Abdullah Azim - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Abdullah Azim

Single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) is an evolving concept in minimally invasive ... more Single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) is an evolving concept in minimally invasive surgery. It utilizes the concept of inline viewing and a single incision that accommodates all of the working instruments. Here, we describe a single surgeons initial experiences of using this technique in a tertiary hospital. Between January and September 2010, 21 patients underwent SILC for symptomatic cholelithiasis. The umbilicus was the point of access into abdomen for all patients using a 2.0–2.5-cm incision. The surgeries were performed using the Covidien SILS port with a 30° angled scope and two 5-mm conventional laparoscopic instruments. Nineteen patients successfully underwent surgery (8 males and 11 females, mean age: 43 years). The mean body mass index was 25.9 kg/m2 (range: 19.0–38.2 kg/m2). The mean operative time was 89 minutes (range: 55–135 minutes). Minimal blood loss was noted in each patient. The mean length of the postoperative stay was 1.1 days (range: 1–3 days). No...

Formulation of a nonlinear inelastic model of steel column with semi-rigid frame connections is o... more Formulation of a nonlinear inelastic model of steel column with semi-rigid frame connections is outlined in this paper. Mechanical based equations were incorporated into the formulation of the model. Steel stress-strain curve with strain hardening was adopted as the material model. A pair of translation springs in vertical and lateral directions and a rotational spring was attached to each end of the column to represent a semi-rigid connection. Results obtained from the proposed model were compared with the corresponding results from finite element analysis. Good agreement was shown between the proposed model and the numerical results. It is evident from the results that the proposed model could be used to analyse the behaviour of a steel column in a semi-rigid frame

This thesis presents the non-linear thermoelastic and inelastic behavior of steel arches acted on... more This thesis presents the non-linear thermoelastic and inelastic behavior of steel arches acted on by a sustained uniformly distributed load, when subjected to elevated temperatures as caused by fire. The steel arch is restrained at its two ends by elastic translational springs in both the horizontal and vertical directions, as well as by counterpart elastic rotational springs which simulate a generic semi-rigid connection, or restraint by other members in a frame or when the arch acts as a large-span roofing element supported and restrained by columns. The formulation presented in this thesis takes into account the degradation of the stiffness of the steel arch prior to yielding at elevated temperatures, and it is argued that there are many situations for which analyses of a real fire situation in the thermoelastic range are valid. It is shown that the proposed model agrees well with independent solutions obtained using finite element analyses. The study furthers more in the second ...

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2011

The Medical journal of Malaysia, 2020

Ileo-ileal knotting is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction. In this condition, one bowel loop ... more Ileo-ileal knotting is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction. In this condition, one bowel loop makes a knot with an adjacent bowel loop, resulting in mechanical obstruction and even gangrene of the bowel. We present a case of a young girl with ileo-ileal knotting resulting in a closed-loop obstruction and gangrene of the small bowel loop. This is a difficult condition to diagnose; a high index of suspicion and early surgical intervention are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2012

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2011

International Journal of Integrated Engineering, 2020

Steel plate reinforcements (SPR) embedded into the concrete core of a concrete filled steel tube ... more Steel plate reinforcements (SPR) embedded into the concrete core of a concrete filled steel tube (CFST) column is a promising strengthening scheme. However, further study is required to understand the influence SPR on the strength and behaviour of a CFST column. Numerical models of the CFST columns are developed using finite element analysis. The models are verified with experimental results from past research. The models are in good agreement with the experimental study. Then, a parametric study is conducted to investigate the strength and behaviour of CFST columns embedded with various configuration of SPR. In which, the embedded SPR varies in quantity, thickness and height. The parametric study indicates that these factors have positive influence on the performance of the CFST columns. The performance of the columns is measured in terms of strength, stiffness and ductility. Results have shown that the performance of the columns increases with every increment of the quantity, thic...

International Journal of Structural and Civil Engineering Research, 2018

Concrete filled steel tube (CFST) columns have been gradually adopted in modern civil engineering... more Concrete filled steel tube (CFST) columns have been gradually adopted in modern civil engineering structures mainly in high-rise buildings and bridges. Past research have shown that circular CFST columns were far more superior to its square or rectangular counterparts. Besides lower confinement effect, square and rectangular steel tubes with large width-to-thickness ratio were prone to suffer from local buckling. In order to improve the ultimate load carrying capacity of the these columns, the CFST columns were reinforced by longitudinal steel plate embedded into the concrete core. The mechanical properties such as ultimate strength, stiffness and ductility of the square CFST columns with and without longitudinal plate reinforcements were compared and studied. 

Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2010

An innovative non-discretisation mechanical-based method is developed in this paper to analyse a ... more An innovative non-discretisation mechanical-based method is developed in this paper to analyse a steel arch at elevated temperatures so that its behaviour can be quantified. The steel arch has a generic but singly-symmetric cross-section with elastic and plastic parts, and it is subjected to an arbitrary thermal profile which varies along the length of the arch as well as through the depth of the cross-section. The effects of geometric and material non-linearity as well as potential catenary action which can occur at high temperatures are taken into account in the formulation. The efficiency and accuracy of the generic model developed is demonstrated by a comparison with a finite element model undertaken using ABAQUS. The proposed method is then utilised to elucidate some significant factors, such as the magnitude of the temperature at bottom fibre of the cross-section as well as the ratio of the temperature at the top fibre to that at the bottom fibre, on the response of a steel arch member during fire loading. The proposed model provides a computationally superior formulation to that of commercial finite element packages, and forms a platform which can be used for structural steel arch design and evaluation in the development of codified approaches to fire design on a performance basis.

Fire Safety Journal, 2010

This paper addresses the non-linear thermoelastic behaviour of steel arches acted on by a sustain... more This paper addresses the non-linear thermoelastic behaviour of steel arches acted on by a sustained uniformly distributed load, when subjected to elevated temperatures as caused by fire. The steel arch is restrained at its two ends by elastic translational springs in both the ...

Asian Journal of Surgery, 2013

Introduction: Using laparoscopic methods for incarcerated scrotal hernias is controversial becaus... more Introduction: Using laparoscopic methods for incarcerated scrotal hernias is controversial because of the perceived technical difficulties in treating such hernias. Herein, we present our experience with laparoscopic repair of such hernias. Materials and methods: A retrospective review was undertaken to evaluate our experience with laparoscopic transabdominal approach and its modification for incarcerated hernias over a 3year period. Two laparoscopic techniques were used for the repair of such hernias. The first technique, an exploratory laparoscopy, was performed to inspect the content of the hernia. This was followed by gentle retraction of the hernial content into the abdominal cavity and performing a standard transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair. If the hernia was not reducible, then a second technique involving a paramedian scrotal incision was performed. The sac was isolated, opened, and its contents were examined. If the bowel was encountered, it was reduced into the peritoneal cavity. However, if it was the omentum, it was excised. Following ligation of the scrotal sac and re-insufflation of the abdomen, a standard TAPP ensued. Results: A total of 20 male patients with incarcerated scrotal hernia underwent laparoscopic TAPP repair (mean age: 48 years). Six had scrotal incision. Surgical site or mesh infection was not observed in any of the cases. Likewise, no recurrence after a mean follow-up of 22 months was encountered. Conclusion: Using the above modifications, we were able to perform laparoscopic repair of large incarcerated scrotal hernias, which previously would have been treated with an open procedure.

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2014

Introduction: The widespread and inappropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in surgical prop... more Introduction: The widespread and inappropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in surgical prophylaxis has led to reduced treatment efficacy, increased healthcare costs, and antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to explore the adherence of antibiotic usage in surgical prophylaxis to the national antibiotic guideline and the incidences of surgical site infection (SSI). Methodology: A three-month prospective observational study has been conducted in the surgical wards of Sarawak General Hospital (SGH) using a standardized surveillance form. Each patient was reviewed for up to 30 days post-operatively to determine the occurrence of SSI. Results: A total of 87 patients were included within the study period. The majority of the cases were clean-contaminated wounds (60.9%). Most were hepatobiliary cases (37.9%), followed by colorectal cases (19.5%). The most preferred antibiotic used was cefoperazone (63.2%). The choices of antibiotics in 78.2% of the cases were consistent with the gu...

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2014

Introduction: The widespread and inappropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in surgical prop... more Introduction: The widespread and inappropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in surgical prophylaxis has led to reduced treatment efficacy, increased healthcare costs, and antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to explore the adherence of antibiotic usage in surgical prophylaxis to the national antibiotic guideline and the incidences of surgical site infection (SSI). Methodology: A three-month prospective observational study has been conducted in the surgical wards of Sarawak General Hospital (SGH) using a standardized surveillance form. Each patient was reviewed for up to 30 days post-operatively to determine the occurrence of SSI. Results: A total of 87 patients were included within the study period. The majority of the cases were clean-contaminated wounds (60.9%). Most were hepatobiliary cases (37.9%), followed by colorectal cases (19.5%). The most preferred antibiotic used was cefoperazone (63.2%). The choices of antibiotics in 78.2% of the cases were consistent with the gu...

Single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) is an evolving concept in minimally invasive ... more Single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) is an evolving concept in minimally invasive surgery. It utilizes the concept of inline viewing and a single incision that accommodates all of the working instruments. Here, we describe a single surgeons initial experiences of using this technique in a tertiary hospital. Between January and September 2010, 21 patients underwent SILC for symptomatic cholelithiasis. The umbilicus was the point of access into abdomen for all patients using a 2.0–2.5-cm incision. The surgeries were performed using the Covidien SILS port with a 30° angled scope and two 5-mm conventional laparoscopic instruments. Nineteen patients successfully underwent surgery (8 males and 11 females, mean age: 43 years). The mean body mass index was 25.9 kg/m2 (range: 19.0–38.2 kg/m2). The mean operative time was 89 minutes (range: 55–135 minutes). Minimal blood loss was noted in each patient. The mean length of the postoperative stay was 1.1 days (range: 1–3 days). No...

Formulation of a nonlinear inelastic model of steel column with semi-rigid frame connections is o... more Formulation of a nonlinear inelastic model of steel column with semi-rigid frame connections is outlined in this paper. Mechanical based equations were incorporated into the formulation of the model. Steel stress-strain curve with strain hardening was adopted as the material model. A pair of translation springs in vertical and lateral directions and a rotational spring was attached to each end of the column to represent a semi-rigid connection. Results obtained from the proposed model were compared with the corresponding results from finite element analysis. Good agreement was shown between the proposed model and the numerical results. It is evident from the results that the proposed model could be used to analyse the behaviour of a steel column in a semi-rigid frame

This thesis presents the non-linear thermoelastic and inelastic behavior of steel arches acted on... more This thesis presents the non-linear thermoelastic and inelastic behavior of steel arches acted on by a sustained uniformly distributed load, when subjected to elevated temperatures as caused by fire. The steel arch is restrained at its two ends by elastic translational springs in both the horizontal and vertical directions, as well as by counterpart elastic rotational springs which simulate a generic semi-rigid connection, or restraint by other members in a frame or when the arch acts as a large-span roofing element supported and restrained by columns. The formulation presented in this thesis takes into account the degradation of the stiffness of the steel arch prior to yielding at elevated temperatures, and it is argued that there are many situations for which analyses of a real fire situation in the thermoelastic range are valid. It is shown that the proposed model agrees well with independent solutions obtained using finite element analyses. The study furthers more in the second ...

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2011

The Medical journal of Malaysia, 2020

Ileo-ileal knotting is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction. In this condition, one bowel loop ... more Ileo-ileal knotting is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction. In this condition, one bowel loop makes a knot with an adjacent bowel loop, resulting in mechanical obstruction and even gangrene of the bowel. We present a case of a young girl with ileo-ileal knotting resulting in a closed-loop obstruction and gangrene of the small bowel loop. This is a difficult condition to diagnose; a high index of suspicion and early surgical intervention are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2012

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2011

International Journal of Integrated Engineering, 2020

Steel plate reinforcements (SPR) embedded into the concrete core of a concrete filled steel tube ... more Steel plate reinforcements (SPR) embedded into the concrete core of a concrete filled steel tube (CFST) column is a promising strengthening scheme. However, further study is required to understand the influence SPR on the strength and behaviour of a CFST column. Numerical models of the CFST columns are developed using finite element analysis. The models are verified with experimental results from past research. The models are in good agreement with the experimental study. Then, a parametric study is conducted to investigate the strength and behaviour of CFST columns embedded with various configuration of SPR. In which, the embedded SPR varies in quantity, thickness and height. The parametric study indicates that these factors have positive influence on the performance of the CFST columns. The performance of the columns is measured in terms of strength, stiffness and ductility. Results have shown that the performance of the columns increases with every increment of the quantity, thic...

International Journal of Structural and Civil Engineering Research, 2018

Concrete filled steel tube (CFST) columns have been gradually adopted in modern civil engineering... more Concrete filled steel tube (CFST) columns have been gradually adopted in modern civil engineering structures mainly in high-rise buildings and bridges. Past research have shown that circular CFST columns were far more superior to its square or rectangular counterparts. Besides lower confinement effect, square and rectangular steel tubes with large width-to-thickness ratio were prone to suffer from local buckling. In order to improve the ultimate load carrying capacity of the these columns, the CFST columns were reinforced by longitudinal steel plate embedded into the concrete core. The mechanical properties such as ultimate strength, stiffness and ductility of the square CFST columns with and without longitudinal plate reinforcements were compared and studied. 

Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2010

An innovative non-discretisation mechanical-based method is developed in this paper to analyse a ... more An innovative non-discretisation mechanical-based method is developed in this paper to analyse a steel arch at elevated temperatures so that its behaviour can be quantified. The steel arch has a generic but singly-symmetric cross-section with elastic and plastic parts, and it is subjected to an arbitrary thermal profile which varies along the length of the arch as well as through the depth of the cross-section. The effects of geometric and material non-linearity as well as potential catenary action which can occur at high temperatures are taken into account in the formulation. The efficiency and accuracy of the generic model developed is demonstrated by a comparison with a finite element model undertaken using ABAQUS. The proposed method is then utilised to elucidate some significant factors, such as the magnitude of the temperature at bottom fibre of the cross-section as well as the ratio of the temperature at the top fibre to that at the bottom fibre, on the response of a steel arch member during fire loading. The proposed model provides a computationally superior formulation to that of commercial finite element packages, and forms a platform which can be used for structural steel arch design and evaluation in the development of codified approaches to fire design on a performance basis.

Fire Safety Journal, 2010

This paper addresses the non-linear thermoelastic behaviour of steel arches acted on by a sustain... more This paper addresses the non-linear thermoelastic behaviour of steel arches acted on by a sustained uniformly distributed load, when subjected to elevated temperatures as caused by fire. The steel arch is restrained at its two ends by elastic translational springs in both the ...

Asian Journal of Surgery, 2013

Introduction: Using laparoscopic methods for incarcerated scrotal hernias is controversial becaus... more Introduction: Using laparoscopic methods for incarcerated scrotal hernias is controversial because of the perceived technical difficulties in treating such hernias. Herein, we present our experience with laparoscopic repair of such hernias. Materials and methods: A retrospective review was undertaken to evaluate our experience with laparoscopic transabdominal approach and its modification for incarcerated hernias over a 3year period. Two laparoscopic techniques were used for the repair of such hernias. The first technique, an exploratory laparoscopy, was performed to inspect the content of the hernia. This was followed by gentle retraction of the hernial content into the abdominal cavity and performing a standard transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair. If the hernia was not reducible, then a second technique involving a paramedian scrotal incision was performed. The sac was isolated, opened, and its contents were examined. If the bowel was encountered, it was reduced into the peritoneal cavity. However, if it was the omentum, it was excised. Following ligation of the scrotal sac and re-insufflation of the abdomen, a standard TAPP ensued. Results: A total of 20 male patients with incarcerated scrotal hernia underwent laparoscopic TAPP repair (mean age: 48 years). Six had scrotal incision. Surgical site or mesh infection was not observed in any of the cases. Likewise, no recurrence after a mean follow-up of 22 months was encountered. Conclusion: Using the above modifications, we were able to perform laparoscopic repair of large incarcerated scrotal hernias, which previously would have been treated with an open procedure.

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2014

Introduction: The widespread and inappropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in surgical prop... more Introduction: The widespread and inappropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in surgical prophylaxis has led to reduced treatment efficacy, increased healthcare costs, and antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to explore the adherence of antibiotic usage in surgical prophylaxis to the national antibiotic guideline and the incidences of surgical site infection (SSI). Methodology: A three-month prospective observational study has been conducted in the surgical wards of Sarawak General Hospital (SGH) using a standardized surveillance form. Each patient was reviewed for up to 30 days post-operatively to determine the occurrence of SSI. Results: A total of 87 patients were included within the study period. The majority of the cases were clean-contaminated wounds (60.9%). Most were hepatobiliary cases (37.9%), followed by colorectal cases (19.5%). The most preferred antibiotic used was cefoperazone (63.2%). The choices of antibiotics in 78.2% of the cases were consistent with the gu...

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2014

Introduction: The widespread and inappropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in surgical prop... more Introduction: The widespread and inappropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in surgical prophylaxis has led to reduced treatment efficacy, increased healthcare costs, and antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to explore the adherence of antibiotic usage in surgical prophylaxis to the national antibiotic guideline and the incidences of surgical site infection (SSI). Methodology: A three-month prospective observational study has been conducted in the surgical wards of Sarawak General Hospital (SGH) using a standardized surveillance form. Each patient was reviewed for up to 30 days post-operatively to determine the occurrence of SSI. Results: A total of 87 patients were included within the study period. The majority of the cases were clean-contaminated wounds (60.9%). Most were hepatobiliary cases (37.9%), followed by colorectal cases (19.5%). The most preferred antibiotic used was cefoperazone (63.2%). The choices of antibiotics in 78.2% of the cases were consistent with the gu...