A. Fantoni - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by A. Fantoni
Minerva ginecologica, 1984
Cervicovaginal cytological data from 270 women fitted with IUDs (at least 2 years earlier) were c... more Cervicovaginal cytological data from 270 women fitted with IUDs (at least 2 years earlier) were compared with data from a control group of 270 women not fitted with IUDs. IUDs were removed from women and samples of endometrial cells tested. The results were not compared with the control group on account of the technical difficulties in obtaining samples of endometrial cells from nonwearers. The object of the study was to examine morphological alterations in the cervical and endometrial cells of the women with IUDs. An increase in Class II Papanicolaou was found in the cervicovaginal smears of the women with IUDs when compared to the control group. Women with IUDs also showed a clear increase in granulocytes histiocytes and cervicovaginal bacterial flora. Such results suggest the presence of an inflammatory reaction to the IUD which is considered a foreign body. Giant and plurinu-clear histiocyte-like cells probably originating from reactive changes in endometrial cells were observed exclusively in the women with IUDs. Slight morphological alterations to endometrial cells were also revealed: inflated cells cells with an inflated nucleus cells with a vacuolated cytoplasm and cells with dyshomogeneity of the nuclear lumen. These morphological alterations can create differential diagnostic problems with the lesions preceding and accompanying adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. (authors)
Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics, 1985
Hemin-induced K562(S) cells have been studied for the following parameters: cell proliferation, e... more Hemin-induced K562(S) cells have been studied for the following parameters: cell proliferation, erythroid induction, hemoglobin accumulation, and activation of ribosomal gene clusters 48 hr after hemin induction. Increased transcriptional activity of rRNA genes has been demonstrated by cytochemical methods at both the cell population and single cell level. The following results have been obtained: (a) The vast majority of induced cells shows a highly significant increase in the number of active rRNA gene clusters per cell. At this time, the number of benzidine-positive cells and the quantity of hemoglobin per cell are almost doubled. (b) Specific rRNA gene clusters are activated within single cells. Activation can be visualized at the single gene cluster level. (c) The increase in the average number of active ribosomal gene clusters per cell is not due to clonal selection, but rather to diffuse activation of several gene clusters. (d) The transcriptional activity of rRNA genes has been shown to be regulated at the cellular level by an agent known to specifically induce derepression of genes responsible for erythroid differentiation.
British Journal of Haematology, 1964
Acta biologica et medica Germanica, 1981
In the present study mouse adult (alpha, beta) and embryonic globin (x, y, z) mRNas are compared ... more In the present study mouse adult (alpha, beta) and embryonic globin (x, y, z) mRNas are compared for their capacity of being translated in a micrococcus nuclease treated rabbit reticulocyte lysate. The results of these experiments indicate that: 1) alpha and beta adult RNAs are translated with a higher efficiency as compared to the alpha-like and beta-like embryonic mRNAs; 2) adult beta and embryonic beta-like messengers are translated more efficiently than their corresponding adult alpha and embryonic alpha-like messengers; 3) the alpha/beta synthetic ratio, both for adult and embryonic globins is highly dependent upon the concentration of globin mRNAs. For embryonic globins the ratio decreases from 0.21 at low mRNA concentration to 0.11 at high mRNA concentration. For adult globin mRNAs the alpha/beta chain synthetic ratio decreases from 1.4 to 0.9 within the same range of concentration.
…, 1997
Involvement of the contact system of coagulation in the the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 by up ... more Involvement of the contact system of coagulation in the the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 by up to 75%. The decrease in protein secretion correlated with an equivalent pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases is suggested by reduced plasma levels of factor XII (Hageman factor) and decrease of factor XII mRNA likely indicating a pretranslational control of factor XII gene expression by IL-6. Downreg-prekallikrein generally considered to result from activation of the contact system. However, in many of these diseases ulation of factor XII production by IL-6 in vitro parallelled that of transthyretin, a known negative acute-phase protein. patients develop an acute-phase response and, therefore, an alternative explanation for the decreased levels of factor XII Moreover, we show that, in patients developing an acutephase response after immunotherapy with IL-2, plasma lev-could be the downregulation of factor XII gene expression in the liver as described for negative acute-phase proteins. els of factor XII correlate (r ! .76, P Ú .0001) with those of transthyretin. Taken together, these results suggest that We report here that interleukin-6 (IL-6), the principal cytokine mediating the synthesis of most acute-phase proteins factor XII behaves as a negative acute-phase protein. ᭧ 1997 by The American Society of Hematology. in the liver, downregulates the production of factor XII by (TTR; prealbumin), a well-known negative acute-phase pro-T tein. HE PLASMA CONTACT system is involved in the maintenance of homeostasis of the organism; indeed, activated contact system proteins trigger the activation of MATERIALS AND METHODS the intrinsic pathways of coagulation and fibrinolysis, the activation of the complement system, and the production of Cell culture. HepG2 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagles medium supplemented with 10% (vol/vol) fetal calf serum kinins. 1-5 (FCS), penicillin-streptomycin, and glutamine (all purchased from The activation of the contact system is initiated by factor GIBCO BRL, Paisley, UK). For the stimulation experiments, cells XII (FXII), a serine protease synthesized by the liver 6 as a were plated at a density of 1 1 10 5 cells/cm 2 in 25-cm 2 flasks; after single-chain inactive zymogen. Upon binding to a negatively 24 hours, the medium was replaced with fresh medium with or charged surface, FXII is converted to activated FXII (FXIIa), without 10% (vol/vol) FCS and with or without added cytokines (0 which, in turn, activates prekallikrein to kallikrein and FXI time). After 24 hours, culture media were harvested and replaced to activated FXI. Kallikrein activates additional FXII and with fresh medium containing the appropriate cytokines and cells cleaves high molecular weight kininogen generating the vacultured for an additional 24 hours. This procedure was repeated on soactive peptide bradykinin. 3 successive days. Cells and culture fluids were harvested at 24hour intervals for RNA analysis by Northern blot and for protein FXII and prekallikrein plasma levels are low in sepsis, (FXII, TTR, and fibrinogen) quantification by enzyme-linked immuwhich has been ascribed to increased consumption resulting noassorbent assays (ELISAs), respectively. Cell supernatants were from activation of the contact system. However, evidence centrifuged at 4,000g for 20 minutes at 4ЊC to remove detached cells for such an activation process is often lacking. For example, and stored at 020ЊC until analysis. All stimulation experiments were circulating levels of FXIIa-and kallikrein-C1-inhibitor comrepeated at least three times, with duplicate incubations and duplicate plexes, which reflect activation of the contact system in vivo, determination of the secreted proteins. are also low in most patients with sepsis. 7 Cytokines. Human recombinant IL-6 (rIL-6) produced in Esche-Mammalian liver responds to acute systemic injury by a richia coli was purified to homogeneity by gel filtration and ion dramatic change in the synthesis of various plasma proteins. exchange high-performance liquid chromatography as described. 14,15 This phenomenon is known as hepatic acute-phase response. 8,9 The rate and amplitude of changes in plasma levels of the acute-phase proteins reflect the induction of their syn-From the Central Laboratory of The Netherlands Red Cross Blood thesis by various cytokines, such as interleukin-1b (IL-1b),
Bollettino della Società italiana di biologia sperimentale, Jan 30, 1963
The Journal of biological chemistry, Jan 10, 1984
Beta h0 and beta h1 are two beta-like globin genes in the mouse beta-globin gene cluster whose fu... more Beta h0 and beta h1 are two beta-like globin genes in the mouse beta-globin gene cluster whose functions have not previously been established. Transcripts of both beta h0 and beta h1 are found in yolk sac-derived erythroid cells from mouse embryos and in the murine erythroleukemic cell line GM979. S1 nuclease analysis shows that beta h1 is the more abundant of the two transcripts in both embryonic erythroid cells and the cell line GM979. Hybridization of a beta h1-specific probe to RNA from erythroid cells of 10-, 11-, 12-, 13-, and 14-day-old mouse embryos indicates that levels of beta h1 mRNA are high at 10 and 11 days and then decline during further fetal development. The in vitro translation product of hybrid-selected beta h1 mRNA was analyzed by acid/urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The beta h1 translation product has the electrophoretic mobility expected for the z chain. We conclude that beta h1 is a fully functional gene which codes for the embryonic z chain.
The Journal of biological chemistry, Jan 25, 1969
Blood, 1979
The poly (A)-containing nuclear RNA from dimethylsulfoxide-induced Friend leukemia cells was frac... more The poly (A)-containing nuclear RNA from dimethylsulfoxide-induced Friend leukemia cells was fractionated by acrylamide gel electrophoresis in denaturing conditions and analyzed for alpha and beta globin RNA sequences. The results indicate that nuclear RNA contains one species of large-size RNA (0.6 X 10(6) daltons), which is the putative precursor for beta globin mRNA only. In addition, it was shown by electrophoretic analysis that the complex of RNA molecules not resolved by sucrose gradient centrifugation (11S) comprises sequences of decreasing size (0.34, 0.28, and 0.26 X 10(6) daltons), which might be the precursors of alpha and beta globin mRNA.
Blood, 1978
The kinetic relationship between the globin mRNA accumulation and the rate of synthesis of globin... more The kinetic relationship between the globin mRNA accumulation and the rate of synthesis of globin chains was studied during the terminal stages of differentiation in erythroid cells derived from the yolk sac of mouse fetuses. RNA derived from the whole cells and from different cell compartments were hybridized to DNA complementary to embryonic globin mRNA. The relative proportion of embryonic globin RNA molecules and their absolute number per cell were estimated on the 11th, 12th, and 13th days of mouse fetal development. During erythroid terminal differentiation globin mRNA became progressively predominant on polyribosomes along with the progressive specialization of cell functions. The number of embryonic globin RNA molecules per cell remained constant while yolk sac erythroid cells underwent two rounds of cell division. These data indicate that the transcription of globin genes is operative throughout the last stages of terminal differentiation and that there is no detectable sto...
Cell Differentiation, 1983
The iron chelator desferrioxamine reversibly inhibits heme accumulation and globin synthesis in h... more The iron chelator desferrioxamine reversibly inhibits heme accumulation and globin synthesis in human leukemic K-562 cells induced to express erythroid genes by butyric acid. These results suggest that iron metabolism can modulate globin gene expression. In addition we describe experimental conditions (6.25 ~g/ml desferrioxamine) which do not suppress transcription of globin genes and translation of globin mRNA but prevent heme synthesis. Therefore expression of globin genes in butyric acid induced K-562 cells does not require accumulation of heme molecules. Human leukemic K-562 cells cultured with different inducers and treated with desferrioxamine should be used as a useful model system to further analyse the relationship between expression of erythroid genes, iron metabolism and heine accumulation.
Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1964
Human Genetics, 1988
Human coagulation factor XII (fXII), a serine protease synthesized in liver and active in plasma,... more Human coagulation factor XII (fXII), a serine protease synthesized in liver and active in plasma, is involved in a wide variety of functions, including blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, bradykinin and complement activation. A complementary DNA (597 bp) encoding amino acid -16 to amino acid 183 of fXII protein was used to determine the chromosomal location of the fXII gene. DNAs from hamster-human somatic cell hybrids were digested with restriction enzymes and hybridized with the fXII cDNA. By the Southern method it was shown that restriction fragments able to hybridize to fXII cDNA are present only in DNA extracted from clones retaining human chromosome 5.
Folia Microbiologica, 1998
Experientia, 1983
In the human leukemia K-562($6) cell line (a) the accumulation of a-globin chains is low or absen... more In the human leukemia K-562($6) cell line (a) the accumulation of a-globin chains is low or absent, (b) ~-globin gene expression is correlated with expression of e-chains and (c) the genes responsible for the terminal cell division are not operated within 8-12 cell cycles, while K-562($6) cells are fully induced to erythroid differentiation.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression, 1993
The human Factor XII gene codes for a serine proteinase synthesized in liver that activates both ... more The human Factor XII gene codes for a serine proteinase synthesized in liver that activates both the coagulation and the fibrinolytic cascades. The nucleotide sequence analysis of a HincII-HincII 3129 bp fragment was performed showing that the FXII promoter region contains neither CAAT and TATA regulatory elements, nor GC islands, but revealing the presence of two tandemly repeated sequences in opposite orientation, two LFoA1 elements typical of the liver specific genes and one estrogen responsive element, that substantiates the observation of Factor XII gene modulation by estrogens.
Rendiconti Lincei, 1990
Abstract — Human coagulation factor XII (FXII) is a serine protease involved in a wide variety o... more Abstract — Human coagulation factor XII (FXII) is a serine protease involved in a wide variety of functions, including blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, bradykinin production and complement activation. FXII consists of several autonomous structural regions similar to those present in other serine proteases. With the intent of assessing the contribution of each structural domain to the biological properties of the enzyme, we
Minerva ginecologica, 1984
Cervicovaginal cytological data from 270 women fitted with IUDs (at least 2 years earlier) were c... more Cervicovaginal cytological data from 270 women fitted with IUDs (at least 2 years earlier) were compared with data from a control group of 270 women not fitted with IUDs. IUDs were removed from women and samples of endometrial cells tested. The results were not compared with the control group on account of the technical difficulties in obtaining samples of endometrial cells from nonwearers. The object of the study was to examine morphological alterations in the cervical and endometrial cells of the women with IUDs. An increase in Class II Papanicolaou was found in the cervicovaginal smears of the women with IUDs when compared to the control group. Women with IUDs also showed a clear increase in granulocytes histiocytes and cervicovaginal bacterial flora. Such results suggest the presence of an inflammatory reaction to the IUD which is considered a foreign body. Giant and plurinu-clear histiocyte-like cells probably originating from reactive changes in endometrial cells were observed exclusively in the women with IUDs. Slight morphological alterations to endometrial cells were also revealed: inflated cells cells with an inflated nucleus cells with a vacuolated cytoplasm and cells with dyshomogeneity of the nuclear lumen. These morphological alterations can create differential diagnostic problems with the lesions preceding and accompanying adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. (authors)
Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics, 1985
Hemin-induced K562(S) cells have been studied for the following parameters: cell proliferation, e... more Hemin-induced K562(S) cells have been studied for the following parameters: cell proliferation, erythroid induction, hemoglobin accumulation, and activation of ribosomal gene clusters 48 hr after hemin induction. Increased transcriptional activity of rRNA genes has been demonstrated by cytochemical methods at both the cell population and single cell level. The following results have been obtained: (a) The vast majority of induced cells shows a highly significant increase in the number of active rRNA gene clusters per cell. At this time, the number of benzidine-positive cells and the quantity of hemoglobin per cell are almost doubled. (b) Specific rRNA gene clusters are activated within single cells. Activation can be visualized at the single gene cluster level. (c) The increase in the average number of active ribosomal gene clusters per cell is not due to clonal selection, but rather to diffuse activation of several gene clusters. (d) The transcriptional activity of rRNA genes has been shown to be regulated at the cellular level by an agent known to specifically induce derepression of genes responsible for erythroid differentiation.
British Journal of Haematology, 1964
Acta biologica et medica Germanica, 1981
In the present study mouse adult (alpha, beta) and embryonic globin (x, y, z) mRNas are compared ... more In the present study mouse adult (alpha, beta) and embryonic globin (x, y, z) mRNas are compared for their capacity of being translated in a micrococcus nuclease treated rabbit reticulocyte lysate. The results of these experiments indicate that: 1) alpha and beta adult RNAs are translated with a higher efficiency as compared to the alpha-like and beta-like embryonic mRNAs; 2) adult beta and embryonic beta-like messengers are translated more efficiently than their corresponding adult alpha and embryonic alpha-like messengers; 3) the alpha/beta synthetic ratio, both for adult and embryonic globins is highly dependent upon the concentration of globin mRNAs. For embryonic globins the ratio decreases from 0.21 at low mRNA concentration to 0.11 at high mRNA concentration. For adult globin mRNAs the alpha/beta chain synthetic ratio decreases from 1.4 to 0.9 within the same range of concentration.
…, 1997
Involvement of the contact system of coagulation in the the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 by up ... more Involvement of the contact system of coagulation in the the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 by up to 75%. The decrease in protein secretion correlated with an equivalent pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases is suggested by reduced plasma levels of factor XII (Hageman factor) and decrease of factor XII mRNA likely indicating a pretranslational control of factor XII gene expression by IL-6. Downreg-prekallikrein generally considered to result from activation of the contact system. However, in many of these diseases ulation of factor XII production by IL-6 in vitro parallelled that of transthyretin, a known negative acute-phase protein. patients develop an acute-phase response and, therefore, an alternative explanation for the decreased levels of factor XII Moreover, we show that, in patients developing an acutephase response after immunotherapy with IL-2, plasma lev-could be the downregulation of factor XII gene expression in the liver as described for negative acute-phase proteins. els of factor XII correlate (r ! .76, P Ú .0001) with those of transthyretin. Taken together, these results suggest that We report here that interleukin-6 (IL-6), the principal cytokine mediating the synthesis of most acute-phase proteins factor XII behaves as a negative acute-phase protein. ᭧ 1997 by The American Society of Hematology. in the liver, downregulates the production of factor XII by (TTR; prealbumin), a well-known negative acute-phase pro-T tein. HE PLASMA CONTACT system is involved in the maintenance of homeostasis of the organism; indeed, activated contact system proteins trigger the activation of MATERIALS AND METHODS the intrinsic pathways of coagulation and fibrinolysis, the activation of the complement system, and the production of Cell culture. HepG2 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagles medium supplemented with 10% (vol/vol) fetal calf serum kinins. 1-5 (FCS), penicillin-streptomycin, and glutamine (all purchased from The activation of the contact system is initiated by factor GIBCO BRL, Paisley, UK). For the stimulation experiments, cells XII (FXII), a serine protease synthesized by the liver 6 as a were plated at a density of 1 1 10 5 cells/cm 2 in 25-cm 2 flasks; after single-chain inactive zymogen. Upon binding to a negatively 24 hours, the medium was replaced with fresh medium with or charged surface, FXII is converted to activated FXII (FXIIa), without 10% (vol/vol) FCS and with or without added cytokines (0 which, in turn, activates prekallikrein to kallikrein and FXI time). After 24 hours, culture media were harvested and replaced to activated FXI. Kallikrein activates additional FXII and with fresh medium containing the appropriate cytokines and cells cleaves high molecular weight kininogen generating the vacultured for an additional 24 hours. This procedure was repeated on soactive peptide bradykinin. 3 successive days. Cells and culture fluids were harvested at 24hour intervals for RNA analysis by Northern blot and for protein FXII and prekallikrein plasma levels are low in sepsis, (FXII, TTR, and fibrinogen) quantification by enzyme-linked immuwhich has been ascribed to increased consumption resulting noassorbent assays (ELISAs), respectively. Cell supernatants were from activation of the contact system. However, evidence centrifuged at 4,000g for 20 minutes at 4ЊC to remove detached cells for such an activation process is often lacking. For example, and stored at 020ЊC until analysis. All stimulation experiments were circulating levels of FXIIa-and kallikrein-C1-inhibitor comrepeated at least three times, with duplicate incubations and duplicate plexes, which reflect activation of the contact system in vivo, determination of the secreted proteins. are also low in most patients with sepsis. 7 Cytokines. Human recombinant IL-6 (rIL-6) produced in Esche-Mammalian liver responds to acute systemic injury by a richia coli was purified to homogeneity by gel filtration and ion dramatic change in the synthesis of various plasma proteins. exchange high-performance liquid chromatography as described. 14,15 This phenomenon is known as hepatic acute-phase response. 8,9 The rate and amplitude of changes in plasma levels of the acute-phase proteins reflect the induction of their syn-From the Central Laboratory of The Netherlands Red Cross Blood thesis by various cytokines, such as interleukin-1b (IL-1b),
Bollettino della Società italiana di biologia sperimentale, Jan 30, 1963
The Journal of biological chemistry, Jan 10, 1984
Beta h0 and beta h1 are two beta-like globin genes in the mouse beta-globin gene cluster whose fu... more Beta h0 and beta h1 are two beta-like globin genes in the mouse beta-globin gene cluster whose functions have not previously been established. Transcripts of both beta h0 and beta h1 are found in yolk sac-derived erythroid cells from mouse embryos and in the murine erythroleukemic cell line GM979. S1 nuclease analysis shows that beta h1 is the more abundant of the two transcripts in both embryonic erythroid cells and the cell line GM979. Hybridization of a beta h1-specific probe to RNA from erythroid cells of 10-, 11-, 12-, 13-, and 14-day-old mouse embryos indicates that levels of beta h1 mRNA are high at 10 and 11 days and then decline during further fetal development. The in vitro translation product of hybrid-selected beta h1 mRNA was analyzed by acid/urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The beta h1 translation product has the electrophoretic mobility expected for the z chain. We conclude that beta h1 is a fully functional gene which codes for the embryonic z chain.
The Journal of biological chemistry, Jan 25, 1969
Blood, 1979
The poly (A)-containing nuclear RNA from dimethylsulfoxide-induced Friend leukemia cells was frac... more The poly (A)-containing nuclear RNA from dimethylsulfoxide-induced Friend leukemia cells was fractionated by acrylamide gel electrophoresis in denaturing conditions and analyzed for alpha and beta globin RNA sequences. The results indicate that nuclear RNA contains one species of large-size RNA (0.6 X 10(6) daltons), which is the putative precursor for beta globin mRNA only. In addition, it was shown by electrophoretic analysis that the complex of RNA molecules not resolved by sucrose gradient centrifugation (11S) comprises sequences of decreasing size (0.34, 0.28, and 0.26 X 10(6) daltons), which might be the precursors of alpha and beta globin mRNA.
Blood, 1978
The kinetic relationship between the globin mRNA accumulation and the rate of synthesis of globin... more The kinetic relationship between the globin mRNA accumulation and the rate of synthesis of globin chains was studied during the terminal stages of differentiation in erythroid cells derived from the yolk sac of mouse fetuses. RNA derived from the whole cells and from different cell compartments were hybridized to DNA complementary to embryonic globin mRNA. The relative proportion of embryonic globin RNA molecules and their absolute number per cell were estimated on the 11th, 12th, and 13th days of mouse fetal development. During erythroid terminal differentiation globin mRNA became progressively predominant on polyribosomes along with the progressive specialization of cell functions. The number of embryonic globin RNA molecules per cell remained constant while yolk sac erythroid cells underwent two rounds of cell division. These data indicate that the transcription of globin genes is operative throughout the last stages of terminal differentiation and that there is no detectable sto...
Cell Differentiation, 1983
The iron chelator desferrioxamine reversibly inhibits heme accumulation and globin synthesis in h... more The iron chelator desferrioxamine reversibly inhibits heme accumulation and globin synthesis in human leukemic K-562 cells induced to express erythroid genes by butyric acid. These results suggest that iron metabolism can modulate globin gene expression. In addition we describe experimental conditions (6.25 ~g/ml desferrioxamine) which do not suppress transcription of globin genes and translation of globin mRNA but prevent heme synthesis. Therefore expression of globin genes in butyric acid induced K-562 cells does not require accumulation of heme molecules. Human leukemic K-562 cells cultured with different inducers and treated with desferrioxamine should be used as a useful model system to further analyse the relationship between expression of erythroid genes, iron metabolism and heine accumulation.
Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1964
Human Genetics, 1988
Human coagulation factor XII (fXII), a serine protease synthesized in liver and active in plasma,... more Human coagulation factor XII (fXII), a serine protease synthesized in liver and active in plasma, is involved in a wide variety of functions, including blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, bradykinin and complement activation. A complementary DNA (597 bp) encoding amino acid -16 to amino acid 183 of fXII protein was used to determine the chromosomal location of the fXII gene. DNAs from hamster-human somatic cell hybrids were digested with restriction enzymes and hybridized with the fXII cDNA. By the Southern method it was shown that restriction fragments able to hybridize to fXII cDNA are present only in DNA extracted from clones retaining human chromosome 5.
Folia Microbiologica, 1998
Experientia, 1983
In the human leukemia K-562($6) cell line (a) the accumulation of a-globin chains is low or absen... more In the human leukemia K-562($6) cell line (a) the accumulation of a-globin chains is low or absent, (b) ~-globin gene expression is correlated with expression of e-chains and (c) the genes responsible for the terminal cell division are not operated within 8-12 cell cycles, while K-562($6) cells are fully induced to erythroid differentiation.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression, 1993
The human Factor XII gene codes for a serine proteinase synthesized in liver that activates both ... more The human Factor XII gene codes for a serine proteinase synthesized in liver that activates both the coagulation and the fibrinolytic cascades. The nucleotide sequence analysis of a HincII-HincII 3129 bp fragment was performed showing that the FXII promoter region contains neither CAAT and TATA regulatory elements, nor GC islands, but revealing the presence of two tandemly repeated sequences in opposite orientation, two LFoA1 elements typical of the liver specific genes and one estrogen responsive element, that substantiates the observation of Factor XII gene modulation by estrogens.
Rendiconti Lincei, 1990
Abstract — Human coagulation factor XII (FXII) is a serine protease involved in a wide variety o... more Abstract — Human coagulation factor XII (FXII) is a serine protease involved in a wide variety of functions, including blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, bradykinin production and complement activation. FXII consists of several autonomous structural regions similar to those present in other serine proteases. With the intent of assessing the contribution of each structural domain to the biological properties of the enzyme, we