Abdullahi Gindi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Abdullahi Gindi

Direct Research Journal of Agriculture and Food Science, 2020

The study was carried out in two States of NorthWestern Nigeria, Kebbi and Sokoto States covering... more The study was carried out in two States of NorthWestern Nigeria, Kebbi and Sokoto States covering the largest markets in the state capitals of the two states. The market's selection was purposive, based on high patronage of locally processed and imported rice in the markets. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model was designed to test the multidimensionality of the theoretical constructs. Specifically, we test the hypothesis that rice quality is multidimensional which composed of three factors; Experience attributes (EXP), Search attributes (SEAR) and Credence attributes (CRE). From the result of the study, an examination of regression weight reveals that almost all estimates to be both reasonable and statistically significant; and all standard errors appear also to be in good order. The results of the study revealed new quality scales have three dimensions and some of the items have very little loading on the factor thy supposed to measure but all the items are intended to measure determinants or factors of consumers' preference.

This study was designed to analyze the potentials of motorized pump toward food production in Keb... more This study was designed to analyze the potentials of motorized pump toward food production in Kebbi State. To achieve this, data were collected from the farmers producing onions, tomato, sweet potato, cassava, lettuce and rice, under pump irrigation in Birnin Kebbi Local Government Area of Kebbi State, during 2012 (November-February) dry season. A structured questionnaire was administered to a sample of 80 irrigation farmers who used Motorized Pump in irrigating their crops. Analysis of the study was based on the yield and economic returns. The yield and total gross margin as measures of profitability were found to be significantly higher in the area by the use of motorized pump. Socio economics characteristics of the motorized pump users were analyzed.

Field trials were conducted during the 2009-12 dry seasons at the Teaching and Research Farm of t... more Field trials were conducted during the 2009-12 dry seasons at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Kebbi State University of Science and Technology located at Jega in the Sudan savannah zone of Nigeria . The aim was to evaluate the yield performance of three Irish potat o ( Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties and the economics of production under different irrigation intervals and NPK rates in the study area. Treatments consisted of three ir rigation intervals (3, 6 and 9 days), four rates of NPK (20:10:10) fertilize r (0, 300, 600 and 900 kg NPK ha -1 ) and three varieties of potato (Bertita, Diamant and Nicola). Factorial combinat ions of irrigation intervals and fertilizer rates w ere allocated to the main-plots, while varieties were assigned to the su b-plots in a split plot design, replicated three ti mes. The size of each sub-plot was 4.5 x 3m (13.5m). Result of the cost-b enefit analysis revealed that the revenue per naira invested (RNI) was highest when 600 kg NPK ha -1 was app...

This study focused on Profitability and constraints of pig production in southern Kebbi State. A ... more This study focused on Profitability and constraints of pig production in southern Kebbi State. A purposive and Snowball sampling techniques were employed in the selection of 252 pig farms. The data obtained from the farmers were analyzed using descriptive statistics and net farm income. The rate of return on investment was 1.70. This implies that every ₦1 invested in the pig business yielded ₦1.70K as profit. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) of 2.70, which means pig production, is a profitable business. The gross ratio of 0.36 implies that 36K is spent for every one naira gained in the business. The cost of feeds had 48.0%, water had 32.7%, labor 14.3%, cost of stocking piglets 4.7% and medication had 0.3%, housing cost 77.4% and feeders had 22.6%. Majority of the farmers (40.0%) reported cost of commercial feeds and feed ingredients as their major problem in pig production, followed by Insufficient startup funds (16.6%), effect of religion (9.5%), Low demand for Pigs and their products...

This study analyzes the technical efficiency of pig production in southern Kebbi State. A purposi... more This study analyzes the technical efficiency of pig production in southern Kebbi State. A purposive and snowball sampling techniques were used in the selection of 252 pig farmers. The data obtained from the farmers were analyzed using descriptive statistics and stochastic frontier production function, using a linearized Cobb–Douglas production function in determining the technical efficiency and inefficiency level of the farms in the study area. The results indicated that gender of the farmers, farming experience; household size and management system were negative and significant at 10%, implying that any increase in these variables will lead to increase in their technical efficiency level. The estimated gamma parameter of the model was 8.77, which indicates that about 91.23% of the total variation in pig output among the producers could be attributed to differences in their technical efficiencies. The mean technical efficiency of the pig farmers is 0.70, and the minimum technical e...

Fresh Fruits and vegetables (FFV) retailers of various formats are dynamically influencing custom... more Fresh Fruits and vegetables (FFV) retailers of various formats are dynamically influencing customers to patronize at their stores. On the other hand, fresh fruits and vegetables consumers are always evaluating which of these retail formats to choose for FFV purchases. This study employs Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-OR) model to compare consumer format choice between night market and hypermarket retail formats and to evaluate the impact of demographic factor (income level) of consumers on their choice of retail formats for FFV purchases. Mediation effect of attitude as an organism on relationship between stimulus and © Abdullah, Gindi, Ismail & Nawi Licensed under Creative Common Page 200 response was also evaluated. A consumer's survey was conducted with 700 respondents from Klang Valley Area, Malaysia. A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used in analyzing the data. Based on the empirical results of night markets and hypermarkets' retail formats, the models significant...

Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ), 2016

The objective of this study is to determine the shopping drivers that influence consumers to choo... more The objective of this study is to determine the shopping drivers that influence consumers to choose the night market or wet market for fresh fruit and vegetable (FFV) purchases. The study also investigates whether any differences in behavior among generational cohorts exist while purchasing fresh fruits and vegetables between two retail formats. The cluster sampling technique was applied to the entire population of Klang Valley area in Malaysia, and 700 respondents were randomly selected for this research. Perceived freshness, perceived quality and perceived safety of the fresh fruits and vegetables are the most important shopping drivers in a consumer's decision to purchase FFV in night market and wet market retail formats. The findings show that members of different generational cohorts have different perceptions about freshness, quality and safety of fresh fruits and vegetables purchased in night market and wet market retail formats.

International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Bioresearch, 2021

The study attempts to investigate marketing of onion in Aliero Local Government Area, Kebbi State... more The study attempts to investigate marketing of onion in Aliero Local Government Area, Kebbi State Nigeria, and the structure in existence in onion market and compare the cost and returns for both market participants. Market information was collected through a purposive sampling technique from which 70 respondents each from both the wholesalers and retailers were selected. Costs and returns of wholesalers and retailers were obtained with average gross return of N19,875 k and N19,666 k per bag respectively. The Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient were used in determining relative concentration and equality/inequality distribution in the market. The graph of the Lorenz curve was plotted from the cumulative proportional aggregate sales versus the proportion of the retailers ’ population per month. The Gini coefficient was also calculated using the Lorenz curve graph and the value of 0.42 was obtained. The value indicates the difference or level of concentration by the few groups of retail...


Asian journal of agriculture and rural development, 2015

The main objective of this research is to determine the reliability of the new developed instrume... more The main objective of this research is to determine the reliability of the new developed instruments of farmers? attitudes toward types of risks in paddy production. The different income level groups farmers? attitude were compared. The data were collected from 286 paddy farmers at Selangor Integrated Agricultural Development Area (IADA), Malaysia. The Cronbach?s alpha coefficient of 0.894 was obtained, which is above the minimum acceptable value of 0.70. One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test was conducted to determine whether significant difference on the attitude toward risk exist among different income level groups farmers. The ANOVA result shows significant differences in their attitudes toward risks with respect to three categories of risks: Production risk F (2, 282) = 21.477, P = 0.001, Financial risk F (2, 283) =21. 506, P= 0.001, and Environmental risk F (2, 283) = 27.245, P = 0.001

There are several retail formats in existence in Malaysia competing for fresh fruits and vegetabl... more There are several retail formats in existence in Malaysia competing for fresh fruits and vegetables consumers’ loyalty. On the other hand, fresh fruits and vegetables consumers are always evaluating which of these fresh fruits and vegetables (FFV) retail formats to choose for their FFV purchases. This study employs Stimulus – Organism – Response (S-O-R) model to compare consumers format choice between FFV night market and hypermarket retail formats and to evaluate the impact of demographic factor (income level) of consumers on their choice of retail formats for FFV purchases. A consumer’s survey was conducted with 700 respondents in Klang Valley Area, Malaysia. Based on the empirical results of night markets and hypermarkets’ retail formats, the model significantly fits for the two retail formats’ and income level is not a moderator on the relationships between stimulus and response for the two retail formats’ models.

This study attempts to identify attributes or factors influencing consumers’ retail formats choic... more This study attempts to identify attributes or factors influencing consumers’ retail formats choice in fresh fruits (FF) purchase. The study covered consumers in Klang Valley area, Malaysia and period of the study is between June to December 2014. Seven hundred (700) respondents were randomly selected using multi- stage cluster sampling technique. The demographic characteristics result of the respondents includes their educational level, income level and their marital status. The product attributes considered most important by the fresh fruits consumers are level of ripening (72%), size and shape of the fruit (65%) and color of the fruits (63%). Freshness, safety of the product and product quality are the three factors yielded from the factor analysis. Likewise, convenience, entertainment and services offered are the retail formats attributes considered by the fresh fruits consumers. From the regression results it was observed that all the estimated factors have significant effect on...

Fresh Fruits and vegetables (FFV) retailers of various formats are dynamically influencing custom... more Fresh Fruits and vegetables (FFV) retailers of various formats are dynamically influencing customers to patronize at their stores. On the other hand, fresh fruits and vegetables consumers are always evaluating which of these retail formats to choose for FFV purchases. This study employs Stimulus –Organism –Response (S-O-R) model to compare consumer format choice between night market and hypermarket retail formats and to evaluate the impact of demographic factor (income level) of consumers on their choice of retail formats for FFV purchases. Mediation effect of attitude as an organism on relationship between stimulus and response was also evaluated. A consumer’s survey was conducted with 700 respondents from Klang Valley Area, Malaysia. A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used in analyzing the data. Based on the empirical results of night markets and hypermarkets’ retail formats, the models significantly fit the two retail formats and income level is not a moderator on the relat...

Understanding consumer segment is important especially in developing effective marketing strategi... more Understanding consumer segment is important especially in developing effective marketing strategies. Segmentation of the consumers depend on various factors including socio demographic factors of the consumers, product line to be considered, types of retail store used, attributes of the product as well as that of the store among other factors. This study examined and segmented the fresh vegetable consumers based on the product attributes and store attributes considered by the consumers in their fresh vegetable purchases. Results of the study indicate the most important fresh vegetable attributes and that of retail formats considered by the Klang valley fresh vegetable consumers when purchasing the product. Also applying statistical analysis technique to the data collected from the fresh vegetable consumers; they were segmented into three different segments each with its peculiar characteristics that differ from the other. The result suggests that for effective marketing strategies, ...

Journal of Food Science, 2017

Using Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-OR) framework, this study examines Stimulus-Response relation... more Using Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-OR) framework, this study examines Stimulus-Response relationships of fresh vegetable consumers' behavior in Klang Valley, Malaysia. In particular, the study focused on how loyalty drivers affect retail formats choice by the fresh vegetable (FV) consumers. The Stimuli that pertain to loyalty drivers include promotional activities, perceived price and social interaction and the Response is the retail format choice. Three hypotheses were developed and tested with the data collected from a survey using simple random sampling technique. Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used in analyzing the data. Results of the study revealed that Stimuli (loyalty drivers) influence Response (retail format choice) for the different FV markets in Malaysia. Based on the finding of the research, Malaysian retailers have different marketing strategies to be considered with regards to loyalty drivers.

The study investigates technical efficiency of irrigated rice farmers in Kebbi State. Data from a... more The study investigates technical efficiency of irrigated rice farmers in Kebbi State. Data from a total of 240 rice farmers were collected using multi-stage and simple random sampling procedures with the aid of structured questionnaire. The study employed descriptive statistics and a trans-log stochastic frontier production model in describing and analyzing the data. The results revealed that output is positively influenced by seed (0.456), herbicide (0.145) and labour (0.094). It was also revealed that education, farming experience, extension visit, credit access, seed variety and harvesting technology significantly reduces the technical inefficiency of producers. The mean technical efficiency of rice farms was 86.1% indicating that losses of rice output exist by 13.9% is due to inefficiency attributed to the farmers in the study area. It is concluded that farmers in the study area possesses inefficiency levels in their resource use, therefore, recommended that farmers should be en...

Understanding consumer segment is important especially in marketing strategies. Segmentation of t... more Understanding consumer segment is important especially in marketing strategies. Segmentation of the consumers depend on many factors including socio demographic factors of the consumers, product line to be considered, types of retail formats used by the consumers, attributes of the product as well as that of retail formats among other factors. This study examined and segmented the fresh fruits consumers based on the product attributes and store attributes considered by the consumers in choosing the place for their fresh fruits purchases. Results of the study indicates the most important fresh fruits attributes and that of retail formats considered by the Klang valley fresh fruits consumers when purchasing the product. Also using statistical analysis technique with the data collected from the fresh fruits consumers; they were segmented into three different segments each with its peculiar characteristics different from the other. The result suggests that for effective marketing strate...

This study assessed the effect of Village Savings and Loan Associations (VSLAs) of the PROACT pro... more This study assessed the effect of Village Savings and Loan Associations (VSLAs) of the PROACT program on farmers’ food security and income in Kebbi State. Primary data were collected from a total of 576 respondents comprised of 288 participating farmers and 288 non – participating farmers sampled through the multistage sampling procedure. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, logit regression model, and propensity score matching techniques. The PSM result on the income of participants compared with non-participants revealed an average difference in income of ₦339,816.67 which was statistically significant at p≤0.01 probability level. The result of the propensity score matching (PSM) on food security shows an average treatment effect (ATE) score of 5.90 which was significant at p≤0.01 probability level. The difference in the average food security score shows the level of contribution of VSLA to household food security of the participants. The study concluded that VSLA ...

Several inter – linked socio – economic phenomena including urbanization, population and income g... more Several inter – linked socio – economic phenomena including urbanization, population and income growth and its associated changes in lifestyle of people, household structure, and growing young population, have dramatic impact on the way fruits and vegetables are produced, distributed, purchased and consumed. For most developing and emerging countries, including Malaysia, traditional retail formats are being strongly competed by modern retail formats especially for freshly food produce. Before the emerging of modern retail formats, the Malaysian consumers have no choice than to patronized traditional retail outlets for fresh fruits and vegetables purchases. But with the emergence of modern retail outlets in 1990s, which provides Malaysian consumers more alternatives on how and where to make fresh fruits and vegetables shopping. Alongside with this development from the consumers’ perspective, the competition within retailing in Malaysia has intensified. There is a need for the retaile...

Direct Research Journal of Agriculture and Food Science, 2020

The study was carried out in two States of NorthWestern Nigeria, Kebbi and Sokoto States covering... more The study was carried out in two States of NorthWestern Nigeria, Kebbi and Sokoto States covering the largest markets in the state capitals of the two states. The market's selection was purposive, based on high patronage of locally processed and imported rice in the markets. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model was designed to test the multidimensionality of the theoretical constructs. Specifically, we test the hypothesis that rice quality is multidimensional which composed of three factors; Experience attributes (EXP), Search attributes (SEAR) and Credence attributes (CRE). From the result of the study, an examination of regression weight reveals that almost all estimates to be both reasonable and statistically significant; and all standard errors appear also to be in good order. The results of the study revealed new quality scales have three dimensions and some of the items have very little loading on the factor thy supposed to measure but all the items are intended to measure determinants or factors of consumers' preference.

This study was designed to analyze the potentials of motorized pump toward food production in Keb... more This study was designed to analyze the potentials of motorized pump toward food production in Kebbi State. To achieve this, data were collected from the farmers producing onions, tomato, sweet potato, cassava, lettuce and rice, under pump irrigation in Birnin Kebbi Local Government Area of Kebbi State, during 2012 (November-February) dry season. A structured questionnaire was administered to a sample of 80 irrigation farmers who used Motorized Pump in irrigating their crops. Analysis of the study was based on the yield and economic returns. The yield and total gross margin as measures of profitability were found to be significantly higher in the area by the use of motorized pump. Socio economics characteristics of the motorized pump users were analyzed.

Field trials were conducted during the 2009-12 dry seasons at the Teaching and Research Farm of t... more Field trials were conducted during the 2009-12 dry seasons at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Kebbi State University of Science and Technology located at Jega in the Sudan savannah zone of Nigeria . The aim was to evaluate the yield performance of three Irish potat o ( Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties and the economics of production under different irrigation intervals and NPK rates in the study area. Treatments consisted of three ir rigation intervals (3, 6 and 9 days), four rates of NPK (20:10:10) fertilize r (0, 300, 600 and 900 kg NPK ha -1 ) and three varieties of potato (Bertita, Diamant and Nicola). Factorial combinat ions of irrigation intervals and fertilizer rates w ere allocated to the main-plots, while varieties were assigned to the su b-plots in a split plot design, replicated three ti mes. The size of each sub-plot was 4.5 x 3m (13.5m). Result of the cost-b enefit analysis revealed that the revenue per naira invested (RNI) was highest when 600 kg NPK ha -1 was app...

This study focused on Profitability and constraints of pig production in southern Kebbi State. A ... more This study focused on Profitability and constraints of pig production in southern Kebbi State. A purposive and Snowball sampling techniques were employed in the selection of 252 pig farms. The data obtained from the farmers were analyzed using descriptive statistics and net farm income. The rate of return on investment was 1.70. This implies that every ₦1 invested in the pig business yielded ₦1.70K as profit. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) of 2.70, which means pig production, is a profitable business. The gross ratio of 0.36 implies that 36K is spent for every one naira gained in the business. The cost of feeds had 48.0%, water had 32.7%, labor 14.3%, cost of stocking piglets 4.7% and medication had 0.3%, housing cost 77.4% and feeders had 22.6%. Majority of the farmers (40.0%) reported cost of commercial feeds and feed ingredients as their major problem in pig production, followed by Insufficient startup funds (16.6%), effect of religion (9.5%), Low demand for Pigs and their products...

This study analyzes the technical efficiency of pig production in southern Kebbi State. A purposi... more This study analyzes the technical efficiency of pig production in southern Kebbi State. A purposive and snowball sampling techniques were used in the selection of 252 pig farmers. The data obtained from the farmers were analyzed using descriptive statistics and stochastic frontier production function, using a linearized Cobb–Douglas production function in determining the technical efficiency and inefficiency level of the farms in the study area. The results indicated that gender of the farmers, farming experience; household size and management system were negative and significant at 10%, implying that any increase in these variables will lead to increase in their technical efficiency level. The estimated gamma parameter of the model was 8.77, which indicates that about 91.23% of the total variation in pig output among the producers could be attributed to differences in their technical efficiencies. The mean technical efficiency of the pig farmers is 0.70, and the minimum technical e...

Fresh Fruits and vegetables (FFV) retailers of various formats are dynamically influencing custom... more Fresh Fruits and vegetables (FFV) retailers of various formats are dynamically influencing customers to patronize at their stores. On the other hand, fresh fruits and vegetables consumers are always evaluating which of these retail formats to choose for FFV purchases. This study employs Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-OR) model to compare consumer format choice between night market and hypermarket retail formats and to evaluate the impact of demographic factor (income level) of consumers on their choice of retail formats for FFV purchases. Mediation effect of attitude as an organism on relationship between stimulus and © Abdullah, Gindi, Ismail & Nawi Licensed under Creative Common Page 200 response was also evaluated. A consumer's survey was conducted with 700 respondents from Klang Valley Area, Malaysia. A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used in analyzing the data. Based on the empirical results of night markets and hypermarkets' retail formats, the models significant...

Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ), 2016

The objective of this study is to determine the shopping drivers that influence consumers to choo... more The objective of this study is to determine the shopping drivers that influence consumers to choose the night market or wet market for fresh fruit and vegetable (FFV) purchases. The study also investigates whether any differences in behavior among generational cohorts exist while purchasing fresh fruits and vegetables between two retail formats. The cluster sampling technique was applied to the entire population of Klang Valley area in Malaysia, and 700 respondents were randomly selected for this research. Perceived freshness, perceived quality and perceived safety of the fresh fruits and vegetables are the most important shopping drivers in a consumer's decision to purchase FFV in night market and wet market retail formats. The findings show that members of different generational cohorts have different perceptions about freshness, quality and safety of fresh fruits and vegetables purchased in night market and wet market retail formats.

International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Bioresearch, 2021

The study attempts to investigate marketing of onion in Aliero Local Government Area, Kebbi State... more The study attempts to investigate marketing of onion in Aliero Local Government Area, Kebbi State Nigeria, and the structure in existence in onion market and compare the cost and returns for both market participants. Market information was collected through a purposive sampling technique from which 70 respondents each from both the wholesalers and retailers were selected. Costs and returns of wholesalers and retailers were obtained with average gross return of N19,875 k and N19,666 k per bag respectively. The Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient were used in determining relative concentration and equality/inequality distribution in the market. The graph of the Lorenz curve was plotted from the cumulative proportional aggregate sales versus the proportion of the retailers ’ population per month. The Gini coefficient was also calculated using the Lorenz curve graph and the value of 0.42 was obtained. The value indicates the difference or level of concentration by the few groups of retail...


Asian journal of agriculture and rural development, 2015

The main objective of this research is to determine the reliability of the new developed instrume... more The main objective of this research is to determine the reliability of the new developed instruments of farmers? attitudes toward types of risks in paddy production. The different income level groups farmers? attitude were compared. The data were collected from 286 paddy farmers at Selangor Integrated Agricultural Development Area (IADA), Malaysia. The Cronbach?s alpha coefficient of 0.894 was obtained, which is above the minimum acceptable value of 0.70. One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test was conducted to determine whether significant difference on the attitude toward risk exist among different income level groups farmers. The ANOVA result shows significant differences in their attitudes toward risks with respect to three categories of risks: Production risk F (2, 282) = 21.477, P = 0.001, Financial risk F (2, 283) =21. 506, P= 0.001, and Environmental risk F (2, 283) = 27.245, P = 0.001

There are several retail formats in existence in Malaysia competing for fresh fruits and vegetabl... more There are several retail formats in existence in Malaysia competing for fresh fruits and vegetables consumers’ loyalty. On the other hand, fresh fruits and vegetables consumers are always evaluating which of these fresh fruits and vegetables (FFV) retail formats to choose for their FFV purchases. This study employs Stimulus – Organism – Response (S-O-R) model to compare consumers format choice between FFV night market and hypermarket retail formats and to evaluate the impact of demographic factor (income level) of consumers on their choice of retail formats for FFV purchases. A consumer’s survey was conducted with 700 respondents in Klang Valley Area, Malaysia. Based on the empirical results of night markets and hypermarkets’ retail formats, the model significantly fits for the two retail formats’ and income level is not a moderator on the relationships between stimulus and response for the two retail formats’ models.

This study attempts to identify attributes or factors influencing consumers’ retail formats choic... more This study attempts to identify attributes or factors influencing consumers’ retail formats choice in fresh fruits (FF) purchase. The study covered consumers in Klang Valley area, Malaysia and period of the study is between June to December 2014. Seven hundred (700) respondents were randomly selected using multi- stage cluster sampling technique. The demographic characteristics result of the respondents includes their educational level, income level and their marital status. The product attributes considered most important by the fresh fruits consumers are level of ripening (72%), size and shape of the fruit (65%) and color of the fruits (63%). Freshness, safety of the product and product quality are the three factors yielded from the factor analysis. Likewise, convenience, entertainment and services offered are the retail formats attributes considered by the fresh fruits consumers. From the regression results it was observed that all the estimated factors have significant effect on...

Fresh Fruits and vegetables (FFV) retailers of various formats are dynamically influencing custom... more Fresh Fruits and vegetables (FFV) retailers of various formats are dynamically influencing customers to patronize at their stores. On the other hand, fresh fruits and vegetables consumers are always evaluating which of these retail formats to choose for FFV purchases. This study employs Stimulus –Organism –Response (S-O-R) model to compare consumer format choice between night market and hypermarket retail formats and to evaluate the impact of demographic factor (income level) of consumers on their choice of retail formats for FFV purchases. Mediation effect of attitude as an organism on relationship between stimulus and response was also evaluated. A consumer’s survey was conducted with 700 respondents from Klang Valley Area, Malaysia. A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used in analyzing the data. Based on the empirical results of night markets and hypermarkets’ retail formats, the models significantly fit the two retail formats and income level is not a moderator on the relat...

Understanding consumer segment is important especially in developing effective marketing strategi... more Understanding consumer segment is important especially in developing effective marketing strategies. Segmentation of the consumers depend on various factors including socio demographic factors of the consumers, product line to be considered, types of retail store used, attributes of the product as well as that of the store among other factors. This study examined and segmented the fresh vegetable consumers based on the product attributes and store attributes considered by the consumers in their fresh vegetable purchases. Results of the study indicate the most important fresh vegetable attributes and that of retail formats considered by the Klang valley fresh vegetable consumers when purchasing the product. Also applying statistical analysis technique to the data collected from the fresh vegetable consumers; they were segmented into three different segments each with its peculiar characteristics that differ from the other. The result suggests that for effective marketing strategies, ...

Journal of Food Science, 2017

Using Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-OR) framework, this study examines Stimulus-Response relation... more Using Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-OR) framework, this study examines Stimulus-Response relationships of fresh vegetable consumers' behavior in Klang Valley, Malaysia. In particular, the study focused on how loyalty drivers affect retail formats choice by the fresh vegetable (FV) consumers. The Stimuli that pertain to loyalty drivers include promotional activities, perceived price and social interaction and the Response is the retail format choice. Three hypotheses were developed and tested with the data collected from a survey using simple random sampling technique. Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used in analyzing the data. Results of the study revealed that Stimuli (loyalty drivers) influence Response (retail format choice) for the different FV markets in Malaysia. Based on the finding of the research, Malaysian retailers have different marketing strategies to be considered with regards to loyalty drivers.

The study investigates technical efficiency of irrigated rice farmers in Kebbi State. Data from a... more The study investigates technical efficiency of irrigated rice farmers in Kebbi State. Data from a total of 240 rice farmers were collected using multi-stage and simple random sampling procedures with the aid of structured questionnaire. The study employed descriptive statistics and a trans-log stochastic frontier production model in describing and analyzing the data. The results revealed that output is positively influenced by seed (0.456), herbicide (0.145) and labour (0.094). It was also revealed that education, farming experience, extension visit, credit access, seed variety and harvesting technology significantly reduces the technical inefficiency of producers. The mean technical efficiency of rice farms was 86.1% indicating that losses of rice output exist by 13.9% is due to inefficiency attributed to the farmers in the study area. It is concluded that farmers in the study area possesses inefficiency levels in their resource use, therefore, recommended that farmers should be en...

Understanding consumer segment is important especially in marketing strategies. Segmentation of t... more Understanding consumer segment is important especially in marketing strategies. Segmentation of the consumers depend on many factors including socio demographic factors of the consumers, product line to be considered, types of retail formats used by the consumers, attributes of the product as well as that of retail formats among other factors. This study examined and segmented the fresh fruits consumers based on the product attributes and store attributes considered by the consumers in choosing the place for their fresh fruits purchases. Results of the study indicates the most important fresh fruits attributes and that of retail formats considered by the Klang valley fresh fruits consumers when purchasing the product. Also using statistical analysis technique with the data collected from the fresh fruits consumers; they were segmented into three different segments each with its peculiar characteristics different from the other. The result suggests that for effective marketing strate...

This study assessed the effect of Village Savings and Loan Associations (VSLAs) of the PROACT pro... more This study assessed the effect of Village Savings and Loan Associations (VSLAs) of the PROACT program on farmers’ food security and income in Kebbi State. Primary data were collected from a total of 576 respondents comprised of 288 participating farmers and 288 non – participating farmers sampled through the multistage sampling procedure. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, logit regression model, and propensity score matching techniques. The PSM result on the income of participants compared with non-participants revealed an average difference in income of ₦339,816.67 which was statistically significant at p≤0.01 probability level. The result of the propensity score matching (PSM) on food security shows an average treatment effect (ATE) score of 5.90 which was significant at p≤0.01 probability level. The difference in the average food security score shows the level of contribution of VSLA to household food security of the participants. The study concluded that VSLA ...

Several inter – linked socio – economic phenomena including urbanization, population and income g... more Several inter – linked socio – economic phenomena including urbanization, population and income growth and its associated changes in lifestyle of people, household structure, and growing young population, have dramatic impact on the way fruits and vegetables are produced, distributed, purchased and consumed. For most developing and emerging countries, including Malaysia, traditional retail formats are being strongly competed by modern retail formats especially for freshly food produce. Before the emerging of modern retail formats, the Malaysian consumers have no choice than to patronized traditional retail outlets for fresh fruits and vegetables purchases. But with the emergence of modern retail outlets in 1990s, which provides Malaysian consumers more alternatives on how and where to make fresh fruits and vegetables shopping. Alongside with this development from the consumers’ perspective, the competition within retailing in Malaysia has intensified. There is a need for the retaile...