Abdullah Mahmud - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Abdullah Mahmud

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Feb 1, 2007

This study was designed to develop an optimized co-solvent evaporation procedure for the efficien... more This study was designed to develop an optimized co-solvent evaporation procedure for the efficient encapsulation of hydrophobic drugs in polymeric micelles of methoxy poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(-caprolactone) (MePEO-b-PCL). MePEO-b-PCL block copolymers having varied MePEO and PCL molecular weights were synthesized, assembled to polymeric micelles, and used for the encapsulation of cyclosporine A (CyA) by a co-solvent evaporation method. The co-solvent composition was varied by changing the type of organic co-solvent (using acetone, acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran), the ratio of organic to aqueous phase, and their order of addition. Carrier size, morphology and encapsulated CyA levels were defined by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and HPLC, respectively, and the effect of co-solvent composition on micellar properties and loaded CyA levels was evaluated. Application of acetone and acetonitrile as the selective co-solvent for the core-forming block led to a decrease in the average diameter of self-assembled structures. When acetone was added to water, a decrease in the ratio of organic to aqueous phase led to an increase in the loading efficiency of CyA in MePEO-b-PCL micelles. A similar trend in CyA loading was observed for MePEO-b-PCL micelles of varied MePEO and PCL block lengths. The ratio of organic to aqueous phase did not affect CyA loading when water was added to acetone. Irrespective of the order of addition, the decrease in the organic to aqueous phase ratio caused a reduction in the average diameter of the empty and CyA loaded micelles. We conclude that the co-solvent evaporation method may be optimized to improve the efficiency of drug encapsulation in polymeric micelles. For CyA encapsulation in MePEO-b-PCL micelles, addition of acetone to water at lower organic to aqueous phase ratio is shown to be the optimum procedure leading to higher drug encapsulation and smaller average diameter for the self-assembled structures.

Corr, 2010

This paper describes an integrated framework for SOC test automation. This framework is based on ... more This paper describes an integrated framework for SOC test automation. This framework is based on a new approach for Wrapper/TAM co-optimization based on rectangle packing considering the diagonal length of the rectangles to emphasize on both TAM widths required by a core and its corresponding testing time .In this paper, an efficient algorithm has been proposed to construct wrappers that reduce testing time for cores. Rectangle packing has been used to develop an integrated scheduling algorithm that incorporates power constraints in the test schedule. The test power consumption is important to consider since exceeding the system's power limit might damage the system.

Biomacromolecules, 2007

An arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) containing model peptide was conjugated to the surface of... more An arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) containing model peptide was conjugated to the surface of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly( -caprolactone) (PEO-b-PCL) micelles as a ligand that can recognize adhesion molecules overexpressed on the surface of metastatic cancer cells, that is, integrins, and that can enhance the micellar delivery of encapsulated hydrophobic drug into a tumor cell. Toward this goal, PEO-b-PCL copolymers bearing acetal groups on the PEO end were synthesized, characterized, and assembled to polymeric micelles. The acetal group on the surface of the PEO-b-PCL micelles was converted to reactive aldehyde under acidic condition at room temperature. An RGD-containing linear peptide, GRGDS, was conjugated on the surface of the aldehyde-decorated PEO-b-PCL micelles by incubation at room temperature. A hydrophobic fluorescent probe, that is, DiI, was physically loaded in prepared polymeric micelles to imitate hydrophobic drugs loaded in micellar carrier. The cellular uptake of DiI loaded GRGDS-modified micelles by melanoma B16-F10 cells was investigated at 4 and 37°C by fluorescent spectroscopy and confocal microscopy techniques and was compared to the uptake of DiI loaded valine-PEO-b-PCL micelles (as the irrelevant ligand decorated micelles) and free DiI. GRGDS conjugation to polymeric micelles significantly facilitated the cellular uptake of encapsulated hydrophobic DiI most probably by intergrin-mediated cell attachment and endocytosis. The results indicate that acetal-terminated PEO-b-PCL micelles are amenable for introducing targeting moieties on the surface of polymeric micelles and that RGDpeptide conjugated PEO-b-PCL micelles are promising ligand-targeted carriers for enhanced drug delivery to metastatic tumor cells.

Corr, Aug 19, 2010

Reversible circuits have applications in digital signal processing, computer graphics, quantum co... more Reversible circuits have applications in digital signal processing, computer graphics, quantum computation and cryptography. In this paper, a generalized k*k reversible gate family is proposed and a 3*3 gate of the family is discussed. Inverter, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, and EXOR gates can be realized by this gate. Implementation of a full-adder circuit using two such 3*3 gates is given. This full-adder circuit contains only two reversible gates and produces no extra garbage outputs. The proposed full-adder circuit is efficient in terms of gate count, garbage outputs and quantum cost. A 4-bit carry skip adder is designed using this full-adder circuit and a variable block carry skip adder is discussed. Necessary equations required to evaluate these adder are presented.

Corr, Aug 19, 2010

In this paper, we have implemented and designed a sorting network for reversible logic circuits s... more In this paper, we have implemented and designed a sorting network for reversible logic circuits synthesis in terms of n*n Toffoli gates. The algorithm presented in this paper constructs a Toffoli Network based on swapping bit strings. Reduction rules are then applied by simple template matching and removing useless gates from the network. Random selection of bit strings and reduction of control inputs are used to minimize both the number of gates and gate width. The method produces near optimal results for up to 3-input 3-output circuits.

Corr, 2010

This paper describes an integrated framework for SOC test automation. This framework is based on ... more This paper describes an integrated framework for SOC test automation. This framework is based on a new approach for Wrapper/TAM co-optimization based on rectangle packing considering the diagonal length of the rectangles to emphasize on both TAM widths required by a core and its corresponding testing time. In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm to construct wrappers that reduce testing time for cores. We then use rectangle packing to develop an integrated scheduling algorithm that incorporates power constraints in the test schedule. The test power consumption is important to consider since exceeding the system's power limit might damage the system.

ABSTRACT Amphiphilic block copolymers represent a major field of research in the design and creat... more ABSTRACT Amphiphilic block copolymers represent a major field of research in the design and creation of innovative materials for biomedical applications. Self-directed assemblies of such copolymers have been of great value in the development of novel drug delivery systems. Polymeric vesicles (polymersomes) and worm-like micelles (or filomicelles) are particularly appealing due to their structure and composition that provides them with specific and tunable properties. The work reviewed at an introductory level in this chapter highlights some of the features of such aggregates and reviews the synthesis of their components, their assembly, and characterization. Degradation and drug release kinetics are described as well as their application in therapeutics.

Eprint Arxiv 1008 3320, Aug 19, 2010

The testing time for a system-on-chip(SOC) largely depends on the design of test wrappers and the... more The testing time for a system-on-chip(SOC) largely depends on the design of test wrappers and the test access mechanism(TAM).Wrapper/TAM co-optimization is therefore necessary to minimize SOC testing time . In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm to construct wrappers that reduce testing time for cores. We further propose a new approach for wrapper/TAM co-optimization based on two-dimensional rectangle packing. This approach considers the diagonal length of the rectangles to emphasize on both TAM widths required by a core and its corresponding testing time.

California has one of the worst particulate air pollution problems in the nation with some estima... more California has one of the worst particulate air pollution problems in the nation with some estimates predicting more than 5000 premature deaths each year attributed to air pollution. Climate change will modify weather patterns in California with unknown consequences for PM2.5. Previous down-scaling exercises carried out for the entire United States have typically not resolved the details associated with California's mountain-valley topography and mixture of urban-rural emissions characteristics. Detailed studies carried out for California have identified strong effects acting in opposite directions on PM2.5 concentrations making the net prediction for climate effects on PM2.5 somewhat uncertain. More research is needed to reduce this uncertainty so that we can truly understand climate impacts on PM2.5 and public health. The objective of this research is to predict climate change effects on annual average concentrations of particulate matter (PM2.5) in California with sufficient resolution to capture the details of California's air basins. Business-as-usual scenarios generated by the Parallel Climate Model (PCM) will be down-scaled to 4km meteorology using the Weather Research Forecast (WRF) model. The CIT/UCD source-oriented photochemical air quality model will be employed to predict PM2.5 concentrations throughout the entire state of California. The modeled annual average total and speciated PM2.5 concentrations for the future (2047-2049) and the present-day (2004-2006) periods will be compared to determine climate change effects. The results from this study will improve our understanding of global climate change effects on PM2.5 concentrations in California.

Corr, 2010

Spam is commonly known as unsolicited or unwanted email messages in the Internet causing potentia... more Spam is commonly known as unsolicited or unwanted email messages in the Internet causing potential threat to Internet Security. Users spend a valuable amount of time deleting spam emails. More importantly, ever increasing spam emails occupy server storage space and consume network bandwidth. Keyword-based spam email filtering strategies will eventually be less successful to model spammer behavior as the spammer constantly changes their tricks to circumvent these filters. The evasive tactics that the spammer uses are patterns and these patterns can be modeled to combat spam. This paper investigates the possibilities of modeling spammer behavioral patterns by well-known classification algorithms such as Na\"ive Bayesian classifier (Na\"ive Bayes), Decision Tree Induction (DTI) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs). Preliminary experimental results demonstrate a promising detection rate of around 92%, which is considerably an enhancement of performance compared to similar spammer behavior modeling research.

Molecular Pharmaceutics, Apr 5, 2010

Constitutively activated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) in tumor and ... more Constitutively activated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) in tumor and dendritic cells (DCs) plays a critical role in tumor-induced immunosuppression. This is considered a major challenge in effective immunotherapy of cancer. Herein we describe the development of a polymeric nanocarrier for the delivery of JSI-124 (a small molecule inhibitor of STAT3) to tumor and immunosuppressed DCs using poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs). For this purpose, JSI-124 was chemically conjugated to PLGA and the PLGA-JSI-124 conjugate was formulated into nanoparticles using the emulsification solvent evaporation method. The attachment of JSI-124 to PLGA was confirmed by a combination of thin layer chromatography and 1 H NMR. The level of JSI-124 in NPs, determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, was found to be 1.7 ( 0.3 µg per mg of PLGA. The PLGA-JSI-124 NPs demonstrated a controlled drug release profile over a 1-month period and exhibited potent anticancer and STAT3 inhibitory activity comparable to the soluble JSI-124 after 24 h incubation with B16 melanoma cells, in vitro. Moreover, PLGA-JSI-124 NPs efficiently suppressed the level of p-STAT3 in p-STAT3 high DCs, generated from mouse bone marrow cells in the presence of conditioned media of B16 cells (B16CM-DCs), and improved their function as assessed by mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). Specifically cotreatment of B16CM-DCs with PLGA-JSI-124 NPs and PLGA NPs containing the DC adjuvant CpG resulted in higher levels of T cell proliferation in the MLR assay compared with B16CM-DCs untreated or treated with either CpG NPs or JSI-124 NPs alone. Our results indicate that PLGA NPs containing conjugated JSI-124 can potentially provide a useful platform for sustained JSI-124 release in tumor and its targeted delivery to DCs leading to the modulation of anticancer response by JSI-124 in tumor cells and immunosuppressed DCs, in vitro.

Chi 11 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2011

Abstract An email program has been developed by the Aphasia Union Netherlands (AVN) to enhance co... more Abstract An email program has been developed by the Aphasia Union Netherlands (AVN) to enhance communication between aphasics mutually and with their therapists. In this paper we report intermediate evaluation results of the AVN email program. We evaluated the email ...

Biomacromolecules, 2009

An increase in the degree of chemical compatibility between drug and polymeric structure in the c... more An increase in the degree of chemical compatibility between drug and polymeric structure in the core has been shown to raise the encapsulation efficiency and lower the rate of drug release from polymeric micelles. In this study, to achieve an optimized polymeric micellar delivery ...

Chi 14 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Apr 26, 2014

ABSTRACT We describe the design of an assistive email interface for persons with aphasia who have... more ABSTRACT We describe the design of an assistive email interface for persons with aphasia who have problems in reading, writing, and or speaking. The email interface was designed by consulting persons with aphasia, their therapists and partners. Writing support such as readymade sentences and recommendations of words from free hand drawing were introduced. The application is suitable to be used in smart phone/tablet pc and highly praised by the therapists and persons with aphasia. Our user studies showed that the application has potential for persons with aphasia due to its simplicity in use and alternative means of language support while composing email messages.

Geochmica Et Cosmochimica Acta, Jun 1, 2009

The Faseb Journal, Apr 1, 2014

Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 2011

... Document details. Title Effect of different storage periods and temperatures on the hatchabil... more ... Document details. Title Effect of different storage periods and temperatures on the hatchability of broiler breeder eggs. Authors Mahmud, A.; Khan, MZU; Saima; Javed, MA Journal Pakistan Veterinary Journal 2011 Vol. 31 No. 1 pp. ...

Corr, Aug 22, 2010

In this paper, we have introduced an algorithm to implement a sorting network for reversible logi... more In this paper, we have introduced an algorithm to implement a sorting network for reversible logic synthesis based on swapping bit strings. The algorithm first constructs a network in terms of n*n Toffoli gates read from left to right. The number of gates in the circuit produced by our algorithm is then reduced by template matching and removing useless gates from the network. We have also compared the efficiency of the proposed method with the existing ones.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Feb 1, 2007

This study was designed to develop an optimized co-solvent evaporation procedure for the efficien... more This study was designed to develop an optimized co-solvent evaporation procedure for the efficient encapsulation of hydrophobic drugs in polymeric micelles of methoxy poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(-caprolactone) (MePEO-b-PCL). MePEO-b-PCL block copolymers having varied MePEO and PCL molecular weights were synthesized, assembled to polymeric micelles, and used for the encapsulation of cyclosporine A (CyA) by a co-solvent evaporation method. The co-solvent composition was varied by changing the type of organic co-solvent (using acetone, acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran), the ratio of organic to aqueous phase, and their order of addition. Carrier size, morphology and encapsulated CyA levels were defined by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and HPLC, respectively, and the effect of co-solvent composition on micellar properties and loaded CyA levels was evaluated. Application of acetone and acetonitrile as the selective co-solvent for the core-forming block led to a decrease in the average diameter of self-assembled structures. When acetone was added to water, a decrease in the ratio of organic to aqueous phase led to an increase in the loading efficiency of CyA in MePEO-b-PCL micelles. A similar trend in CyA loading was observed for MePEO-b-PCL micelles of varied MePEO and PCL block lengths. The ratio of organic to aqueous phase did not affect CyA loading when water was added to acetone. Irrespective of the order of addition, the decrease in the organic to aqueous phase ratio caused a reduction in the average diameter of the empty and CyA loaded micelles. We conclude that the co-solvent evaporation method may be optimized to improve the efficiency of drug encapsulation in polymeric micelles. For CyA encapsulation in MePEO-b-PCL micelles, addition of acetone to water at lower organic to aqueous phase ratio is shown to be the optimum procedure leading to higher drug encapsulation and smaller average diameter for the self-assembled structures.

Corr, 2010

This paper describes an integrated framework for SOC test automation. This framework is based on ... more This paper describes an integrated framework for SOC test automation. This framework is based on a new approach for Wrapper/TAM co-optimization based on rectangle packing considering the diagonal length of the rectangles to emphasize on both TAM widths required by a core and its corresponding testing time .In this paper, an efficient algorithm has been proposed to construct wrappers that reduce testing time for cores. Rectangle packing has been used to develop an integrated scheduling algorithm that incorporates power constraints in the test schedule. The test power consumption is important to consider since exceeding the system's power limit might damage the system.

Biomacromolecules, 2007

An arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) containing model peptide was conjugated to the surface of... more An arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) containing model peptide was conjugated to the surface of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly( -caprolactone) (PEO-b-PCL) micelles as a ligand that can recognize adhesion molecules overexpressed on the surface of metastatic cancer cells, that is, integrins, and that can enhance the micellar delivery of encapsulated hydrophobic drug into a tumor cell. Toward this goal, PEO-b-PCL copolymers bearing acetal groups on the PEO end were synthesized, characterized, and assembled to polymeric micelles. The acetal group on the surface of the PEO-b-PCL micelles was converted to reactive aldehyde under acidic condition at room temperature. An RGD-containing linear peptide, GRGDS, was conjugated on the surface of the aldehyde-decorated PEO-b-PCL micelles by incubation at room temperature. A hydrophobic fluorescent probe, that is, DiI, was physically loaded in prepared polymeric micelles to imitate hydrophobic drugs loaded in micellar carrier. The cellular uptake of DiI loaded GRGDS-modified micelles by melanoma B16-F10 cells was investigated at 4 and 37°C by fluorescent spectroscopy and confocal microscopy techniques and was compared to the uptake of DiI loaded valine-PEO-b-PCL micelles (as the irrelevant ligand decorated micelles) and free DiI. GRGDS conjugation to polymeric micelles significantly facilitated the cellular uptake of encapsulated hydrophobic DiI most probably by intergrin-mediated cell attachment and endocytosis. The results indicate that acetal-terminated PEO-b-PCL micelles are amenable for introducing targeting moieties on the surface of polymeric micelles and that RGDpeptide conjugated PEO-b-PCL micelles are promising ligand-targeted carriers for enhanced drug delivery to metastatic tumor cells.

Corr, Aug 19, 2010

Reversible circuits have applications in digital signal processing, computer graphics, quantum co... more Reversible circuits have applications in digital signal processing, computer graphics, quantum computation and cryptography. In this paper, a generalized k*k reversible gate family is proposed and a 3*3 gate of the family is discussed. Inverter, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, and EXOR gates can be realized by this gate. Implementation of a full-adder circuit using two such 3*3 gates is given. This full-adder circuit contains only two reversible gates and produces no extra garbage outputs. The proposed full-adder circuit is efficient in terms of gate count, garbage outputs and quantum cost. A 4-bit carry skip adder is designed using this full-adder circuit and a variable block carry skip adder is discussed. Necessary equations required to evaluate these adder are presented.

Corr, Aug 19, 2010

In this paper, we have implemented and designed a sorting network for reversible logic circuits s... more In this paper, we have implemented and designed a sorting network for reversible logic circuits synthesis in terms of n*n Toffoli gates. The algorithm presented in this paper constructs a Toffoli Network based on swapping bit strings. Reduction rules are then applied by simple template matching and removing useless gates from the network. Random selection of bit strings and reduction of control inputs are used to minimize both the number of gates and gate width. The method produces near optimal results for up to 3-input 3-output circuits.

Corr, 2010

This paper describes an integrated framework for SOC test automation. This framework is based on ... more This paper describes an integrated framework for SOC test automation. This framework is based on a new approach for Wrapper/TAM co-optimization based on rectangle packing considering the diagonal length of the rectangles to emphasize on both TAM widths required by a core and its corresponding testing time. In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm to construct wrappers that reduce testing time for cores. We then use rectangle packing to develop an integrated scheduling algorithm that incorporates power constraints in the test schedule. The test power consumption is important to consider since exceeding the system's power limit might damage the system.

ABSTRACT Amphiphilic block copolymers represent a major field of research in the design and creat... more ABSTRACT Amphiphilic block copolymers represent a major field of research in the design and creation of innovative materials for biomedical applications. Self-directed assemblies of such copolymers have been of great value in the development of novel drug delivery systems. Polymeric vesicles (polymersomes) and worm-like micelles (or filomicelles) are particularly appealing due to their structure and composition that provides them with specific and tunable properties. The work reviewed at an introductory level in this chapter highlights some of the features of such aggregates and reviews the synthesis of their components, their assembly, and characterization. Degradation and drug release kinetics are described as well as their application in therapeutics.

Eprint Arxiv 1008 3320, Aug 19, 2010

The testing time for a system-on-chip(SOC) largely depends on the design of test wrappers and the... more The testing time for a system-on-chip(SOC) largely depends on the design of test wrappers and the test access mechanism(TAM).Wrapper/TAM co-optimization is therefore necessary to minimize SOC testing time . In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm to construct wrappers that reduce testing time for cores. We further propose a new approach for wrapper/TAM co-optimization based on two-dimensional rectangle packing. This approach considers the diagonal length of the rectangles to emphasize on both TAM widths required by a core and its corresponding testing time.

California has one of the worst particulate air pollution problems in the nation with some estima... more California has one of the worst particulate air pollution problems in the nation with some estimates predicting more than 5000 premature deaths each year attributed to air pollution. Climate change will modify weather patterns in California with unknown consequences for PM2.5. Previous down-scaling exercises carried out for the entire United States have typically not resolved the details associated with California's mountain-valley topography and mixture of urban-rural emissions characteristics. Detailed studies carried out for California have identified strong effects acting in opposite directions on PM2.5 concentrations making the net prediction for climate effects on PM2.5 somewhat uncertain. More research is needed to reduce this uncertainty so that we can truly understand climate impacts on PM2.5 and public health. The objective of this research is to predict climate change effects on annual average concentrations of particulate matter (PM2.5) in California with sufficient resolution to capture the details of California's air basins. Business-as-usual scenarios generated by the Parallel Climate Model (PCM) will be down-scaled to 4km meteorology using the Weather Research Forecast (WRF) model. The CIT/UCD source-oriented photochemical air quality model will be employed to predict PM2.5 concentrations throughout the entire state of California. The modeled annual average total and speciated PM2.5 concentrations for the future (2047-2049) and the present-day (2004-2006) periods will be compared to determine climate change effects. The results from this study will improve our understanding of global climate change effects on PM2.5 concentrations in California.

Corr, 2010

Spam is commonly known as unsolicited or unwanted email messages in the Internet causing potentia... more Spam is commonly known as unsolicited or unwanted email messages in the Internet causing potential threat to Internet Security. Users spend a valuable amount of time deleting spam emails. More importantly, ever increasing spam emails occupy server storage space and consume network bandwidth. Keyword-based spam email filtering strategies will eventually be less successful to model spammer behavior as the spammer constantly changes their tricks to circumvent these filters. The evasive tactics that the spammer uses are patterns and these patterns can be modeled to combat spam. This paper investigates the possibilities of modeling spammer behavioral patterns by well-known classification algorithms such as Na\"ive Bayesian classifier (Na\"ive Bayes), Decision Tree Induction (DTI) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs). Preliminary experimental results demonstrate a promising detection rate of around 92%, which is considerably an enhancement of performance compared to similar spammer behavior modeling research.

Molecular Pharmaceutics, Apr 5, 2010

Constitutively activated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) in tumor and ... more Constitutively activated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) in tumor and dendritic cells (DCs) plays a critical role in tumor-induced immunosuppression. This is considered a major challenge in effective immunotherapy of cancer. Herein we describe the development of a polymeric nanocarrier for the delivery of JSI-124 (a small molecule inhibitor of STAT3) to tumor and immunosuppressed DCs using poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs). For this purpose, JSI-124 was chemically conjugated to PLGA and the PLGA-JSI-124 conjugate was formulated into nanoparticles using the emulsification solvent evaporation method. The attachment of JSI-124 to PLGA was confirmed by a combination of thin layer chromatography and 1 H NMR. The level of JSI-124 in NPs, determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, was found to be 1.7 ( 0.3 µg per mg of PLGA. The PLGA-JSI-124 NPs demonstrated a controlled drug release profile over a 1-month period and exhibited potent anticancer and STAT3 inhibitory activity comparable to the soluble JSI-124 after 24 h incubation with B16 melanoma cells, in vitro. Moreover, PLGA-JSI-124 NPs efficiently suppressed the level of p-STAT3 in p-STAT3 high DCs, generated from mouse bone marrow cells in the presence of conditioned media of B16 cells (B16CM-DCs), and improved their function as assessed by mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). Specifically cotreatment of B16CM-DCs with PLGA-JSI-124 NPs and PLGA NPs containing the DC adjuvant CpG resulted in higher levels of T cell proliferation in the MLR assay compared with B16CM-DCs untreated or treated with either CpG NPs or JSI-124 NPs alone. Our results indicate that PLGA NPs containing conjugated JSI-124 can potentially provide a useful platform for sustained JSI-124 release in tumor and its targeted delivery to DCs leading to the modulation of anticancer response by JSI-124 in tumor cells and immunosuppressed DCs, in vitro.

Chi 11 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2011

Abstract An email program has been developed by the Aphasia Union Netherlands (AVN) to enhance co... more Abstract An email program has been developed by the Aphasia Union Netherlands (AVN) to enhance communication between aphasics mutually and with their therapists. In this paper we report intermediate evaluation results of the AVN email program. We evaluated the email ...

Biomacromolecules, 2009

An increase in the degree of chemical compatibility between drug and polymeric structure in the c... more An increase in the degree of chemical compatibility between drug and polymeric structure in the core has been shown to raise the encapsulation efficiency and lower the rate of drug release from polymeric micelles. In this study, to achieve an optimized polymeric micellar delivery ...

Chi 14 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Apr 26, 2014

ABSTRACT We describe the design of an assistive email interface for persons with aphasia who have... more ABSTRACT We describe the design of an assistive email interface for persons with aphasia who have problems in reading, writing, and or speaking. The email interface was designed by consulting persons with aphasia, their therapists and partners. Writing support such as readymade sentences and recommendations of words from free hand drawing were introduced. The application is suitable to be used in smart phone/tablet pc and highly praised by the therapists and persons with aphasia. Our user studies showed that the application has potential for persons with aphasia due to its simplicity in use and alternative means of language support while composing email messages.

Geochmica Et Cosmochimica Acta, Jun 1, 2009

The Faseb Journal, Apr 1, 2014

Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 2011

... Document details. Title Effect of different storage periods and temperatures on the hatchabil... more ... Document details. Title Effect of different storage periods and temperatures on the hatchability of broiler breeder eggs. Authors Mahmud, A.; Khan, MZU; Saima; Javed, MA Journal Pakistan Veterinary Journal 2011 Vol. 31 No. 1 pp. ...

Corr, Aug 22, 2010

In this paper, we have introduced an algorithm to implement a sorting network for reversible logi... more In this paper, we have introduced an algorithm to implement a sorting network for reversible logic synthesis based on swapping bit strings. The algorithm first constructs a network in terms of n*n Toffoli gates read from left to right. The number of gates in the circuit produced by our algorithm is then reduced by template matching and removing useless gates from the network. We have also compared the efficiency of the proposed method with the existing ones.