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Thesis Chapters by Abdulfattah W A L E E D abdulateef

abdulfattah, 2023

Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for resident... more Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for
residential use in recent years, a design and sizing of a smart grid-tied PV system for one
of the Aberdeen residential users was carried out. Before was starting the design and sizing
of the PV grid-tied, a brief study was conducted on the PV in general, types of PV systems
which are grid-tied and off-grid, and on the smart grid-tied system regarding its design and
components. After the study was conducted, the smart grid-tied PV system for the
residential user was designed based on the annual estimated bill that the utility company
provided. The system was required eight PV modules with a rated power of 350 watts to
offset the utility grid, which is around 2.8Kw/h. Also, one charge controller was used to
charge the battery bank, one inverter that was used to invert the DC power to Ac power,
four batteries connected in series to provide the electricity to the system during the
overcasting days for four days from 6 am to 6 pm, one smart net meter to measure the
export and import electricity to and from the utility grid, smart battery meter to measure the
battery storage percentage, and communication hub to provide an ability to control and
monitor the system through the Victron Connect app thanks to its added Bluetooth
capability. The designed grid-tied PV system was simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK to
verify the designed system. Hence, the obtained PV output energy per day/month for a year
from the MATLAB/SIMULINK was compared with GSA (Global Solar Atlas). The
MATLAB/SIMULINK PV output energy was close to the GSA with no significant difference.
Based on the obtained output energy from MATLAB/SIMULINK, the designed PV system
was able to offset the 2019.61kWh/year of the utility grid. And the annual electricity bill
saving of the residential user with the designed PV system was around £555.3/year, and
the rough cost of the designed PV system was £4330.26. With the designed PV system,
the user could compensate the cost of the system from the saving electricity bill in around
seven years and ten months and nine days

abdulfattah, 2023

Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for resident... more Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for
residential use in recent years, a design and sizing of a smart grid-tied PV system for one
of the Aberdeen residential users was carried out. Before was starting the design and sizing
of the PV grid-tied, a brief study was conducted on the PV in general, types of PV systems
which are grid-tied and off-grid, and on the smart grid-tied system regarding its design and
components. After the study was conducted, the smart grid-tied PV system for the
residential user was designed based on the annual estimated bill that the utility company
provided. The system was required eight PV modules with a rated power of 350 watts to
offset the utility grid, which is around 2.8Kw/h. Also, one charge controller was used to
charge the battery bank, one inverter that was used to invert the DC power to Ac power,
four batteries connected in series to provide the electricity to the system during the
overcasting days for four days from 6 am to 6 pm, one smart net meter to measure the
export and import electricity to and from the utility grid, smart battery meter to measure the
battery storage percentage, and communication hub to provide an ability to control and
monitor the system through the Victron Connect app thanks to its added Bluetooth
capability. The designed grid-tied PV system was simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK to
verify the designed system. Hence, the obtained PV output energy per day/month for a year
from the MATLAB/SIMULINK was compared with GSA (Global Solar Atlas). The
MATLAB/SIMULINK PV output energy was close to the GSA with no significant difference.
Based on the obtained output energy from MATLAB/SIMULINK, the designed PV system
was able to offset the 2019.61kWh/year of the utility grid. And the annual electricity bill
saving of the residential user with the designed PV system was around £555.3/year, and
the rough cost of the designed PV system was £4330.26. With the designed PV system,
the user could compensate the cost of the system from the saving electricity bill in around
seven years and ten months and nine days.

Abdulfattah, 2023

Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for resident... more Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for
residential use in recent years, a design and sizing of a smart grid-tied PV system for one
of the Aberdeen residential users was carried out. Before was starting the design and sizing
of the PV grid-tied, a brief study was conducted on the PV in general, types of PV systems
which are grid-tied and off-grid, and on the smart grid-tied system regarding its design and
components. After the study was conducted, the smart grid-tied PV system for the
residential user was designed based on the annual estimated bill that the utility company
provided. The system was required eight PV modules with a rated power of 350 watts to
offset the utility grid, which is around 2.8Kw/h. Also, one charge controller was used to
charge the battery bank, one inverter that was used to invert the DC power to Ac power,
four batteries connected in series to provide the electricity to the system during the
overcasting days for four days from 6 am to 6 pm, one smart net meter to measure the
export and import electricity to and from the utility grid, smart battery meter to measure the
battery storage percentage, and communication hub to provide an ability to control and
monitor the system through the Victron Connect app thanks to its added Bluetooth
capability. The designed grid-tied PV system was simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK to
verify the designed system. Hence, the obtained PV output energy per day/month for a year
from the MATLAB/SIMULINK was compared with GSA (Global Solar Atlas). The
MATLAB/SIMULINK PV output energy was close to the GSA with no significant difference.
Based on the obtained output energy from MATLAB/SIMULINK, the designed PV system
was able to offset the 2019.61kWh/year of the utility grid. And the annual electricity bill
saving of the residential user with the designed PV system was around £555.3/year, and
the rough cost of the designed PV system was £4330.26. With the designed PV system,
the user could compensate the cost of the system from the saving electricity bill in around
seven years and ten months and nine days.

Abdulfattah, 2023

Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for resident... more Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for
residential use in recent years, a design and sizing of a smart grid-tied PV system for one
of the Aberdeen residential users was carried out. Before was starting the design and sizing
of the PV grid-tied, a brief study was conducted on the PV in general, types of PV systems
which are grid-tied and off-grid, and on the smart grid-tied system regarding its design and
components. After the study was conducted, the smart grid-tied PV system for the
residential user was designed based on the annual estimated bill that the utility company
provided. The system was required eight PV modules with a rated power of 350 watts to
offset the utility grid, which is around 2.8Kw/h. Also, one charge controller was used to
charge the battery bank, one inverter that was used to invert the DC power to Ac power,
four batteries connected in series to provide the electricity to the system during the
overcasting days for four days from 6 am to 6 pm, one smart net meter to measure the
export and import electricity to and from the utility grid, smart battery meter to measure the
battery storage percentage, and communication hub to provide an ability to control and
monitor the system through the Victron Connect app thanks to its added Bluetooth
capability. The designed grid-tied PV system was simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK to
verify the designed system. Hence, the obtained PV output energy per day/month for a year
from the MATLAB/SIMULINK was compared with GSA (Global Solar Atlas). The
MATLAB/SIMULINK PV output energy was close to the GSA with no significant difference.
Based on the obtained output energy from MATLAB/SIMULINK, the designed PV system
was able to offset the 2019.61kWh/year of the utility grid. And the annual electricity bill
saving of the residential user with the designed PV system was around £555.3/year, and
the rough cost of the designed PV system was £4330.26. With the designed PV system,
the user could compensate the cost of the system from the saving electricity bill in around
seven years and ten months and nine days

abdulfattah, 2023

Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for resident... more Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for
residential use in recent years, a design and sizing of a smart grid-tied PV system for one
of the Aberdeen residential users was carried out. Before was starting the design and sizing
of the PV grid-tied, a brief study was conducted on the PV in general, types of PV systems
which are grid-tied and off-grid, and on the smart grid-tied system regarding its design and
components. After the study was conducted, the smart grid-tied PV system for the
residential user was designed based on the annual estimated bill that the utility company
provided. The system was required eight PV modules with a rated power of 350 watts to
offset the utility grid, which is around 2.8Kw/h. Also, one charge controller was used to
charge the battery bank, one inverter that was used to invert the DC power to Ac power,
four batteries connected in series to provide the electricity to the system during the
overcasting days for four days from 6 am to 6 pm, one smart net meter to measure the
export and import electricity to and from the utility grid, smart battery meter to measure the
battery storage percentage, and communication hub to provide an ability to control and
monitor the system through the Victron Connect app thanks to its added Bluetooth
capability. The designed grid-tied PV system was simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK to
verify the designed system. Hence, the obtained PV output energy per day/month for a year
from the MATLAB/SIMULINK was compared with GSA (Global Solar Atlas). The
MATLAB/SIMULINK PV output energy was close to the GSA with no significant difference.
Based on the obtained output energy from MATLAB/SIMULINK, the designed PV system
was able to offset the 2019.61kWh/year of the utility grid. And the annual electricity bill
saving of the residential user with the designed PV system was around £555.3/year, and
the rough cost of the designed PV system was £4330.26. With the designed PV system,
the user could compensate the cost of the system from the saving electricity bill in around
seven years and ten months and nine days

abdulfattah, 2023

Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for resident... more Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for
residential use in recent years, a design and sizing of a smart grid-tied PV system for one
of the Aberdeen residential users was carried out. Before was starting the design and sizing
of the PV grid-tied, a brief study was conducted on the PV in general, types of PV systems
which are grid-tied and off-grid, and on the smart grid-tied system regarding its design and
components. After the study was conducted, the smart grid-tied PV system for the
residential user was designed based on the annual estimated bill that the utility company
provided. The system was required eight PV modules with a rated power of 350 watts to
offset the utility grid, which is around 2.8Kw/h. Also, one charge controller was used to
charge the battery bank, one inverter that was used to invert the DC power to Ac power,
four batteries connected in series to provide the electricity to the system during the
overcasting days for four days from 6 am to 6 pm, one smart net meter to measure the
export and import electricity to and from the utility grid, smart battery meter to measure the
battery storage percentage, and communication hub to provide an ability to control and
monitor the system through the Victron Connect app thanks to its added Bluetooth
capability. The designed grid-tied PV system was simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK to
verify the designed system. Hence, the obtained PV output energy per day/month for a year
from the MATLAB/SIMULINK was compared with GSA (Global Solar Atlas). The
MATLAB/SIMULINK PV output energy was close to the GSA with no significant difference.
Based on the obtained output energy from MATLAB/SIMULINK, the designed PV system
was able to offset the 2019.61kWh/year of the utility grid. And the annual electricity bill
saving of the residential user with the designed PV system was around £555.3/year, and
the rough cost of the designed PV system was £4330.26. With the designed PV system,
the user could compensate the cost of the system from the saving electricity bill in around
seven years and ten months and nine days.

Abdulfattah, 2023

Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for resident... more Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for
residential use in recent years, a design and sizing of a smart grid-tied PV system for one
of the Aberdeen residential users was carried out. Before was starting the design and sizing
of the PV grid-tied, a brief study was conducted on the PV in general, types of PV systems
which are grid-tied and off-grid, and on the smart grid-tied system regarding its design and
components. After the study was conducted, the smart grid-tied PV system for the
residential user was designed based on the annual estimated bill that the utility company
provided. The system was required eight PV modules with a rated power of 350 watts to
offset the utility grid, which is around 2.8Kw/h. Also, one charge controller was used to
charge the battery bank, one inverter that was used to invert the DC power to Ac power,
four batteries connected in series to provide the electricity to the system during the
overcasting days for four days from 6 am to 6 pm, one smart net meter to measure the
export and import electricity to and from the utility grid, smart battery meter to measure the
battery storage percentage, and communication hub to provide an ability to control and
monitor the system through the Victron Connect app thanks to its added Bluetooth
capability. The designed grid-tied PV system was simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK to
verify the designed system. Hence, the obtained PV output energy per day/month for a year
from the MATLAB/SIMULINK was compared with GSA (Global Solar Atlas). The
MATLAB/SIMULINK PV output energy was close to the GSA with no significant difference.
Based on the obtained output energy from MATLAB/SIMULINK, the designed PV system
was able to offset the 2019.61kWh/year of the utility grid. And the annual electricity bill
saving of the residential user with the designed PV system was around £555.3/year, and
the rough cost of the designed PV system was £4330.26. With the designed PV system,
the user could compensate the cost of the system from the saving electricity bill in around
seven years and ten months and nine days.

Abdulfattah, 2023

Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for resident... more Due to the increase in the installation of the PV (Photo-Voltaic) grid-tied systems for
residential use in recent years, a design and sizing of a smart grid-tied PV system for one
of the Aberdeen residential users was carried out. Before was starting the design and sizing
of the PV grid-tied, a brief study was conducted on the PV in general, types of PV systems
which are grid-tied and off-grid, and on the smart grid-tied system regarding its design and
components. After the study was conducted, the smart grid-tied PV system for the
residential user was designed based on the annual estimated bill that the utility company
provided. The system was required eight PV modules with a rated power of 350 watts to
offset the utility grid, which is around 2.8Kw/h. Also, one charge controller was used to
charge the battery bank, one inverter that was used to invert the DC power to Ac power,
four batteries connected in series to provide the electricity to the system during the
overcasting days for four days from 6 am to 6 pm, one smart net meter to measure the
export and import electricity to and from the utility grid, smart battery meter to measure the
battery storage percentage, and communication hub to provide an ability to control and
monitor the system through the Victron Connect app thanks to its added Bluetooth
capability. The designed grid-tied PV system was simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK to
verify the designed system. Hence, the obtained PV output energy per day/month for a year
from the MATLAB/SIMULINK was compared with GSA (Global Solar Atlas). The
MATLAB/SIMULINK PV output energy was close to the GSA with no significant difference.
Based on the obtained output energy from MATLAB/SIMULINK, the designed PV system
was able to offset the 2019.61kWh/year of the utility grid. And the annual electricity bill
saving of the residential user with the designed PV system was around £555.3/year, and
the rough cost of the designed PV system was £4330.26. With the designed PV system,
the user could compensate the cost of the system from the saving electricity bill in around
seven years and ten months and nine days