Abel Talabi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Abel Talabi

International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology, 2016

Shallow groundwater in Ikere-Ekiti was assessed for potability and irrigation employing chemical ... more Shallow groundwater in Ikere-Ekiti was assessed for potability and irrigation employing chemical and bacterial analyses. Twenty two groundwater samples were collected and analyzed using Atomic absorption spectrometer for cations and ion chromatographic method for anions determinations (˚C), pH and electrical conductivity (EC) (µS/cm) were measured in the field using pH Testr meter. The bacteriological analysis was carried out using nutrient agar medium to obtain plate count of living bacteria. Results of the analysis revealed that all EC values were less than 1000µS/cm indicating fresh water. The pH with average values of 9.48, 7.82 and 7.44 in migmatite, granite and charnockitic terrains respectively exceeded the approved standard (6.5-8.5) for drinking water in two samples from migmatite, one sample from granitic terrain and none from the charnockites. Sodium was the dominant cation with average concentrations (mg/L) of 95.65, 38.33 and 6.61 in migmatite, granite and charnockite respectively while K + ions in the same order of rock units have average concentrations (mg/L) of 60.49, 32.33 and 15.77. The average concentrations (mg/L) of Ca 2+ ions in groundwater located on migmatite, granite and charnockitic terrains were 36.67, 24.63 and 10.98 respectively while those for Mg 2+ were 9.94, 7.48 and 4.57. The order of cation abundance was Na + > K + > Ca 2+ > Mg 2+. In respect of the major anions, Clwas dominant with average concentrations (mg/L) in charnockites (187.20) within approved standard of 250mg/L while the average values (mg/L) in migmatite (475.2) and granite (340.62) exceeded the standard value. Following the same sequence of rock units, HCO3average concentrations (mg/L) were 34.6mg/L, 27.07mg/L and 25.7. Sulphate and nitrate were less dominant ions and the order of anions abundance in the groundwater was Cl-> HCO3-> SO4 2-> NO3-. Bacteria evaluation revealed that all sampled groundwater tested positive to bacteria with TBC values (CFU/100ml) ranging from 1.76X10 8 to 1.78X10 9 in migmatite, 5.3x10 5 to 8.9x10 8 in granite and 2.55x10 7 to 8.2x10 8 in charnockite. Gibb's diagram revealed that chemical weathering of rock-forming minerals has contributed to solute source in the groundwater of the area. Water type on migmatite was mainly NaCl while granite and charnockite had NaCl and CaCl types revealing lithologic effects. Irrigation water quality assessment employing Sodium absorption ratio (SAR), Soluble sodium percent (SSP), Residual sodium bicarbonate (RSBC) and Permeability index (PI) revealed that the groundwater is suitable for irrigation purpose. Groundwater in the study area is low mineralized, chemically potable, suitable for irrigation but infected by bacteria pollutants. Differences in rock types affected the chemistry of the groundwater as reflected in their physico-chemical compositions, water facies and irrigation quality.

American journal of water resources, Jan 23, 2013

Ikogosi warm spring is a unique tourist centre where warm and cold spring waters flow together. C... more Ikogosi warm spring is a unique tourist centre where warm and cold spring waters flow together. Consequently, understanding the hydrochemical processes and recharge source are critical to the sustainability and management of the warm spring. Hence, stable isotopes (δ 18 O and δ 2 H) and hydrochemical study of Ikogosi spring waters was carried out to conceptualize the recharge source and the extent of water-rock interaction on the hydrochemical evolution of the waters. The study approach involved field sampling and in-situ measurements of physico-chemical parameters followed by laboratory hydrochemical and stable isotope analyses of the spring water samples. The hydrochemical analysis revealed that Ikogosi spring water is alkaline in nature with values ranging between 7.4 and 9.0. The TDS ranges from 14.3 to 66.8 mg/L with mean value of 49.2mg/L while the TH is from 6.3 to 39.0mg/L with mean value of 27.61mg/L. All EC values for the sampled spring waters were below 1000µS/cm indicating fresh water. Ca 2+ was the dominant cation with value ranging from 2.2-9.6mg/L while Clwas the dominant anion with value ranging from 88.6-144.0mg/L. The spring water is low mineralized and hydrochemically potable. Rock-water interactions were the dominant processes controlling the major ion composition of the spring while the dominant water was Ca (Mg)-Cl type. Stable isotopes analysis revealed recharge from recent precipitation. Conclusively, Ikogosi spring waters have low EC and TDS along with low total hardness (TH) values suggesting a low mineralized soft fresh water system recharged from recent precipitation with limited residence time.

American journal of water resources, May 12, 2014

Geophysical study of the Northeastern part of Owo was conducted to investigate the geoelectric ch... more Geophysical study of the Northeastern part of Owo was conducted to investigate the geoelectric characteristics of its aquiferous units and its implication on groundwater potential of the area. Vertical electrical sounding method was employed and Schlumberger configuration was adopted. Thirty-two points were sounded along three different sections of the town namely; Idasen, Okedogbon and Express (Figure 1). Six different subsurface lithologic units were established namely; lateritic topsoil, clay, sand, quartzite, weathered/fractured basement and, basement. The curve types range between simple H, K, HA, HK, KH to complex, HKH, KHA and KHK. The topsoil, clay, sand and weathered basement materials are characterised with relatively low resistivity values while the quartzite ridge materials are characterized with high resistivity values. The average resistivity and thickness values for the topsoil are 220 Ωm and 2.0 m respectively. Clay was encountered across Okedogbon and Express area of the town and the average resistivity and thickness values of 34 Ωm and 6.0 m respectively. Sand was encountered across the entire study area with average resistivity and thickness values of 115 Ωm and 11.0 m respectively. Quartzite was encountered in all the locations with average resistivity and thickness values of 611 Ωm and 11.0 m respectively. Weathered/fractured basement was encountered across the three sections with average resistivity and thickness values of 86 Ωm and 12.0 m respectively. Basement is relatively deep in the study area and the average resistivity and depth values to the top of basement are 878 Ωm, and 24 m respectively. Overburden thickness was established across the area with an average value of 20 m. The overburden materials with the fractured basement constitutes aquiferous units within the study area though the sand and weathered basement units are largely responsible for the groundwater potential. The groundwater potential of the area is moderate with Express area having the highest potential.

International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, Sep 25, 2014

Drinking contaminated groundwater can have serious health effects. Bacterial assessment of ground... more Drinking contaminated groundwater can have serious health effects. Bacterial assessment of groundwater in Ekiti State was carried out to determine its potability and source(s) of pollutants. Consequently, 73 groundwater samples were collected for bacterial analysis and NO3determination. At each location, depth of each well and depth to water table were measured using dipmeter. Temperature (°C), EC (µS/cm) and pH were measured insitu using a multiparameter potable meter (model Testr-35). Subsequently, the bacteriological analysis was carried out using nutrient agar medium to obtain plate count of living bacteria (viable cell count) while Coliform count was achieved using a lactose medium inoculated with serial dilution of the sample. Nitrate (NO3-) concentrations in the groundwater were determined colorimetrically by Spectronic-20 (Gallenkamp, UK). In situ measurements revealed that pH ranged from 6.0-8.9 (av. 6.87), NO3-(mg/L) 1.2 to 19 (av. 6.86) mg/L while EC<1000µS/cm for all sampled groundwater. Virtually all samples tested positive to bacterial contamination with coliform count ranging from 0-8 (av. 2.15) cfu/100mL and total bacteria count (TBC) from 2-25 (av. 9.42) cfu/100ml. The groundwater in the study area is low mineralized fresh water. However, it has been polluted bacteriologically arising principally from surface phenomena of improper disposal of wastes and human faeces.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Oct 6, 2022

Urban cities are noted for technological and economic advancement but are also the convergent loc... more Urban cities are noted for technological and economic advancement but are also the convergent localities for poverty, humans' disparity, environmental degradations and the propagation of communicable diseases. This study examined groundwater distribution in urban settlement with a view to identify and proffer solutions to the associated problems of improper distribution of groundwater in such area. Literature search was employed mainly to unravel the various groundwater distribution techniques and inferences were made on how to improve the distribution techniques. The study reveal springs, sunk wells and boreholes as the main methods of groundwater distribution in urban areas. Urban settlement leads to uncontrollable rise in population which adversely affects the quantity and quality of the groundwater. There is a general decrease in quantity due to overexploitation while the quality degraded as a result of pollution from industrial waste and the people. In addition, pollution could be linked to saltwater intrusion since most urban regions of the world are in the coastal area. Groundwater distribution could be ameliorated through recharge management employing artificial recharge. Degraded groundwater quality could be treated to the standard of potable water. Protecting groundwater resources amidst the prevailing rapid urbanization represent a considerable challenge that can lead to escalating costs of provision of drinking water in the areas and cause considerable decrease in public health conditions. Also, as it is technologically difficult and economically expensive to treat a contaminated aquifer, groundwater protection measures must be sought beforehand.

Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, Jan 10, 2017

This study evaluated the structural competence of the subsurface geological materials around Led ... more This study evaluated the structural competence of the subsurface geological materials around Led School Area in Bishini, NW Nigeria to delineate the area that is suitable for building development. Twenty Seven vertical electrical soundings (VES) points were occupied in the study area employing ABEM Terrameter SAS 300C with Schlumberger electrode configuration of maximum electrode separation AB/2=150 m. The field resistivity data were interpreted using Win RESIST software. The results from the 2-D interpretation of the VES data were used to prepare the geoelectric sections along four cross sections. The interpreted results showed that the geoelectric sections consist of Original Research Article

Social Science Research Network, 2023

Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, 2020

American Journal of Water Resources, Nov 27, 2013

Surface water is an important water resource for drinking and irrigation purposes in the central ... more Surface water is an important water resource for drinking and irrigation purposes in the central part of Ekiti-State. The water bodies are used with little attention to their quality status in addition to increased threat of anthropogenic contamination in view of rapid growth in population. The objectives of this study were to determine the physico-chemical characteristics of surface water, its hydrochemical controls and suitability for drinking and irrigation. Forty surface water samples were investigated. Field measurements of physical parameters were preceded by chemical analyses of the samples for major ions concentrations and bacteriological content. The surface water has pH ranging from 8.3 – 9.6 implying that the water was barely alkaline. Electrical conductivity [<205 µS/cm] and total dissolved solids [<154 mg/l] were low suggesting low-mineralised freshwater. The relative abundance of major ions [mg/L] was Na+>Ca2+>Mg2+>K+ for cations and Cl- >SO42-> HC...

Modeling Earth Systems and Environment

The subsurface of a suspected fault zone at Ojirami Southwestern Nigeria was investigated using t... more The subsurface of a suspected fault zone at Ojirami Southwestern Nigeria was investigated using the four-electrode array model of the electrical resistivity method of geophysical prospecting. Measurements were taken along four traverses using the 1-D and 2-D electrical resistivity field techniques. The Schlumberger and dipole–dipole electrode configurations were respectively utilized for each of the techniques. The 1-D data were interpreted by partial curve matching and computer iteration using the IPI2Win ® software. The data obtained from the 2-D ERI were processed and migrated using the Dipro for Windows ® 4.0 inversion software. Inversion was done using the finite element modelling (FEM) method. The second-order smoothness constraint was used and five iterations were carried out on each data set. Three 2-D resistivity models and one geoelectric section were generated from the inverted resistivity data. A resistivity depth slice map of the depth range of 2.5–5 m was also generated for the assessment of the spatial configuration of the suspected fault zone. Geoelectric units which include the topsoil/outcrop, weathered/faulted bedrock and the fresh bedrock were delineated by the 2-D resistivity models and the geoelectric section. The suspected fault zone manifested as zone of comparatively low resistivity (8–81 Ω-m) within two resistive (800 to > 5000 Ω m) basement bedrocks on the resistivity images and geoelectric section. The resistivity depth slice map also revealed the fault zone to be a low resistivity discontinuity within two flanks of fresh bedrocks. The study concluded that the study area is indeed a fault zone.

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Abstract This study evaluated the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in the Greater ... more Abstract This study evaluated the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in the Greater Giyani Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa. A total of ten (10) groundwater samples were collected from the existing boreholes and analysed for their hydrogeochemical properties using standard laboratory techniques. The data were interpreted using Piper diagram, Gibbs diagram and the scatter plots. The results showed that pH of the samples ranges from neutral to weakly alkaline. The abundance of major anions and cations are in the following order: HCO3− > Cl− > SO42− > NO3− and Na+>Mg2+>Ca2+>K+, respectively. The Piper diagram revealed that the hydrogeochemical facies identified in the study area are Ca–HCO3 and mixed Ca–Na–HCO3 type indicating the predominance of water-rock interaction. The water-rock interaction was further confirmed by the Gibbs diagram. The ionic ratio showed that the major ions originate from weathering of carbonate and silicate minerals. The concentration of arsenic was found to be ranging between 0.1 and 172.53 μg/L with the average of 32.21 μg/L. A total 6 out of 10 samples had arsenic concentration above the WHO recommended limit of 10 μg/L. The study calls for action from public health officials towards evaluating the correlation between arsenic concentration and arsenic related diseases and further development of arsenic remediation techniques.

American Journal of Applied Sciences

The petrography and geochemistry of Orin-Ekiti Basement rocks were evaluated to determine their m... more The petrography and geochemistry of Orin-Ekiti Basement rocks were evaluated to determine their mineralogical and chemical composition, assessed their petrogenesis and susceptibility to the formation of bauxitic clay. Ten representative rock samples were selected for thin section petrography and bulk rock geochemical analysis using Petrographic microscope and XRF, Rh Tube, 3k Watt respectively. Field observations revealed charnockites as the dominant rock in the study area with other lithotypes including granite, granite gneiss and banded gneiss. Optical examinations indicated the dominance of quartz in all the rocks suggesting the rocks are product of acidic magma. The order of oxides concentration (wt%) is SiO 2 >Al 2 O 3 >Fe 2 O 3 >CaO>K 2 O>MgO>Na 2 O>TiO 2 >P 2 O 5. Based on silica content only, the rocks in this study are classified as felsic (granite, granite gneiss and banded gneiss) with SiO 2 >65% and ultramafic (charnockites) with SiO 2 <45%. Charnockites with low SiO 2 , high Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2 compared to other rocks in the study area is considered more favourable to form bauxite. The rocks in the study area are classified into calcic-alkali and calcic groups with igneous protolith.

Asian Journal of Applied Sciences

Background Objective: River Ose has flowing water throughout the year that can serve for irrigati... more Background Objective: River Ose has flowing water throughout the year that can serve for irrigation and domestic purposes. This study examined the hydrochemistry, water quality indices and coliform counts of River Ose Water, Nigeria with a view to ascertain its suitability for drinking and irrigation.Materials and Method: For this purpose, 15 water samples were collected along the flowing river channel and subjected to physico-chemical and e-coli determination using standard methods. Water quality index (WQI) and Irrigation parameters (Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Percentage sodium (%Na), Residual sodium bicarbonate (RSBC), Kelly’s ratio (KR), Permeability index (PI) and Magnesium absorption ratio (MAR)) were calculated from the chemical data obtained from the analyses.Results: Results of the analyses revealed that pH (9.7 pH of the water samples were of alkaline nature with all the water samples exceeding approved standard for drinking water. Drinking alkaline water may deactivat...

Research Journal of Applied Sciences

Arabian Journal of Geosciences

Volumes of water in shallow wells of Ekiti State Southwestern Nigeria was estimated during the ra... more Volumes of water in shallow wells of Ekiti State Southwestern Nigeria was estimated during the rainy and dry seasons of 2017 to categorize the area into different groundwater potential zones and to scrutinize it for groundwater sustainability and development. Locations of the wells were measured using etrex 12 Channel GPS while dip meter was employed for the water levels and depths of wells. The volume of water in a well was estimated employing V = πr2h (r and h are radius and water column of well, respectively). The wells in the area have low water storage (av. 6.91m3 and 2.70m3 in rainy and dry seasons, respectively). The study area had sufficient quantity of water in the rainy season to meet domestic, agricultural, and industrial requirements as deficiency was met from rainfall replenishment. Groundwater potential evaluation revealed that majority of the study area fell into very poor to poor water categories. Groundwater sustainability and development in the study area is a herculean task due to uncoordinated sitting of wells, low storage of water in the aquifers, and erratic occurrence of the groundwater. Hygiene education should be intensified in the area to forestall the risks post by the principal elements of fecal oral disease transmission.

Asian Journal of Earth Sciences

SDRP Journal of Earth Sciences & Environmental Studies

Dams and reservoirs are a dynamic slice of our national infrastructure and provide power, water, ... more Dams and reservoirs are a dynamic slice of our national infrastructure and provide power, water, recreation, irrigation, flood protection, and many other advantages to growing populations across Nigeria. Assessing the integrity of these structures is a critical component of sustained operations. Post-Construction Integrity Assessment of Ero Dam at Ikun-Ekiti Southwest Nigeria was undertaken employing spontaneous potential (SP) and electrical resistivity surveys (VES and Dipole-Dipole) with a view to delineate the subsurface geoelectric sequence/parameters and identify structures such as faults and fractured zones, network of joints, seepages and basement depressions that are threats to the existence of the dam. SP survey revealed that the seepage zones were found within stations 2-4 inbetween distance 10-20m and stations 7-10 within 35-50m on the ground. The calculated SP depths for stations 2-4 and 7-10 were 5m and 6m respectively. The SP survey indicated the peak negative profile of the streaming potential which is a pointer to an area where there is possibility of seepage in the dam embankment. VES survey revealed that VES 1 depicted HK curve type while both VES 2 and 3 were characterized as H curve. There is marked variation in resistivity with depth across the study area with values that ranged from 37-251Ωm. Areas of lower resistivity are due to an increase in pore water content as revealed in the various resistivity values of the sounding locations. The seepage zone has low resistivity value and constitutes a point of weakness in the dam which can result in flooding of the embankment. Dipole-Dipole assessment of the Dam revealed that the first layer in the subsurface configuration of Ero Dam is laterite (ranged from 100Ωm to 230Ωm). The second layer (leaky part of the dam core) is clay with apparent resistivity values ranging between 45Ωm and 85Ωm. The resistivity value between 105Ωm and 213 Ωm approximately represents the intact dam core (weathered rock) which is the third layer characterizing competent zone. The moderately low resistivity layers are zones of interest in terms of post construction integrity assessment of a dam. The dam's core is made up of clay indicating seepage problem. In view of the SP values and results of VES and Dipole-Dipole surveys, Ero Dam suffers seepage problem and needs rehabilitation and constant maintenance.

IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology, 2017

Water samples from River Owan located within the Benin-Owena River Basin, southwestern Nigeria, w... more Water samples from River Owan located within the Benin-Owena River Basin, southwestern Nigeria, were investigated for irrigation suitability employing electrical conductivity (EC),