Adrian Spidle - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Adrian Spidle
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
Nordic Journal of Botany, 1994
SYNOPSIS. North America's Great Lakes have recently been invaded by two genetically and morp... more SYNOPSIS. North America's Great Lakes have recently been invaded by two genetically and morphologically distinct species of Dreissena. The zebra mussel {Dreissena polymorpha) became established in Lake St. Clair of the Laurentian Great Lakes in 1986 and spread throughout eastern North America. The second dreissenid, termed the quagga mussel, has been identified as Dreissena bugensis Andrusov, 1897. The quagga occurs in the Dnieper River drainage of Ukraine and now in the lower Great Lakes of North America. In the Dnieper River, populations of D. poly-morpha have been largely replaced by D. bugensis; anecdotal evidence indicates that similar trends may be occurring in the lower Laurentian Great Lakes. Dreissena bugensis occurs as deep as 130 m in the Great Lakes, but in Ukraine is known from only 0-28 m. Dreissena bugensis is more abundant than D. polymorpha in deeper waters in Dneiper River reservoirs. The conclusion that North American quagga mussels have a lower thermal maxim...
Nordic Journal of Botany, 1994
Phenotypic plasticity in the size of leaf cross sections and in the visibility of trichomes on th... more Phenotypic plasticity in the size of leaf cross sections and in the visibility of trichomes on the leaf abaxial surface for a plant of Festuca hyperborea grown in different microhabitats is illustrated. Isozyme analyses indicate that tetraploid F. hyperborea from the Canadian Arctic is not likely a variant of tetraploid F. baffinensis and probably not a recent ancestor of the hexaploid F. brachyphylia. Although 10 populations were collected in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago as morphologically intermediate between Festuca species, with F. hyperborea considered a possible parent, no isozyme evidence suggested that this species hybridizes with either F. baffinensis or F. brachyphylia. Within plants sampled as F. hyperborea, 12 isozymatically distinct plants and one hybrid plant between this group and F. hyperborea were found.
Can J Fisheries Aquat Sci, 1994
The discovery of a second dreissenid species, the quagga mussel, in the Great Lakes in 1991 promp... more The discovery of a second dreissenid species, the quagga mussel, in the Great Lakes in 1991 prompted a search for its identity. We have identified the North American quagga mussel as Dreissena bugensis Andrusov on the basis of allozyme data and morphological characters. Further, a phenotypically distinct form of the quagga mussel found in Lakes Erie and Ontario also matches the electrophoretic profiles of the typical Lake Ontario quagga and European D. bugensis. We confirm that the white "profunda" mussel found in the deep waters of Lake Erie is a phenotype of the quagga mussel, and we conclude that the quagga mussel is D. bugensis which has been introduced from the Black Sea drainage of Ukraine.
ABSTRACT The Stillaguamish River Chinook salmon in Washington State, USA are listed for protectio... more ABSTRACT The Stillaguamish River Chinook salmon in Washington State, USA are listed for protection under the US Endangered Species Act and are a stock of concern under the Pacific Salmon Treaty due to declines from historic levels, current low abundance and limitations this imposes on fisheries management. Using visual surveys (redd counts) to estimate spawner abundance is difficult due to limited visibility and access because of freshets during the spawning period. We used a genetic application of traditional mark recapture (Genetic Mark-Recapture, GMR) to estimate spawner abundance for five brood years. The first sampling event (marks) included carcasses collected in the fall, and the second sampling event (captures) included juveniles collected in the spring from a juvenile outmigrant trap. Recaptures were parental genotypes recaptured in juveniles assigning back to carcasses. We compared GMR estimates from the Lincoln-Peterson model to redd-based estimates. In all years, precision of the GMR estimate was high (CV ≤ 15%) and GMR estimate was higher than redd-based estimates. The GMR is a useful tool for fisheries management where environmental conditions prevent accurate counts and when it is important to assess the uncertainty in spawner abundance estimates.
The delineation of conservation units (CUs) is a challenging issue that has profound implications... more The delineation of conservation units (CUs) is a challenging issue that has profound implications for minimizing the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services. CU delineation typically seeks to prioritize evolutionary significance and genetic methods play a pivotal role in the delineation process by quantifying overall differentiation between populations. While CUs that primarily reflect overall genetic differentiation do protect adaptive differences between distant populations, they do not necessarily protect adaptive variation within highly connected populations. Advances in genomic methodology facilitate the characterization of adaptive genetic variation, but the potential utility of this information for CU delineation is unclear. Here we use genomic methods to investigate the evolutionary basis of premature migration in Pacific salmon, a complex behavioral and physiological adaptation that exists within highly-connected populations and has experienced severe declines. Striking...
Journal of Fish Biology, Aug 31, 2000
The displacement loop and NADH-1 dehydrogenase regions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were amplifie... more The displacement loop and NADH-1 dehydrogenase regions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction in 954 Atlantic salmon and digested with 40 restriction endonucleases. Variation was detected with 10 enzymes, resulting in 21 composite haplotypes which were strongly patterned geographically with a major discontinuity observed between most North American (NA) and European salmon. Significant heterogeneity of haplotype frequencies was found within and among all classification levels (continent, country, and river). Haplotype frequencies were significantly different across continents, within European samples, within NA samples, within Canadian samples, within wild Maine samples, within captive Maine strains, and between captive and wild Maine strains. Nine haplotypes occurred only in NA, seven in Maine, three only in Maine, and 11 occurred only in Europe. Some Maine rivers had only a single haplotype, suggesting that effective population sizes may be low. The second most frequent European haplotype occurred in tributaries to one Newfoundland river. Gene trees based on parsimony and genetic distance suggest that the haplotypes are monophyletic within each continent, and that the haplotype found on both continents is intermediate between those of Europe and NA, suggesting common ancestry of all haplotypes.
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1993
. Colonization, ecology, and population structure of the "quagga" mussel (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae)... more . Colonization, ecology, and population structure of the "quagga" mussel (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae) in the lower Great Lakes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:2305-2314. An invasive dreissenid mussel given the working name of "quagga" has a present (spring 1993) distribution in the Laurentian Great Lakes from the western basin of Lake Erie to Quebec City, in Lake Erie, quaggas were ColIected as early as 1989 and now are most common in the eastern basin, in Lakes Erie and Ontario, proportions of quaggas increased with depth and decreasing water temperature. In the eastern basin or Lake Erie, quaggas outnumbered zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) by 14 to 1 in deeper waters (> 20 m). In Lake Ontario, quaggas were observed at depths as great as 130 m, and both quagga and zebra mussel were found to survive at depths (> 50 m) where temperatures rarely exceed 5°C. Quaggas were sparse or absent along inland waterways and lakes of New York State. Mean shell size of quagga mussel was larger than that of zebra mussel at sites in the Niagara River, Lake Ontario, and the St. Lawrence River. The largest quaggas (38 mm) were observed in the St. Lawrence River at Cape Vincent.
Conserv Genet, 2001
Page 1. Conservation Genetics 2: 1124, 2001. © 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the N... more Page 1. Conservation Genetics 2: 1124, 2001. © 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. 11 Fine-scale population structure in Atlantic salmon from Maine's Penobscot River drainage Adrian P. Spidle1 ...
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1577 M07 035 1, Jan 9, 2011
We identified extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (erk2) from green mud crab, Scylla paramamo... more We identified extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (erk2) from green mud crab, Scylla paramamosain, in this article. It was originally identified from an expressed sequence tag fragment from a normalized gonadal cDNA library. 5¢ Rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE) technique was used to obtain the 5¢ untranslated region (UTR). The full-length cDNA of Sp-erk2 is 1516 bp, including a 5¢-terminal UTR of 19 bp, an open-reading frame of 1098 bp, and a 3¢-terminal UTR of 399 bp. The translated protein is 365 amino acids in length with a predicted molecular weight of 42 kDa, which is the same as other species. It is the first time that the expression of Sp-erk2 in different stages of ovary development of crustacean was analyzed, and the result showed that the expression of Sp-erk2 increased gradually with ovarian development, with a peak in the mature phase. In situ hybridization histochemistry was used to clarify the detail of expression. Positive signals illustrated that Sp-erk2 mRNA is present in follicular cells when the ovary is in early stages, and in both follicular cells and oocytes when it is in mature phases. All above suggest that Sp-erk2 is important for ovarian development.
Genetic analysis of steelhead, coho, and Chinook from the Hoh River and surrounding basins on the... more Genetic analysis of steelhead, coho, and Chinook from the Hoh River and surrounding basins on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington was conducted to determine the population structure and origin of unclipped and clipped populations. Samples of unclipped and clipped adult winter steelhead were analyzed from seven coastal rivers and five hatcheries, respectively. We also determined population-of-origin for clipped and unclipped steelhead that were captured in Hoh tribal and sport fisheries. Levels of genetic variability within and among collections were evaluated at 15 microsatellite loci. The collections of clipped steelhead had lower measures of genetic diversity (heterozygosity and allelic richness) than the unclipped (natural-origin) collections. Assessment of the within population diversity (FIS) revealed that all the collections were not comprised of a small number of family groups that would have limited genetic diversity. Collections of clipped steelhead were differentiated from o...
Conservation Genetics, 2002
Aquaculture, 2004
Anadromous Atlantic salmon returning to the Connecticut River (CR) from 1996 to 1999 were assayed... more Anadromous Atlantic salmon returning to the Connecticut River (CR) from 1996 to 1999 were assayed for variability at nine microsatellite DNA loci. Heterozygosity and allele frequencies were compared to the anadromous Atlantic salmon returning to Maine's Penobscot River from 1998 to 2000. The Penobscot River was the primary source of the salmon used to found the previously extirpated population in
Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 2003
... Journal of Fish Biology , 52: 665–676. ... Conservation Genetics , 2: 11–24. ... Fin or scale... more ... Journal of Fish Biology , 52: 665–676. ... Conservation Genetics , 2: 11–24. ... Fin or scale tissue samples were taken from parr, smolts, grilse, or adults from 23 anadromous populations and 2 nonanadromous strains of Atlantic salmon from Maine and Atlantic Canada. ...
Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 2005
Page 1. 441 Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 134:441465, 2005 [Article] Copyright ... more Page 1. 441 Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 134:441465, 2005 [Article] Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2005 DOI: 10.1577/T04-023.1 Regional Differentiation and Sex-Biased Dispersal among ...
North American Journal of Fisheries Management, 2008
We identified extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (erk2) from green mud crab, Scylla paramamo... more We identified extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (erk2) from green mud crab, Scylla paramamosain, in this article. It was originally identified from an expressed sequence tag fragment from a normalized gonadal cDNA library. 5¢ Rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE) technique was used to obtain the 5¢ untranslated region (UTR). The full-length cDNA of Sp-erk2 is 1516 bp, including a 5¢-terminal UTR of 19 bp, an open-reading frame of 1098 bp, and a 3¢-terminal UTR of 399 bp. The translated protein is 365 amino acids in length with a predicted molecular weight of 42 kDa, which is the same as other species. It is the first time that the expression of Sp-erk2 in different stages of ovary development of crustacean was analyzed, and the result showed that the expression of Sp-erk2 increased gradually with ovarian development, with a peak in the mature phase. In situ hybridization histochemistry was used to clarify the detail of expression. Positive signals illustrated that Sp-erk2 mRNA is present in follicular cells when the ovary is in early stages, and in both follicular cells and oocytes when it is in mature phases. All above suggest that Sp-erk2 is important for ovarian development.
Molecular Ecology, 2001
Atlantic salmon (n = 1682) from 27 anadromous river populations and two nonanadromous strains ran... more Atlantic salmon (n = 1682) from 27 anadromous river populations and two nonanadromous strains ranging from south-central Maine, USA to northern Spain were genotyped at 12 microsatellite DNA loci. This suite of moderate to highly polymorphic loci revealed 266 alleles (5 -37/locus) range-wide. Statistically significant allelic and genotypic heterogeneity was observed across loci between all but one pairwise comparison. Significant isolation by distance was found within and between North American and European populations, indicating reduced gene flow at all geographical scales examined. North American Atlantic salmon populations had fewer alleles, fewer unique alleles (though at a higher frequency) and a shallower phylogenetic structure than European Atlantic salmon populations. We believe these characteristics result from the differing glacial histories of the two continents, as the North American range of Atlantic salmon was glaciated more recently and more uniformly than the European range. Genotypic assignment tests based on maximum-likelihood provided 100% correct classification to continent of origin and averaged nearly 83% correct classification to province of origin across continents. This multilocus method, which may be enhanced with additional polymorphic loci, provides fishery managers the highest degree of correct assignment to management unit of any technique currently available.
Journal of Fish Biology, 2000
The displacement loop and NADH-1 dehydrogenase regions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were amplifie... more The displacement loop and NADH-1 dehydrogenase regions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction in 954 Atlantic salmon and digested with 40 restriction endonucleases. Variation was detected with 10 enzymes, resulting in 21 composite haplotypes which were strongly patterned geographically with a major discontinuity observed between most North American (NA) and European salmon. Significant heterogeneity of haplotype frequencies was found within and among all classification levels (continent, country, and river). Haplotype frequencies were significantly different across continents, within European samples, within NA samples, within Canadian samples, within wild Maine samples, within captive Maine strains, and between captive and wild Maine strains. Nine haplotypes occurred only in NA, seven in Maine, three only in Maine, and 11 occurred only in Europe. Some Maine rivers had only a single haplotype, suggesting that effective population sizes may be low. The second most frequent European haplotype occurred in tributaries to one Newfoundland river. Gene trees based on parsimony and genetic distance suggest that the haplotypes are monophyletic within each continent, and that the haplotype found on both continents is intermediate between those of Europe and NA, suggesting common ancestry of all haplotypes.
ICES Journal of Marine Science, 2010
Skip Navigation. ...
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
Nordic Journal of Botany, 1994
SYNOPSIS. North America's Great Lakes have recently been invaded by two genetically and morp... more SYNOPSIS. North America's Great Lakes have recently been invaded by two genetically and morphologically distinct species of Dreissena. The zebra mussel {Dreissena polymorpha) became established in Lake St. Clair of the Laurentian Great Lakes in 1986 and spread throughout eastern North America. The second dreissenid, termed the quagga mussel, has been identified as Dreissena bugensis Andrusov, 1897. The quagga occurs in the Dnieper River drainage of Ukraine and now in the lower Great Lakes of North America. In the Dnieper River, populations of D. poly-morpha have been largely replaced by D. bugensis; anecdotal evidence indicates that similar trends may be occurring in the lower Laurentian Great Lakes. Dreissena bugensis occurs as deep as 130 m in the Great Lakes, but in Ukraine is known from only 0-28 m. Dreissena bugensis is more abundant than D. polymorpha in deeper waters in Dneiper River reservoirs. The conclusion that North American quagga mussels have a lower thermal maxim...
Nordic Journal of Botany, 1994
Phenotypic plasticity in the size of leaf cross sections and in the visibility of trichomes on th... more Phenotypic plasticity in the size of leaf cross sections and in the visibility of trichomes on the leaf abaxial surface for a plant of Festuca hyperborea grown in different microhabitats is illustrated. Isozyme analyses indicate that tetraploid F. hyperborea from the Canadian Arctic is not likely a variant of tetraploid F. baffinensis and probably not a recent ancestor of the hexaploid F. brachyphylia. Although 10 populations were collected in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago as morphologically intermediate between Festuca species, with F. hyperborea considered a possible parent, no isozyme evidence suggested that this species hybridizes with either F. baffinensis or F. brachyphylia. Within plants sampled as F. hyperborea, 12 isozymatically distinct plants and one hybrid plant between this group and F. hyperborea were found.
Can J Fisheries Aquat Sci, 1994
The discovery of a second dreissenid species, the quagga mussel, in the Great Lakes in 1991 promp... more The discovery of a second dreissenid species, the quagga mussel, in the Great Lakes in 1991 prompted a search for its identity. We have identified the North American quagga mussel as Dreissena bugensis Andrusov on the basis of allozyme data and morphological characters. Further, a phenotypically distinct form of the quagga mussel found in Lakes Erie and Ontario also matches the electrophoretic profiles of the typical Lake Ontario quagga and European D. bugensis. We confirm that the white "profunda" mussel found in the deep waters of Lake Erie is a phenotype of the quagga mussel, and we conclude that the quagga mussel is D. bugensis which has been introduced from the Black Sea drainage of Ukraine.
ABSTRACT The Stillaguamish River Chinook salmon in Washington State, USA are listed for protectio... more ABSTRACT The Stillaguamish River Chinook salmon in Washington State, USA are listed for protection under the US Endangered Species Act and are a stock of concern under the Pacific Salmon Treaty due to declines from historic levels, current low abundance and limitations this imposes on fisheries management. Using visual surveys (redd counts) to estimate spawner abundance is difficult due to limited visibility and access because of freshets during the spawning period. We used a genetic application of traditional mark recapture (Genetic Mark-Recapture, GMR) to estimate spawner abundance for five brood years. The first sampling event (marks) included carcasses collected in the fall, and the second sampling event (captures) included juveniles collected in the spring from a juvenile outmigrant trap. Recaptures were parental genotypes recaptured in juveniles assigning back to carcasses. We compared GMR estimates from the Lincoln-Peterson model to redd-based estimates. In all years, precision of the GMR estimate was high (CV ≤ 15%) and GMR estimate was higher than redd-based estimates. The GMR is a useful tool for fisheries management where environmental conditions prevent accurate counts and when it is important to assess the uncertainty in spawner abundance estimates.
The delineation of conservation units (CUs) is a challenging issue that has profound implications... more The delineation of conservation units (CUs) is a challenging issue that has profound implications for minimizing the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services. CU delineation typically seeks to prioritize evolutionary significance and genetic methods play a pivotal role in the delineation process by quantifying overall differentiation between populations. While CUs that primarily reflect overall genetic differentiation do protect adaptive differences between distant populations, they do not necessarily protect adaptive variation within highly connected populations. Advances in genomic methodology facilitate the characterization of adaptive genetic variation, but the potential utility of this information for CU delineation is unclear. Here we use genomic methods to investigate the evolutionary basis of premature migration in Pacific salmon, a complex behavioral and physiological adaptation that exists within highly-connected populations and has experienced severe declines. Striking...
Journal of Fish Biology, Aug 31, 2000
The displacement loop and NADH-1 dehydrogenase regions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were amplifie... more The displacement loop and NADH-1 dehydrogenase regions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction in 954 Atlantic salmon and digested with 40 restriction endonucleases. Variation was detected with 10 enzymes, resulting in 21 composite haplotypes which were strongly patterned geographically with a major discontinuity observed between most North American (NA) and European salmon. Significant heterogeneity of haplotype frequencies was found within and among all classification levels (continent, country, and river). Haplotype frequencies were significantly different across continents, within European samples, within NA samples, within Canadian samples, within wild Maine samples, within captive Maine strains, and between captive and wild Maine strains. Nine haplotypes occurred only in NA, seven in Maine, three only in Maine, and 11 occurred only in Europe. Some Maine rivers had only a single haplotype, suggesting that effective population sizes may be low. The second most frequent European haplotype occurred in tributaries to one Newfoundland river. Gene trees based on parsimony and genetic distance suggest that the haplotypes are monophyletic within each continent, and that the haplotype found on both continents is intermediate between those of Europe and NA, suggesting common ancestry of all haplotypes.
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1993
. Colonization, ecology, and population structure of the "quagga" mussel (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae)... more . Colonization, ecology, and population structure of the "quagga" mussel (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae) in the lower Great Lakes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:2305-2314. An invasive dreissenid mussel given the working name of "quagga" has a present (spring 1993) distribution in the Laurentian Great Lakes from the western basin of Lake Erie to Quebec City, in Lake Erie, quaggas were ColIected as early as 1989 and now are most common in the eastern basin, in Lakes Erie and Ontario, proportions of quaggas increased with depth and decreasing water temperature. In the eastern basin or Lake Erie, quaggas outnumbered zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) by 14 to 1 in deeper waters (> 20 m). In Lake Ontario, quaggas were observed at depths as great as 130 m, and both quagga and zebra mussel were found to survive at depths (> 50 m) where temperatures rarely exceed 5°C. Quaggas were sparse or absent along inland waterways and lakes of New York State. Mean shell size of quagga mussel was larger than that of zebra mussel at sites in the Niagara River, Lake Ontario, and the St. Lawrence River. The largest quaggas (38 mm) were observed in the St. Lawrence River at Cape Vincent.
Conserv Genet, 2001
Page 1. Conservation Genetics 2: 1124, 2001. © 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the N... more Page 1. Conservation Genetics 2: 1124, 2001. © 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. 11 Fine-scale population structure in Atlantic salmon from Maine's Penobscot River drainage Adrian P. Spidle1 ...
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1577 M07 035 1, Jan 9, 2011
We identified extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (erk2) from green mud crab, Scylla paramamo... more We identified extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (erk2) from green mud crab, Scylla paramamosain, in this article. It was originally identified from an expressed sequence tag fragment from a normalized gonadal cDNA library. 5¢ Rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE) technique was used to obtain the 5¢ untranslated region (UTR). The full-length cDNA of Sp-erk2 is 1516 bp, including a 5¢-terminal UTR of 19 bp, an open-reading frame of 1098 bp, and a 3¢-terminal UTR of 399 bp. The translated protein is 365 amino acids in length with a predicted molecular weight of 42 kDa, which is the same as other species. It is the first time that the expression of Sp-erk2 in different stages of ovary development of crustacean was analyzed, and the result showed that the expression of Sp-erk2 increased gradually with ovarian development, with a peak in the mature phase. In situ hybridization histochemistry was used to clarify the detail of expression. Positive signals illustrated that Sp-erk2 mRNA is present in follicular cells when the ovary is in early stages, and in both follicular cells and oocytes when it is in mature phases. All above suggest that Sp-erk2 is important for ovarian development.
Genetic analysis of steelhead, coho, and Chinook from the Hoh River and surrounding basins on the... more Genetic analysis of steelhead, coho, and Chinook from the Hoh River and surrounding basins on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington was conducted to determine the population structure and origin of unclipped and clipped populations. Samples of unclipped and clipped adult winter steelhead were analyzed from seven coastal rivers and five hatcheries, respectively. We also determined population-of-origin for clipped and unclipped steelhead that were captured in Hoh tribal and sport fisheries. Levels of genetic variability within and among collections were evaluated at 15 microsatellite loci. The collections of clipped steelhead had lower measures of genetic diversity (heterozygosity and allelic richness) than the unclipped (natural-origin) collections. Assessment of the within population diversity (FIS) revealed that all the collections were not comprised of a small number of family groups that would have limited genetic diversity. Collections of clipped steelhead were differentiated from o...
Conservation Genetics, 2002
Aquaculture, 2004
Anadromous Atlantic salmon returning to the Connecticut River (CR) from 1996 to 1999 were assayed... more Anadromous Atlantic salmon returning to the Connecticut River (CR) from 1996 to 1999 were assayed for variability at nine microsatellite DNA loci. Heterozygosity and allele frequencies were compared to the anadromous Atlantic salmon returning to Maine's Penobscot River from 1998 to 2000. The Penobscot River was the primary source of the salmon used to found the previously extirpated population in
Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 2003
... Journal of Fish Biology , 52: 665–676. ... Conservation Genetics , 2: 11–24. ... Fin or scale... more ... Journal of Fish Biology , 52: 665–676. ... Conservation Genetics , 2: 11–24. ... Fin or scale tissue samples were taken from parr, smolts, grilse, or adults from 23 anadromous populations and 2 nonanadromous strains of Atlantic salmon from Maine and Atlantic Canada. ...
Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 2005
Page 1. 441 Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 134:441465, 2005 [Article] Copyright ... more Page 1. 441 Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 134:441465, 2005 [Article] Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2005 DOI: 10.1577/T04-023.1 Regional Differentiation and Sex-Biased Dispersal among ...
North American Journal of Fisheries Management, 2008
We identified extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (erk2) from green mud crab, Scylla paramamo... more We identified extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (erk2) from green mud crab, Scylla paramamosain, in this article. It was originally identified from an expressed sequence tag fragment from a normalized gonadal cDNA library. 5¢ Rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE) technique was used to obtain the 5¢ untranslated region (UTR). The full-length cDNA of Sp-erk2 is 1516 bp, including a 5¢-terminal UTR of 19 bp, an open-reading frame of 1098 bp, and a 3¢-terminal UTR of 399 bp. The translated protein is 365 amino acids in length with a predicted molecular weight of 42 kDa, which is the same as other species. It is the first time that the expression of Sp-erk2 in different stages of ovary development of crustacean was analyzed, and the result showed that the expression of Sp-erk2 increased gradually with ovarian development, with a peak in the mature phase. In situ hybridization histochemistry was used to clarify the detail of expression. Positive signals illustrated that Sp-erk2 mRNA is present in follicular cells when the ovary is in early stages, and in both follicular cells and oocytes when it is in mature phases. All above suggest that Sp-erk2 is important for ovarian development.
Molecular Ecology, 2001
Atlantic salmon (n = 1682) from 27 anadromous river populations and two nonanadromous strains ran... more Atlantic salmon (n = 1682) from 27 anadromous river populations and two nonanadromous strains ranging from south-central Maine, USA to northern Spain were genotyped at 12 microsatellite DNA loci. This suite of moderate to highly polymorphic loci revealed 266 alleles (5 -37/locus) range-wide. Statistically significant allelic and genotypic heterogeneity was observed across loci between all but one pairwise comparison. Significant isolation by distance was found within and between North American and European populations, indicating reduced gene flow at all geographical scales examined. North American Atlantic salmon populations had fewer alleles, fewer unique alleles (though at a higher frequency) and a shallower phylogenetic structure than European Atlantic salmon populations. We believe these characteristics result from the differing glacial histories of the two continents, as the North American range of Atlantic salmon was glaciated more recently and more uniformly than the European range. Genotypic assignment tests based on maximum-likelihood provided 100% correct classification to continent of origin and averaged nearly 83% correct classification to province of origin across continents. This multilocus method, which may be enhanced with additional polymorphic loci, provides fishery managers the highest degree of correct assignment to management unit of any technique currently available.
Journal of Fish Biology, 2000
The displacement loop and NADH-1 dehydrogenase regions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were amplifie... more The displacement loop and NADH-1 dehydrogenase regions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction in 954 Atlantic salmon and digested with 40 restriction endonucleases. Variation was detected with 10 enzymes, resulting in 21 composite haplotypes which were strongly patterned geographically with a major discontinuity observed between most North American (NA) and European salmon. Significant heterogeneity of haplotype frequencies was found within and among all classification levels (continent, country, and river). Haplotype frequencies were significantly different across continents, within European samples, within NA samples, within Canadian samples, within wild Maine samples, within captive Maine strains, and between captive and wild Maine strains. Nine haplotypes occurred only in NA, seven in Maine, three only in Maine, and 11 occurred only in Europe. Some Maine rivers had only a single haplotype, suggesting that effective population sizes may be low. The second most frequent European haplotype occurred in tributaries to one Newfoundland river. Gene trees based on parsimony and genetic distance suggest that the haplotypes are monophyletic within each continent, and that the haplotype found on both continents is intermediate between those of Europe and NA, suggesting common ancestry of all haplotypes.
ICES Journal of Marine Science, 2010
Skip Navigation. ...