Abu Al Fath - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Abu Al Fath
Desalination and Water Treatment, 2009
One of the fast growing problems around the world is providing drinking water. This is felt espec... more One of the fast growing problems around the world is providing drinking water. This is felt especially in arid and semi-arid areas where lots of people lack fresh water. Solar energy can be used as the heat source to distillate brackish water. In this study, a comprehensive review of solar desalination systems is presented. The solar distillation systems are classified into two groups: direct distillation systems and indirect distillation systems. Comparison of the systems is presented in the tables.
Heat and Mass Transfer, 2007
The distillation is one of the important methods of getting clean water from brackish and sea wat... more The distillation is one of the important methods of getting clean water from brackish and sea water using the free energy supply from the sun. An experimental work is conducted on a single slope solar still. The thermal performance of the single slope solar still is examined and evaluated through implementing the following effective parameters: (a) different insulation thicknesses of 1, 2.5 and 5 cm; (b) water depth of 2 and 3.5 cm; (c) solar intensity; (d) Overall heat loss coefficient (e) effective absorbtivity and transmissivity; and (f) ambient, water and vapor temperatures. Different effective parameters should be taken into account to increase the still productivity. A mathematical model is presented and compared with experimental results. The model gives a good match with experimental values.
Desalination, 2004
A patented cycle for water desalination and power generation was evaluated with regard to thermal... more A patented cycle for water desalination and power generation was evaluated with regard to thermal efficiency and water production. The inventor of the patent claimed that the patented cycle provides a thermal efficiency of 41 %, which is higher than current combined water and power generation steam plants. A simulation program was developed to evaluate the thermal efficiency and water productivity of this cycle. Simulation parameters were selected from data provided by the patent as well as data generally used in the design of combined power and desalination plants. Results of the simulation were compared with a simulation of the Jubail-II combined plant. The simulation proved that the patented cycle is far inferior to current dual-purpose MSF desalination plants in terms ofwater production. In addition, the patent was found to have a much lower efficiency than what was claimed by the inventor.
Studies in Religion-sciences Religieuses, 2001
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2011
Solar still desalination uses a sustainable and pollution-free source to produce high-quality wat... more Solar still desalination uses a sustainable and pollution-free source to produce high-quality water. The main limitation is low productivity and this has been the focus of intensive research. A major concern while increasing productivity is to maintain economic feasibility and simplicity. The authors present a critical review of the research work conducted on solar stills development. Studies addressing each parameter of concern are grouped together and results compared. Novelty in design and newly introduced features are presented. Modeling efforts of flow circulation within the still and methods to estimate internal heat transfer coefficients are discussed and future research needs are outlined.
Solar Energy, 2003
A solar desalination system based on an innovative passive vacuum concept, utilizing low-grade so... more A solar desalination system based on an innovative passive vacuum concept, utilizing low-grade solar heat, was studied experimentally. The system uses the natural means of gravity and atmospheric pressure to create a vacuum, under which liquid can be evaporated at much lower temperatures and with less energy than conventional techniques. A vacuum equivalent to 3.7 kPa (abs) or less can be created depending on the ambient temperature at which condensation will take place. The system consists of a heat source, an evaporator, a condenser, and injection, withdrawal and discharge pipes. The effect of various operating conditions (withdrawal rate, depth of water body and temperature of the heat source) were studied experimentally and compared with theoretical results. The experimental results agreed well with the theoretical predictions. It was found that the effects of withdrawal rate and the depth of water in the evaporator were small while the effect of heat source temperature was significant.
Poet, mathematician, astronomer, born in Nishapur, Persia (now Iran), to a family of Arabic tent ... more Poet, mathematician, astronomer, born in Nishapur, Persia (now Iran), to a family of Arabic tent makers (a translation of his name), an outstanding mathematician and astronomer. The Saljuq Sultan, Malikshah Jalal al-Din, appointed him to the observatory at Ray around 1074 to determine the solar calendar, as an aid to tax collection. Khayyam developed a calendar called Al-Tarikh-al-Jalali, which h...
This paper presents a numerical simulation & analysis and technical evaluation of a recently inve... more This paper presents a numerical simulation & analysis and technical evaluation of a recently invented cogeneration cycle of combined desalination water production and power generation with salt recovery. The invented cycle claimed to provide a better alternative to the existing duel purpose cycles (higher cycle thermal efficiency and improved Top Brine Temperature (TBT) limitations over all currently operating thermal desalination -power generation dual purpose plants). A computer code was developed to quantitatively simulate the invented cycle and solve the governing heat, mass and salt balance equations. The code was verified against the published data of Al-Jubail-II desalination -power cogeneration plant (the world largest desalination plant). The invented cycle analysis covers; i) the thermal performance & TBT limitations, ii) the practicality and costs of the major components, iii) cycle chemistry and product water quality, and iv) environmental considerations. The cycle originality is also high lighted.
This communicating article reviews desalination by solar still, and the recent studies on the sol... more This communicating article reviews desalination by solar still, and the recent studies on the solar still systems. The review includes basic principle of solar distillation, and also the quality of distilled water. A classification of the solar still systems was made in order to explain the types of solar still systems. General mathematical modeling methodology of solar stills and some mathematical modeling studies are given. The efficiency and performance of the solar still system are also given and discussed.
Desalination and Water Treatment, 2009
One of the fast growing problems around the world is providing drinking water. This is felt espec... more One of the fast growing problems around the world is providing drinking water. This is felt especially in arid and semi-arid areas where lots of people lack fresh water. Solar energy can be used as the heat source to distillate brackish water. In this study, a comprehensive review of solar desalination systems is presented. The solar distillation systems are classified into two groups: direct distillation systems and indirect distillation systems. Comparison of the systems is presented in the tables.
Heat and Mass Transfer, 2007
The distillation is one of the important methods of getting clean water from brackish and sea wat... more The distillation is one of the important methods of getting clean water from brackish and sea water using the free energy supply from the sun. An experimental work is conducted on a single slope solar still. The thermal performance of the single slope solar still is examined and evaluated through implementing the following effective parameters: (a) different insulation thicknesses of 1, 2.5 and 5 cm; (b) water depth of 2 and 3.5 cm; (c) solar intensity; (d) Overall heat loss coefficient (e) effective absorbtivity and transmissivity; and (f) ambient, water and vapor temperatures. Different effective parameters should be taken into account to increase the still productivity. A mathematical model is presented and compared with experimental results. The model gives a good match with experimental values.
Desalination, 2004
A patented cycle for water desalination and power generation was evaluated with regard to thermal... more A patented cycle for water desalination and power generation was evaluated with regard to thermal efficiency and water production. The inventor of the patent claimed that the patented cycle provides a thermal efficiency of 41 %, which is higher than current combined water and power generation steam plants. A simulation program was developed to evaluate the thermal efficiency and water productivity of this cycle. Simulation parameters were selected from data provided by the patent as well as data generally used in the design of combined power and desalination plants. Results of the simulation were compared with a simulation of the Jubail-II combined plant. The simulation proved that the patented cycle is far inferior to current dual-purpose MSF desalination plants in terms ofwater production. In addition, the patent was found to have a much lower efficiency than what was claimed by the inventor.
Studies in Religion-sciences Religieuses, 2001
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2011
Solar still desalination uses a sustainable and pollution-free source to produce high-quality wat... more Solar still desalination uses a sustainable and pollution-free source to produce high-quality water. The main limitation is low productivity and this has been the focus of intensive research. A major concern while increasing productivity is to maintain economic feasibility and simplicity. The authors present a critical review of the research work conducted on solar stills development. Studies addressing each parameter of concern are grouped together and results compared. Novelty in design and newly introduced features are presented. Modeling efforts of flow circulation within the still and methods to estimate internal heat transfer coefficients are discussed and future research needs are outlined.
Solar Energy, 2003
A solar desalination system based on an innovative passive vacuum concept, utilizing low-grade so... more A solar desalination system based on an innovative passive vacuum concept, utilizing low-grade solar heat, was studied experimentally. The system uses the natural means of gravity and atmospheric pressure to create a vacuum, under which liquid can be evaporated at much lower temperatures and with less energy than conventional techniques. A vacuum equivalent to 3.7 kPa (abs) or less can be created depending on the ambient temperature at which condensation will take place. The system consists of a heat source, an evaporator, a condenser, and injection, withdrawal and discharge pipes. The effect of various operating conditions (withdrawal rate, depth of water body and temperature of the heat source) were studied experimentally and compared with theoretical results. The experimental results agreed well with the theoretical predictions. It was found that the effects of withdrawal rate and the depth of water in the evaporator were small while the effect of heat source temperature was significant.
Poet, mathematician, astronomer, born in Nishapur, Persia (now Iran), to a family of Arabic tent ... more Poet, mathematician, astronomer, born in Nishapur, Persia (now Iran), to a family of Arabic tent makers (a translation of his name), an outstanding mathematician and astronomer. The Saljuq Sultan, Malikshah Jalal al-Din, appointed him to the observatory at Ray around 1074 to determine the solar calendar, as an aid to tax collection. Khayyam developed a calendar called Al-Tarikh-al-Jalali, which h...
This paper presents a numerical simulation & analysis and technical evaluation of a recently inve... more This paper presents a numerical simulation & analysis and technical evaluation of a recently invented cogeneration cycle of combined desalination water production and power generation with salt recovery. The invented cycle claimed to provide a better alternative to the existing duel purpose cycles (higher cycle thermal efficiency and improved Top Brine Temperature (TBT) limitations over all currently operating thermal desalination -power generation dual purpose plants). A computer code was developed to quantitatively simulate the invented cycle and solve the governing heat, mass and salt balance equations. The code was verified against the published data of Al-Jubail-II desalination -power cogeneration plant (the world largest desalination plant). The invented cycle analysis covers; i) the thermal performance & TBT limitations, ii) the practicality and costs of the major components, iii) cycle chemistry and product water quality, and iv) environmental considerations. The cycle originality is also high lighted.
This communicating article reviews desalination by solar still, and the recent studies on the sol... more This communicating article reviews desalination by solar still, and the recent studies on the solar still systems. The review includes basic principle of solar distillation, and also the quality of distilled water. A classification of the solar still systems was made in order to explain the types of solar still systems. General mathematical modeling methodology of solar stills and some mathematical modeling studies are given. The efficiency and performance of the solar still system are also given and discussed.