Adib Essali - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Adib Essali
Open Journal of Psychiatry, 2020
Background: The use of antipsychotic medication remains an essential treatment modality for schiz... more Background: The use of antipsychotic medication remains an essential treatment modality for schizophrenia and related psychosis. However, there is a globally recognised variation in prescribing which is attributed to multiple factors. Guidelines set the expected standard and criteria for evidence based prescribing practice of antipsychotic medication. The aim of this clinical audit was to review antipsychotic prescribing patterns in adult patients with a history of schizophrenia or related psychosis attending community outpatients' clinics and to verify the uniformity of this prescribing with clinical guideline recommendations. Methods: Information about the use of antipsychotic medication was collected in a sample of a 100 patients with a history of psychosis in Waikato region to investigate the consistency of antipsychotic medication prescribing practice using standard guidelines. Identifying inconsistent patterns of prescribing will offer opportunities for intervention and advancement of best and safe practice. Results: Most patients (86%) were maintained on a single antipsychotic medication within the recommended dose range. 27% of the patients were prescribed clozapine alone or in combination with other antipsychotic medication making clozapine the most frequently prescribed antipsychotic medication in our sample. Nearly half of the patients (48%) were on depot antipsychotic injections of which 20% were first-generation antipsychotic injections. Conclusions: Prescribing patterns of antipsychotics amongst our group of patients seem to be consistent with current evidence-based guidelines particularly with regards to class, frequency and dose range. Further research is required to assist in the formulation of Clozapine augmentation evidence-based guidelines.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2017
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To examin... more This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To examine the efficacy and safety of the different routes of haloperidol administration for people with schizophrenia. Haloperidol (route of administration) for people with schizophrenia (Protocol)
nuclei and Superficial Layer of the Inferior CoUiculae evi-dent in certain animals only. but valu... more nuclei and Superficial Layer of the Inferior CoUiculae evi-dent in certain animals only. but values did not reach stat-istical significance in the experimental group as a whole. Decreased activity in the Nucleus Accurnbens reached stat-istlcal significance. This structure, important in dopamin-ergic neurotransmission, may be implicated in the unique therapeutic mode of action ofECT. Pterin metaoolisrn in depression: a marker for response to ECT Drs D. iV. Anderson. A·l. T. Abou-Saleh and J. Blair. Department of Psychiatry. Royal Liverpool Hospital Amine hypotheses for depression have postulated a func-tional deficiency in monoamines (noradrenaline and sero-tonin). These hypotheses were further refined suggesting either a deficiency of output or altered receptor sensitivity. Evidence from studies of pterin metabolism sugoest a more
Subjects are then mndomised to one at' two \!rOUDS. -, (a) The active treatment group: receiv... more Subjects are then mndomised to one at' two \!rOUDS. -, (a) The active treatment group: receiving 6 months treatment with oestradiol skin patches -cklivering 200 mog oestradiol per 24 hours. Oydrogesterone 10 mg dav t'or 12 davs is added in months 4, 5 -, . and 6. (b) The placebo group receiving placebo skin patches and placebo progesterone following the same regime as (a). -Subjects in both groups are followed-up four-weekly over the six months treatment period and for three months thereafter. Progress measures include the EPOS. a brief -psvchiatric Interview. and daily symptom charts. LH levels are increased by the specific opiOd antagonist naloxone. due to its effect on the endogenous oplOd recep-tors of the hypothalamic pituitary axis. Six medication-t'ree depressed males (Research Diagnostic Criteria. age range ---31-66) and age-matched controls underwent LH measure-ments between 9 am and 12 noon at half-hourly intervals. ,"'-t I:'. noon an intravenous b...
Schizophrenia Research, 1989
ABSTRACT Hi-csch I:E'pcH 'anent of Psychiatry & Biochemi 51 ry, Cl1arin:J... more ABSTRACT Hi-csch I:E'pcH 'anent of Psychiatry & Biochemi 51 ry, Cl1arin:J Cn)5.S & Vedical School, Lomon W6 8RF, U.K. , sp?!1tlicllne am speunine, am their preClJrsor are ubiqui tOllsl y dis I ri huted in Dalls, am extl'aaallular flllids. Alter ation in concenb ations in human l:cdy fluids have been d ted in sevelal physiological (e.g.) am pathological comitions (e.g. cancer) am may serve as llseful diagllostic am thel apelItic market s. Polyami ncs have also been btlplicated in schiz 'a since plasllla levels are elevated in schiz ' c patient s (SVinariev, 1987) am from st.udies, where di-cecL application of polyamines to limbic 51 ruclll1~ES . rsch et al., 1987). 'The sl. nely of blcx:xi paLlenl in schiz _ 'c:; seems, therefore, to be a FCSSible tool for s c h i z ' cs am may be bnrnt Ultlt to
Schizophrenia Research, 1990
Journal of Psychopharmacology, 1992
Intracellular free calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]1) were measured in platelets from healthy volun... more Intracellular free calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]1) were measured in platelets from healthy volunteers before and after adding thrombin, chlorpromazine, haloperidol and/or lithium, and in platelets from DSM-III-R diagnosed schizophrenic patients receiving neuroleptic medication. Thrombin increased [Ca2+] 1 in a dose- dependent fashion. Chlorpromazine and haloperidol also mobilized Ca2+ in a dose-dependent fashion, and augmented the response to low doses of thrombin without changing the maximal response to thrombin. The effects of all three drugs were not additive, suggesting that they affected the same intraplatelet calcium pool; most likely the dense tubular system. Lithium also increased [Ca2+ ] but without affecting the response to thrombin, chlorpromazine or haloperidol. The effects of the latter three drugs were additive to that of lithium, suggesting that lithium was acting on a different calcium pool. The response to thrombin was significantly lower in platelets from schizoph...
Journal of Psychopharmacology, 1992
intracellular. A large number of external stimuli use the phosphoinositide (PI) transduction syst... more intracellular. A large number of external stimuli use the phosphoinositide (PI) transduction system for gaining access to intracellular calcium stores. The PI system has been extensively reviewed (e.g. Hokin, 1985; Abdel-Latif, 1986; Michell, 1986; Nahorski, Kendall and Batty, 1986; Berridge and Irvine, 1989; Nahorski et al., 1991), and a basic scheme of this system is depicted in Fig. 1. Neuroleptic drugs have been shown to be capable of regulating the activity of the PI system in blood platelets both in vivo (Essali et al., 1990) and in vitro (Essali et al., 1991). Neuroleptics have also been shown to regulate the PI system in other tissues. The present paper will, however, concentrate only on research reported in neuronal and pituitary tissues with the aim of developing the hypothesis that neuroleptics may elicit most of their therapeutic and side effects through receptor-mediated effects on the PI system in the central nervous system. According to this hypothesis, current neurotransmitter
Biological Psychiatry, 1990
Signal transduction, mediated by the thrombin-stimulated polyphoshoinositide (PPI) turnover was s... more Signal transduction, mediated by the thrombin-stimulated polyphoshoinositide (PPI) turnover was studied in platelets from 44 schizophrenic patients and 33 healthy volunteers. The stimulated generation of inositol phosphates in the schizophrenic group was significantly greater than that in the control group. There was a lack of correlation between this augmented response and a variety of clinical parameters. The response in 9 drugnaive schizophrenic pasients was not significantly different from that in controls. The response was significantly augmented in patients receiving neuroleptic treatment and in patients who had been off neuroleptics for at least 4 months. These results indicate that neuroleptic treatment may produce a long-term modification of signal transduction via the PPI system. Further studies are required to elucidate the exact nature of this modification and to explore the possibility that this effect of the neuroleptics may provide a novel approach to understanding the neurochemistry of schizophrenia and to monitoring the neuroleptic treatment.
Isehc Newsletter, Sep 3, 2012
... read, and taken seriously. And it might just help to make knowledgeable ignorance something t... more ... read, and taken seriously. And it might just help to make knowledgeable ignorance something to be proud of. Ike Iheanacho editor, Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin Ike.Iheanacho@which.co. uk Testing Treatments: Better Research for Better Healthcare Imogen Evans, Hazel ...
The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.
Open Journal of Psychiatry, 2020
Background: The use of antipsychotic medication remains an essential treatment modality for schiz... more Background: The use of antipsychotic medication remains an essential treatment modality for schizophrenia and related psychosis. However, there is a globally recognised variation in prescribing which is attributed to multiple factors. Guidelines set the expected standard and criteria for evidence based prescribing practice of antipsychotic medication. The aim of this clinical audit was to review antipsychotic prescribing patterns in adult patients with a history of schizophrenia or related psychosis attending community outpatients' clinics and to verify the uniformity of this prescribing with clinical guideline recommendations. Methods: Information about the use of antipsychotic medication was collected in a sample of a 100 patients with a history of psychosis in Waikato region to investigate the consistency of antipsychotic medication prescribing practice using standard guidelines. Identifying inconsistent patterns of prescribing will offer opportunities for intervention and advancement of best and safe practice. Results: Most patients (86%) were maintained on a single antipsychotic medication within the recommended dose range. 27% of the patients were prescribed clozapine alone or in combination with other antipsychotic medication making clozapine the most frequently prescribed antipsychotic medication in our sample. Nearly half of the patients (48%) were on depot antipsychotic injections of which 20% were first-generation antipsychotic injections. Conclusions: Prescribing patterns of antipsychotics amongst our group of patients seem to be consistent with current evidence-based guidelines particularly with regards to class, frequency and dose range. Further research is required to assist in the formulation of Clozapine augmentation evidence-based guidelines.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2017
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To examin... more This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To examine the efficacy and safety of the different routes of haloperidol administration for people with schizophrenia. Haloperidol (route of administration) for people with schizophrenia (Protocol)
nuclei and Superficial Layer of the Inferior CoUiculae evi-dent in certain animals only. but valu... more nuclei and Superficial Layer of the Inferior CoUiculae evi-dent in certain animals only. but values did not reach stat-istical significance in the experimental group as a whole. Decreased activity in the Nucleus Accurnbens reached stat-istlcal significance. This structure, important in dopamin-ergic neurotransmission, may be implicated in the unique therapeutic mode of action ofECT. Pterin metaoolisrn in depression: a marker for response to ECT Drs D. iV. Anderson. A·l. T. Abou-Saleh and J. Blair. Department of Psychiatry. Royal Liverpool Hospital Amine hypotheses for depression have postulated a func-tional deficiency in monoamines (noradrenaline and sero-tonin). These hypotheses were further refined suggesting either a deficiency of output or altered receptor sensitivity. Evidence from studies of pterin metabolism sugoest a more
Subjects are then mndomised to one at' two \!rOUDS. -, (a) The active treatment group: receiv... more Subjects are then mndomised to one at' two \!rOUDS. -, (a) The active treatment group: receiving 6 months treatment with oestradiol skin patches -cklivering 200 mog oestradiol per 24 hours. Oydrogesterone 10 mg dav t'or 12 davs is added in months 4, 5 -, . and 6. (b) The placebo group receiving placebo skin patches and placebo progesterone following the same regime as (a). -Subjects in both groups are followed-up four-weekly over the six months treatment period and for three months thereafter. Progress measures include the EPOS. a brief -psvchiatric Interview. and daily symptom charts. LH levels are increased by the specific opiOd antagonist naloxone. due to its effect on the endogenous oplOd recep-tors of the hypothalamic pituitary axis. Six medication-t'ree depressed males (Research Diagnostic Criteria. age range ---31-66) and age-matched controls underwent LH measure-ments between 9 am and 12 noon at half-hourly intervals. ,"'-t I:'. noon an intravenous b...
Schizophrenia Research, 1989
ABSTRACT Hi-csch I:E'pcH 'anent of Psychiatry & Biochemi 51 ry, Cl1arin:J... more ABSTRACT Hi-csch I:E'pcH 'anent of Psychiatry & Biochemi 51 ry, Cl1arin:J Cn)5.S & Vedical School, Lomon W6 8RF, U.K. , sp?!1tlicllne am speunine, am their preClJrsor are ubiqui tOllsl y dis I ri huted in Dalls, am extl'aaallular flllids. Alter ation in concenb ations in human l:cdy fluids have been d ted in sevelal physiological (e.g.) am pathological comitions (e.g. cancer) am may serve as llseful diagllostic am thel apelItic market s. Polyami ncs have also been btlplicated in schiz 'a since plasllla levels are elevated in schiz ' c patient s (SVinariev, 1987) am from st.udies, where di-cecL application of polyamines to limbic 51 ruclll1~ES . rsch et al., 1987). 'The sl. nely of blcx:xi paLlenl in schiz _ 'c:; seems, therefore, to be a FCSSible tool for s c h i z ' cs am may be bnrnt Ultlt to
Schizophrenia Research, 1990
Journal of Psychopharmacology, 1992
Intracellular free calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]1) were measured in platelets from healthy volun... more Intracellular free calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]1) were measured in platelets from healthy volunteers before and after adding thrombin, chlorpromazine, haloperidol and/or lithium, and in platelets from DSM-III-R diagnosed schizophrenic patients receiving neuroleptic medication. Thrombin increased [Ca2+] 1 in a dose- dependent fashion. Chlorpromazine and haloperidol also mobilized Ca2+ in a dose-dependent fashion, and augmented the response to low doses of thrombin without changing the maximal response to thrombin. The effects of all three drugs were not additive, suggesting that they affected the same intraplatelet calcium pool; most likely the dense tubular system. Lithium also increased [Ca2+ ] but without affecting the response to thrombin, chlorpromazine or haloperidol. The effects of the latter three drugs were additive to that of lithium, suggesting that lithium was acting on a different calcium pool. The response to thrombin was significantly lower in platelets from schizoph...
Journal of Psychopharmacology, 1992
intracellular. A large number of external stimuli use the phosphoinositide (PI) transduction syst... more intracellular. A large number of external stimuli use the phosphoinositide (PI) transduction system for gaining access to intracellular calcium stores. The PI system has been extensively reviewed (e.g. Hokin, 1985; Abdel-Latif, 1986; Michell, 1986; Nahorski, Kendall and Batty, 1986; Berridge and Irvine, 1989; Nahorski et al., 1991), and a basic scheme of this system is depicted in Fig. 1. Neuroleptic drugs have been shown to be capable of regulating the activity of the PI system in blood platelets both in vivo (Essali et al., 1990) and in vitro (Essali et al., 1991). Neuroleptics have also been shown to regulate the PI system in other tissues. The present paper will, however, concentrate only on research reported in neuronal and pituitary tissues with the aim of developing the hypothesis that neuroleptics may elicit most of their therapeutic and side effects through receptor-mediated effects on the PI system in the central nervous system. According to this hypothesis, current neurotransmitter
Biological Psychiatry, 1990
Signal transduction, mediated by the thrombin-stimulated polyphoshoinositide (PPI) turnover was s... more Signal transduction, mediated by the thrombin-stimulated polyphoshoinositide (PPI) turnover was studied in platelets from 44 schizophrenic patients and 33 healthy volunteers. The stimulated generation of inositol phosphates in the schizophrenic group was significantly greater than that in the control group. There was a lack of correlation between this augmented response and a variety of clinical parameters. The response in 9 drugnaive schizophrenic pasients was not significantly different from that in controls. The response was significantly augmented in patients receiving neuroleptic treatment and in patients who had been off neuroleptics for at least 4 months. These results indicate that neuroleptic treatment may produce a long-term modification of signal transduction via the PPI system. Further studies are required to elucidate the exact nature of this modification and to explore the possibility that this effect of the neuroleptics may provide a novel approach to understanding the neurochemistry of schizophrenia and to monitoring the neuroleptic treatment.
Isehc Newsletter, Sep 3, 2012
... read, and taken seriously. And it might just help to make knowledgeable ignorance something t... more ... read, and taken seriously. And it might just help to make knowledgeable ignorance something to be proud of. Ike Iheanacho editor, Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin Ike.Iheanacho@which.co. uk Testing Treatments: Better Research for Better Healthcare Imogen Evans, Hazel ...
The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.