Omokhoa Adeleye - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Omokhoa Adeleye

Maternal and Child Health Journal, 2016

Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium... more Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Many strategic challenges impeding the success of primary health care are rooted in weak strategic inputs, including intersectoral collaboration. Some encouraging evidence from programmes, projects, and studies suggests that intersectoral collaboration is feasible and useful. The strategy has the potential to fast-track the attainment of Millenium Development Goals. However, the strategy is not commonly utilised in developing countries. The health sector expects inputs from other sectors which may not necessarily subscribe to a shared responsibility for health improvement, whereas the public expects “health ” from the health sector. Yet, the health sector rarely takes on initiatives in that direction. The sector is challenged to mobilise all stakeholders for intersectoral collaboration through advocacy and programming. Pilot projects are ad...

Objectives: The study aimed at determining final year medical students’ anticipated specialty cho... more Objectives: The study aimed at determining final year medical students’ anticipated specialty choices, the factors they consider important in choosing a specialty and the interrelationship between these variables. Methodology: In a descriptive cross-sectional survey, questions on specialty preferences and influencing factors were asked, using structured self-administered questionnaires. Results: The specialty preferences included: surgery (50.7%), obstetrics and gynaecology (43.9%), paediatrics (20.6%), community health (17.6%) and adult medicine (14.5%). The proportions of preferred specialties did not ‘fit’ those of recent graduates of the National Postgraduate Medical College (p=0.00). The major influencing factors were personal interest (67.2%), potential for high income (22.0%) and perceived benefit to the society (14.9%). Potential for high income was a major factor associated with all the specialties except community health. Personal interest was a major factor associated wit...

Social Medicine, 2016

Background: In developing countries, men are sometimes stereotypically perceived as uninterested ... more Background: In developing countries, men are sometimes stereotypically perceived as uninterested in maternal health, but their reproductive health roles have been widely recognized. Some studies have suggested that effective communication with men on safe motherhood can yield behavior changes capable of reducing maternal deaths. Aim: This study’s objective was to study the impact of an educational session on the knowledge and attitudes of married men regarding maternal deaths. Design: Men were interviewed before the intervention and then participated in a joint educational session on safe motherhood. Follow-up interviews took place three months after the intervention. Results: 141 randomly selected men enrolled in the study; 122 completed both interviews. After the session, men were more likely to recognize a danger sign of pregnancy and delivery, but there was no increase in their willingness to participate in making the local hospital better for maternal healthcare. Mean composite...

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Africa was the last continent to be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Much of the discourse on A... more Africa was the last continent to be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Much of the discourse on Africa's response captured in scientific journals revolves around nations, public health agencies and organizations, but little is documented about how individual healthcare facilities have fared. This article reports the challenges faced in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria, including space constraints, diagnostic challenges, shortages in personal protective equipment and health worker infections. The opportunities and strengths that aided the response are also highlighted. The lessons learned will be useful to similar facilities. More information about health facility response at various levels is needed to comprehensively assess Africa's response to the pandemic.

Journal of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care, 2014

Background/Objective: There is some evidence that weak leadership in health institutions contribu... more Background/Objective: There is some evidence that weak leadership in health institutions contributes to underutilization of health services, resulting in high levels of morbidities and mortalities. Employee-rated leadership gaps in a hospital, as done in this study, can promote employee engagement in leadership capacity building to achieve improved health services and outcomes. The study's objective was to measure employees' rating of leadership in an hospital and to identify the associated socio-demographic factors. Subject and Methods: The study was conducted in University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State. The design was cross-sectional analytic. Doctors, nurses, pharmacists, laboratory scientists and senior administrative staff were selected by proportionate random sampling as study participants. With the aid of a questionnaire, respondents rated the hospital's leadership, using the six items in the leadership domain of the workforce version of Malcol...

The objective was to investigate men's gender preferences and the possible association with t... more The objective was to investigate men's gender preferences and the possible association with their knowledge of related maternal mortality indices. Using a cross-sectional design, a structured questionnaire was administered to 369 randomly selected males aged 18-75 years in Ekiadolor, Nigeria. A total of 176(47.7%) respondents had gender preference, 135(36.6%) preferring sons. Respondents who stated values >4 as the maximum safe parity per woman were 175(47.4%). Of these, 67.4% (118/175) had gender preference compared to 29.9% (58/194) who stated values ≤4 (logistic regression: p = 0.000; OR = 4 .6, 95% CI = 2.97 - 7.25). Respondents who were aware that pregnancy and delivery could put a woman's health at risk were 263 (71.3%). Of these, 58.6% (154/263) had no gender preference compared to 36.8% (39/106) of those who lacked this awareness. The association in this distribution was initially masked in a χ 2 -test but demonstrated in the binomial logistic regression analysis ...

Journals of Community Health Research, 2016

Introduction: HIV counseling and testing are regarded as a vital preliminary interventional step ... more Introduction: HIV counseling and testing are regarded as a vital preliminary interventional step aimed at reducing the spread of HIV infection. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine the attitude of health care professionals towards voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) for HIV/AIDS at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional prospective study, a self –administered structured questionnaire was used, which contained sections on bio-social variables aimed at fulfilling the objectives of the study. The study participants consisted of medical doctors, nurses, medical laboratory scientists, radiographers, social workers and pharmacists.The data were collated, inputted into a computer and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software(ver, 22). Descriptive variables were summarized using percentages and proportions for the categorical variables. Moreover, bivariate analysis was performed to test the association b...

This study was undertaken to assess the attitude gaps of parents regarding abdominal scarificatio... more This study was undertaken to assess the attitude gaps of parents regarding abdominal scarification of children as a treatment for splenic enlargement. The study was conducted in a rural community in southern Nigeria, a country that is stable and holoendemic for malaria. With a descriptive cross-sectional design, 262 parents of children at least 2-years old were selected using random clusters and participated in questionnaire- based interviews. The results showed that 76.7% of the respondents believed that abdominal scarification was effective in treating splenic enlargement and 64.9% had at least one child so scarified. Only 34.7% (91/262) stated fever (accepted as correct for a lay, low-literate population) as the cause of splenic enlargement; others stated evil spirits, witches, etc as causes. Lower educational levels were significantly associated with having a child with abdominal scarification (Logistic regression: p = 0.034; OR = 1.37 (95% CI = 1.06-3.34)). Older age, but not l...

Background/objective : Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterised by a clustering of cardiometabo... more Background/objective : Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterised by a clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors. It contributes to morbidity and mortality in adults. The objective of the study was to identify new cases and associated factors of MetS in patients attending a tertiary hospital staff clinic. Materials and methods : The study was conducted in the staff clinic of University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City. A cross-sectional descriptive design was used. The study population consisted of adult patients (≥18 years) attending the staff clinic. Respondents were selected by simple random sampling method. Diagnosis of MetS was made using the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Results : A total of 342 patients participated in the study. Their mean age was 45.5 (SD, 9.5) years. Females were 233 (68.1%) and males 109 (31.9%). Fifty-three (15.5%) patients were diagnosed for MetS. Means and standard deviations of almost all criteria for MetS were significantly diff...

Nigeria is experiencing, together with the rest of the world, consequences of relentlessly accele... more Nigeria is experiencing, together with the rest of the world, consequences of relentlessly accelerating technological developments, in the contexts of relative lagging of developments in the Humanities, new discoveries in sciences and technological innovations, advances in medicine, changes in government policies and norms, rapid changes in the society, unhealthy practices in the area of food and agriculture, degradation of the environment as well as climate change. Furthermore, Nigeria as a Member State of UNESCO Bioethics is expected to have a National Bioethics Committee to enhance her participation in global concerns, as well as increase her opportunities to tap into global Bioethics resources. For this Committee to be established, the National Bioethics Framework and Policy Documents must be put in place. This paper discusses the rigorous process of developing the National Bioethics Framework and the National Bioethics Policy Documents as well as the need for a National Bioethi...

Ghana Medical Journal

Background: Non-adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) favours drug resistance... more Background: Non-adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) favours drug resistance and wastes resources. These have negative implications for personal and public health. Objective: To assess adherence levels, the associated factors and its association with increase in CD4 cell count in people living with HIV (PLHIVs). Methods: In a cross-sectional survey, systematically selected adult PLHIVs attending a tertiary hospital in Nigeria self-reported their 28-day adherence to HAART and reasons for missing doses using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Their 6-month difference in CD4 cell count was also assessed. Results: The participants totalled 425. Their mean age was 38.6 (SD, 10.1) years and 309 (72.7%) had secondary or tertiary education. The 28-day mean adherence level was 96.8% (SD, 7.9%) and 354 (83.3%) participants had optimaladherence (≥ 95%). Socio-demographic characteristics, side effects and having human reminders were not associated with adherence lev...

South African Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2016

... REFERENCES 1. Australian Medical Workforce Advisory Committee. Career decision making by doct... more ... REFERENCES 1. Australian Medical Workforce Advisory Committee. Career decision making by doctors in their postgraduate years A literature review. AMWAC report 2002.1. ... 13. Labiran A, Mafe M, Onajole B, Lambo E. Health workforce country profile for Nigeria. ...

The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal

To assess the proportion of patients with suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to highly activ... more To assess the proportion of patients with suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) who reported the reactions to their healthcare providers and the factors associated with the reporting. The study was conducted in the US President&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) clinic at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Benin City. The study population consisted of adult HIV infection patients receiving HAART at the clinic, who had suspected ADRs (SADRs). Using a systematic random sampling technique, patients were selected and interviewed with the aid of a structured questionnaire. The outcome measure was whether or not a SADR was reported to a healthcare provider. The study participants totalled 233, 171 (73.4%) of whom reported SADRs to their healthcare providers. Statistically significant difference was demonstrated with following higher-than-mean proportions of participants that reported SADRs: 100% (13/13) of respondents who experienced a SADR perceived to be life-threatening, (p=0.02; OR=0.00, 95%CI=0.00-0.87); 88.6% (31/35) of those who regarded their SADRs as severe (p=0.01; OR=4.02, 95%CI=1.28-16.63); and 95.2% (20/21) of those who had skin eruptions (p=0.02; OR=0.12, 95%CI=0.00-0.81). The finding that a high proportion of patients reported SADRs suggests that majority of patients contribute to pharmacovigilance and that they constitute opportunities for direct reporting of HAART-related ADRs to pharmacovilance centres. Facility-based pharmacovigilance desks should be set up and access should be created for patients to report SADRs directly. Healthcare providers should educate patients to report SADRs.

The objective was to investigate men’s gender preferences and the possible association with their... more The objective was to investigate men’s gender preferences and the possible association with theirknowledge of related maternal mortality indices. Using a cross-sectional design, a structured questionnaire wasadministered to 369 randomly selected males aged 18-75 years in Ekiadolor, Nigeria. A total of 176(47.7%)respondents had gender preference, 135(36.6%) preferring sons. Respondents who stated values >4 as themaximum safe parity per woman were 175(47.4%). O f these, 67.4% (118/175) had gender preference comparedto 29.9% (58/194) who stated values #4 (logistic regression: p = 0.000; OR = 4.6, 95% CI = 2.97 - 7.25).Respondents who were aware that pregnancy and delivery could put a woman’s health at risk were 263(71.3%). Of these, 58.6% (154/263) had no gender preference compared to 36.8% (39/106) of those who lackedthis awareness. The association in this distribution was initially masked in a P2-test but demonstrated in thebinomial logistic regression analysis (p = 0.002; OR = 0....

This study was undertaken to elicit barriers and knowledge gaps regarding the benefits of family ... more This study was undertaken to elicit barriers and knowledge gaps regarding the benefits of family planning among women in Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria. Using a cross-sectional design, a structured questionnaire was administered to 180 consenting women attending antenatal clinic sessions in a large hospital. The control of family size, 72/180 (40.0%) and child spacing, 64/180 (35.6%) were the major benefits of family planning stated. The most direct benefit to maternal health - absence of pregnancy complications - was the least mentioned (5%). A total of 18/180 (10.0%) stated that family planning w as of no benefit. No statistically significant association was demonstrated between educational levels and the knowledge of family planning benefits. Respondents aged 30 - 49 years were more likely than the younger ones to state child spacing as a benefit of family planning methods [logistic regression: p = 0.004; OR = 2.61 (95% CI = 1.37 - 4.98)]. The commonest reasons for objecting to family...

Ebonyi Medical Journal, 2011

ABSTRACT Aim: One of the commonest alternatives to Pap's smear is direct visualization of... more ABSTRACT Aim: One of the commonest alternatives to Pap's smear is direct visualization of the cervix using Acetic acid. The investigators set out to evaluate cervical cancer screening using Visual inspection with Acetic acid in a Faith based organizational setting. Methods: The study was carried out at the premises of the headquarters of the Redeemed Christian Church of God, Edo Province 1. Women were mobilized and had the VIA test in the church vestry done by trained nurses. The subjects with positive VIA results were referred to the University of Benin Teaching Hospital for further assessment, that is, Pap's smear and Colposcopy as indicated. Results: A total of 367 women had the VIA test of which 31 were positive, a detection rate of 8.4%. Seventeen (17) women came for further evaluation. Of the 17 patients that had Pap's smear 3patients had low grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions, this was confirmed at Colposcopy. The positive predictive value of VIA was 25%. However 14 women refused follow up making the non compliance rate 45% a Conclusion: This study has shown the indispensible role of the faith based organizations in screening programmes and the need for them to be incorporated into such programmes, particularly in areas where there is no structured screening programme. It also highlighted issues such as ignorance as evident by a non compliance rate of 45% and low level of man-power.

International Journal of Health Research, 2009

and full-text of published articles. The journal is devoted to the promotion of health sciences a... more and full-text of published articles. The journal is devoted to the promotion of health sciences and related disciplines (including medicine, pharmacy, nursing, biotechnology, cell and molecular biology, and related engineering fields). It seeks particularly (but not exclusively) to encourage multidisciplinary research and collaboration among scientists, the industry and the healthcare professionals. It will also provide an international forum for the communication and evaluation of data, methods and findings in health sciences and related disciplines. The journal welcomes original research papers, reviews and case reports on current topics of special interest and relevance. All manuscripts will be subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication) will be published without delay. The maximum length of manuscripts should normally be 10,000 words (20 single-spaced typewritten pages) for review, 6,000 words for research articles, 3,000 for technical notes, case reports, commentaries and short communications.

Journal of Health Communication, 2011

Group health talks were conducted in Ekiadolor, Southern Nigeria, to improve male attitudes and p... more Group health talks were conducted in Ekiadolor, Southern Nigeria, to improve male attitudes and practices regarding their involvement in prenatal care and family planning. Intervention planners highlight the importance of embedding local cultural norms along with co-opting gendered beliefs for purposes of planning and implementing the group talks. The authors facilitated 9 groups of adult males mostly from the traditional hierarchy of the community. Using gender theory as an analytical lens along with the application of local cultural beliefs and norms, a useful communication intervention was developed that increased the possibility of positive male engagement in maternal health in 1 Nigerian community.