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Papers by ARNENGSIH NAZIR

Research paper thumbnail of Exercise-based Rehabilitation to Improve Exercise Tolerance of Severe COVID-19 Survivors: A Review Paper

Iranian rehabilitation journal, Mar 1, 2024

This review aimed to determine the form, results, and barriers to exercise-based rehabilitation p... more This review aimed to determine the form, results, and barriers to exercise-based rehabilitation programs for severe COVID-19 survivors. Methods: Searching for the article was carried out from August to October 2021. We used the PubMed database as a search media with the keywords (['COVID-19' OR 'COVID 19' OR 'SARS CoV-2' OR 'post COVID-19'] AND ['rehabilitation']). Original articles and case reports published in the last 2 years (July 2019-2022), written in English, available in full text, and accessible in PDF or HTML format were included. Articles were excluded if they did not fit the research topic after reading the full text. Results: There were a total of 7461 articles found at the initial screening using keywords. In the next screening using the inclusion and exclusion criteria and after reading the whole article, we found 9 articles that matched the topic. Of these, 7 articles were original articles and 2 case reports. All of the articles explained the forms and outcomes of exercise-based rehabilitation in severe cases of COVID-19 survivors. However, no article explained the barriers to rehabilitation. Discussion: Exercise was generally given to increase exercise tolerance in severe COVID-19 survivors in both inpatient and outpatient cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programs. The form of exercise was aerobic, strength, or endurance training, and other forms of exercise such as balance training as well as breathing exercises. The type and intensity of exercises given were tailored to the patient's needs. Research showed that exercise-based rehabilitation programs resulted in a positive impact on increasing the survivor's quality of life, functional capability, and exercise tolerance. A previous study explained that barriers to rehabilitation in COVID-19 were related to the patient's health condition, COVID-19 infectivity, and issues related to health services.

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of a combination of functional electrical stimulation and cycle ergometer (FES-cycling) on physiological changes and functional ability in patients with ICU-acquired weakness

Anaesthesia, pain & intensive care, Jul 10, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Chronic post-ICU pain: A review of the mechanism and the rehabilitation management

Anaesthesia, pain & intensive care, Feb 5, 2024

Objectives: This review aimed to explore the pain mechanism and rehabilitation management of func... more Objectives: This review aimed to explore the pain mechanism and rehabilitation management of functional impairments due to chronic post-ICU pain (CPIP). Methodology: Articles were searched using PubMed and Google Scholar databases with keywords chronic pain, chronic post-ICU pain, persistent pain, ICU-related pain, ICU survivor, and rehabilitation. All types of articles that were written in English and available in full-text format were considered for analysis. Results: The cause of CPIP is not certainly known, but several factors associated with the incidence of CPIP have been identified including genetic, premorbid conditions, medical intervention, and ICU care, as well as psychological or social factors. CPIP management aims to prevent disabilities due to chronic pain and improve functional abilities. The rehabilitation program of CPIP begins with a prevention program from the acute phase to the follow-up phase. The rehabilitation program consists of physical modalities, exercise, occupational therapy, and psychological or social counseling, as well as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The CBT program has been shown to be effective in improving long-term outcomes, preventing the incidence of PICS, and improving the functional status of ICU survivors.

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation of Home-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Literature Review

Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dec 29, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of Listening to the Holy Qur’an Recitation Therapy onPhysiological Parameters and Neuropsychological Functionsin Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Narrative Reviewfrom Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Point of View

Iranian rehabilitation journal, May 31, 2023

This review aimed at exploring the effect of the Holy Qur'an recitation (HQR) therapy in patients... more This review aimed at exploring the effect of the Holy Qur'an recitation (HQR) therapy in patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: The relevant articles in the last 10 years were reviewed to obtain data about the application of the HQR and its effects on physiological parameters and neuropsychological functions. Twenty-four articles were relevant to the topic, which consisted of 9 review articles, 14 original articles, and 1 web page. Results: HQR therapy is a non-pharmacological therapy given to ICU patients to improve their physiological and psychological parameters that disturbed due to stressors in the ICU. The form of therapeutic intervention for listening to the HQR varies based on the time of administration, the length of therapy, and the chapter (Surah) read. The HQR therapy had a therapeutic effect by relieving the discomfort caused by the treatment and creating a peaceful mind. The average duration of listening to the HQR therapy is about 30 minutes, with the administration time during spontaneous breathing trials or while the patient is still on mechanical ventilation. Discussion: The HQR could change the physiological parameters of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Listening to HQR involves religious and spiritual characteristics associated with stress, anxiety, and depression. Spirituality is related to cognitive and emotional functions such as belief, motivation, and feeling close to God, so this therapy was used to improve cognitive and psychological functions. The HQR therapy decreases the degree of pain. After receiving the HQR therapy, the psychological function is enhanced by reducing stress levels, anxiety, depression, or other emotional disorders.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect Of High-intensity Interval Training On Insulin Quality In Participants With Metabolic Syndrome

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2016

Introduction: Inhibitory control is essential for treatment of, and recovery from mental illness.... more Introduction: Inhibitory control is essential for treatment of, and recovery from mental illness. An acute bout of exercise has been shown to improve inhibitory control in healthy adolescents. Purpose: The primary goal was to examine the effect of an acute bout of high-intensity interval training on inhibitory control both immediately and 30-min post-exercise in adolescents hospitalized for a mental illness. Methods: Participants were recruited at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario. Participants performed exercise and control conditions in a randomized, counterbalanced manner. The Colour-Word Stroop Task (CWST) assessed Interference Cost (reaction time) pre, post, and 30-min post for each condition (exercise/control). The exercise condition included a 12-min HIIT circuit consisting of body weight exercises performed in a 1:1 work to rest ratio. The control condition involved reading magazines. Repeated-measures ANOVA evaluated changes in the interference cost and accuracy measures of the CWST. Results: There was a significant interaction between condition and time for the interference cost measure, F (1.6,43.3) = 13.6, p < .0001, η 2 = .34. Interference cost was significantly reduced immediately after exercise compared to control (M diff = 78.8 ± 14.91, p < .001) and 30-min post-exercise compared to control (M diff = 59.6 ± 15.14, p = .001). Accuracy did not differ by time, F(2,54) = .14, p ≤ .87, η 2 = .01 nor condition, F(1,27) = 2.25, p = .15, η 2 = .08. Conclusion: HIIT was able to improve inhibitory control by increasing response efficiency rather than improving the overall ability to respond correctly. The impact of pre-therapy HIIT to enhance focus and reduce impulsive thoughts and behaviours may improve adolescent patients' response to mental health treatment.

Research paper thumbnail of Resistance Training in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review on Its Effectiveness in Controlling Risk Factors

Integrated blood pressure control, Mar 1, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Immunogenicity, Safety, and Efficacy of Influenza Vaccine in T2DM and T2DM with Chronic Kidney Disease

Vaccines, Feb 23, 2024

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Rehabilitation Management of Intensive Care Unit-acquired Weakness (ICU-AW): A Narrative Review

Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal, Feb 29, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Exercise-based Rehabilitation to Improve Exercise Tolerance of Severe COVID-19 Survivors: A Review Paper

Iranian Rehabilitation Journal, 2024

This review aimed to determine the form, results, and barriers to exercise-based rehabilitation p... more This review aimed to determine the form, results, and barriers to exercise-based rehabilitation programs for severe COVID-19 survivors. Methods: Searching for the article was carried out from August to October 2021. We used the PubMed database as a search media with the keywords (['COVID-19' OR 'COVID 19' OR 'SARS CoV-2' OR 'post COVID-19'] AND ['rehabilitation']). Original articles and case reports published in the last 2 years (July 2019-2022), written in English, available in full text, and accessible in PDF or HTML format were included. Articles were excluded if they did not fit the research topic after reading the full text. Results: There were a total of 7461 articles found at the initial screening using keywords. In the next screening using the inclusion and exclusion criteria and after reading the whole article, we found 9 articles that matched the topic. Of these, 7 articles were original articles and 2 case reports. All of the articles explained the forms and outcomes of exercise-based rehabilitation in severe cases of COVID-19 survivors. However, no article explained the barriers to rehabilitation. Discussion: Exercise was generally given to increase exercise tolerance in severe COVID-19 survivors in both inpatient and outpatient cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programs. The form of exercise was aerobic, strength, or endurance training, and other forms of exercise such as balance training as well as breathing exercises. The type and intensity of exercises given were tailored to the patient's needs. Research showed that exercise-based rehabilitation programs resulted in a positive impact on increasing the survivor's quality of life, functional capability, and exercise tolerance. A previous study explained that barriers to rehabilitation in COVID-19 were related to the patient's health condition, COVID-19 infectivity, and issues related to health services.

Research paper thumbnail of A Review of Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Clinical and Functional Outcomes of Patients With Mechanical Ventilation

Iranian Rehabilitation Journal

Objectives: This review aimed to explore inspiratory muscle training (IMT) use in patients with m... more Objectives: This review aimed to explore inspiratory muscle training (IMT) use in patients with mechanical ventilation (MV). The topics were related to its effect on the duration of MV or weaning, respiratory symptoms or lung function, inspiratory muscle strength (IMS) or endurance, functional ability, and quality of life (QoL). Methods: Articles published in the last ten years were reviewed narratively to obtain data about how inspiratory muscle training (IMT) can affect breathing muscle strength in prolonged mechanically ventilated patients. Results: Eleven articles were relevant to the topic, including seven original articles and four systematic reviews. We also found one practical guide on IMT in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Discussion: Inspiratory muscle weakness is found in most intensive care unit (ICU) patients which further causes difficulty in weaning from MV. No standard protocol exists for the use of IMT in patients who failed to wean from MV. The use of IMT was f...

Research paper thumbnail of Breathing and Light- to Vigorous-Intensity Aerobic Exercises Improved Respiratory Functions and Functional Capacity of COVID-19 Survivor with Morbid Obesity

Jurnal Respirasi, May 31, 2023

Introduction: A decrease in respiratory functions (RF) and functional capacity (FC) may present a... more Introduction: A decrease in respiratory functions (RF) and functional capacity (FC) may present as complications of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Morbid obesity worsens these complications. Case: A 31-year-old male patient with morbid obesity came for pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) one week after hospitalization. He suffered from COVID-19 and received 15 days of mechanical ventilation. The goal of PR was to improve RF and FC. A comprehensive PR, including hospital-and home-based programs, consisting of breathing, aerobic, resistance, and flexibility exercises, diet and psychological counseling was given. Breathing exercises were deep breathing, sustained-maximal breathing, and chest expansion. Hospital-based PR was given with moderate-intensity interval aerobic exercise (AE), while home-based PR was with low-intensity continuous, both with oxygen supplementation. The FC was needed to do his daily activities, and vocational was 1.0 to 6.3 metabolic equivalents (METs). The target of FC 6 METs in 12-18 weeks was set. After six weeks, the RF improved with decreased dyspnea and increased maximum inspiratory volume and chest expansion. The FC increased to 4.2 METs, and monitored-home-based AE was given with vigorousintensity interval mode. He joined the residency program 10 weeks later and achieved 5.7 METs at the end of PR. We gave unsupervised home-based exercises for his longterm exercise. Conclusion: Breathing and AE improved RF and FC in a COVID-19 patient with morbid obesity admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) to previous vocational activities.

Research paper thumbnail of Exercise Intolerance in COPD: A Review of the Pathophysiology and Clinical Assessment

Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Jun 28, 2023

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently presents with significant i... more Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently presents with significant impairments that contribute to reduced functional capacity and exercise intolerance, ultimately leading to compromised activity performance. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the pathophysiology and clinical assessment of exercise intolerance in COPD. Methods: Data used were procured through a thorough search of published literature, conducted using both PubMed and Google Scholar search engines. Literature was included when published in the last 10 years, written in English, and available in full-text format. The types of literature used were books, original articles, narrative or systematic reviews, and case reports. Results: A total of 33 pieces of literature were identified and used to provide explanations for the subtopics under discussion. Out of the total pieces, 22 elucidated the pathophysiology of the topic, while the remaining 12 focused on the clinical assessment. Conclusion: Shortness of breath and leg fatigue were common symptoms of exercise intolerance found in COPD. These symptoms were associated with impairment of the body functions such as the respiratory, cardiovascular, peripheral muscles, neuromuscular, and psychological. Furthermore, physical inactivity caused worsening exercise intolerance, which could be evaluated using the Borg scale. The cardiopulmonary exercise test was recommended to assess exercise intolerance in COPD patients and some field analyses such as walk and step tests could also be carried out.

Research paper thumbnail of Role of exercise in severe COVID-19 case

Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal

Severe COVID-19 infection can lead to prolonged recovery and troublesome symptoms. The symptoms r... more Severe COVID-19 infection can lead to prolonged recovery and troublesome symptoms. The symptoms reported in those patients were dyspnea, fatigue, weakness, anxiety, and activity intolerance. Patients showed limited exercise capacity and interfered with daily activities, as well as the quality of life. We report the role of exercise in improving activity tolerance in a survivor of a COVID-19 severe case. A male patient, 51 years, came to outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation after hospitalization due to a severe case of COVID-19. The patient had a low activity tolerance presented as fatigue, dyspnea, activity-induced oxygen desaturation, and inability to perform exercise testing, in addition to mild anxiety. A set of exercises consisting of breathing, flexibility, muscular, and cardiorespiratory endurance were given for 4 weeks along with psychological counseling. Barthel Index, cardiorespiratory fitness, sit-to-stand test, Fatigue Severity Scale, Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale...

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of Listening to the Holy Qur'an Recitation Therapy onPhysiological Parameters and Neuropsychological Functionsin Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Narrative Reviewfrom Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Point of View

Iranian Rehabilitation Journal, 2023

Objectives: This review aimed at exploring the effect of the Holy Qur’an recitation (HQR) therapy... more Objectives: This review aimed at exploring the effect of the Holy Qur’an recitation (HQR) therapy in patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU).
Methods: The relevant articles in the last 10 years were reviewed to obtain data about the application of the HQR and its effects on physiological parameters and neuropsychological functions. Twenty-four articles were relevant to the topic, which consisted of 9 review articles, 14 original articles, and 1 web page.
Results: HQR therapy is a non-pharmacological therapy given to ICU patients to improve their physiological and psychological parameters that disturbed due to stressors in the ICU. The form of therapeutic intervention for listening to the HQR varies based on the time of administration, the length of therapy, and the chapter (Surah) read. The HQR therapy had a therapeutic effect by relieving the discomfort caused by the treatment and creating a peaceful mind. The average duration of listening to the HQR therapy is about 30 minutes, with the administration time during spontaneous breathing trials or while the patient is still on mechanical ventilation.
Discussion: The HQR could change the physiological parameters of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Listening to HQR involves religious and spiritual characteristics associated with stress, anxiety, and depression. Spirituality is related to cognitive and emotional functions such as belief, motivation, and feeling close to God, so this therapy was used to improve cognitive and psychological functions. The HQR therapy decreases the degree of pain. After receiving the HQR therapy, the psychological function is enhanced by reducing stress levels, anxiety, depression, or other emotional disorders.

Research paper thumbnail of Rehabilitation Management to Improve Respiratory Function in Severe and Critical COVID-19 Survivors: A Literature Review

Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional

Post-acute COVID-19 symptoms impact the quality of life, and pulmonary rehabilitation is recommen... more Post-acute COVID-19 symptoms impact the quality of life, and pulmonary rehabilitation is recommended. This study explored the implementation, outcomes, and barriers of such programs for severe and critical COVID-19 survivors, focusing on improving respiratory function. Articles search was conducted from October to November 2021 through Google Scholar and PubMed databases. Pulmonary rehabilitation programs in severe and critical cases of COVID-19 survivors have a similar purpose in other respiratory cases. Pulmonary rehabilitation programs, including breathing, resistance, stretching, cardiorespiratory endurance exercises, respiratory physiotherapy, relaxation techniques, and education, significantly improved lung function and reduced symptoms. No studies exploring barriers to pulmonary rehabilitation were found. In conclusion, pulmonary rehabilitation programs for COVID-19 survivors with severe and critical cases have improved respiratory functions.

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical and Functional Outcomes of COVID-19 Survivors After Hospitalization

Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes various clinical manifestations during acute infection... more Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes various clinical manifestations during acute infection and at the post-acute phase with persistent symptoms called long COVID. It occurs in mild and moderate to severe cases which require hospitalization. In patients needing hospitalization, especially intensive care unit admission, the risk of long COVID increases. Many hospitalized patients exhibited more symptoms in 60 days after the illness than non-hospitalized patients. This review aimed to identify the clinical and functional outcomes in COVID-19 survivors after hospitalization. The articles in the PubMed database published in 2019-2021 were reviewed and found 20 be eligible. The clinical outcomes were the appearance or persistence of general and multi-organ symptoms, nutritional disorders, and decreased lung function. The functional outcomes found were decreased muscle strength, physical, psychological, and cognitive functions, increased disability and dependencies, as well as decre...

Research paper thumbnail of Exercise Intolerance in COPD: A Review of the Pathophysiology and Clinical Assessment

Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently presents with significantim... more Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently presents with significantimpairments that contribute to reduced functional capacity and exercise intolerance, ultimately leadingto compromised activity performance. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the pathophysiology andclinical assessment of exercise intolerance in COPD.Methods: Data used were procured through a thorough search of published literature, conducted usingboth PubMed and Google Scholar search engines. Literature was included when published in the last10 years, written in English, and available in full-text format. The types of literature used were books,original articles, narrative or systematic reviews, and case reports.Results: A total of 33 pieces of literature were identified and used to provide explanations for the subtopicsunder discussion. Out of the total pieces, 22 elucidated the pathophysiology of the topic, while theremaining 12 focused on the clinical assessment.Conclusion: Shortne...

Research paper thumbnail of Adherence in Following Phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation Program in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Post-revascularization

Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Purpose: The aim of this study is to describe the adherence of patients with coronary artery dise... more Purpose: The aim of this study is to describe the adherence of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after revascularization with Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) in initiating, sustaining, and completing phase II cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs.Methods: This study is a descriptive cross sectional study design. Data is taken retrospectively using secondary data from medical records. The population of this study is post-revascularization CAD patients who undergo phase II CR in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in 2019-2020 and all samples are taken using the total sampling method. The adherence is described as adherence with initiating, sustaining, and completing the CR program in the CABG and PCI groups and expressed in percentage.Results: There are 96 subjects who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria in this study. The adherence for initiating the CR program is 94.6% in the CABG group and 100% in the PCI group. A tota...

Research paper thumbnail of Pre-Operative Depression and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Open-Heart Surgery

Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

Introduction: Cardiac disease and mental health are two related disorders and often co-exist toge... more Introduction: Cardiac disease and mental health are two related disorders and often co-exist together. As one of the interventions to manage patients with cardiac diseases, the heart surgical procedure also correlated with depression and anxiety which will interfere with the prognosis. This study aimed to know the incidence of depression and anxiety in patients before undergoing open-heart surgery at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital (RSHS) Bandung. Methods: This study was a case series using primary data from patients and secondary data from medical records. Subjects were adult patients who will undergo open-heart surgery at RSHS Bandung. Data collection was started from November to December 2019. Variables assessed were depression and anxiety. Demographic profiles (age, gender, occupation, education, and marital status), as well as medical profiles (underlying disease, comorbidity, and type of surgical procedure), were also obtained. Results: Seven subjects will undergo open-hear...

Research paper thumbnail of Exercise-based Rehabilitation to Improve Exercise Tolerance of Severe COVID-19 Survivors: A Review Paper

Iranian rehabilitation journal, Mar 1, 2024

This review aimed to determine the form, results, and barriers to exercise-based rehabilitation p... more This review aimed to determine the form, results, and barriers to exercise-based rehabilitation programs for severe COVID-19 survivors. Methods: Searching for the article was carried out from August to October 2021. We used the PubMed database as a search media with the keywords ([&#39;COVID-19&#39; OR &#39;COVID 19&#39; OR &#39;SARS CoV-2&#39; OR &#39;post COVID-19&#39;] AND [&#39;rehabilitation&#39;]). Original articles and case reports published in the last 2 years (July 2019-2022), written in English, available in full text, and accessible in PDF or HTML format were included. Articles were excluded if they did not fit the research topic after reading the full text. Results: There were a total of 7461 articles found at the initial screening using keywords. In the next screening using the inclusion and exclusion criteria and after reading the whole article, we found 9 articles that matched the topic. Of these, 7 articles were original articles and 2 case reports. All of the articles explained the forms and outcomes of exercise-based rehabilitation in severe cases of COVID-19 survivors. However, no article explained the barriers to rehabilitation. Discussion: Exercise was generally given to increase exercise tolerance in severe COVID-19 survivors in both inpatient and outpatient cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programs. The form of exercise was aerobic, strength, or endurance training, and other forms of exercise such as balance training as well as breathing exercises. The type and intensity of exercises given were tailored to the patient&#39;s needs. Research showed that exercise-based rehabilitation programs resulted in a positive impact on increasing the survivor&#39;s quality of life, functional capability, and exercise tolerance. A previous study explained that barriers to rehabilitation in COVID-19 were related to the patient&#39;s health condition, COVID-19 infectivity, and issues related to health services.

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of a combination of functional electrical stimulation and cycle ergometer (FES-cycling) on physiological changes and functional ability in patients with ICU-acquired weakness

Anaesthesia, pain & intensive care, Jul 10, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Chronic post-ICU pain: A review of the mechanism and the rehabilitation management

Anaesthesia, pain & intensive care, Feb 5, 2024

Objectives: This review aimed to explore the pain mechanism and rehabilitation management of func... more Objectives: This review aimed to explore the pain mechanism and rehabilitation management of functional impairments due to chronic post-ICU pain (CPIP). Methodology: Articles were searched using PubMed and Google Scholar databases with keywords chronic pain, chronic post-ICU pain, persistent pain, ICU-related pain, ICU survivor, and rehabilitation. All types of articles that were written in English and available in full-text format were considered for analysis. Results: The cause of CPIP is not certainly known, but several factors associated with the incidence of CPIP have been identified including genetic, premorbid conditions, medical intervention, and ICU care, as well as psychological or social factors. CPIP management aims to prevent disabilities due to chronic pain and improve functional abilities. The rehabilitation program of CPIP begins with a prevention program from the acute phase to the follow-up phase. The rehabilitation program consists of physical modalities, exercise, occupational therapy, and psychological or social counseling, as well as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The CBT program has been shown to be effective in improving long-term outcomes, preventing the incidence of PICS, and improving the functional status of ICU survivors.

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation of Home-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Literature Review

Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dec 29, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of Listening to the Holy Qur’an Recitation Therapy onPhysiological Parameters and Neuropsychological Functionsin Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Narrative Reviewfrom Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Point of View

Iranian rehabilitation journal, May 31, 2023

This review aimed at exploring the effect of the Holy Qur'an recitation (HQR) therapy in patients... more This review aimed at exploring the effect of the Holy Qur'an recitation (HQR) therapy in patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: The relevant articles in the last 10 years were reviewed to obtain data about the application of the HQR and its effects on physiological parameters and neuropsychological functions. Twenty-four articles were relevant to the topic, which consisted of 9 review articles, 14 original articles, and 1 web page. Results: HQR therapy is a non-pharmacological therapy given to ICU patients to improve their physiological and psychological parameters that disturbed due to stressors in the ICU. The form of therapeutic intervention for listening to the HQR varies based on the time of administration, the length of therapy, and the chapter (Surah) read. The HQR therapy had a therapeutic effect by relieving the discomfort caused by the treatment and creating a peaceful mind. The average duration of listening to the HQR therapy is about 30 minutes, with the administration time during spontaneous breathing trials or while the patient is still on mechanical ventilation. Discussion: The HQR could change the physiological parameters of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Listening to HQR involves religious and spiritual characteristics associated with stress, anxiety, and depression. Spirituality is related to cognitive and emotional functions such as belief, motivation, and feeling close to God, so this therapy was used to improve cognitive and psychological functions. The HQR therapy decreases the degree of pain. After receiving the HQR therapy, the psychological function is enhanced by reducing stress levels, anxiety, depression, or other emotional disorders.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect Of High-intensity Interval Training On Insulin Quality In Participants With Metabolic Syndrome

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2016

Introduction: Inhibitory control is essential for treatment of, and recovery from mental illness.... more Introduction: Inhibitory control is essential for treatment of, and recovery from mental illness. An acute bout of exercise has been shown to improve inhibitory control in healthy adolescents. Purpose: The primary goal was to examine the effect of an acute bout of high-intensity interval training on inhibitory control both immediately and 30-min post-exercise in adolescents hospitalized for a mental illness. Methods: Participants were recruited at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario. Participants performed exercise and control conditions in a randomized, counterbalanced manner. The Colour-Word Stroop Task (CWST) assessed Interference Cost (reaction time) pre, post, and 30-min post for each condition (exercise/control). The exercise condition included a 12-min HIIT circuit consisting of body weight exercises performed in a 1:1 work to rest ratio. The control condition involved reading magazines. Repeated-measures ANOVA evaluated changes in the interference cost and accuracy measures of the CWST. Results: There was a significant interaction between condition and time for the interference cost measure, F (1.6,43.3) = 13.6, p < .0001, η 2 = .34. Interference cost was significantly reduced immediately after exercise compared to control (M diff = 78.8 ± 14.91, p < .001) and 30-min post-exercise compared to control (M diff = 59.6 ± 15.14, p = .001). Accuracy did not differ by time, F(2,54) = .14, p ≤ .87, η 2 = .01 nor condition, F(1,27) = 2.25, p = .15, η 2 = .08. Conclusion: HIIT was able to improve inhibitory control by increasing response efficiency rather than improving the overall ability to respond correctly. The impact of pre-therapy HIIT to enhance focus and reduce impulsive thoughts and behaviours may improve adolescent patients' response to mental health treatment.

Research paper thumbnail of Resistance Training in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review on Its Effectiveness in Controlling Risk Factors

Integrated blood pressure control, Mar 1, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Immunogenicity, Safety, and Efficacy of Influenza Vaccine in T2DM and T2DM with Chronic Kidney Disease

Vaccines, Feb 23, 2024

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Rehabilitation Management of Intensive Care Unit-acquired Weakness (ICU-AW): A Narrative Review

Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal, Feb 29, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Exercise-based Rehabilitation to Improve Exercise Tolerance of Severe COVID-19 Survivors: A Review Paper

Iranian Rehabilitation Journal, 2024

This review aimed to determine the form, results, and barriers to exercise-based rehabilitation p... more This review aimed to determine the form, results, and barriers to exercise-based rehabilitation programs for severe COVID-19 survivors. Methods: Searching for the article was carried out from August to October 2021. We used the PubMed database as a search media with the keywords (['COVID-19' OR 'COVID 19' OR 'SARS CoV-2' OR 'post COVID-19'] AND ['rehabilitation']). Original articles and case reports published in the last 2 years (July 2019-2022), written in English, available in full text, and accessible in PDF or HTML format were included. Articles were excluded if they did not fit the research topic after reading the full text. Results: There were a total of 7461 articles found at the initial screening using keywords. In the next screening using the inclusion and exclusion criteria and after reading the whole article, we found 9 articles that matched the topic. Of these, 7 articles were original articles and 2 case reports. All of the articles explained the forms and outcomes of exercise-based rehabilitation in severe cases of COVID-19 survivors. However, no article explained the barriers to rehabilitation. Discussion: Exercise was generally given to increase exercise tolerance in severe COVID-19 survivors in both inpatient and outpatient cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programs. The form of exercise was aerobic, strength, or endurance training, and other forms of exercise such as balance training as well as breathing exercises. The type and intensity of exercises given were tailored to the patient's needs. Research showed that exercise-based rehabilitation programs resulted in a positive impact on increasing the survivor's quality of life, functional capability, and exercise tolerance. A previous study explained that barriers to rehabilitation in COVID-19 were related to the patient's health condition, COVID-19 infectivity, and issues related to health services.

Research paper thumbnail of A Review of Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Clinical and Functional Outcomes of Patients With Mechanical Ventilation

Iranian Rehabilitation Journal

Objectives: This review aimed to explore inspiratory muscle training (IMT) use in patients with m... more Objectives: This review aimed to explore inspiratory muscle training (IMT) use in patients with mechanical ventilation (MV). The topics were related to its effect on the duration of MV or weaning, respiratory symptoms or lung function, inspiratory muscle strength (IMS) or endurance, functional ability, and quality of life (QoL). Methods: Articles published in the last ten years were reviewed narratively to obtain data about how inspiratory muscle training (IMT) can affect breathing muscle strength in prolonged mechanically ventilated patients. Results: Eleven articles were relevant to the topic, including seven original articles and four systematic reviews. We also found one practical guide on IMT in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Discussion: Inspiratory muscle weakness is found in most intensive care unit (ICU) patients which further causes difficulty in weaning from MV. No standard protocol exists for the use of IMT in patients who failed to wean from MV. The use of IMT was f...

Research paper thumbnail of Breathing and Light- to Vigorous-Intensity Aerobic Exercises Improved Respiratory Functions and Functional Capacity of COVID-19 Survivor with Morbid Obesity

Jurnal Respirasi, May 31, 2023

Introduction: A decrease in respiratory functions (RF) and functional capacity (FC) may present a... more Introduction: A decrease in respiratory functions (RF) and functional capacity (FC) may present as complications of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Morbid obesity worsens these complications. Case: A 31-year-old male patient with morbid obesity came for pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) one week after hospitalization. He suffered from COVID-19 and received 15 days of mechanical ventilation. The goal of PR was to improve RF and FC. A comprehensive PR, including hospital-and home-based programs, consisting of breathing, aerobic, resistance, and flexibility exercises, diet and psychological counseling was given. Breathing exercises were deep breathing, sustained-maximal breathing, and chest expansion. Hospital-based PR was given with moderate-intensity interval aerobic exercise (AE), while home-based PR was with low-intensity continuous, both with oxygen supplementation. The FC was needed to do his daily activities, and vocational was 1.0 to 6.3 metabolic equivalents (METs). The target of FC 6 METs in 12-18 weeks was set. After six weeks, the RF improved with decreased dyspnea and increased maximum inspiratory volume and chest expansion. The FC increased to 4.2 METs, and monitored-home-based AE was given with vigorousintensity interval mode. He joined the residency program 10 weeks later and achieved 5.7 METs at the end of PR. We gave unsupervised home-based exercises for his longterm exercise. Conclusion: Breathing and AE improved RF and FC in a COVID-19 patient with morbid obesity admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) to previous vocational activities.

Research paper thumbnail of Exercise Intolerance in COPD: A Review of the Pathophysiology and Clinical Assessment

Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Jun 28, 2023

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently presents with significant i... more Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently presents with significant impairments that contribute to reduced functional capacity and exercise intolerance, ultimately leading to compromised activity performance. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the pathophysiology and clinical assessment of exercise intolerance in COPD. Methods: Data used were procured through a thorough search of published literature, conducted using both PubMed and Google Scholar search engines. Literature was included when published in the last 10 years, written in English, and available in full-text format. The types of literature used were books, original articles, narrative or systematic reviews, and case reports. Results: A total of 33 pieces of literature were identified and used to provide explanations for the subtopics under discussion. Out of the total pieces, 22 elucidated the pathophysiology of the topic, while the remaining 12 focused on the clinical assessment. Conclusion: Shortness of breath and leg fatigue were common symptoms of exercise intolerance found in COPD. These symptoms were associated with impairment of the body functions such as the respiratory, cardiovascular, peripheral muscles, neuromuscular, and psychological. Furthermore, physical inactivity caused worsening exercise intolerance, which could be evaluated using the Borg scale. The cardiopulmonary exercise test was recommended to assess exercise intolerance in COPD patients and some field analyses such as walk and step tests could also be carried out.

Research paper thumbnail of Role of exercise in severe COVID-19 case

Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal

Severe COVID-19 infection can lead to prolonged recovery and troublesome symptoms. The symptoms r... more Severe COVID-19 infection can lead to prolonged recovery and troublesome symptoms. The symptoms reported in those patients were dyspnea, fatigue, weakness, anxiety, and activity intolerance. Patients showed limited exercise capacity and interfered with daily activities, as well as the quality of life. We report the role of exercise in improving activity tolerance in a survivor of a COVID-19 severe case. A male patient, 51 years, came to outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation after hospitalization due to a severe case of COVID-19. The patient had a low activity tolerance presented as fatigue, dyspnea, activity-induced oxygen desaturation, and inability to perform exercise testing, in addition to mild anxiety. A set of exercises consisting of breathing, flexibility, muscular, and cardiorespiratory endurance were given for 4 weeks along with psychological counseling. Barthel Index, cardiorespiratory fitness, sit-to-stand test, Fatigue Severity Scale, Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale...

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of Listening to the Holy Qur'an Recitation Therapy onPhysiological Parameters and Neuropsychological Functionsin Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Narrative Reviewfrom Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Point of View

Iranian Rehabilitation Journal, 2023

Objectives: This review aimed at exploring the effect of the Holy Qur’an recitation (HQR) therapy... more Objectives: This review aimed at exploring the effect of the Holy Qur’an recitation (HQR) therapy in patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU).
Methods: The relevant articles in the last 10 years were reviewed to obtain data about the application of the HQR and its effects on physiological parameters and neuropsychological functions. Twenty-four articles were relevant to the topic, which consisted of 9 review articles, 14 original articles, and 1 web page.
Results: HQR therapy is a non-pharmacological therapy given to ICU patients to improve their physiological and psychological parameters that disturbed due to stressors in the ICU. The form of therapeutic intervention for listening to the HQR varies based on the time of administration, the length of therapy, and the chapter (Surah) read. The HQR therapy had a therapeutic effect by relieving the discomfort caused by the treatment and creating a peaceful mind. The average duration of listening to the HQR therapy is about 30 minutes, with the administration time during spontaneous breathing trials or while the patient is still on mechanical ventilation.
Discussion: The HQR could change the physiological parameters of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Listening to HQR involves religious and spiritual characteristics associated with stress, anxiety, and depression. Spirituality is related to cognitive and emotional functions such as belief, motivation, and feeling close to God, so this therapy was used to improve cognitive and psychological functions. The HQR therapy decreases the degree of pain. After receiving the HQR therapy, the psychological function is enhanced by reducing stress levels, anxiety, depression, or other emotional disorders.

Research paper thumbnail of Rehabilitation Management to Improve Respiratory Function in Severe and Critical COVID-19 Survivors: A Literature Review

Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional

Post-acute COVID-19 symptoms impact the quality of life, and pulmonary rehabilitation is recommen... more Post-acute COVID-19 symptoms impact the quality of life, and pulmonary rehabilitation is recommended. This study explored the implementation, outcomes, and barriers of such programs for severe and critical COVID-19 survivors, focusing on improving respiratory function. Articles search was conducted from October to November 2021 through Google Scholar and PubMed databases. Pulmonary rehabilitation programs in severe and critical cases of COVID-19 survivors have a similar purpose in other respiratory cases. Pulmonary rehabilitation programs, including breathing, resistance, stretching, cardiorespiratory endurance exercises, respiratory physiotherapy, relaxation techniques, and education, significantly improved lung function and reduced symptoms. No studies exploring barriers to pulmonary rehabilitation were found. In conclusion, pulmonary rehabilitation programs for COVID-19 survivors with severe and critical cases have improved respiratory functions.

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical and Functional Outcomes of COVID-19 Survivors After Hospitalization

Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes various clinical manifestations during acute infection... more Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes various clinical manifestations during acute infection and at the post-acute phase with persistent symptoms called long COVID. It occurs in mild and moderate to severe cases which require hospitalization. In patients needing hospitalization, especially intensive care unit admission, the risk of long COVID increases. Many hospitalized patients exhibited more symptoms in 60 days after the illness than non-hospitalized patients. This review aimed to identify the clinical and functional outcomes in COVID-19 survivors after hospitalization. The articles in the PubMed database published in 2019-2021 were reviewed and found 20 be eligible. The clinical outcomes were the appearance or persistence of general and multi-organ symptoms, nutritional disorders, and decreased lung function. The functional outcomes found were decreased muscle strength, physical, psychological, and cognitive functions, increased disability and dependencies, as well as decre...

Research paper thumbnail of Exercise Intolerance in COPD: A Review of the Pathophysiology and Clinical Assessment

Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently presents with significantim... more Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently presents with significantimpairments that contribute to reduced functional capacity and exercise intolerance, ultimately leadingto compromised activity performance. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the pathophysiology andclinical assessment of exercise intolerance in COPD.Methods: Data used were procured through a thorough search of published literature, conducted usingboth PubMed and Google Scholar search engines. Literature was included when published in the last10 years, written in English, and available in full-text format. The types of literature used were books,original articles, narrative or systematic reviews, and case reports.Results: A total of 33 pieces of literature were identified and used to provide explanations for the subtopicsunder discussion. Out of the total pieces, 22 elucidated the pathophysiology of the topic, while theremaining 12 focused on the clinical assessment.Conclusion: Shortne...

Research paper thumbnail of Adherence in Following Phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation Program in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Post-revascularization

Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Purpose: The aim of this study is to describe the adherence of patients with coronary artery dise... more Purpose: The aim of this study is to describe the adherence of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after revascularization with Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) in initiating, sustaining, and completing phase II cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs.Methods: This study is a descriptive cross sectional study design. Data is taken retrospectively using secondary data from medical records. The population of this study is post-revascularization CAD patients who undergo phase II CR in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in 2019-2020 and all samples are taken using the total sampling method. The adherence is described as adherence with initiating, sustaining, and completing the CR program in the CABG and PCI groups and expressed in percentage.Results: There are 96 subjects who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria in this study. The adherence for initiating the CR program is 94.6% in the CABG group and 100% in the PCI group. A tota...

Research paper thumbnail of Pre-Operative Depression and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Open-Heart Surgery

Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

Introduction: Cardiac disease and mental health are two related disorders and often co-exist toge... more Introduction: Cardiac disease and mental health are two related disorders and often co-exist together. As one of the interventions to manage patients with cardiac diseases, the heart surgical procedure also correlated with depression and anxiety which will interfere with the prognosis. This study aimed to know the incidence of depression and anxiety in patients before undergoing open-heart surgery at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital (RSHS) Bandung. Methods: This study was a case series using primary data from patients and secondary data from medical records. Subjects were adult patients who will undergo open-heart surgery at RSHS Bandung. Data collection was started from November to December 2019. Variables assessed were depression and anxiety. Demographic profiles (age, gender, occupation, education, and marital status), as well as medical profiles (underlying disease, comorbidity, and type of surgical procedure), were also obtained. Results: Seven subjects will undergo open-hear...