A. Eriksson - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by A. Eriksson

Research paper thumbnail of Acoustic effects of variation in vocal effort by men, women, and children

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2000

The acoustic effects of the adjustment in vocal effort that is required when the distance between... more The acoustic effects of the adjustment in vocal effort that is required when the distance between speaker and addressee is varied over a large range ͑0.3-187.5 m͒ were investigated in phonated and, at shorter distances, also in whispered speech. Several characteristics were studied in the same sentence produced by men, women, and 7-year-old boys and girls: duration of vowels and consonants, pausing and occurrence of creaky voice, mean and range of F 0 , certain formant frequencies ͑F 1 in ͓a͔ and F 3 ͒, sound-pressure level ͑SPL͒ of voiced segments and ͓s͔, and spectral emphasis. In addition to levels and emphasis, vowel duration, F 0 , and F 1 were substantially affected. ''Vocal effort'' was defined as the communication distance estimated by a group of listeners for each utterance. Most of the observed effects correlated better with this measure than with the actual distance, since some additional factors affected the speakers' choice. Differences between speaker groups emerged in segment durations, pausing behavior, and in the extent to which the SPL of ͓s͔ was affected. The whispered versions are compared with the phonated versions produced by the same speakers at the same distance. Several effects of whispering are found to be similar to those of increasing vocal effort.

Research paper thumbnail of Aspects of Swedish speech rhythm

This study examines some aspects of speech rhythm, with particular reference to Swedish. A backgr... more This study examines some aspects of speech rhythm, with particular reference to Swedish. A background to the problem area is given and some fundamental problems pointed out. Some theoretical issues are also studied. The question of how to describe and model interstress interval duration is addressed. It is shown, using published data from five languages, that interstress interval duration can be described as a linear function of the number of syllables. Languages seem to fall into two classes, however. It is suggested that this is due to differences in the duration of stressed syllables. It is also shown that a linear growth in interstress interval duration, as a function of the number of syllables in the interval, does not preclude the existence of interval-internal temporal compensations. Speech rhythm in Swedish is studied experimentally in both production and perception. In the production study, the hypothesis that interstress interval duration may be described as a linear function is tested on a recorded material consisting of 5 sentences read by 30 speakers. An analysis of the results gives supportfor the hypothesis. The possible existence of compression of syllables, as a function of interval length, is also studied, but no significant effect is found. The perception part of the study describes two sets of experiments. In one type of experiment the locations of stress beats in a phrase of read poetry are studied. Stress beats are found to be closely associated with the onsets of the stressed vowels. Duration perception of interstress intervals is also studied in a series of experiments, in which stimuli and experimental conditions are varied. Duration perception is shown to be quite accurate, indicating that subjects are capable of determining that interstress intervals are of unequal durations in speech.

Research paper thumbnail of Hur udda är Viby-i? Experimentella och typologiska observationer1

Research paper thumbnail of Computer-Aided Learning and use of the Internet

The Landscape of …, 1997

The working group in Computer Aided Learning and Use of the Internet aims:• to bring together inf... more The working group in Computer Aided Learning and Use of the Internet aims:• to bring together information about resources and tools for computer aided learning (CAL) in the field,• to promote the use of the internet to disseminate information and teaching materials,• to make suggestions of areas of resource development to potential authors,• to encourage the generation of a comprehensive set of high quality resources, and• to create an infrastructure for the management of resources.

Research paper thumbnail of The Acoustics of Lexical Stress in Italian as a Function of Stress Level and Speaking Style

Research paper thumbnail of A comparison of the use of relativization in the Swedish regional dialects spoken in Burträsk and Ström

ling.gu.se

Page 1. A comparison of the use of relativization in the Swedish regional dialects spoken in Burt... more Page 1. A comparison of the use of relativization in the Swedish regional dialects spoken in Burträsk and Ström Anders Eriksson, Department of Linguistics, Gothenburg University, Sweden, Fredrik Karlsson and Kirk PH Sullivan ...

Research paper thumbnail of Acoustic effects of variation in vocal effort by men, women, and children

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2000

The acoustic effects of the adjustment in vocal effort that is required when the distance between... more The acoustic effects of the adjustment in vocal effort that is required when the distance between speaker and addressee is varied over a large range ͑0.3-187.5 m͒ were investigated in phonated and, at shorter distances, also in whispered speech. Several characteristics were studied in the same sentence produced by men, women, and 7-year-old boys and girls: duration of vowels and consonants, pausing and occurrence of creaky voice, mean and range of F 0 , certain formant frequencies ͑F 1 in ͓a͔ and F 3 ͒, sound-pressure level ͑SPL͒ of voiced segments and ͓s͔, and spectral emphasis. In addition to levels and emphasis, vowel duration, F 0 , and F 1 were substantially affected. ''Vocal effort'' was defined as the communication distance estimated by a group of listeners for each utterance. Most of the observed effects correlated better with this measure than with the actual distance, since some additional factors affected the speakers' choice. Differences between speaker groups emerged in segment durations, pausing behavior, and in the extent to which the SPL of ͓s͔ was affected. The whispered versions are compared with the phonated versions produced by the same speakers at the same distance. Several effects of whispering are found to be similar to those of increasing vocal effort.

Research paper thumbnail of Aspects of Swedish speech rhythm

This study examines some aspects of speech rhythm, with particular reference to Swedish. A backgr... more This study examines some aspects of speech rhythm, with particular reference to Swedish. A background to the problem area is given and some fundamental problems pointed out. Some theoretical issues are also studied. The question of how to describe and model interstress interval duration is addressed. It is shown, using published data from five languages, that interstress interval duration can be described as a linear function of the number of syllables. Languages seem to fall into two classes, however. It is suggested that this is due to differences in the duration of stressed syllables. It is also shown that a linear growth in interstress interval duration, as a function of the number of syllables in the interval, does not preclude the existence of interval-internal temporal compensations. Speech rhythm in Swedish is studied experimentally in both production and perception. In the production study, the hypothesis that interstress interval duration may be described as a linear function is tested on a recorded material consisting of 5 sentences read by 30 speakers. An analysis of the results gives supportfor the hypothesis. The possible existence of compression of syllables, as a function of interval length, is also studied, but no significant effect is found. The perception part of the study describes two sets of experiments. In one type of experiment the locations of stress beats in a phrase of read poetry are studied. Stress beats are found to be closely associated with the onsets of the stressed vowels. Duration perception of interstress intervals is also studied in a series of experiments, in which stimuli and experimental conditions are varied. Duration perception is shown to be quite accurate, indicating that subjects are capable of determining that interstress intervals are of unequal durations in speech.

Research paper thumbnail of Hur udda är Viby-i? Experimentella och typologiska observationer1

Research paper thumbnail of Computer-Aided Learning and use of the Internet

The Landscape of …, 1997

The working group in Computer Aided Learning and Use of the Internet aims:• to bring together inf... more The working group in Computer Aided Learning and Use of the Internet aims:• to bring together information about resources and tools for computer aided learning (CAL) in the field,• to promote the use of the internet to disseminate information and teaching materials,• to make suggestions of areas of resource development to potential authors,• to encourage the generation of a comprehensive set of high quality resources, and• to create an infrastructure for the management of resources.

Research paper thumbnail of The Acoustics of Lexical Stress in Italian as a Function of Stress Level and Speaking Style

Research paper thumbnail of A comparison of the use of relativization in the Swedish regional dialects spoken in Burträsk and Ström

ling.gu.se

Page 1. A comparison of the use of relativization in the Swedish regional dialects spoken in Burt... more Page 1. A comparison of the use of relativization in the Swedish regional dialects spoken in Burträsk and Ström Anders Eriksson, Department of Linguistics, Gothenburg University, Sweden, Fredrik Karlsson and Kirk PH Sullivan ...