Abdul Azeem - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Abdul Azeem

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2019

Three (3)-phase voltage source inverters are extensively used for different applications requirin... more Three (3)-phase voltage source inverters are extensively used for different applications requiring high power. A three (3)-phase voltage source inverter circuit changes DC input voltage into a three (3)-phase AC voltage having variable frequency. The fundamental output voltage can be controlled by controlling the width of the pulses. This is done by pulse width modulation. The sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) technique is one of the most popular PWM techniques for harmonic reduction of inverters. Third-harmonic injection technique is also used to reduce harmonic contents of the output voltage and to enhance the utilization of the DC bus that is being unused in sine PWM technique. 120° and 180° conduction of two-level inverter are also done in this paper. This concept has been verified in MATLAB®/Simulink environment and also validated experimentally.

2018 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES), 2018

In this paper, grid connected operation of the solar photovoltaic system using the recently intro... more In this paper, grid connected operation of the solar photovoltaic system using the recently introduced Packed U-Cell five (PUC-5) level inverter and SEPIC converter is studied, designed and analyzed. Grid connected operation is taken into consideration keeping in view the large-scale solar PV rooftop integration to the grid presently being done in India. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) Government of India has initiative to promote the rooftop solar PV grid connected system to produce the green and clean energy along with enhancing grid capacity. A dc to dc SEPIC converter topology is designed to regulate the output voltage of solar PV array. Unlike the other multilevel inverter topologies like cascaded h-bridge (CHB), neutral point clamped (NPC) and flying capacitor (FC), PUC inverter comprises least number of active and passive device for same number of output levels. The system is modeled in the MATLAB®/Simulink environment using the Waaree energies WSM-315 modules to feed the 2kW power into the grid. To optimize the output of the solar PV system, incremental conductance (INC) maximum power point tracking algorithm is used. Simulation and experimental results are shown and discussed in the paper.

2018 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES), 2018

Rapid exploration in the Renewable Energy Systems (RES) has augmented the way in which many Distr... more Rapid exploration in the Renewable Energy Systems (RES) has augmented the way in which many Distributed Generation (DG) plants can be unified with the conventional plants. Voltage Source Inverters are used for integrating these DGs and pose several challenges related to power quality, exchange of active and reactive power, power factor, reactive power compensation and many more which needs to be addressed. This paper presents the design and analysis of Model Predictive Control (MPC) applied to the grid tied seven level Packed U Cell (PUC) inverter regulating the exchange of active and reactive power on the grid side. Reference current is generated using the d-q transformation for the decoupled control of active and reactive power. MPC appears to be a very promising control scheme for grid-connected inverters. Simulations are performed in the MATLAB®/Simulink environment and the results are validated on the experimental setup using TI 28335 DSP Board.

IECON 2018 - 44th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2018

Torque pulsations and harmonics are the problems in the three phase system drives systems. But, i... more Torque pulsations and harmonics are the problems in the three phase system drives systems. But, in higher phase system, smooth operation of the machines with greater power capacity takes place. Many applications like electric traction, more electric aircraft, more electric ships, conveyor belt drive system etc. uses five phase variable-speed induction motor drives. In this work, a comparative analysis of the modulation schemes such as IPD, POD and APOD in triangular carrier waves applied on the five level five phase PUC inverter fed induction motor drives is presented. Different parameters were analyzed and reported in the paper. The simulation is performed in MATLAB®/Simulink environment and the results obtained are reported and discussed in the paper.

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2019

CAN is a multi-master standard bus interface commonly utilized for transferring the information a... more CAN is a multi-master standard bus interface commonly utilized for transferring the information among electronic control units (ECU’s). Fault occurrence in CAN system makes complexity in the data transmission between devices and affects the efficiency of vehicle. Wire faults occur at irregular intervals are not easy to detect and locate in the CAN bus. This paper proposes a method for detecting the open and short wire fault using Kelvin four-wire resistance method in order to reduce approximately 20% of measurement error compared to the existing two-wire resistance measurements and (time-domain reflectometry) TDR approaches. This proposed approach is implemented using Arduino-based CAN controller in order to test the system etiquette. The predetermined threshold resistance values are utilized in detection of open and short wire faults, while the amplitude and time intervals of the reflected signals are used in locating the faults through TDR approach. This proposed system is inexpen...

Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2019

In this paper, a performance comparison of three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter using... more In this paper, a performance comparison of three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter using different modulation schemes are presented. Different level shifted carrier based PWM schemes and space vector modulation scheme for three-level NPC inverter is modeled and analyzed. The performance analysis is presented in order to understand its interaction with solar photo-voltaic (SPV) system. The power quality of the inverter output is compared using total harmonic distortion (THD). The whole system comprises a solar PV array (Waaree Energies WSM- 315), a boost converter (operated at MPPT using incremental conductance technique), a multi-level inverter (NPC), and a three-phase load (R and L). Then, the system is modeled in MATLAB®/ Simulink and the results obtained are presented and discussed in this paper.

2018 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES), 2018

In this paper, new harmonic reduction scheme by using the genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed for ... more In this paper, new harmonic reduction scheme by using the genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed for single phase modified Packed U-Cell (MPUC-5) five-level inverter. Packed U-Cell multilevel inverter was first introduced in 2011 and since then many switching sequences have been proposed for obtaining different levels of output voltage, with overall reduction in harmonic content from output voltage waveform. In this paper, the authors have tried to obtain the optimum switching angles to reduce the output harmonics by applying genetic algorithm. Genetic algorithm is nature inspiring optimization technique, which works on the principle of heredity, evolution and Darwin’s theory of survival of the fittest. Genetic algorithm evolves iteration by iteration and gives better and better results and finally converges to optimum result as per our requirements. This concept is verified in MATLAB®/Simulink environment and is also validated experimentally using the TI-28335 DSP.

Electrica, 2019

Conflict of Interest Declarations Electrica requires and encourages the authors and the individua... more Conflict of Interest Declarations Electrica requires and encourages the authors and the individuals involved in the evaluation process of submitted manuscripts to disclose any existing or potential conflicts of interests, including financial, consultant, and institutional, that might lead to potential bias or a conflict of interest. Any financial grants or other support received for a submitted study from individuals or institutions should be disclosed to the Editorial Board. Cases of a potential conflict of interest of the editors, authors, or reviewers are resolved by the journal's Editorial Board within the scope of COPE guidelines.

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2011

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

The concept of multilevel inverter arrived from the conventional two-level inverter. Two-level in... more The concept of multilevel inverter arrived from the conventional two-level inverter. Two-level inverter is not suitable for the high-power, medium-voltage, and high-voltage industrial and commercial application. Multilevel inverters fulfill the above requirement. Control of multilevel inverter is done by adjusting the time average of their voltage levels. Generally, this is performed by pulse-width modulation (PWM) techniques. Output performance in terms of the power quality, common mode voltage, etc., greatly depends on the types of the modulation schemes applied. The aim of this paper is to present the different carrier-based modulation schemes that are available in the literature for five-level inverter. The detailed mathematical analysis of modulation techniques is presented to better understand the five-level inverter.

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

Mathematical modeling also gives the information about designing of controller. The analysis and ... more Mathematical modeling also gives the information about designing of controller. The analysis and different application of PUC inverter such as inverter, rectifier, STATCOM and voltage controllers are given here. A brief review on PUC inverter for single phase operation, mathematical modeling and switching scheme is also presented. It has been shown that PUC inverter topology is preferable than the conventional multilevel inverter in terms of device counts.

Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing

The importance of multilevel inverter is increasing continuously in recent decades from medium to... more The importance of multilevel inverter is increasing continuously in recent decades from medium to high-level power conversion systems. Packed U-Cell MLI introduced recently is gaining increasing attention due to the reducing device count, lower THD and better power quality. Packed U-Cell has lesser number of devices to generate the same number of levels in the output voltages as compared to the other reduced device count MLI’s reported in the literature. This paper focusses on seven level PUC inverter, which has been practically realised in many works. The basic operation, along with modulation strategies reported in the literature, has been presented. The later part of the paper deals with a detailed review regarding the control strategies, their implementation, and discussion on the future scope of the said inverter topology.

IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering

In this letter, constraints solving of selective harmonic elimination equation using minimum numb... more In this letter, constraints solving of selective harmonic elimination equation using minimum number of switching pulses for modified packed U-cell five-level inverter is employed, and the optimum angles for total harmonic distortion (THD) reduction are found using genetic algorithm (GA). The novel constraints-based GA algorithm is applied in this work, which eliminates the third and its higher orders and fifth harmonic in the output voltage waveform. The obtained results are compared with the those of conventional approach wherein the THD obtained for each order is displayed.

International Journal of Energy and Water Resources

Multiphase power electronic converters are gaining more popularity nowadays. Three-phase system i... more Multiphase power electronic converters are gaining more popularity nowadays. Three-phase system is not enough to produce smooth torque in industrial application. So systems that have more than three phases are gaining popularity due to their smooth torque and more power than the three-phase systems for the same phase voltage and current. Selection of even number of phases is generally avoided because it degrades motor performance due to the coincidence of motor poles with each other. This paper deals with carrier-based pulse width modulation techniques with the third-harmonic and fifth-harmonic injections in three-phase and five-phase five-level packed U-cell (PUC) inverter. Harmonic injection gives improvement in DC bus utilization without going into the overmodulation region. The viability of this concept is verified by MATLAB/Simulink by taking the three-phase and five-phase VSI as an example. The relation between the three-phase and five-phase voltage and power is analyzed and verified mathematically. The PUC inverter comprises the least number of device count, so it can be a good option for multiphase application in industrial drives.

CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics and Applications

An evaluation of level shifted and phase shifted triangular and sawtooth carrier modulation schem... more An evaluation of level shifted and phase shifted triangular and sawtooth carrier modulation schemes for a seven level packed U cell (PUC) inverter is presented in this paper. The investigated PUC is the recently introduced topology for multilevel inverter having reduced switch count in comparison to the conventional topologies of multilevel inverters. The PUC inverter has six switches for 7 level inverter which is very less in comparison to the conventional topologies. In this paper, the level-shifted pulse width modulation (LS-PWM) and phase-shifted PWM (PS-PWM) for triangular and sawtooth carrier are presented and compared. A comparative harmonic analysis for all the cases is performed and results are presented in the paper. The difference in harmonics of the two modulation methods given by the theoretical approach for both the carrier is validated by the experimental results. DC voltage controller and load current controller of the PUC inverter are also designed and presented. The investigated PUC topology is tested in dynamic and steady state conditions and results obtained are presented. The analysis is done and validated using simulation in MATLAB ® Simulink environment and experimental approaches using FPGA platform.

Optical Materials, 1999

A new method for calculating the optical basicity, electronic polarizability and oxygen electrone... more A new method for calculating the optical basicity, electronic polarizability and oxygen electronegativity of oxides and oxysalts has been evaluated based on the concept of average electronegativity given by Asokamani and Manjula. The estimated parameters ...

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2019

Three (3)-phase voltage source inverters are extensively used for different applications requirin... more Three (3)-phase voltage source inverters are extensively used for different applications requiring high power. A three (3)-phase voltage source inverter circuit changes DC input voltage into a three (3)-phase AC voltage having variable frequency. The fundamental output voltage can be controlled by controlling the width of the pulses. This is done by pulse width modulation. The sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) technique is one of the most popular PWM techniques for harmonic reduction of inverters. Third-harmonic injection technique is also used to reduce harmonic contents of the output voltage and to enhance the utilization of the DC bus that is being unused in sine PWM technique. 120° and 180° conduction of two-level inverter are also done in this paper. This concept has been verified in MATLAB®/Simulink environment and also validated experimentally.

2018 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES), 2018

In this paper, grid connected operation of the solar photovoltaic system using the recently intro... more In this paper, grid connected operation of the solar photovoltaic system using the recently introduced Packed U-Cell five (PUC-5) level inverter and SEPIC converter is studied, designed and analyzed. Grid connected operation is taken into consideration keeping in view the large-scale solar PV rooftop integration to the grid presently being done in India. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) Government of India has initiative to promote the rooftop solar PV grid connected system to produce the green and clean energy along with enhancing grid capacity. A dc to dc SEPIC converter topology is designed to regulate the output voltage of solar PV array. Unlike the other multilevel inverter topologies like cascaded h-bridge (CHB), neutral point clamped (NPC) and flying capacitor (FC), PUC inverter comprises least number of active and passive device for same number of output levels. The system is modeled in the MATLAB®/Simulink environment using the Waaree energies WSM-315 modules to feed the 2kW power into the grid. To optimize the output of the solar PV system, incremental conductance (INC) maximum power point tracking algorithm is used. Simulation and experimental results are shown and discussed in the paper.

2018 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES), 2018

Rapid exploration in the Renewable Energy Systems (RES) has augmented the way in which many Distr... more Rapid exploration in the Renewable Energy Systems (RES) has augmented the way in which many Distributed Generation (DG) plants can be unified with the conventional plants. Voltage Source Inverters are used for integrating these DGs and pose several challenges related to power quality, exchange of active and reactive power, power factor, reactive power compensation and many more which needs to be addressed. This paper presents the design and analysis of Model Predictive Control (MPC) applied to the grid tied seven level Packed U Cell (PUC) inverter regulating the exchange of active and reactive power on the grid side. Reference current is generated using the d-q transformation for the decoupled control of active and reactive power. MPC appears to be a very promising control scheme for grid-connected inverters. Simulations are performed in the MATLAB®/Simulink environment and the results are validated on the experimental setup using TI 28335 DSP Board.

IECON 2018 - 44th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2018

Torque pulsations and harmonics are the problems in the three phase system drives systems. But, i... more Torque pulsations and harmonics are the problems in the three phase system drives systems. But, in higher phase system, smooth operation of the machines with greater power capacity takes place. Many applications like electric traction, more electric aircraft, more electric ships, conveyor belt drive system etc. uses five phase variable-speed induction motor drives. In this work, a comparative analysis of the modulation schemes such as IPD, POD and APOD in triangular carrier waves applied on the five level five phase PUC inverter fed induction motor drives is presented. Different parameters were analyzed and reported in the paper. The simulation is performed in MATLAB®/Simulink environment and the results obtained are reported and discussed in the paper.

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2019

CAN is a multi-master standard bus interface commonly utilized for transferring the information a... more CAN is a multi-master standard bus interface commonly utilized for transferring the information among electronic control units (ECU’s). Fault occurrence in CAN system makes complexity in the data transmission between devices and affects the efficiency of vehicle. Wire faults occur at irregular intervals are not easy to detect and locate in the CAN bus. This paper proposes a method for detecting the open and short wire fault using Kelvin four-wire resistance method in order to reduce approximately 20% of measurement error compared to the existing two-wire resistance measurements and (time-domain reflectometry) TDR approaches. This proposed approach is implemented using Arduino-based CAN controller in order to test the system etiquette. The predetermined threshold resistance values are utilized in detection of open and short wire faults, while the amplitude and time intervals of the reflected signals are used in locating the faults through TDR approach. This proposed system is inexpen...

Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2019

In this paper, a performance comparison of three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter using... more In this paper, a performance comparison of three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter using different modulation schemes are presented. Different level shifted carrier based PWM schemes and space vector modulation scheme for three-level NPC inverter is modeled and analyzed. The performance analysis is presented in order to understand its interaction with solar photo-voltaic (SPV) system. The power quality of the inverter output is compared using total harmonic distortion (THD). The whole system comprises a solar PV array (Waaree Energies WSM- 315), a boost converter (operated at MPPT using incremental conductance technique), a multi-level inverter (NPC), and a three-phase load (R and L). Then, the system is modeled in MATLAB®/ Simulink and the results obtained are presented and discussed in this paper.

2018 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES), 2018

In this paper, new harmonic reduction scheme by using the genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed for ... more In this paper, new harmonic reduction scheme by using the genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed for single phase modified Packed U-Cell (MPUC-5) five-level inverter. Packed U-Cell multilevel inverter was first introduced in 2011 and since then many switching sequences have been proposed for obtaining different levels of output voltage, with overall reduction in harmonic content from output voltage waveform. In this paper, the authors have tried to obtain the optimum switching angles to reduce the output harmonics by applying genetic algorithm. Genetic algorithm is nature inspiring optimization technique, which works on the principle of heredity, evolution and Darwin’s theory of survival of the fittest. Genetic algorithm evolves iteration by iteration and gives better and better results and finally converges to optimum result as per our requirements. This concept is verified in MATLAB®/Simulink environment and is also validated experimentally using the TI-28335 DSP.

Electrica, 2019

Conflict of Interest Declarations Electrica requires and encourages the authors and the individua... more Conflict of Interest Declarations Electrica requires and encourages the authors and the individuals involved in the evaluation process of submitted manuscripts to disclose any existing or potential conflicts of interests, including financial, consultant, and institutional, that might lead to potential bias or a conflict of interest. Any financial grants or other support received for a submitted study from individuals or institutions should be disclosed to the Editorial Board. Cases of a potential conflict of interest of the editors, authors, or reviewers are resolved by the journal's Editorial Board within the scope of COPE guidelines.

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2011

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

The concept of multilevel inverter arrived from the conventional two-level inverter. Two-level in... more The concept of multilevel inverter arrived from the conventional two-level inverter. Two-level inverter is not suitable for the high-power, medium-voltage, and high-voltage industrial and commercial application. Multilevel inverters fulfill the above requirement. Control of multilevel inverter is done by adjusting the time average of their voltage levels. Generally, this is performed by pulse-width modulation (PWM) techniques. Output performance in terms of the power quality, common mode voltage, etc., greatly depends on the types of the modulation schemes applied. The aim of this paper is to present the different carrier-based modulation schemes that are available in the literature for five-level inverter. The detailed mathematical analysis of modulation techniques is presented to better understand the five-level inverter.

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

Mathematical modeling also gives the information about designing of controller. The analysis and ... more Mathematical modeling also gives the information about designing of controller. The analysis and different application of PUC inverter such as inverter, rectifier, STATCOM and voltage controllers are given here. A brief review on PUC inverter for single phase operation, mathematical modeling and switching scheme is also presented. It has been shown that PUC inverter topology is preferable than the conventional multilevel inverter in terms of device counts.

Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing

The importance of multilevel inverter is increasing continuously in recent decades from medium to... more The importance of multilevel inverter is increasing continuously in recent decades from medium to high-level power conversion systems. Packed U-Cell MLI introduced recently is gaining increasing attention due to the reducing device count, lower THD and better power quality. Packed U-Cell has lesser number of devices to generate the same number of levels in the output voltages as compared to the other reduced device count MLI’s reported in the literature. This paper focusses on seven level PUC inverter, which has been practically realised in many works. The basic operation, along with modulation strategies reported in the literature, has been presented. The later part of the paper deals with a detailed review regarding the control strategies, their implementation, and discussion on the future scope of the said inverter topology.

IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering

In this letter, constraints solving of selective harmonic elimination equation using minimum numb... more In this letter, constraints solving of selective harmonic elimination equation using minimum number of switching pulses for modified packed U-cell five-level inverter is employed, and the optimum angles for total harmonic distortion (THD) reduction are found using genetic algorithm (GA). The novel constraints-based GA algorithm is applied in this work, which eliminates the third and its higher orders and fifth harmonic in the output voltage waveform. The obtained results are compared with the those of conventional approach wherein the THD obtained for each order is displayed.

International Journal of Energy and Water Resources

Multiphase power electronic converters are gaining more popularity nowadays. Three-phase system i... more Multiphase power electronic converters are gaining more popularity nowadays. Three-phase system is not enough to produce smooth torque in industrial application. So systems that have more than three phases are gaining popularity due to their smooth torque and more power than the three-phase systems for the same phase voltage and current. Selection of even number of phases is generally avoided because it degrades motor performance due to the coincidence of motor poles with each other. This paper deals with carrier-based pulse width modulation techniques with the third-harmonic and fifth-harmonic injections in three-phase and five-phase five-level packed U-cell (PUC) inverter. Harmonic injection gives improvement in DC bus utilization without going into the overmodulation region. The viability of this concept is verified by MATLAB/Simulink by taking the three-phase and five-phase VSI as an example. The relation between the three-phase and five-phase voltage and power is analyzed and verified mathematically. The PUC inverter comprises the least number of device count, so it can be a good option for multiphase application in industrial drives.

CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics and Applications

An evaluation of level shifted and phase shifted triangular and sawtooth carrier modulation schem... more An evaluation of level shifted and phase shifted triangular and sawtooth carrier modulation schemes for a seven level packed U cell (PUC) inverter is presented in this paper. The investigated PUC is the recently introduced topology for multilevel inverter having reduced switch count in comparison to the conventional topologies of multilevel inverters. The PUC inverter has six switches for 7 level inverter which is very less in comparison to the conventional topologies. In this paper, the level-shifted pulse width modulation (LS-PWM) and phase-shifted PWM (PS-PWM) for triangular and sawtooth carrier are presented and compared. A comparative harmonic analysis for all the cases is performed and results are presented in the paper. The difference in harmonics of the two modulation methods given by the theoretical approach for both the carrier is validated by the experimental results. DC voltage controller and load current controller of the PUC inverter are also designed and presented. The investigated PUC topology is tested in dynamic and steady state conditions and results obtained are presented. The analysis is done and validated using simulation in MATLAB ® Simulink environment and experimental approaches using FPGA platform.

Optical Materials, 1999

A new method for calculating the optical basicity, electronic polarizability and oxygen electrone... more A new method for calculating the optical basicity, electronic polarizability and oxygen electronegativity of oxides and oxysalts has been evaluated based on the concept of average electronegativity given by Asokamani and Manjula. The estimated parameters ...