Adarsh Tripathi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Adarsh Tripathi
![Research paper thumbnail of Monomeric and dimeric manganese(II) complexes of N,N,N',N'-tetrakis [(2-benzimidazolyl)-methyl]-1,2-ethanediamine and its derivatives](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119470409/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine
Nutrition has been recognized as an important factor in health and disease for many years. Howeve... more Nutrition has been recognized as an important factor in health and disease for many years. However, it is only recently that the importance of nutrition in patients with chronic lung disease has come into focus. There has been a profound link between nutrition and lung health. Malnutrition could lead to poor lung development. Various diet such as Mediterranean diet, prudent diet, etc. have reported their protective effect against respiratory diseases while westernized dietary patterns and fast-food intake could cause poor lung health. Fruits and vegetables constituting various vitamins and minerals provide antioxidant shield to the lungs. Apart from this, one leading nutrient omega-3 fatty acids primarily found in sea food is emerging to have beneficial role for the lung’s wellbeing. Its anti-inflammatory property helps to combat respiratory diseases such as asthma, cystic fibrosis and COPD. Even in the chronic conditions such as lung cancer it works as an important constituent of n...
International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology
Indian journal of neurosurgery, Dec 23, 2022
Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health
International Journal of Advanced Research
Tobacco use is widely prevalent since so many years worldwide. Tobaccos negative effects are well... more Tobacco use is widely prevalent since so many years worldwide. Tobaccos negative effects are well-known, and there is strong evidence that its constituents are responsible for cancer, oral problems, other health hazards and even deaths. Also, tobacco users with COVID-19 have higher risk of severity. Therefore, Cessation is necessary to lower this risk from coronavirus, and other illnesses. Consumers are looking for alternative methods to quit tobacco use. Numerous pharmacologicaland non-pharmacological strategies havebeen tried for tobacco cessation.Although pharmacological approaches have been reported more effective but non pharmacological approaches are also gaining importance and popularity. This review article is primarily focused on non-pharmacological approaches for Tobacco Cessation.
Indian Journal of Behavioural Sciences
Background: Cognitive deficits are one of the core symptoms of Schizophrenia that compromises rea... more Background: Cognitive deficits are one of the core symptoms of Schizophrenia that compromises real-world functioning, adversely impacts rehabilitation, and negatively influence the quality of life. Studies evaluating interventions for cognitive remediation in Schizophrenia are scarce in India. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the add-on home-based cognitive remediation strategy in schizophrenia in comparison to the schizophrenic patients receiving treatment as usual. Methods: The research was carried out in a North Indian tertiary care teaching hospital. Clinically stable patients diagnosed with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to study and control groups. The control group had received treatment as usual, whereas the study group had received 8 weeks of home-based manual-based cognitive remediation in addition to the treatment as usual. Assessment of psychopathology, cognitive functioning, disability, and quality of life was done at baseline, completion at 8 w...
International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2020
Reproductive System and Sexual Disorders, 2017
Journal of Psychosexual Health, 2021
Female Dhat syndrome (FDS) is not yet an established clinical entity, but nonpathological vaginal... more Female Dhat syndrome (FDS) is not yet an established clinical entity, but nonpathological vaginal discharge has been discussed in the scientific literature for quite a long time. Various studies have reported the existence of the phenomenon of nonpathological vaginal discharge. All the existing literature on Dhat syndrome was reviewed. Studies have reported that nonpathological vaginal discharge has a high prevalence among the rural and urban populations of Indian women (around 30%). The symptom of vaginal discharge has been an area of concern for a sizable proportion of women in the community, and anxiety related to this has been a frequent reason to seek medical attention. The ideas associated with vaginal discharge are similar to Dhat syndrome in males. The variations of associated symptomatology, course of illness, and somatization of the complaint make it challenging to diagnose and treat. The diagnostic criterion needs careful evaluation; management needs an appropriate multid...
General Psychiatry
BackgroundDhat syndrome, a clinical condition related to semen loss in urine often found among ma... more BackgroundDhat syndrome, a clinical condition related to semen loss in urine often found among males in India, has rarely been described as a separate clinical condition in females. Women with the syndrome complain of passing vaginal discharge and can be excessively concerned and preoccupied with it, often attributing various physical symptoms to the loss of vaginal fluids.AimsThis study aimed to assess the sociodemographic and clinical profiles of female patients with Dhat syndrome and their perceived stress, disability and sexual functioning.MethodsSociodemographic details of 70 females with non-pathological vaginal discharge were evaluated with a semistructured sociodemographic assessment. The phenomenology of the vaginal discharge was assessed with the Scale for Assessment of Female Dhat Syndrome Questionnaire. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Perceived stress in the past month and disability caused by the illness were...
Annals of Indian Psychiatry, 2021
Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2021
Experimental investigations of the effects of elevated temperature on microstructural, mineralogi... more Experimental investigations of the effects of elevated temperature on microstructural, mineralogical, physico-mechanical and elastic properties of rocks were carried out to understand the effect of underground coal fire along with thermal damage and failure initiation in Barakar sandstone from the Jharia coalfield, India. Discolouration analysis, petrographic studies, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis and electron probe micro analysis were carried out to understand the microstructural and mineralogical changes in thermally treated samples. The experimental results suggest that the changes in investigated properties follow three characteristic thermal zones: zone I (25–300 °C), zone II (300–500 °C) and zone III (500–800 °C). Among all, zone II is a prominent transition region where a rapid increase in crack density, porosity and thermal damage is observed along with a sharp reduction in seismic wave velocities, uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength and elastic parameters. Development of thermal stress-induced intergranular and intragranular micro-cracks, evaporation of organic matters, and dehydration and thermal decomposition of minerals are the most conspicuous reasons for the observed changes in this zone. Zone III is characterized by phase transformation of quartz, recrystallization and partial melting of cement and phyllosilicates that filled some of the existing micro-cracks, resulting in a local change of porosity, strength and elastic properties. Developments of different failure modes are observed in different temperature ranges such as simple shear along a single plane in zone I, progressive growth of Y-shaped (double plane) shearing in the zones II and III (400–700 °C) and axial splitting at 800 °C. The results from this study provide comprehensive elaboration of thermal effects on sandstones at a particular temperature range.
Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 2020
Objectives: Although the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) includes anci... more Objectives: Although the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) includes ancillary symptom dimensions-insight, avoidance, degree of indecisiveness, inflated sense of responsibility, pervasive slowness/disturbance of inertia, and pathological doubting-, we know little about their clinical/scientific utility. We examined these ancillary dimensions in childhood obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD), and tested their associations with clinical characteristics. Methods: Treatment-seeking children and adolescents (n=173) with a DSM-5 OCD diagnosis were recruited from six centers in India and evaluated with a semi-structured proforma for sociodemographic/clinical details, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5, the CY-BOCS, the Children's Depression Rating Scale, and the Family Interview for Genetic Studies. Regression analysis was used to study the associations between ancillary dimensions (independent variables) and clinical variables (dependent variables). Results: 87.9% of the sample reported at least a mild-moderate severity of ancillary dimensions, which were highly intercorrelated. Multiple ancillary dimensions were correlated with illness severity on the CY-BOCS. On regression analysis, only insight and avoidance retained significance. There were few differential associations between OCD symptom and ancillary dimensions. Conclusion: Ancillary dimensions are more a feature of illness severity than differentially associated with individual symptom dimensions in childhood OCD. Insight and avoidance should be considered for inclusion in the assessment of illness severity in childhood OCD.
Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 2020
Background: There is some information from different developed coutries that mental health servic... more Background: There is some information from different developed coutries that mental health services have been badly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Little information is available from India. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of lockdown and COVID-19 pandemic on mental health services in India's various training centers. Materials and Methods: In an online survey, information was collected from various training centers of India through E-mail or WhatsApp. Results: Responses were received from 109 institutes. The majority of the responses were received from state-funded government medical colleges and private medical colleges. Since the lockdown and COVID-19 pandemic, brain stimulation treatments have completed stopped. Other, most affected services included electroconvulsive therapy, inpatient services, outpatient services, and psychotherapy services. However, there was an expansion of teleconsultations services because of the lockdown and the COVID-19 pandemic. In three-fourth of the centers mental health services were being provided to the patients with COVID-19 infection. In most of the institutes, mental health professionals were involved at different levels in the COVID-19 responsibilities. These included providing helpline services to the general public, screening people in quarantine for mental health issues, providing clinical care to COVID-19 patients, screening health care workers (HCWs) for mental health issues, and training the HCWs. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown have led to the collapse of regular mental health services. The present study also shows that mental health professionals are playing a significant role in addressing the prevailing psychiatric morbidity, specifically related to the COVID-19 related issues, and taking care of the HCWs.
Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 2020
There is a need to synthesize available information on the emerging construct of cyberchondria to... more There is a need to synthesize available information on the emerging construct of cyberchondria to guide evidence informed practice. With this in mind, electronic search of databases including MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect and Google scholar were carried out from inception till March 2020 to identify relevant English language peer reviewed articles related to cyberchondria. Generated abstracts were grouped according to their thematic focus and summarized. A total of 49 articles were reviewed. Articles directly evaluating cyberchondria were very few and most of the treatment evidence was extrapolated from trials on health anxiety. Cyberchondria appears to be a phenomenologically overlapping entity with, yet distinguishable from, health anxiety and there may be merit in studying the two constructs separately. Four validated self-assessment measures for cyberchondria are available in literature. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) delivered either physically or through the internet (iCBT) have been found to be effective for both health anxiety and cyberchondria. Pharmacologic strategies for health anxiety have mainly involved the use of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, with mean effective dosages higher than for depression/anxiety. Prevention of cyberchondria needs to focus on appropriate harm reduction strategies as well as supply and demand side measures. Internet based CBT therapies hold promise for management of cyberchondria. This finding must be considered preliminary due to limited evidence. Further study is required to establish the diagnostic validity of cyberchondria.
Indian Journal of Medical Research, 2019
Background & objectives: Sexual functioning is a strong determinant of quality of life. Sexua... more Background & objectives: Sexual functioning is a strong determinant of quality of life. Sexual dysfunction has been widely reported due to depressive disorder as well as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Thus, treatment with antidepressants can culminate in a double-edged sword, leading to drug discontinuation and symptom relapse. The objective of this study was to assess the sexual functioning of sexually active females with depression, currently in remission, receiving escitalopram and to compare with healthy controls. Methods: Fifty female patients with depression, currently in remission, with self-reported normal pre-morbid sexual function and receiving escitalopram for at least three months, were assessed on female sexual function index (FSFI) questionnaire and compared with healthy controls. Results: Half of the patients (n=25, 50%) in group A were found to have sexual dysfunction (FSFI score <26.55), while, 90 per cent (n=45) had decreased desire, 86 per cent (n=43) had decreased arousal, 54 per cent (n=27) had decreased lubrication, 68 per cent (n=34) had decreased orgasm, 62 per cent (n=31) had decreased satisfaction and 32 per cent (n=16) had pain during sexual activity. Patients receiving escitalopram had significantly higher sexual dysfunction as compared to healthy controls in mean total FSFI score (P < 0.001) and all mean domain scores of FSFI except pain. Interpretation & conclusions: A significant proportion of sexually active females with depression currently in remission, receiving escitalopram, reported dysfunction in all domains of sexual function; thus, routine screening for sexual dysfunction during follow up is advisable for early identification and prompt treatment.
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 2019
This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Comm... more This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine
Nutrition has been recognized as an important factor in health and disease for many years. Howeve... more Nutrition has been recognized as an important factor in health and disease for many years. However, it is only recently that the importance of nutrition in patients with chronic lung disease has come into focus. There has been a profound link between nutrition and lung health. Malnutrition could lead to poor lung development. Various diet such as Mediterranean diet, prudent diet, etc. have reported their protective effect against respiratory diseases while westernized dietary patterns and fast-food intake could cause poor lung health. Fruits and vegetables constituting various vitamins and minerals provide antioxidant shield to the lungs. Apart from this, one leading nutrient omega-3 fatty acids primarily found in sea food is emerging to have beneficial role for the lung’s wellbeing. Its anti-inflammatory property helps to combat respiratory diseases such as asthma, cystic fibrosis and COPD. Even in the chronic conditions such as lung cancer it works as an important constituent of n...
International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology
Indian journal of neurosurgery, Dec 23, 2022
Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health
International Journal of Advanced Research
Tobacco use is widely prevalent since so many years worldwide. Tobaccos negative effects are well... more Tobacco use is widely prevalent since so many years worldwide. Tobaccos negative effects are well-known, and there is strong evidence that its constituents are responsible for cancer, oral problems, other health hazards and even deaths. Also, tobacco users with COVID-19 have higher risk of severity. Therefore, Cessation is necessary to lower this risk from coronavirus, and other illnesses. Consumers are looking for alternative methods to quit tobacco use. Numerous pharmacologicaland non-pharmacological strategies havebeen tried for tobacco cessation.Although pharmacological approaches have been reported more effective but non pharmacological approaches are also gaining importance and popularity. This review article is primarily focused on non-pharmacological approaches for Tobacco Cessation.
Indian Journal of Behavioural Sciences
Background: Cognitive deficits are one of the core symptoms of Schizophrenia that compromises rea... more Background: Cognitive deficits are one of the core symptoms of Schizophrenia that compromises real-world functioning, adversely impacts rehabilitation, and negatively influence the quality of life. Studies evaluating interventions for cognitive remediation in Schizophrenia are scarce in India. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the add-on home-based cognitive remediation strategy in schizophrenia in comparison to the schizophrenic patients receiving treatment as usual. Methods: The research was carried out in a North Indian tertiary care teaching hospital. Clinically stable patients diagnosed with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to study and control groups. The control group had received treatment as usual, whereas the study group had received 8 weeks of home-based manual-based cognitive remediation in addition to the treatment as usual. Assessment of psychopathology, cognitive functioning, disability, and quality of life was done at baseline, completion at 8 w...
International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2020
Reproductive System and Sexual Disorders, 2017
Journal of Psychosexual Health, 2021
Female Dhat syndrome (FDS) is not yet an established clinical entity, but nonpathological vaginal... more Female Dhat syndrome (FDS) is not yet an established clinical entity, but nonpathological vaginal discharge has been discussed in the scientific literature for quite a long time. Various studies have reported the existence of the phenomenon of nonpathological vaginal discharge. All the existing literature on Dhat syndrome was reviewed. Studies have reported that nonpathological vaginal discharge has a high prevalence among the rural and urban populations of Indian women (around 30%). The symptom of vaginal discharge has been an area of concern for a sizable proportion of women in the community, and anxiety related to this has been a frequent reason to seek medical attention. The ideas associated with vaginal discharge are similar to Dhat syndrome in males. The variations of associated symptomatology, course of illness, and somatization of the complaint make it challenging to diagnose and treat. The diagnostic criterion needs careful evaluation; management needs an appropriate multid...
General Psychiatry
BackgroundDhat syndrome, a clinical condition related to semen loss in urine often found among ma... more BackgroundDhat syndrome, a clinical condition related to semen loss in urine often found among males in India, has rarely been described as a separate clinical condition in females. Women with the syndrome complain of passing vaginal discharge and can be excessively concerned and preoccupied with it, often attributing various physical symptoms to the loss of vaginal fluids.AimsThis study aimed to assess the sociodemographic and clinical profiles of female patients with Dhat syndrome and their perceived stress, disability and sexual functioning.MethodsSociodemographic details of 70 females with non-pathological vaginal discharge were evaluated with a semistructured sociodemographic assessment. The phenomenology of the vaginal discharge was assessed with the Scale for Assessment of Female Dhat Syndrome Questionnaire. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Perceived stress in the past month and disability caused by the illness were...
Annals of Indian Psychiatry, 2021
Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2021
Experimental investigations of the effects of elevated temperature on microstructural, mineralogi... more Experimental investigations of the effects of elevated temperature on microstructural, mineralogical, physico-mechanical and elastic properties of rocks were carried out to understand the effect of underground coal fire along with thermal damage and failure initiation in Barakar sandstone from the Jharia coalfield, India. Discolouration analysis, petrographic studies, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis and electron probe micro analysis were carried out to understand the microstructural and mineralogical changes in thermally treated samples. The experimental results suggest that the changes in investigated properties follow three characteristic thermal zones: zone I (25–300 °C), zone II (300–500 °C) and zone III (500–800 °C). Among all, zone II is a prominent transition region where a rapid increase in crack density, porosity and thermal damage is observed along with a sharp reduction in seismic wave velocities, uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength and elastic parameters. Development of thermal stress-induced intergranular and intragranular micro-cracks, evaporation of organic matters, and dehydration and thermal decomposition of minerals are the most conspicuous reasons for the observed changes in this zone. Zone III is characterized by phase transformation of quartz, recrystallization and partial melting of cement and phyllosilicates that filled some of the existing micro-cracks, resulting in a local change of porosity, strength and elastic properties. Developments of different failure modes are observed in different temperature ranges such as simple shear along a single plane in zone I, progressive growth of Y-shaped (double plane) shearing in the zones II and III (400–700 °C) and axial splitting at 800 °C. The results from this study provide comprehensive elaboration of thermal effects on sandstones at a particular temperature range.
Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 2020
Objectives: Although the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) includes anci... more Objectives: Although the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) includes ancillary symptom dimensions-insight, avoidance, degree of indecisiveness, inflated sense of responsibility, pervasive slowness/disturbance of inertia, and pathological doubting-, we know little about their clinical/scientific utility. We examined these ancillary dimensions in childhood obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD), and tested their associations with clinical characteristics. Methods: Treatment-seeking children and adolescents (n=173) with a DSM-5 OCD diagnosis were recruited from six centers in India and evaluated with a semi-structured proforma for sociodemographic/clinical details, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5, the CY-BOCS, the Children's Depression Rating Scale, and the Family Interview for Genetic Studies. Regression analysis was used to study the associations between ancillary dimensions (independent variables) and clinical variables (dependent variables). Results: 87.9% of the sample reported at least a mild-moderate severity of ancillary dimensions, which were highly intercorrelated. Multiple ancillary dimensions were correlated with illness severity on the CY-BOCS. On regression analysis, only insight and avoidance retained significance. There were few differential associations between OCD symptom and ancillary dimensions. Conclusion: Ancillary dimensions are more a feature of illness severity than differentially associated with individual symptom dimensions in childhood OCD. Insight and avoidance should be considered for inclusion in the assessment of illness severity in childhood OCD.
Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 2020
Background: There is some information from different developed coutries that mental health servic... more Background: There is some information from different developed coutries that mental health services have been badly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Little information is available from India. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of lockdown and COVID-19 pandemic on mental health services in India's various training centers. Materials and Methods: In an online survey, information was collected from various training centers of India through E-mail or WhatsApp. Results: Responses were received from 109 institutes. The majority of the responses were received from state-funded government medical colleges and private medical colleges. Since the lockdown and COVID-19 pandemic, brain stimulation treatments have completed stopped. Other, most affected services included electroconvulsive therapy, inpatient services, outpatient services, and psychotherapy services. However, there was an expansion of teleconsultations services because of the lockdown and the COVID-19 pandemic. In three-fourth of the centers mental health services were being provided to the patients with COVID-19 infection. In most of the institutes, mental health professionals were involved at different levels in the COVID-19 responsibilities. These included providing helpline services to the general public, screening people in quarantine for mental health issues, providing clinical care to COVID-19 patients, screening health care workers (HCWs) for mental health issues, and training the HCWs. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown have led to the collapse of regular mental health services. The present study also shows that mental health professionals are playing a significant role in addressing the prevailing psychiatric morbidity, specifically related to the COVID-19 related issues, and taking care of the HCWs.
Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 2020
There is a need to synthesize available information on the emerging construct of cyberchondria to... more There is a need to synthesize available information on the emerging construct of cyberchondria to guide evidence informed practice. With this in mind, electronic search of databases including MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect and Google scholar were carried out from inception till March 2020 to identify relevant English language peer reviewed articles related to cyberchondria. Generated abstracts were grouped according to their thematic focus and summarized. A total of 49 articles were reviewed. Articles directly evaluating cyberchondria were very few and most of the treatment evidence was extrapolated from trials on health anxiety. Cyberchondria appears to be a phenomenologically overlapping entity with, yet distinguishable from, health anxiety and there may be merit in studying the two constructs separately. Four validated self-assessment measures for cyberchondria are available in literature. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) delivered either physically or through the internet (iCBT) have been found to be effective for both health anxiety and cyberchondria. Pharmacologic strategies for health anxiety have mainly involved the use of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, with mean effective dosages higher than for depression/anxiety. Prevention of cyberchondria needs to focus on appropriate harm reduction strategies as well as supply and demand side measures. Internet based CBT therapies hold promise for management of cyberchondria. This finding must be considered preliminary due to limited evidence. Further study is required to establish the diagnostic validity of cyberchondria.
Indian Journal of Medical Research, 2019
Background & objectives: Sexual functioning is a strong determinant of quality of life. Sexua... more Background & objectives: Sexual functioning is a strong determinant of quality of life. Sexual dysfunction has been widely reported due to depressive disorder as well as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Thus, treatment with antidepressants can culminate in a double-edged sword, leading to drug discontinuation and symptom relapse. The objective of this study was to assess the sexual functioning of sexually active females with depression, currently in remission, receiving escitalopram and to compare with healthy controls. Methods: Fifty female patients with depression, currently in remission, with self-reported normal pre-morbid sexual function and receiving escitalopram for at least three months, were assessed on female sexual function index (FSFI) questionnaire and compared with healthy controls. Results: Half of the patients (n=25, 50%) in group A were found to have sexual dysfunction (FSFI score <26.55), while, 90 per cent (n=45) had decreased desire, 86 per cent (n=43) had decreased arousal, 54 per cent (n=27) had decreased lubrication, 68 per cent (n=34) had decreased orgasm, 62 per cent (n=31) had decreased satisfaction and 32 per cent (n=16) had pain during sexual activity. Patients receiving escitalopram had significantly higher sexual dysfunction as compared to healthy controls in mean total FSFI score (P < 0.001) and all mean domain scores of FSFI except pain. Interpretation & conclusions: A significant proportion of sexually active females with depression currently in remission, receiving escitalopram, reported dysfunction in all domains of sexual function; thus, routine screening for sexual dysfunction during follow up is advisable for early identification and prompt treatment.
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 2019
This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Comm... more This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.