Abhay Kumar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Abhay Kumar

The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

The study evaluates the extent, impact and determinants of labour migration in Bihar. Data were c... more The study evaluates the extent, impact and determinants of labour migration in Bihar. Data were collected in 2011 from four hundred households (200 migrants and 200 non-migrants) four villages, each of rainfed ecosystem (Madhubani district) and partially irrigated ecosystem (East Champaran district). Non-linear model (Cobb-Douglas) was used to find out impact of migration on input efficiencies in rice production. Regression coefficients (β) were computed for major factors of production. Probit model employed to measure the determinants of migration. Study reveals that youngsters are more prone to migration to urban centers for non-farm activities. Migration helped in rational use of two critical inputs, i.e. labour and irrigation in rice production. Judicious use of human labour wasalso observed at native place due to migration of surplus labour. However, potential of land and capital (seeds, fertilizers and agricultural chemicals) are still to be exploited on both categories of ho...

The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

In the present study, an attempt has been made to test the cost efficiency of cereal crops like p... more In the present study, an attempt has been made to test the cost efficiency of cereal crops like paddy, wheat and maize separately in the state of Bihar using Stochastic Cost Frontier model. It has been tried to determine the determinants of cost inefficiencies. The study is also aimed to know the factors affecting the cost inefficiencies in production of major cereals of the state so as to ascertain proper steps to increase cost efficiency in production. Most important observation emerged that there existed non-linear relationship between cost inefficiency and farm category. Cost inefficiency first increased with the increase of farm size then it decreased. In case of paddy mechanization could negatively affect the cost inefficiency and proportion to family labour in total labour was found positive implying increase in cost inefficiency. But in wheat, family labour showed positive value, indicating thereby increase in cost inefficiency. In case of maize, coefficient of fertilizer us...

International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies, 2022

A novel concept of SIW cavity-backed dual inverted edge curved L slots antenna array with the def... more A novel concept of SIW cavity-backed dual inverted edge curved L slots antenna array with the defective ground plane is proposed in this paper. A linearly placed six-element inverted dual L slots array antenna is designed separated by a distance of 0.55λg to achieve high gain. Each pair of slots is separated by a column of the vias to form sub-cavities and those are fed individually. Defective ground structure (DGS) is introduced at the ground plane to manage the propagation of wave to the last slots in the array. The slots are enclosed by a SIW cavity of height 0.24λg in a single substrate. A measured peak gain of 8 dBi is achieved at 14.29 GHz. The antenna shows a front-to-back ratio of 24.9 dB. The design is also compared with various aspects to show the advantages of each element introduced in the design. The validity of the design is proved by the good agreement between the simulated and measured results. This novel design can be used to achieve the performance requirement of a...

Journal of Evolution of medical and Dental Sciences, 2015

A cross sectional and observational study was done to find out existing level of knowledge, attit... more A cross sectional and observational study was done to find out existing level of knowledge, attitude and practice of different types of unhealthy habits among the school children. Total 300 students (Classed I to V) were included in this study. Chi square test, Z test and t test were applied to find out magnitude of knowledge, attitude and practices of unhealthy habits. A declining trend of knowledge, attitude and practice scores were seen in the study group and inclining trend was noted in the control group. Thus, the study carried out showed that sustained action is necessary to affect behavior change.

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2020

The bio-efficacy of the treatments evaluated against aphid on barley crop showed that lowest popu... more The bio-efficacy of the treatments evaluated against aphid on barley crop showed that lowest population of 2.20, 2.80, 5.73, 12.13, 12.20, 25.70, 30.13 / shoot. was recorded in flubendiamide 480 SC @ 250 ml ha-1, imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 100 ml ha-1, acetamiprid 20 SP @ 100 gmha-1, chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 100 gm.ha-1, Metarhizium anisopliae 1×108 CFU/gm.@3.0 g. lit-1, Beauveria bassiana 1×109 CFU/gm.@5.0 g. lit-1 and Azadirachtin 1500 ppm (0.15%EC)3.0 ml.lit-1 respectively and were found statistically at par in their efficacy. The highest aphid population was recorded in untreated control (61.60 Aphids/shoot). The data of seed yield revealed that maximum yield of(50.38 q ha-1)was recorded in the plots treated with in flubendiamide @ 250 mlha-1 followed by imidacloprid @ 100 mlha-1, & acetamiprid @ 100 gmha-1, which gave (50.10 q ha-1& 49.21q ha-1) seed yield, respectively and all these found statistically at pareach other and proved significantly superior over rest of the treatm...

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2021

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2017

The study was undertaken to analyse the extent, diversity, inequality and determinants of income ... more The study was undertaken to analyse the extent, diversity, inequality and determinants of income of rural households in Jharkhand-one of the most poverty stricken state of India. The study is based on the high frequency primary data collected from 160 rural households by resident investigators under the ICAR-ICRISAT collaborative project on "Tracking Changes in Rural Poverty in Household and Village Economies in South Asia". Both descriptive and quantitative methodologies were used to analyse the above issues. Tabular analysis was used to assess the level of income among different categories of rural households. While Herfindahl-Hirschman Index was used to assess the diversity of income sources, income inequality was measured by Ginni Ratio and Lorenz curve. Further, the linear regression model was used to identify the determinants of income of rural households in tribal dominated areas of the state. The study depicted a wide variation in the level of income among different categories of households with high and pervasive income inequality among them. Though the income inequality did not exhibit a consistent relationship with farm size, the extent of inequality was found highest among labour households. Education, adoption of high yielding varieties and access to non-farm income opportunities emerged as the significant determinants of income. These findings explicitly call for sustained efforts to create rural non-farm employment opportunities, promote adoption of modern agricultural technologies and enhance education among rural households in the study area.

Postmenopausal Massive Subserous Calcified Fibroid a Case Report, Feb 27, 2014

During the mid-1990s, the Government of India and the World Bank began exploring new approaches t... more During the mid-1990s, the Government of India and the World Bank began exploring new approaches to extension that would address these system problems and constraints. The result was a new, decentralized extension approach, which would focus more directly on agricultural diversification and increasing farm income and rural employment. The central institutional innovation that emerged to address these system problems was the Agricultural Technology Management Agency or “ATMA” model that was introduced at the district level. This model was pilot-tested through the Innovations for Technology Dissemination (ITD) component of a World Bank-funded, National Agricultural Technology Project (NATP) that became effective in 1998 and concluded in June 2005. As a follow up on the success of ATMA model under ITD component of NATP the Govt. of India has initiated a new Centrally Sponsored Scheme on Support to State Extension Programmes for Extension Reforms, and had funded the setting up of Agricul...

Indian heart journal

We report an unusual case of previously healthy post partum woman who had presented with congesti... more We report an unusual case of previously healthy post partum woman who had presented with congestive cardiac failure. She had no significant past history. She underwent cardiac evaluation. Echo showed severe left ventricular dysfunction and multiple mobile masses in the left ventricle. Cardiac MRI was done to assess the intracardiac mass. Cardiac MRI helped in differentiating clot from intra cardiac tumor. She was effectively treated with anticoagulants. Cardiac MRI is a useful investigative modality to differentiate intracardiac tumor and clot and helps in guiding the management.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2014

Immediately after the green revolution period, there was an intense debate on the observed invers... more Immediately after the green revolution period, there was an intense debate on the observed inverse relationship between farm size and per hectare agricultural productivity in India. It was subsequently argued that the higher productivity of small holdings would disappear with the adoption of superior technology, modernisation and growth in general. Recently, National Sample Survey data show that small holdings in Indian agriculture still exhibit a higher productivity than large holdings. This article contributes to the limited literature on farm size and productivity in small land holder's agriculture in Bihar, India. Plot wise panel data of VDSA project are used to reach at precise conclusion. The results provide evidence for a positive relationship between farm size and productivity in case of small land holders' agriculture and hence, an inverse relationship does not seem to apply within small landholders' agriculture. A strong positive relationship between farm size and output per hectare is a result of higher use of fertilizer, modern seeds and irrigation sources on comparatively larger land holders than small land holders in Bihar, India. It is mainly due to more uneconomic land holdings of sub-marginal and marginal farmers to have limited access to water resources, quality input and credit. Access to resources and technology must be considered together for any agricultural development programmes for small land holder's

Three trends are encouraging renewed interest in the theory and practice of public diplomacy and ... more Three trends are encouraging renewed interest in the theory and practice of public diplomacy and in the need for new approaches: the information revolution, the wider participation of publics in world politics, and the growing prominence of rising powers with a less traditional public diplomacy agenda. Public diplomacy became an important foreign policy tool in the Cold War rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union. This political context shaped the way in which public diplomacy was conceptualized in the ...

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2020

A total number of twenty-five maize genotypes namely, Shaktiman-1, Shaktiman-2, Shaktiman-3, Shak... more A total number of twenty-five maize genotypes namely, Shaktiman-1, Shaktiman-2, Shaktiman-3, Shaktiman-4, Shaktiman-5, Devaki, Laxmi, Suwan, RHM-1, RHM-2, RHM-3, Deep Jwala, P-3535, P-3533, P-3550, P-3555, Dekalb-9188, Dekalb-9170, New Cross 76×11, New Cross 72×70, New Cross 73×11, New Cross 73×74, New Cross 52×65, New Cross 53×52 and New Cross 50×58 were assessed for their biochemical contents including Chlorophyll-a, Chlorophyll-b, total Chlorophyll and protein and their effects on Chilo partellus infestation. Results have presented a negative correlation between plant age and total content of Chlorophyll-a, b and total Chlorophyll while a positive correlation found between the injury and content of all the assessed biochemicals.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012

Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Finance and Sustainable Technology

Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Finance and Sustainable Technology

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

This paper presents the analysis of Empty Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (ESIW) H plane horn ante... more This paper presents the analysis of Empty Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (ESIW) H plane horn antenna for K band application. The paper also compares the ESIW with Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology on various parameters for making the horn antenna. For K band applications, the SIW horn antenna provides various advantages over normal microstrip horn antenna. SIW technology is easy to fabricate and test and it provides all advantage of the conventional waveguide horn antenna. The SIW horn antenna is planer in design and can be easily interfaced with planer active and passive circuits. To improve the performance of SIW, the air-filled substrate cut is made to form ESIW, which is presented in this paper. The cut in substrate allows less dependency of an ESIW horn antenna over dielectric losses. The ESIW horn antenna does not require any extra element to improve the impedance matching at the end of the aperture; hence it shows an advantage over normal SIW horn antenna. The ESIW horn antenna can be used to make low profile short-range radar working in the K band.

2019 IEEE Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop (ASRU)

This research proposes a Deep Neural Network architecture for Speech Emotion Recognition called E... more This research proposes a Deep Neural Network architecture for Speech Emotion Recognition called Emoception, which takes inspiration from Inception modules. The network takes speech features like Mel-Frequency Spectral Coefficients (MFSC) or Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) as input and recognizes the relevant emotion in the speech. We use USC-IEMOCAP dataset for training but the limited amount of training data and large depth of the network makes the network prone to overfitting, reducing validation accuracy. The Emoception network overcomes this problem by extending in width without increase in computational cost. We also employ a powerful regularization technique, Multi-Task Learning (MTL) to make the network robust. The model using MFSC input with MTL increases the accuracy by 1.6% vis-à-vis Emoception without MTL. We report an overall accuracy improvement of around 4.6% compared to the existing state-of-art methods for four emotion classes on IEMOCAP dataset.

The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

The study evaluates the extent, impact and determinants of labour migration in Bihar. Data were c... more The study evaluates the extent, impact and determinants of labour migration in Bihar. Data were collected in 2011 from four hundred households (200 migrants and 200 non-migrants) four villages, each of rainfed ecosystem (Madhubani district) and partially irrigated ecosystem (East Champaran district). Non-linear model (Cobb-Douglas) was used to find out impact of migration on input efficiencies in rice production. Regression coefficients (β) were computed for major factors of production. Probit model employed to measure the determinants of migration. Study reveals that youngsters are more prone to migration to urban centers for non-farm activities. Migration helped in rational use of two critical inputs, i.e. labour and irrigation in rice production. Judicious use of human labour wasalso observed at native place due to migration of surplus labour. However, potential of land and capital (seeds, fertilizers and agricultural chemicals) are still to be exploited on both categories of ho...

The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

In the present study, an attempt has been made to test the cost efficiency of cereal crops like p... more In the present study, an attempt has been made to test the cost efficiency of cereal crops like paddy, wheat and maize separately in the state of Bihar using Stochastic Cost Frontier model. It has been tried to determine the determinants of cost inefficiencies. The study is also aimed to know the factors affecting the cost inefficiencies in production of major cereals of the state so as to ascertain proper steps to increase cost efficiency in production. Most important observation emerged that there existed non-linear relationship between cost inefficiency and farm category. Cost inefficiency first increased with the increase of farm size then it decreased. In case of paddy mechanization could negatively affect the cost inefficiency and proportion to family labour in total labour was found positive implying increase in cost inefficiency. But in wheat, family labour showed positive value, indicating thereby increase in cost inefficiency. In case of maize, coefficient of fertilizer us...

International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies, 2022

A novel concept of SIW cavity-backed dual inverted edge curved L slots antenna array with the def... more A novel concept of SIW cavity-backed dual inverted edge curved L slots antenna array with the defective ground plane is proposed in this paper. A linearly placed six-element inverted dual L slots array antenna is designed separated by a distance of 0.55λg to achieve high gain. Each pair of slots is separated by a column of the vias to form sub-cavities and those are fed individually. Defective ground structure (DGS) is introduced at the ground plane to manage the propagation of wave to the last slots in the array. The slots are enclosed by a SIW cavity of height 0.24λg in a single substrate. A measured peak gain of 8 dBi is achieved at 14.29 GHz. The antenna shows a front-to-back ratio of 24.9 dB. The design is also compared with various aspects to show the advantages of each element introduced in the design. The validity of the design is proved by the good agreement between the simulated and measured results. This novel design can be used to achieve the performance requirement of a...

Journal of Evolution of medical and Dental Sciences, 2015

A cross sectional and observational study was done to find out existing level of knowledge, attit... more A cross sectional and observational study was done to find out existing level of knowledge, attitude and practice of different types of unhealthy habits among the school children. Total 300 students (Classed I to V) were included in this study. Chi square test, Z test and t test were applied to find out magnitude of knowledge, attitude and practices of unhealthy habits. A declining trend of knowledge, attitude and practice scores were seen in the study group and inclining trend was noted in the control group. Thus, the study carried out showed that sustained action is necessary to affect behavior change.

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2020

The bio-efficacy of the treatments evaluated against aphid on barley crop showed that lowest popu... more The bio-efficacy of the treatments evaluated against aphid on barley crop showed that lowest population of 2.20, 2.80, 5.73, 12.13, 12.20, 25.70, 30.13 / shoot. was recorded in flubendiamide 480 SC @ 250 ml ha-1, imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 100 ml ha-1, acetamiprid 20 SP @ 100 gmha-1, chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 100 gm.ha-1, Metarhizium anisopliae 1×108 CFU/gm.@3.0 g. lit-1, Beauveria bassiana 1×109 CFU/gm.@5.0 g. lit-1 and Azadirachtin 1500 ppm (0.15%EC)3.0 ml.lit-1 respectively and were found statistically at par in their efficacy. The highest aphid population was recorded in untreated control (61.60 Aphids/shoot). The data of seed yield revealed that maximum yield of(50.38 q ha-1)was recorded in the plots treated with in flubendiamide @ 250 mlha-1 followed by imidacloprid @ 100 mlha-1, & acetamiprid @ 100 gmha-1, which gave (50.10 q ha-1& 49.21q ha-1) seed yield, respectively and all these found statistically at pareach other and proved significantly superior over rest of the treatm...

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2021

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2017

The study was undertaken to analyse the extent, diversity, inequality and determinants of income ... more The study was undertaken to analyse the extent, diversity, inequality and determinants of income of rural households in Jharkhand-one of the most poverty stricken state of India. The study is based on the high frequency primary data collected from 160 rural households by resident investigators under the ICAR-ICRISAT collaborative project on "Tracking Changes in Rural Poverty in Household and Village Economies in South Asia". Both descriptive and quantitative methodologies were used to analyse the above issues. Tabular analysis was used to assess the level of income among different categories of rural households. While Herfindahl-Hirschman Index was used to assess the diversity of income sources, income inequality was measured by Ginni Ratio and Lorenz curve. Further, the linear regression model was used to identify the determinants of income of rural households in tribal dominated areas of the state. The study depicted a wide variation in the level of income among different categories of households with high and pervasive income inequality among them. Though the income inequality did not exhibit a consistent relationship with farm size, the extent of inequality was found highest among labour households. Education, adoption of high yielding varieties and access to non-farm income opportunities emerged as the significant determinants of income. These findings explicitly call for sustained efforts to create rural non-farm employment opportunities, promote adoption of modern agricultural technologies and enhance education among rural households in the study area.

Postmenopausal Massive Subserous Calcified Fibroid a Case Report, Feb 27, 2014

During the mid-1990s, the Government of India and the World Bank began exploring new approaches t... more During the mid-1990s, the Government of India and the World Bank began exploring new approaches to extension that would address these system problems and constraints. The result was a new, decentralized extension approach, which would focus more directly on agricultural diversification and increasing farm income and rural employment. The central institutional innovation that emerged to address these system problems was the Agricultural Technology Management Agency or “ATMA” model that was introduced at the district level. This model was pilot-tested through the Innovations for Technology Dissemination (ITD) component of a World Bank-funded, National Agricultural Technology Project (NATP) that became effective in 1998 and concluded in June 2005. As a follow up on the success of ATMA model under ITD component of NATP the Govt. of India has initiated a new Centrally Sponsored Scheme on Support to State Extension Programmes for Extension Reforms, and had funded the setting up of Agricul...

Indian heart journal

We report an unusual case of previously healthy post partum woman who had presented with congesti... more We report an unusual case of previously healthy post partum woman who had presented with congestive cardiac failure. She had no significant past history. She underwent cardiac evaluation. Echo showed severe left ventricular dysfunction and multiple mobile masses in the left ventricle. Cardiac MRI was done to assess the intracardiac mass. Cardiac MRI helped in differentiating clot from intra cardiac tumor. She was effectively treated with anticoagulants. Cardiac MRI is a useful investigative modality to differentiate intracardiac tumor and clot and helps in guiding the management.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2014

Immediately after the green revolution period, there was an intense debate on the observed invers... more Immediately after the green revolution period, there was an intense debate on the observed inverse relationship between farm size and per hectare agricultural productivity in India. It was subsequently argued that the higher productivity of small holdings would disappear with the adoption of superior technology, modernisation and growth in general. Recently, National Sample Survey data show that small holdings in Indian agriculture still exhibit a higher productivity than large holdings. This article contributes to the limited literature on farm size and productivity in small land holder's agriculture in Bihar, India. Plot wise panel data of VDSA project are used to reach at precise conclusion. The results provide evidence for a positive relationship between farm size and productivity in case of small land holders' agriculture and hence, an inverse relationship does not seem to apply within small landholders' agriculture. A strong positive relationship between farm size and output per hectare is a result of higher use of fertilizer, modern seeds and irrigation sources on comparatively larger land holders than small land holders in Bihar, India. It is mainly due to more uneconomic land holdings of sub-marginal and marginal farmers to have limited access to water resources, quality input and credit. Access to resources and technology must be considered together for any agricultural development programmes for small land holder's

Three trends are encouraging renewed interest in the theory and practice of public diplomacy and ... more Three trends are encouraging renewed interest in the theory and practice of public diplomacy and in the need for new approaches: the information revolution, the wider participation of publics in world politics, and the growing prominence of rising powers with a less traditional public diplomacy agenda. Public diplomacy became an important foreign policy tool in the Cold War rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union. This political context shaped the way in which public diplomacy was conceptualized in the ...

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2020

A total number of twenty-five maize genotypes namely, Shaktiman-1, Shaktiman-2, Shaktiman-3, Shak... more A total number of twenty-five maize genotypes namely, Shaktiman-1, Shaktiman-2, Shaktiman-3, Shaktiman-4, Shaktiman-5, Devaki, Laxmi, Suwan, RHM-1, RHM-2, RHM-3, Deep Jwala, P-3535, P-3533, P-3550, P-3555, Dekalb-9188, Dekalb-9170, New Cross 76×11, New Cross 72×70, New Cross 73×11, New Cross 73×74, New Cross 52×65, New Cross 53×52 and New Cross 50×58 were assessed for their biochemical contents including Chlorophyll-a, Chlorophyll-b, total Chlorophyll and protein and their effects on Chilo partellus infestation. Results have presented a negative correlation between plant age and total content of Chlorophyll-a, b and total Chlorophyll while a positive correlation found between the injury and content of all the assessed biochemicals.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012

Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Finance and Sustainable Technology

Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Finance and Sustainable Technology

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

This paper presents the analysis of Empty Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (ESIW) H plane horn ante... more This paper presents the analysis of Empty Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (ESIW) H plane horn antenna for K band application. The paper also compares the ESIW with Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology on various parameters for making the horn antenna. For K band applications, the SIW horn antenna provides various advantages over normal microstrip horn antenna. SIW technology is easy to fabricate and test and it provides all advantage of the conventional waveguide horn antenna. The SIW horn antenna is planer in design and can be easily interfaced with planer active and passive circuits. To improve the performance of SIW, the air-filled substrate cut is made to form ESIW, which is presented in this paper. The cut in substrate allows less dependency of an ESIW horn antenna over dielectric losses. The ESIW horn antenna does not require any extra element to improve the impedance matching at the end of the aperture; hence it shows an advantage over normal SIW horn antenna. The ESIW horn antenna can be used to make low profile short-range radar working in the K band.

2019 IEEE Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop (ASRU)

This research proposes a Deep Neural Network architecture for Speech Emotion Recognition called E... more This research proposes a Deep Neural Network architecture for Speech Emotion Recognition called Emoception, which takes inspiration from Inception modules. The network takes speech features like Mel-Frequency Spectral Coefficients (MFSC) or Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) as input and recognizes the relevant emotion in the speech. We use USC-IEMOCAP dataset for training but the limited amount of training data and large depth of the network makes the network prone to overfitting, reducing validation accuracy. The Emoception network overcomes this problem by extending in width without increase in computational cost. We also employ a powerful regularization technique, Multi-Task Learning (MTL) to make the network robust. The model using MFSC input with MTL increases the accuracy by 1.6% vis-à-vis Emoception without MTL. We report an overall accuracy improvement of around 4.6% compared to the existing state-of-art methods for four emotion classes on IEMOCAP dataset.