ASHIQUR RAHAMAN - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by ASHIQUR RAHAMAN
In this study, we evaluated the level of trace metals in the soil of heavily loaded tannery and b... more In this study, we evaluated the level of trace metals in the soil of heavily loaded tannery and battery industry area on the bank of the Buriganga River, Dhaka, Bangladesh in order to investigate their translocation to the locally grown vegetables and potential health risk of the local consumers. Concentrations of various metals in agricultural soil and in a number of vegetables such as; Red amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus), Spinach (Spanacia oleracea), Jute leaf (Corchorus capsularies), Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), Mustard green (Brassica juncea) and Water spinach (Impomoea aquatica) were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The content of chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in the soil was around 500, 50, 50, 40, 0.8 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. Cr and Pb were found in the locally grown vegetables around 20 and 0.5 mg/kg respectively, which are higher than the permissible limit of them (2 mg/kg for Cr and 0.3 mg/kg for Pb) in vegetables as recommended by FAO/WHO and the data confirm the translocation of the metals from the soil to the vegetables. Hazard index value of all the vegetables considered was above 1, which indicates that the people could experience severe health risk due to consumption of any of those vegetables. Total cancer risk (TCR) value was obtained for Cr, Ni and Pb content in the local vegetables and it was observed that the value was around 1 × 10 −3 for all of the sample vegetables. The high TCR values (higher than the USEPA threshold level of 1 × 10 −6) indicate that there is a potential cancer risk due to intake of vegetables grown in that area.
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This study was adopted to investigate the removal of Cr(III) and other physicochemical parameters... more This study was adopted to investigate the removal of Cr(III) and other physicochemical parameters of chrome tan wastewater. For this purpose, three precipitating agents, CaCO 3 , NaHCO 3 , and MgO, were used to treat chrome tan wastewater. After treatment, it was found, in three different dose trials, that each agent removed almost 97-99.5 % of chromium. At the same time, it was observed that with the increase of doses, removal percentage of TDS, conductivity, and turbidity of effluent were reduced. In the case of NaHCO 3 and CaCO 3 , Cr(III) removal percentage at optimum pH was found to be 99.97% and 99.95% respectively, whereas the maximum removal percentage for MgO was found to be 99.98%. The NaHCO 3 and CaCO 3 were found to be comparable to MgO for Cr(III) removal from chrome tan wastewater. The recovered chromium concentration in the sludge for NaHCO 3 and CaCO 3 were also similar to that of MgO. This research suggests that these two precipitating agents can be used in the same way as MgO, for Cr removal and recovery treatments. Moreover, this recovered chromium can be reused, thus reducing the environmental pollution.
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This study was adopted to investigate the removal of Cr(III) and other physicochemical parameters... more This study was adopted to investigate the removal of Cr(III) and other physicochemical parameters of chrome tan wastewater. For this purpose, three precipitating agents, CaCO 3 , NaHCO 3 , and MgO, were used to treat chrome tan wastewater. After treatment, it was found, in three different dose trials, that each agent removed almost 97-99.5 % of chromium. At the same time, it was observed that with the increase of doses, removal percentage of TDS, conductivity, and turbidity of effluent were reduced. In the case of NaHCO 3 and CaCO 3 , Cr(III) removal percentage at optimum pH was found to be 99.97% and 99.95% respectively, whereas the maximum removal percentage for MgO was found to be 99.98%. The NaHCO 3 and CaCO 3 were found to be comparable to MgO for Cr(III) removal from chrome tan wastewater. The recovered chromium concentration in the sludge for NaHCO 3 and CaCO 3 were also similar to that of MgO. This research suggests that these two precipitating agents can be used in the same way as MgO, for Cr removal and recovery treatments. Moreover, this recovered chromium can be reused, thus reducing the environmental pollution.
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This study had been conducted using low-cost agricultural waste to remove chromium and other para... more This study had been conducted using low-cost agricultural waste to remove chromium and other parameters from tannery effluents. Orange peel and tea waste were used as bioadsorbent for this study; the findings were then compared with that of commercially activated carbon. The nature of these Bio-adsorbent was examined using Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) technique. The maximum adsorption capacity for tea waste and orange peel were 11.25 mg/g and for 10.83 mg/g. Characterization of the effluents was done both before and after treatments. The result represents the maximum removal percentage of TDS 97.13, Turbidity 99.7, conductivity 97.5 and chromium 97.63. The order of adsorption activated carbon> tea waste> orange peel. Tea waste has better removal ability to remove chromium than orange peel, although in the case of conductivity and Total dissolved solid (TDS) orange peel is better. The aim of this research involves implementation of low cost agricultural waste for the purpose of tannery effluent treatment.
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This study was conducted for assessment of human health risks due to intake of heavy metal cont a... more This study was conducted for assessment of human health risks due to intake of heavy metal cont aminated vegetables through determination of the heavy metals' concentrations in soil and vegetables grown on it nearby Buriganga River, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Flame Atomi c Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) was used to determine the concentrations of heavy metals. Moreover, Health Risk Index (HRI) of heavy metals was also calculated. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in soil were found in the decreasing order of Fe>Cr>Zn> Ni>Cu>Pb>Cd but in the case of roots and edible parts of vegetables, the mean concentrations of different heavy metals were as decreasing order of Fe>Cr>Zn>Pd>Ni>Cd>Cu and Fe>Cr>Zn>Pd>Ni>Cu>Cd respectively. In case of roots and edible parts of vegetables, except Cu and Ni all other heavy metal concentrations were higher than permissible limit. The HRI values of Cd, Cr, Fe, Pb and Zn were greater than 1 which indicated that contaminated vegetables were awfully detrimental to human health. Therefore, soil contamination as well as the heavy metal uptake into human body should be preven ted to avoid the health risk caused by heavy metal.
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Several low cost biomaterials such as plant leaf and bark were tested for removal of Chromium (Cr... more Several low cost biomaterials such as plant leaf and bark were tested for removal of Chromium (Cr). All the experiments were carried out in batch process with bio-adsorbents and waste water. Effect of initial Cr concentration , adsorbent dose, and contact time on removal of Cr from effluents were also investigated. The percentages of Cr were removed about 90.93% with Eucalyptus plant bark 93.21% with Tamarind indica bark, 82.64% with Mangifera indica bark, 90.21% with Azadirachta indica leaf and 86.20% with Platanus orientalis leaf. Total dissolve solid (TDS), turbidity and conductivity of effluents also significantly reduced. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies indicates the nature of the bio-adsorbents. The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by Langmuir model. The outcome of this study indicates that Tamarind indica bark, Eucalyptus plant bark, and Azadirachta indica leaf can be successfully used for the treatment of chrome tanning waste water.
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This study illustrates the process of removal of chromium from chrome tanning waste-water by fly ... more This study illustrates the process of removal of chromium from chrome tanning waste-water by fly ash which was drive from chrome shaving dust. This experiment was carried out in a batch process with laboratory prepared adsorbent samples and chrome tanning water collected from local tanneries. The influence of various factors likes adsorbent doses, contact time, and initial concentration of chromium on the removal of chromium from effluent was investigated. FTIR analysis was done to identify the functional groups presents in the fly ash. The maximum removal of chromium and absorption capacity was found to be 97.86%. And 23.11 mg/g at chromium concentration of 1000.3mg/ l and 1291 mg/l respectively. Total dissolve solid, turbidity, and conductivity were reduced significantly. Waste water samples containing several interfering ions like Na, Fe, Ca, Zn, Mn etc. The langmuir absorption isotherm was also used to explain the nature of adsorption. This result indicates that chrome shaving dust ash can be successfully used to treat chrome tanning wastewater.
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This study was based on to determine the concentration of macro and micro nutrients as well as to... more This study was based on to determine the concentration of macro and micro nutrients as well as toxic and nontoxic heavy metals present in the chicken feed available in Dhaka city of Bangladesh. All macro nutrients, if present in the feed at high concentration have some adverse effect, at the same time if this nutrient present in the feed at low concentration this have some adverse effect too. So that this nutrient level should be maintained at a marginal level. On the other side toxic heavy metals if present in the feed at very low concentration those can contaminate the total environment of the ecosystem. In this study six brand samples (starter, grower, finisher and layer) which was collected from different renowned chicken feed formulation industry in Bangladesh. Those samples were prepared for analysis by wet-ashing and then metals were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. It was found that 27.7 to 68.4, 57.3 to 121.9, 0.21 to 4.1, 0.32 to 2.1, 0.11 to 1.58, 0.28 to 2.11 and 0.28 to 1.78 for zinc, iron, copper, mercury, cadmium, nickel and cobalt respectively. It was found that essential macro and micro nutrients were present in the feed in low concentration on the other side mercury was present in high concentration in the feed samples.
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This study illustrates the process of removal of chromium from chrome tanning waste-water by fly ... more This study illustrates the process of removal of chromium from chrome tanning waste-water by fly ash which was drive from chrome shaving dust. This experiment was carried out in a batch process with laboratory prepared adsorbent samples and chrome tanning water collected from local tanneries. The influence of various factors likes adsorbent doses, contact time, and initial concentration of chromium on the removal of chromium from effluent was investigated. FTIR analysis was done to identify the functional groups presents in the fly ash. The maximum removal of chromium and absorption capacity was found to be 97.86%. And 23.11 mg/g at chromium concentration of 1000.3mg/ l and 1291 mg/l respectively. Total dissolve solid, turbidity, and conductivity were reduced significantly. Waste water samples containing several interfering ions like Na, Fe, Ca, Zn, Mn etc. The langmuir absorption isotherm was also used to explain the nature of adsorption. This result indicates that chrome shaving dust ash can be successfully used to treat chrome tanning wastewater.
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Leather industry one of the polluting industries because of the generation of the large amount li... more Leather industry one of the polluting industries because of the generation of the large amount liquid and solid waste. Chrome shaving dust is one of the hazardous pollutant come out of tannery process. Treatment of chrome shaving dust is not cost effective and economic burden to the tannery. In our study we use acid and alkali to extract, chromium from chrome shaving dust. Recovery of chromium ranging from 7.87 to 70.09%. Chromium concentration was measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The objective of this study is to treat and the recovery of chromium from chrome shaving dust.
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The tannery effluent containing chromium is discharged from tannery industries of Hazaribagh to t... more The tannery effluent containing chromium is discharged from tannery industries of Hazaribagh to the nearest river, Buriganga. So reducing of chromium content of tannery wastes is very important for the protection of the water of Buriganga river and the aquatic environment. This paper analyzes the process of reducing the intensity of chromium in tannery effluent by using low-cost adsorbents. Five types of adsorbent were used-rice husk, sawdust, banana peel, orange peel, sugar cane. Adsorption is more efficient & cost effective technique for the removal of heavy metals from waste water. [12]Not only the chrome tanning but also other operations leather processing is also responsible for high rate of chromium content in tannery effluent. But the higher amount of chromium near about 87% can be removed by using low-cost adsorbents.
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The poultry industry is a rising sector in Bangladesh. A large amount of poultry feed needs of th... more The poultry industry is a rising sector in Bangladesh. A large amount of poultry feed needs of this sector. Poultry feeds consist of various types of elements. This study carried out on 18 samples, including 4 samples from the local meat bone production process, 2 mixed meat bone, 8 foreign feed samples, 4 final poultry feed samples and samples to bring out the real cycle of chromium toxicity. AAS flame method was used to determine the chromium (Cr) concentration. The chromium concentration was determined from 7225 mg/kg to BDL in meat bone and 148.5 to BDL in processed feed and also some foreign meat bone. This chromium can easily enter the human food chain through an edible portion of poultry. Therefore, the health of the consumer is in the threat.
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This study was undertaken to assess the level of heavy metals and the extent of pollution in surf... more This study was undertaken to assess the level of heavy metals and the extent of pollution in surface water, sediment and fishes of Buriganga River near the discharge point of tannery effluents. Water, sediment and two species of fish samples were collected by typical process. Those Samples were analyzed to determine the heavy metal content by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). Accumulation levels in fish were then compared with the concentration levels of fishes collected from the local market. In Heteropneustes fossilis (Stinging catfish) average bioaccumulations of Cr, Pb, Cd, and Zn were varied from 437.85 to 8.4 mg/kg, 26.3 mg/kg to Below Detection Limit (BDL), 2.75 to 0.05 mg/kg and 338.5 to 29.7 mg/kg in dry weight respectively. While in Channa punctata (Spotted snakehead) average bioaccumulations of Cr, Pb, Cd, and Zn were varied from 81.05 to 1.35 mg/kg, 27.75 to 1.6 mg/kg, 2.9 to 0.4 mg/kg and 244 to 67 mg/kg in dry weight respectively. Mean concentration of metals in sediments were; Cr-271.6, Pb-16.02, Cd-0.43 and Zn-54 mg/kg in dry weight and in water these levels were Cr-0.285, Pb-0.056, Cd-0.002 and Zn-0.757 mg/L. Amongst the Heavy metals Cr recorded the highest concentration in the head of H. fossilis with a value of 437.85 mg/kg and Cd recorded the lowest in water with a value of 0.002 mg/L. This study was intended to evaluate the effects of tannery effluents on aquatic life and water quality at the discharged point of tannery effluents. Cr content which mainly comes from the tannery effluents was found excessively high in the Fishes of Buriganga River than that of Local Market in this study. These findings indicate a major threat to human health as the concentration of heavy metals was higher than the WHO approved standard level.
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Leather processing involves transformation of putrescible animal hides and skin into non putresci... more Leather processing involves transformation of putrescible animal hides and skin into non putrescible leather. Leather industry generates a huge amount of solid waste containing chromium. These solid wastes were disposed of through land filling which causes leaching out of in soil and water. Now a day increasing environmental legislations have encouraged tannery industry to develop a new technology. In this study, we incinerated chrome shaving dust at 500oC to 7000C for chromium extraction. Various oxidizing acids with different concentration were used for chromium extraction. Extracted chromium was measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Recovery of chromium was in the range of 297 mg/L to 222 mg/L. Nitric acid extracted maximum amount of chromium while sulfuric acid extracted minimum amount of chromium.
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This research was conducted to bring out the appropriate level of heavy metal contamination in so... more This research was conducted to bring out the appropriate level of heavy metal contamination in soil at the site of Buriganga river bank near the Hazaribagh tannery area and the normal agricultural area to evaluate heavy metal contamination in soil due to untreated tannery effluents. AAS flame method was used to determine the concentration of Chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn) in several depths of the soil. Results showed that, the heavy metal concentration in soil at the site of Buriganga river bank in the tannery vicinity and normal agricultural area significantly varies, such as Cr varies (561.71-31.23) mg/kg, Zn varies (158.23-73.5), Pb varies (70.58-24) and Cd varies (2.25-0.71) mg/kg in the river bank as well as in the normal agricultural area Cr varies (27.869-24.5416) mg/kg, Zn varies (134.167-28), Pb varies (25.76-22.49) and Cd varies (1.30-0.64) mg/kg. The study indicated that heavy metals concentration was found to be significantly higher in river bank soils than in the normal agricultural area. This metal concentration in soil is responsible for the promotion of toxicity in agricultural products. Therefore, the human health and environment are affected by these areas.
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Conference Presentations by ASHIQUR RAHAMAN
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In this study, we evaluated the level of trace metals in the soil of heavily loaded tannery and b... more In this study, we evaluated the level of trace metals in the soil of heavily loaded tannery and battery industry area on the bank of the Buriganga River, Dhaka, Bangladesh in order to investigate their translocation to the locally grown vegetables and potential health risk of the local consumers. Concentrations of various metals in agricultural soil and in a number of vegetables such as; Red amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus), Spinach (Spanacia oleracea), Jute leaf (Corchorus capsularies), Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), Mustard green (Brassica juncea) and Water spinach (Impomoea aquatica) were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The content of chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in the soil was around 500, 50, 50, 40, 0.8 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. Cr and Pb were found in the locally grown vegetables around 20 and 0.5 mg/kg respectively, which are higher than the permissible limit of them (2 mg/kg for Cr and 0.3 mg/kg for Pb) in vegetables as recommended by FAO/WHO and the data confirm the translocation of the metals from the soil to the vegetables. Hazard index value of all the vegetables considered was above 1, which indicates that the people could experience severe health risk due to consumption of any of those vegetables. Total cancer risk (TCR) value was obtained for Cr, Ni and Pb content in the local vegetables and it was observed that the value was around 1 × 10 −3 for all of the sample vegetables. The high TCR values (higher than the USEPA threshold level of 1 × 10 −6) indicate that there is a potential cancer risk due to intake of vegetables grown in that area.
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This study was adopted to investigate the removal of Cr(III) and other physicochemical parameters... more This study was adopted to investigate the removal of Cr(III) and other physicochemical parameters of chrome tan wastewater. For this purpose, three precipitating agents, CaCO 3 , NaHCO 3 , and MgO, were used to treat chrome tan wastewater. After treatment, it was found, in three different dose trials, that each agent removed almost 97-99.5 % of chromium. At the same time, it was observed that with the increase of doses, removal percentage of TDS, conductivity, and turbidity of effluent were reduced. In the case of NaHCO 3 and CaCO 3 , Cr(III) removal percentage at optimum pH was found to be 99.97% and 99.95% respectively, whereas the maximum removal percentage for MgO was found to be 99.98%. The NaHCO 3 and CaCO 3 were found to be comparable to MgO for Cr(III) removal from chrome tan wastewater. The recovered chromium concentration in the sludge for NaHCO 3 and CaCO 3 were also similar to that of MgO. This research suggests that these two precipitating agents can be used in the same way as MgO, for Cr removal and recovery treatments. Moreover, this recovered chromium can be reused, thus reducing the environmental pollution.
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This study was adopted to investigate the removal of Cr(III) and other physicochemical parameters... more This study was adopted to investigate the removal of Cr(III) and other physicochemical parameters of chrome tan wastewater. For this purpose, three precipitating agents, CaCO 3 , NaHCO 3 , and MgO, were used to treat chrome tan wastewater. After treatment, it was found, in three different dose trials, that each agent removed almost 97-99.5 % of chromium. At the same time, it was observed that with the increase of doses, removal percentage of TDS, conductivity, and turbidity of effluent were reduced. In the case of NaHCO 3 and CaCO 3 , Cr(III) removal percentage at optimum pH was found to be 99.97% and 99.95% respectively, whereas the maximum removal percentage for MgO was found to be 99.98%. The NaHCO 3 and CaCO 3 were found to be comparable to MgO for Cr(III) removal from chrome tan wastewater. The recovered chromium concentration in the sludge for NaHCO 3 and CaCO 3 were also similar to that of MgO. This research suggests that these two precipitating agents can be used in the same way as MgO, for Cr removal and recovery treatments. Moreover, this recovered chromium can be reused, thus reducing the environmental pollution.
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This study had been conducted using low-cost agricultural waste to remove chromium and other para... more This study had been conducted using low-cost agricultural waste to remove chromium and other parameters from tannery effluents. Orange peel and tea waste were used as bioadsorbent for this study; the findings were then compared with that of commercially activated carbon. The nature of these Bio-adsorbent was examined using Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) technique. The maximum adsorption capacity for tea waste and orange peel were 11.25 mg/g and for 10.83 mg/g. Characterization of the effluents was done both before and after treatments. The result represents the maximum removal percentage of TDS 97.13, Turbidity 99.7, conductivity 97.5 and chromium 97.63. The order of adsorption activated carbon> tea waste> orange peel. Tea waste has better removal ability to remove chromium than orange peel, although in the case of conductivity and Total dissolved solid (TDS) orange peel is better. The aim of this research involves implementation of low cost agricultural waste for the purpose of tannery effluent treatment.
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This study was conducted for assessment of human health risks due to intake of heavy metal cont a... more This study was conducted for assessment of human health risks due to intake of heavy metal cont aminated vegetables through determination of the heavy metals' concentrations in soil and vegetables grown on it nearby Buriganga River, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Flame Atomi c Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) was used to determine the concentrations of heavy metals. Moreover, Health Risk Index (HRI) of heavy metals was also calculated. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in soil were found in the decreasing order of Fe>Cr>Zn> Ni>Cu>Pb>Cd but in the case of roots and edible parts of vegetables, the mean concentrations of different heavy metals were as decreasing order of Fe>Cr>Zn>Pd>Ni>Cd>Cu and Fe>Cr>Zn>Pd>Ni>Cu>Cd respectively. In case of roots and edible parts of vegetables, except Cu and Ni all other heavy metal concentrations were higher than permissible limit. The HRI values of Cd, Cr, Fe, Pb and Zn were greater than 1 which indicated that contaminated vegetables were awfully detrimental to human health. Therefore, soil contamination as well as the heavy metal uptake into human body should be preven ted to avoid the health risk caused by heavy metal.
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Several low cost biomaterials such as plant leaf and bark were tested for removal of Chromium (Cr... more Several low cost biomaterials such as plant leaf and bark were tested for removal of Chromium (Cr). All the experiments were carried out in batch process with bio-adsorbents and waste water. Effect of initial Cr concentration , adsorbent dose, and contact time on removal of Cr from effluents were also investigated. The percentages of Cr were removed about 90.93% with Eucalyptus plant bark 93.21% with Tamarind indica bark, 82.64% with Mangifera indica bark, 90.21% with Azadirachta indica leaf and 86.20% with Platanus orientalis leaf. Total dissolve solid (TDS), turbidity and conductivity of effluents also significantly reduced. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies indicates the nature of the bio-adsorbents. The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by Langmuir model. The outcome of this study indicates that Tamarind indica bark, Eucalyptus plant bark, and Azadirachta indica leaf can be successfully used for the treatment of chrome tanning waste water.
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This study illustrates the process of removal of chromium from chrome tanning waste-water by fly ... more This study illustrates the process of removal of chromium from chrome tanning waste-water by fly ash which was drive from chrome shaving dust. This experiment was carried out in a batch process with laboratory prepared adsorbent samples and chrome tanning water collected from local tanneries. The influence of various factors likes adsorbent doses, contact time, and initial concentration of chromium on the removal of chromium from effluent was investigated. FTIR analysis was done to identify the functional groups presents in the fly ash. The maximum removal of chromium and absorption capacity was found to be 97.86%. And 23.11 mg/g at chromium concentration of 1000.3mg/ l and 1291 mg/l respectively. Total dissolve solid, turbidity, and conductivity were reduced significantly. Waste water samples containing several interfering ions like Na, Fe, Ca, Zn, Mn etc. The langmuir absorption isotherm was also used to explain the nature of adsorption. This result indicates that chrome shaving dust ash can be successfully used to treat chrome tanning wastewater.
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This study was based on to determine the concentration of macro and micro nutrients as well as to... more This study was based on to determine the concentration of macro and micro nutrients as well as toxic and nontoxic heavy metals present in the chicken feed available in Dhaka city of Bangladesh. All macro nutrients, if present in the feed at high concentration have some adverse effect, at the same time if this nutrient present in the feed at low concentration this have some adverse effect too. So that this nutrient level should be maintained at a marginal level. On the other side toxic heavy metals if present in the feed at very low concentration those can contaminate the total environment of the ecosystem. In this study six brand samples (starter, grower, finisher and layer) which was collected from different renowned chicken feed formulation industry in Bangladesh. Those samples were prepared for analysis by wet-ashing and then metals were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. It was found that 27.7 to 68.4, 57.3 to 121.9, 0.21 to 4.1, 0.32 to 2.1, 0.11 to 1.58, 0.28 to 2.11 and 0.28 to 1.78 for zinc, iron, copper, mercury, cadmium, nickel and cobalt respectively. It was found that essential macro and micro nutrients were present in the feed in low concentration on the other side mercury was present in high concentration in the feed samples.
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This study illustrates the process of removal of chromium from chrome tanning waste-water by fly ... more This study illustrates the process of removal of chromium from chrome tanning waste-water by fly ash which was drive from chrome shaving dust. This experiment was carried out in a batch process with laboratory prepared adsorbent samples and chrome tanning water collected from local tanneries. The influence of various factors likes adsorbent doses, contact time, and initial concentration of chromium on the removal of chromium from effluent was investigated. FTIR analysis was done to identify the functional groups presents in the fly ash. The maximum removal of chromium and absorption capacity was found to be 97.86%. And 23.11 mg/g at chromium concentration of 1000.3mg/ l and 1291 mg/l respectively. Total dissolve solid, turbidity, and conductivity were reduced significantly. Waste water samples containing several interfering ions like Na, Fe, Ca, Zn, Mn etc. The langmuir absorption isotherm was also used to explain the nature of adsorption. This result indicates that chrome shaving dust ash can be successfully used to treat chrome tanning wastewater.
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Leather industry one of the polluting industries because of the generation of the large amount li... more Leather industry one of the polluting industries because of the generation of the large amount liquid and solid waste. Chrome shaving dust is one of the hazardous pollutant come out of tannery process. Treatment of chrome shaving dust is not cost effective and economic burden to the tannery. In our study we use acid and alkali to extract, chromium from chrome shaving dust. Recovery of chromium ranging from 7.87 to 70.09%. Chromium concentration was measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The objective of this study is to treat and the recovery of chromium from chrome shaving dust.
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The tannery effluent containing chromium is discharged from tannery industries of Hazaribagh to t... more The tannery effluent containing chromium is discharged from tannery industries of Hazaribagh to the nearest river, Buriganga. So reducing of chromium content of tannery wastes is very important for the protection of the water of Buriganga river and the aquatic environment. This paper analyzes the process of reducing the intensity of chromium in tannery effluent by using low-cost adsorbents. Five types of adsorbent were used-rice husk, sawdust, banana peel, orange peel, sugar cane. Adsorption is more efficient & cost effective technique for the removal of heavy metals from waste water. [12]Not only the chrome tanning but also other operations leather processing is also responsible for high rate of chromium content in tannery effluent. But the higher amount of chromium near about 87% can be removed by using low-cost adsorbents.
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The poultry industry is a rising sector in Bangladesh. A large amount of poultry feed needs of th... more The poultry industry is a rising sector in Bangladesh. A large amount of poultry feed needs of this sector. Poultry feeds consist of various types of elements. This study carried out on 18 samples, including 4 samples from the local meat bone production process, 2 mixed meat bone, 8 foreign feed samples, 4 final poultry feed samples and samples to bring out the real cycle of chromium toxicity. AAS flame method was used to determine the chromium (Cr) concentration. The chromium concentration was determined from 7225 mg/kg to BDL in meat bone and 148.5 to BDL in processed feed and also some foreign meat bone. This chromium can easily enter the human food chain through an edible portion of poultry. Therefore, the health of the consumer is in the threat.
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This study was undertaken to assess the level of heavy metals and the extent of pollution in surf... more This study was undertaken to assess the level of heavy metals and the extent of pollution in surface water, sediment and fishes of Buriganga River near the discharge point of tannery effluents. Water, sediment and two species of fish samples were collected by typical process. Those Samples were analyzed to determine the heavy metal content by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). Accumulation levels in fish were then compared with the concentration levels of fishes collected from the local market. In Heteropneustes fossilis (Stinging catfish) average bioaccumulations of Cr, Pb, Cd, and Zn were varied from 437.85 to 8.4 mg/kg, 26.3 mg/kg to Below Detection Limit (BDL), 2.75 to 0.05 mg/kg and 338.5 to 29.7 mg/kg in dry weight respectively. While in Channa punctata (Spotted snakehead) average bioaccumulations of Cr, Pb, Cd, and Zn were varied from 81.05 to 1.35 mg/kg, 27.75 to 1.6 mg/kg, 2.9 to 0.4 mg/kg and 244 to 67 mg/kg in dry weight respectively. Mean concentration of metals in sediments were; Cr-271.6, Pb-16.02, Cd-0.43 and Zn-54 mg/kg in dry weight and in water these levels were Cr-0.285, Pb-0.056, Cd-0.002 and Zn-0.757 mg/L. Amongst the Heavy metals Cr recorded the highest concentration in the head of H. fossilis with a value of 437.85 mg/kg and Cd recorded the lowest in water with a value of 0.002 mg/L. This study was intended to evaluate the effects of tannery effluents on aquatic life and water quality at the discharged point of tannery effluents. Cr content which mainly comes from the tannery effluents was found excessively high in the Fishes of Buriganga River than that of Local Market in this study. These findings indicate a major threat to human health as the concentration of heavy metals was higher than the WHO approved standard level.
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Leather processing involves transformation of putrescible animal hides and skin into non putresci... more Leather processing involves transformation of putrescible animal hides and skin into non putrescible leather. Leather industry generates a huge amount of solid waste containing chromium. These solid wastes were disposed of through land filling which causes leaching out of in soil and water. Now a day increasing environmental legislations have encouraged tannery industry to develop a new technology. In this study, we incinerated chrome shaving dust at 500oC to 7000C for chromium extraction. Various oxidizing acids with different concentration were used for chromium extraction. Extracted chromium was measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Recovery of chromium was in the range of 297 mg/L to 222 mg/L. Nitric acid extracted maximum amount of chromium while sulfuric acid extracted minimum amount of chromium.
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This research was conducted to bring out the appropriate level of heavy metal contamination in so... more This research was conducted to bring out the appropriate level of heavy metal contamination in soil at the site of Buriganga river bank near the Hazaribagh tannery area and the normal agricultural area to evaluate heavy metal contamination in soil due to untreated tannery effluents. AAS flame method was used to determine the concentration of Chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn) in several depths of the soil. Results showed that, the heavy metal concentration in soil at the site of Buriganga river bank in the tannery vicinity and normal agricultural area significantly varies, such as Cr varies (561.71-31.23) mg/kg, Zn varies (158.23-73.5), Pb varies (70.58-24) and Cd varies (2.25-0.71) mg/kg in the river bank as well as in the normal agricultural area Cr varies (27.869-24.5416) mg/kg, Zn varies (134.167-28), Pb varies (25.76-22.49) and Cd varies (1.30-0.64) mg/kg. The study indicated that heavy metals concentration was found to be significantly higher in river bank soils than in the normal agricultural area. This metal concentration in soil is responsible for the promotion of toxicity in agricultural products. Therefore, the human health and environment are affected by these areas.
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