ADEMOLA Amosu - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by ADEMOLA Amosu

American journal of life science and innovation, Jun 28, 2024

Adolescents' use of marijuana is a challenge of public health concern, and this also rela... more Adolescents' use of marijuana is a challenge of public health concern, and this also relates to several communities in Nigeria. The use of marijuana and other substances has been reported among the youths. However, the contributing factors to its consumption among these consumers are yet to be fully documented in some Nigerian states. This research aimed to investigate the spectrum of marijuana use among adolescents in secondary schools at Sagamu. The study employed a descriptive, cross-sectional design. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 388 respondents. A semi-structured questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha of 0.72 was employed. The predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling factors were measured on an 18-point rating scale. Pearson's correlation and linear regression analysis were conducted to give statistical responses to the research hypotheses using SPSS version 23. The response rate in this research was 98%. The mean age of the respondents was 15.46±1.37years. 56.2% were females, 74.5% were Christians, and 84% were Yoruba. 4.6% of the respondents have an uneducated dad, 3.9% have an uneducated mum, 70.6% have a self-employed dad, and 78.1% have a self-employed mum. 92.5% of the respondents have a good knowledge of marijuana use. 77.6% have a positive attitude towards marijuana use. 48.7% of the respondents could be influenced by the reinforcing and enabling factors, and there was a 7.2% prevalence rate of marijuana use. There was a significant association between peer influence and marijuana use (R=0.105; R2=0.11; p=0.39), but none between respondents' predisposing factors and marijuana use (p>0.05). Peer influence was the only significant determinant of marijuana use among the respondents. Peer education from homes, schools, and governments is therefore recommended to promote the non-use of marijuana and other substances among adolescents.

Texila International Journal of Public Health, 2020

Background: Unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortion is a global health issue and can be preven... more Background: Unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortion is a global health issue and can be prevented through the use of contraceptive were sexual abstinence is impracticable. Unsafe sexual practices have drastic consequences on sexual and reproductive health and contributes immensely to maternal mortality. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine how level of knowledge and behavioural skill predicts contraceptive-use among female undergraduates in a selected university in Ogun state, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 241 female undergraduates using a validated interviewer administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and Logistic regression analysis was used to determine which construct best predicts contraceptive-use using SPSS version 24.0. Results: Study revealed level of knowledge of respondents was 6.56 ± 1.85 with a prevalence score of 54.6%, mean score for behavioural skill was 6.50 ± 4.44 with a prevalence score of 27.1% and mean score for contraceptive-use was 2.68 ± 1.92 with a prevalence score of 38.28%. Behavioural skill was significantly associated with contraceptive-use (R= 0.400; R 2 =0.16; p=0.00) hence a better predictor of contraceptive-use. Conclusion: Findings from this study shows there is need for sensitization and empowerment of women with the aim of increasing their behavioural skill as knowledge alone is not sufficient in increasing the use of contraceptives where sexual abstinence is impracticable.

Archives of …, 2011

Adolescence is generally agreed to be the period between the ages of ten and nineteen Adolescents... more Adolescence is generally agreed to be the period between the ages of ten and nineteen Adolescents are at risk of unintended pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections including HIV/AIDS, poor pregnancy outcomes with consequent disrupted education and career goals. This descriptive cross-sectional study examined institutional behaviours as factors influencing the methodological approaches to sexuality education in semi-urban secondary schools in the study location. All the teachers in the five schools in the locality were recruited for the study. A pretested interviewer administered questionnaire was employed to elicit information in each school. Data were analysed using independent t-test. The mean age of the respondents was 33.94 and 154 (71.3%) of them agreed that there was no deliberate official plans for sexuality education in secondary schools. Sixty-one percent of the participants also agreed that there was no time to handle academics and sexuality issues at the same time, due to the workload, while 154(71.3%) disagreed that the counselling unit was adequately staffed. A significant difference existed between Christian and Muslim schools in the pattern of methodological approaches to sexuality education. There was also a significant difference between private and public schools in the pattern of methodological approaches to sexuality education. It was therefore recommended that teachers should undergo sex education training, and necessary methodological approaches should be implemented in each school to improve adolescents' sexuality knowledge.

Journal of Community Health, 1994

Breast self-examination (BSE) is a simple, feasible, and suitable method for breast cancer screen... more Breast self-examination (BSE) is a simple, feasible, and suitable method for breast cancer screening in low-middle setting countries. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and practice of BSE among female textile workers in Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1036 female workers, aged 43.9 + 3.1 years old, who were working in 4 textile enterprises in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, in 2016. Overall, 22.7% of participants showed sufficient knowledge on BSE; 15.2% performed monthly BSE; and 7.7% completely performed all 5 steps of BSE. The prevalence of insufficient BSE knowledge was higher among participants with low level of education (odds ratio [OR]: 1.71; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22-2.39, below vs above secondary school), and those whose husbands were farmers or workers (OR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.27-2.45, compared to other sectors). This prevalence was, however, negatively associated with receiving information on BSE (OR: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.11-0.23, yes vs no). The prevalence of insufficient BSE practice was also higher among females with husbands who were farmers or workers (OR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.15-2.43, compared to other sectors). In contrast, it was much lower among participants who had history of breast-related diseases (OR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.24-0.88, yes vs no), received BSE information (OR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.08-0.19, yes vs no), and had sufficient overall BSE knowledge (OR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.06-0.13, yes vs no), compared to those who did not. There was a low prevalence of sufficient BSE knowledge (22.7%) and practice (15.8%) among female textile workers in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. Low level of education and not being provided BSE information were associated with insufficient BSE knowledge and practice among Vietnamese female textile workers. Health education programs are essential to encourage and improve women's knowledge and practice of BSE.

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, May 27, 2022

Background: There is high burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unwanted pregnancy... more Background: There is high burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unwanted pregnancy among young people. In many developing countries including Nigeria, there is paucity of literature on sexual health knowledge among sexually active adolescent girls, as key vulnerable population. This study aimed at assessing level of sexual health knowledge among adolescent secondary school girls in Calabar, Nigeria. Methods: Cross-sectional study design was used, with recruitment of randomly selected sexually active adolescent girls in three public secondary schools in Calabar. Sexual health knowledge was assessed using structured, pre-tested questionnaire, knowledge scores were converted to percentage, and 50% or greater was considered satisfactory. Factors associated with level of knowledge was assessed using Chi-square test, with p value set at 0.05. Results: One hundred and eight (180) respondents were studied, with mean age of 17.4±1.2 years (14-19 years). Mean age at sexual debut was 15.0±2.1 years, ranging from 11 to 19 years. Mean knowledge score (out of maximum of 62) was 25.4±4.2 (9-49), corresponding to 41.0±7.8% (14.5 to 79.0%). Sixty respondents (33.3%) had satisfactory level of knowledge on sexual health. Higher level of paternal and maternal education, married parental status, were associated with satisfactory level of knowledge. Conclusions: There is suboptimal level of sexual health knowledge among sexually active school girls in Calabar. There is urgent need to provide sexual health educational interventions. The school-based family life HIV education (FLHE) program, should be revived, to mitigate sourcing of false sexual health information from peers.

Journal of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Oct 14, 2019

Statement of the Problem: Birth weight (BW) is the single most predictive factor of mortality in ... more Statement of the Problem: Birth weight (BW) is the single most predictive factor of mortality in the first few months of life, and a baby's birth weight is an important indicator of his health. The World Health Organization (WHO) defined low birth weight (LBW) as that below 2,500gm. It is a major public health problem in most African countries, and in most developing countries, being associated with a high incidence of neonatal mortality in these regions. In India 85% of neonatal mortality is associated with LBW, 87% in Guatemala and 56% in North Acrot. It is estimated worldwide that 25 million LBW infants were born in 1990, making up to 18% of all live births, 90% of which occurs in developing countries. LBW babies are at the greatest risk in early childhood. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study of pregnant mothers who delivered in four randomly selected health facilities in urban Abeokuta, Nigeria. The study examined the influence of maternal nutritional status on newborn birth weight and particularly low birth weight (LBW). 512 pregnant mothers booked for antenatal care and were attending antenatal clinics were recruited for the study as they became available. Complete physical examination, clinical profile along with weight, biochemical and hematological measurements were carried out. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test. Findings: The mean weight gain of the pregnant mothers in this study was 7.78±1.01 kg. Weight gain in pregnancy, maternal hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, serum cholesterol and serum albumin were all found to be significant for LBW (p<0.001). Conclusion: Maternal nutritional status impacted significantly on newborn birth weight as poorly nourished mothers were observed to produce a higher percentage of LBW babies when compared to those who were better nourished.

International Journal of Advanced Research

Background: High risk sexual behavior (HRSB) contributes significantly to sexually transmitted di... more Background: High risk sexual behavior (HRSB) contributes significantly to sexually transmitted diseases (STIs) and unwanted pregnancy. This study was aimed at assessing effects of interactive educational intervention, on knowledge, attitude and practice of safe sexual behavior, among sexually active in-school adolescent girls in Calabar, Nigeria. Methods: Quasi-experimental study design was used, with recruitment of one hundred and twenty (120) respondents in two senior secondary schools, comprising sixty (60) each, in groups 1 (control) and 2 (intervention). Group 2 received 2-hour daily, 3-day face-to-face educational teachings on sexual health. Outcome measures assessed at baseline, immediate post-intervention and 12-weeks follow-up, were level of knowledge, attitude and sexual health behavioral practices, with maximum scores of 62, 55 and 35, respectively. Independent t-test was used as inferential statistic, with p-value set at 0.05. Result: Mean age was 17.2 Â± 1.1 years (14-1...

IFE PsychologIA, Jul 21, 2021

TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 2020

Background: Unsafe abortion practices are of great public health concern as they remain a leading... more Background: Unsafe abortion practices are of great public health concern as they remain a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. Post-abortion care and management especially postabortion contraception have been identified as a cost-effective method of preventing unintended pregnancies from occurring thus improving maternal health. Objective: This study sort to investigate how information, motivation and behavioral constructs influence the management of post-abortion care specifically contraception care giving by healthcare providers (doctors and nurses) in South Western, Nigeria. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional design was conducted among 420 participants using a 44-item validated structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, and correlation analysis was conducted to give statistical responses to the research questions and hypotheses using SPSS version 25.

Abstracts of the General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, Sep 3, 2000

Primary Prevention Insights, 2010

European Journal of Health Sciences, 2021

Introduction: Depression is one of the most common mental health diseases among adolescents; the ... more Introduction: Depression is one of the most common mental health diseases among adolescents; the repercussions are penetrating and are visible later in life. Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of school-based educational interventions on depression-related health-seeking behaviour among in-school adolescents in Ogun state, Nigeria. Methodology: A quasi-experimental design comprising of one control group and three experimental groups was conducted. Health Belief Model (HBM) was used for the study. The population of the study was 120 in-school adolescents selected using the multi-stage sampling technique from four (4) selected secondary schools. A validated semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data collected was coded using IBM® SPSS version 23. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics at 0.05 level of significance. Findings: The mean±SD ages of the adolescents in the teacher-led, peer-led, teacher-led and peer-led and control groups ...

TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 2019

The study evaluated the effect of nutrition education and mobile phone communication intervention... more The study evaluated the effect of nutrition education and mobile phone communication intervention grounded in PRECEED-PROCEED theory on self-efficacy of undergraduates to initiate healthy eating practices in Oyo-state. This study employed a quasi-experimental research design, comprising three experimental groups and one control group in four universities in Oyo State. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 25 undergraduates per institution totaling 100. An adapted and validated semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient for construct was 0.71. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics at p ≤ 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that between baseline and 8-weeks follow-up, there was a significant increase in the self-efficacy of respondents to initiate healthy eating practices in the experimental groups (NE and MPC 𝒙=18.34 ± 6.89 to 23.43 ± 6.04, p=0.021; NE 𝒙=17.87 ± 5.52 to 𝒙...

Background: Adolescent females have reduced ability to self-detect breast abnormalities early. Im... more Background: Adolescent females have reduced ability to self-detect breast abnormalities early. Improving their knowledge and practice of breast self-examination (BSE) will reverse this trend. Objective: This study evaluated the effect of two interventions on BSE knowledge and practice among in-school adolescent females in Delta State, Nigeria. Methods: A quasi-experimental research was conducted among ninety female secondary school students selected using a multistage sampling technique from three public secondary schools in the state. There were three groups: two experimental groups and a control. Experimental groups had BSE educational pamphlet alone (BPAM), and a combination of BSE pamphlet and BSE training (BPAME). The control group had a cervical cancer educational pamphlet. Participants were followed-up for eight weeks after the study implementation. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 23.0. Results: Mean age of respondents was 15.64 ± 1.33years. There was a significant ...

$Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence of Refractive Errors and Intention to Use Prescription Glasses Regularly Among Secondary School Students in Ogijo Community, Ogun State, Nigeria$

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of refractive error among secondary sc... more Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of refractive error among secondary school students, as well as their intention to use prescription glasses regularly.Methods: This was a cross-sectional school-based study with a qualitative component. A total of 359 secondary students aged 11-22years, were selected by multistage sampling method from seven schools in Ogijo community, Ogun state, Nigeria. Of the 359 students, 353(98.3%) were examined. The examination included Visual acuity measurement, ocular motility tests, retinoscopy & autorefraction under cycloplegia, and anterior & posterior segment examination. The data collected were analysed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS).Results: The prevalence of refractive error was 11.6%, and of the 41 participants who had refractive error, 65.9% were females while 34.1% were males. Myopia was at 5.1%, while hyperopia and astigmatism were 3.7% and 2.8% respectively. Participants had adequate information ...

Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital, 2016

Introduction: HIV/AIDS is a serious health problem all across the world. The modes of HIV transmi... more Introduction: HIV/AIDS is a serious health problem all across the world. The modes of HIV transmission are unprotected sex with infected individual, injection or transfusion of HIV infected blood or blood products, donations of infected semen, organ transplants taken from an infected person and sharing of unsterilized injection equipment. The alarmingly increasing rate of prevalence of HIV among the youths due to engagement in high risk behaviors show that there is a desperate need for assessments to be conducted to ascertain the existing knowledge, attitudes and sexual practices of youths. Methods: One group pre and post-test experimental research design was adopted for the study. The pretest study was conducted on 4 December, 2012; followed by post- test study after two weeks. The study group was provided with course on HIV/AIDS between the tests. The study was carried out in 121 students of nursing assistants of Shree Birendra Hospital. Results: The findings show that the level ...

Archives of Applied Science Research, 2011

This is a study on the acceptance and practices of focused antenatal care by healthcare providers... more This is a study on the acceptance and practices of focused antenatal care by healthcare providers in five public hospitals the south-west zone of Nigeria. Its goal is to provide a comprehensive and integrated system of reproductive health care that offers an integrated set of services and within a four visit model. This research focused primarily on the knowledge of the health care providers including nurses and doctors, on the new World Health Organisation (WHO) initiative, and aimed to determine how the health workers can enhance its practice. Of the six hundred validated semi-structured questionnaires administered in this cross-sectional study 500 were found usable for data analysis. Analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics. The result showed that 42% of the respondents considered frequent routine as the norm and that women should be classified by risk category, 52% identified ignorance as one of the factors affecting focused antenatal care. Furthermore, 66% accepted...

TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, Mar 29, 2019

Introduction: A critical opportunity to strengthen follow-up of HIV-exposed children and assure e... more Introduction: A critical opportunity to strengthen follow-up of HIV-exposed children and assure early access to ARV treatment for infected children is provided by early infant diagnosis of HIV. This study describes findings from an EID program and the effectiveness of PMTCT intervention in Benue State, Nigeria. Methods: This was a retrospective study. The study population comprised all perinatally HIV exposed children aged six weeks to 18 months who had Dried Blood Spot (DBS) samples taken for a DNA PCR test between January-December 2017 were enrolled for this study. Details of the ARV regimen received to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), infant feeding, HIV DNA PCR test results and turnaround time (TAT) for results were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results 85.9% of mother-baby pairs received ARVs and 98.4% babies had ever been breastfed. Transmission rates for mother-baby pairs who received ARVs for PMTCT was 1.5% compared to 33% when neither baby nor mother received an intervention. Overall the prevalence of transmission in this study is 3.9% irrespective of intervention. The mean and median turnaround time for test results were 69 days (95% CI: 67.89-70.12) and 56 days respectively Conclusions. Reduction of MTCT of HIV is possible with effective PMTCT intervention, including improved access to ARVs and appropriate infant feeding practices. The PMTCT programme in Benue State was found to be effective and achieved outcomes comparable to similar setting. Triple combination ARV drugs is feasible and resulted in low MTCT rates under routine clinic conditions in resource-limited setting.

Journal of Community …, 1994

This descriptive study conducted in a state hospital to understand female health care professiona... more This descriptive study conducted in a state hospital to understand female health care professionals' knowledge and practice level of Breast Self-Examination (BSE). Materials and Methods: Study sample was 76 voluntary women working in the hospital from July 9 th to September 17 th in 2009. Data of the study has been collected using a questionnaire developed by the researcher according to the literature. The participation was totally on the basis of voluntariness and the questionnaire has been filled up by the participants themselves. Evaluation of the data was done with computer. Results: Study found the 86.8% of them know how to perform BSE; 19.7% were doing it periodically each month. Signs and symptoms to observe through it were known between 32.9%-60.5% and the awareness about the important points of it was between 30.3%-77.6%. Conclusion : Research data analysis showed they know theoretically how to practice it but few performing it periodically and effectively and they have medium knowledge about what signs and symptoms to observe through breast self-examination.