Adriana Sampaio - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Adriana Sampaio

Research paper thumbnail of Mother-child interaction and attachment in Williams Syndrome

Research paper thumbnail of Neural Correlates of Face Familiarity in Institutionally Reared Children With Distinctive, Atypical Social Behavior

Child development, Jan 20, 2015

Although the impact of early adverse experience on neural processing of face familiarity has been... more Although the impact of early adverse experience on neural processing of face familiarity has been studied, research has not taken into account disordered child behavior. This work compared the neural processing of familiar versus strangers' faces in 47 institutionalized children with a mean age of 54 months to determine the effects of (a) the presence versus absence of atypical social behavior and (b) inhibited versus indiscriminant atypical behavior. Results revealed a pattern of cortical hypoactivation in institutionalized children manifesting atypical social behavior and that inhibited children displayed larger neural response to a caregiver's face than to the stranger's, while indiscriminant children did not discriminate between stimuli. These findings suggest that neural correlates of face familiarity are associated with social functioning in institutionalized children.

Research paper thumbnail of Producing and Understanding Oral and Graphic Humour by Williams Syndrome People

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Attachment disordered behaviors and behavioral problems in institutional-reared children: Exploring similarities and differences with children with Williams Syndrome

Children with Williams Syndrome (WS) appear phenotypically similar to some institutionally reared... more Children with Williams Syndrome (WS) appear phenotypically similar to some institutionally reared children, namely those with socially disinhibited or indiscriminate behavior. Both tend to display a strong desire to make social contacts, coupled with social fearlessness, even in situations typically eliciting social inhibition from most others. Additionally, increased behavioral and emotional problems have been reported in both WS and institutionalized children. Nonetheless, while a social phenotype resemblance might exist, which is characterized by a high sociability coexisting with problems in establishing sustained affective relationships, the nature of this behavior is distinct across children with WS and institutional-reared children, and so its implications for their development might also diverge. The present report presents preliminary data from an on-going project and aims to analyze attachment disorders in 30 institutionalized preschool children (IG) and 15 children with W...

Research paper thumbnail of IMHJ Suppl to Vol 33, Issue 3 Program Abstracts WAIMH 13th World Congress copy-1

Research paper thumbnail of EPA-0263 – Default mode network activation in depressive and anxiety symptoms

European Psychiatry, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Neuroplasticity in Williams Syndrome – Intervention on Attention Problems

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of When Perceiving the Melody of Speech is Abnormal: Erp Insights Into Emotional Prosody Processing in Williams Syndrome

Research paper thumbnail of Síndrome de Williams

Research paper thumbnail of Neurosciences of infant mental health development: Recent findings and implications for counseling psychology

Journal of Counseling Psychology, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Are cognitive interventions for multiple sclerosis effective and feasible?

Restorative neurology and neuroscience, 2014

Fifty percent of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are estimated to have cognitive impairment... more Fifty percent of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are estimated to have cognitive impairments leading to considerable decline in productivity and quality of life. Cognitive intervention has been considered to complement pharmacological treatments. However, a lack of agreement concerning the efficacy of cognitive interventions in MS still exists. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of cognitive interventions in MS. To overcome limitations of previous meta-analyses, several databases were searched only for Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) with low risk of bias. Five studies (total of 139 participants) met our eligibility criteria. Although good completion and adherence rates were evident, we found no evidence of intervention effects on cognition or mood in post-intervention or follow-up assessments. This is the first meta-analysis assessing the effects of cognitive intervention in MS including only RCTs with comparable conditions. Research r...

Research paper thumbnail of EPA-0262 – Volumetric alterations in the accumbens and caudate nucleus in bulimic patients

European Psychiatry, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Concrete and relational vocabulary: Comparison between Williams and Smith–Magenis syndromes

Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2014

We compared the performance of two clinical groups, Williams syndrome (WS) and Smith-Magenis synd... more We compared the performance of two clinical groups, Williams syndrome (WS) and Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS), in terms of concrete and relational vocabulary. We analyzed (a) whether the WS group had an advantage in concrete vocabulary when compared to the SMS group, as good concrete vocabulary knowledge is considered a hallmark of WS; (b) if spatial processing difficulties in WS would be reflected specifically in their knowledge of relational spatial vocabulary; (c) if a specific vocabulary profile could be outlined for SMS. Our results show similar performances on receptive concrete and relational vocabulary in both groups. However, and as anticipated, performance on relational space concepts was significantly lower in the WS group.

Research paper thumbnail of A VEP study in sleeping and awake one-month-old infants and its relation with social behavior

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 2015

With the present study we aimed to analyze the relationship between infants' behavior and their v... more With the present study we aimed to analyze the relationship between infants' behavior and their visual evoked-potential (VEPs) response. Specifically, we want to verify differences regarding the VEP response in sleeping and awake infants and if an association between VEP components, in both groups, with neurobehavioral outcome could be identified. To do so, thirty-two full-term and healthy infants, approximately 1-month of age, were assessed through a VEP unpatterned flashlight stimuli paradigm, offered in two different intensities, and were assessed using a neurobehavioral scale. However, only 18 infants have both assessments, and therefore, these is the total included in both analysis. Infants displayed a mature neurobehavioral outcome, expected for their age. We observed that P2 and N3 components were present in both sleeping and awake infants. Differences between intensities were found regarding the P2 amplitude, but only in awake infants. Regression analysis showed that N3 amplitude predicted an adequate social interactive and internal regulatory behavior in infants who were awake during the stimuli presentation. Taking into account that social orientation and regulatory behaviors are fundamental keys for social-like behavior in 1-month-old infants, this study provides an important approach for assessing physiological biomarkers (VEPs) and its relation with social behavior, very early in postnatal development. Moreover, we evidence the importance of the infant's state when studying differences regarding visual threshold processing and its association with behavioral outcome.

Research paper thumbnail of Non-pharmacological cognitive intervention for aging and dementia: Current perspectives

Research paper thumbnail of Cognitive Rehabilitation in a Visual Variant of Alzheimer's Disease

Applied Neuropsychology: Adult, 2013

Alzheimer&amp... more Alzheimer's disease (AD) is commonly associated with marked memory deficits; however, nonamnestic variants have been consistently described as well. Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is a progressive degenerative condition in which posterior regions of the brain are predominantly affected, therefore resulting in a pattern of distinctive and marked visuospatial symptoms, such as apraxia, alexia, and spatial neglect. Despite the growing number of studies on cognitive and neural bases of the visual variant of AD, intervention studies remain relatively sparse. Current pharmacological treatments offer modest efficacy. Also, there is a scarcity of complementary nonpharmacological interventions with only two previous studies of PCA. Here we describe a highly educated 57-year-old patient diagnosed with a visual variant of AD who participated in a cognitive intervention program (comprising reality orientation, cognitive stimulation, and cognitive training exercises). Neuropsychological assessment was performed across moments (baseline, postintervention, follow-up) and consisted mainly of verbal and visual memory. Baseline neuropsychological assessment showed deficits in perceptive and visual-constructive abilities, learning and memory, and temporal orientation. After neuropsychological rehabilitation, we observed small improvements in the patient's cognitive functioning, namely in verbal memory, attention, and psychomotor abilities. This study shows evidence of small beneficial effects of cognitive intervention in PCA and is the first report of this approach with a highly educated patient in a moderate stage of the disease. Controlled studies are needed to assess the potential efficacy of cognition-focused approaches in these patients, and, if relevant, to grant their availability as a complementary therapy to pharmacological treatment and visual aids.

Research paper thumbnail of Differential activation of the default mode network in jet lagged individuals

Chronobiology International, 2015

Long-term exposure to transmeridian flights has been shown to impact cognitive functioning. Never... more Long-term exposure to transmeridian flights has been shown to impact cognitive functioning. Nevertheless, the immediate effects of jet lag in the activation of specific brain networks have not been investigated. We analyzed the impact of short-term jet lag on the activation of the default mode network (DMN). A group of individuals who were on a transmeridian flight and a control group went through a functional magnetic resonance imaging acquisition. Statistical analysis was performed to test for differences in the DMN activation between groups. Participants from the jet lag group presented decreased activation in the anterior nodes of the DMN, specifically in bilateral medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex. No areas of increased activation were observed for the jet lag group. These results may be suggestive of a negative impact of jet lag on important cognitive functions such as introspection, emotional regulation and decision making in a few days after individuals arrive at their destination.

Research paper thumbnail of Stress Impact on Resting State Brain Networks

PLoS ONE, 2013

Resting state brain networks (RSNs) are spatially distributed large-scale networks, evidenced by ... more Resting state brain networks (RSNs) are spatially distributed large-scale networks, evidenced by resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. Importantly, RSNs are implicated in several relevant brain functions and present abnormal functional patterns in many neuropsychiatric disorders, for which stress exposure is an established risk factor. Yet, so far, little is known about the effect of stress in the architecture of RSNs, both in resting state conditions or during shift to task performance. Herein we assessed the architecture of the RSNs using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a cohort of participants exposed to prolonged stress (participants that had just finished their long period of preparation for the medical residence selection exam), and respective gender-and age-matched controls (medical students under normal academic activities). Analysis focused on the pattern of activity in resting state conditions and after deactivation. A volumetric estimation of the RSNs was also performed. Data shows that stressed participants displayed greater activation of the default mode (DMN), dorsal attention (DAN), ventral attention (VAN), sensorimotor (SMN), and primary visual (VN) networks than controls. Importantly, stressed participants also evidenced impairments in the deactivation of resting statenetworks when compared to controls. These functional changes are paralleled by a constriction of the DMN that is in line with the pattern of brain atrophy observed after stress exposure. These results reveal that stress impacts on activationdeactivation pattern of RSNs, a finding that may underlie stress-induced changes in several dimensions of brain activity.

Research paper thumbnail of Electrophysiological correlates of semantic processing during encoding of neutral and emotional pictures in patients with ADHD

Neuropsychologia, 2009

The current study investigated the relevance of semantic processing and stimulus salience for mem... more The current study investigated the relevance of semantic processing and stimulus salience for memory performance in young ADHD patients and healthy control participants. 18 male ADHD patients and 15 healthy control children and adolescents participated in an ERP study during a visual memory paradigm with two different encoding tasks requiring either perceptual or semantic processing of neutral and emotional pictures. ADHD patients and healthy controls both showed a more negative slow-wave in response to task cues signalling semantic as compared to perceptual stimulus processing. In contrast to ADHD patients, healthy control children showed a larger increase in memory performance for deeply processed neutral pictures which was accompanied by a more positive mid-latency ERP component (so-called P300) after stimulus onset. Our results demonstrate that ADHD patients succeeded in allocating neural resources in preparation of different task demands. However, this increase in preparatory activation to the semantic task cue did not suffice to support successful processing and encoding of neutral stimuli to the same extent as in healthy controls. These findings provide evidence that ADHD patients show deficits in translating pre-stimulus mobilization of neural resources to successful memory formation in the absence of salient stimulus material.

Research paper thumbnail of The Big Five default brain: functional evidence

Brain Structure and Function, 2013

Recent neuroimaging studies have provided evidence that different dimensions of human personality... more Recent neuroimaging studies have provided evidence that different dimensions of human personality may be associated with specific structural neuroanatomic correlates. Identifying brain correlates of a situation-independent personality structure would require evidence of a stable default mode of brain functioning. In this study, we investigated the correlates of the Big Five personality dimensions (Extraversion, Neuroticism, Openness/Intellect, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness) and the default mode network (DMN). Forty-nine healthy adults completed the NEO-Five Factor. The results showed that the Extraversion (E) and Agreeableness (A) were positively correlated with activity in the midline core of the DMN, whereas Neuroticism (N), Openness (O), and Conscientiousness (C) were correlated with the parietal cortex system. Activity of the anterior cingulate cortex was positively associated with A and negatively with C. Regions of the parietal lobe were differentially associated with each personality dimension. The present study not only confirms previous functional correlates regarding the Big Five personality dimensions, but it also expands our knowledge showing the association between different personality dimensions and specific patterns of brain activation at rest.

Research paper thumbnail of Mother-child interaction and attachment in Williams Syndrome

Research paper thumbnail of Neural Correlates of Face Familiarity in Institutionally Reared Children With Distinctive, Atypical Social Behavior

Child development, Jan 20, 2015

Although the impact of early adverse experience on neural processing of face familiarity has been... more Although the impact of early adverse experience on neural processing of face familiarity has been studied, research has not taken into account disordered child behavior. This work compared the neural processing of familiar versus strangers' faces in 47 institutionalized children with a mean age of 54 months to determine the effects of (a) the presence versus absence of atypical social behavior and (b) inhibited versus indiscriminant atypical behavior. Results revealed a pattern of cortical hypoactivation in institutionalized children manifesting atypical social behavior and that inhibited children displayed larger neural response to a caregiver's face than to the stranger's, while indiscriminant children did not discriminate between stimuli. These findings suggest that neural correlates of face familiarity are associated with social functioning in institutionalized children.

Research paper thumbnail of Producing and Understanding Oral and Graphic Humour by Williams Syndrome People

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Attachment disordered behaviors and behavioral problems in institutional-reared children: Exploring similarities and differences with children with Williams Syndrome

Children with Williams Syndrome (WS) appear phenotypically similar to some institutionally reared... more Children with Williams Syndrome (WS) appear phenotypically similar to some institutionally reared children, namely those with socially disinhibited or indiscriminate behavior. Both tend to display a strong desire to make social contacts, coupled with social fearlessness, even in situations typically eliciting social inhibition from most others. Additionally, increased behavioral and emotional problems have been reported in both WS and institutionalized children. Nonetheless, while a social phenotype resemblance might exist, which is characterized by a high sociability coexisting with problems in establishing sustained affective relationships, the nature of this behavior is distinct across children with WS and institutional-reared children, and so its implications for their development might also diverge. The present report presents preliminary data from an on-going project and aims to analyze attachment disorders in 30 institutionalized preschool children (IG) and 15 children with W...

Research paper thumbnail of IMHJ Suppl to Vol 33, Issue 3 Program Abstracts WAIMH 13th World Congress copy-1

Research paper thumbnail of EPA-0263 – Default mode network activation in depressive and anxiety symptoms

European Psychiatry, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Neuroplasticity in Williams Syndrome – Intervention on Attention Problems

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of When Perceiving the Melody of Speech is Abnormal: Erp Insights Into Emotional Prosody Processing in Williams Syndrome

Research paper thumbnail of Síndrome de Williams

Research paper thumbnail of Neurosciences of infant mental health development: Recent findings and implications for counseling psychology

Journal of Counseling Psychology, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Are cognitive interventions for multiple sclerosis effective and feasible?

Restorative neurology and neuroscience, 2014

Fifty percent of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are estimated to have cognitive impairment... more Fifty percent of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are estimated to have cognitive impairments leading to considerable decline in productivity and quality of life. Cognitive intervention has been considered to complement pharmacological treatments. However, a lack of agreement concerning the efficacy of cognitive interventions in MS still exists. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of cognitive interventions in MS. To overcome limitations of previous meta-analyses, several databases were searched only for Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) with low risk of bias. Five studies (total of 139 participants) met our eligibility criteria. Although good completion and adherence rates were evident, we found no evidence of intervention effects on cognition or mood in post-intervention or follow-up assessments. This is the first meta-analysis assessing the effects of cognitive intervention in MS including only RCTs with comparable conditions. Research r...

Research paper thumbnail of EPA-0262 – Volumetric alterations in the accumbens and caudate nucleus in bulimic patients

European Psychiatry, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Concrete and relational vocabulary: Comparison between Williams and Smith–Magenis syndromes

Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2014

We compared the performance of two clinical groups, Williams syndrome (WS) and Smith-Magenis synd... more We compared the performance of two clinical groups, Williams syndrome (WS) and Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS), in terms of concrete and relational vocabulary. We analyzed (a) whether the WS group had an advantage in concrete vocabulary when compared to the SMS group, as good concrete vocabulary knowledge is considered a hallmark of WS; (b) if spatial processing difficulties in WS would be reflected specifically in their knowledge of relational spatial vocabulary; (c) if a specific vocabulary profile could be outlined for SMS. Our results show similar performances on receptive concrete and relational vocabulary in both groups. However, and as anticipated, performance on relational space concepts was significantly lower in the WS group.

Research paper thumbnail of A VEP study in sleeping and awake one-month-old infants and its relation with social behavior

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 2015

With the present study we aimed to analyze the relationship between infants' behavior and their v... more With the present study we aimed to analyze the relationship between infants' behavior and their visual evoked-potential (VEPs) response. Specifically, we want to verify differences regarding the VEP response in sleeping and awake infants and if an association between VEP components, in both groups, with neurobehavioral outcome could be identified. To do so, thirty-two full-term and healthy infants, approximately 1-month of age, were assessed through a VEP unpatterned flashlight stimuli paradigm, offered in two different intensities, and were assessed using a neurobehavioral scale. However, only 18 infants have both assessments, and therefore, these is the total included in both analysis. Infants displayed a mature neurobehavioral outcome, expected for their age. We observed that P2 and N3 components were present in both sleeping and awake infants. Differences between intensities were found regarding the P2 amplitude, but only in awake infants. Regression analysis showed that N3 amplitude predicted an adequate social interactive and internal regulatory behavior in infants who were awake during the stimuli presentation. Taking into account that social orientation and regulatory behaviors are fundamental keys for social-like behavior in 1-month-old infants, this study provides an important approach for assessing physiological biomarkers (VEPs) and its relation with social behavior, very early in postnatal development. Moreover, we evidence the importance of the infant's state when studying differences regarding visual threshold processing and its association with behavioral outcome.

Research paper thumbnail of Non-pharmacological cognitive intervention for aging and dementia: Current perspectives

Research paper thumbnail of Cognitive Rehabilitation in a Visual Variant of Alzheimer's Disease

Applied Neuropsychology: Adult, 2013

Alzheimer&amp... more Alzheimer's disease (AD) is commonly associated with marked memory deficits; however, nonamnestic variants have been consistently described as well. Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is a progressive degenerative condition in which posterior regions of the brain are predominantly affected, therefore resulting in a pattern of distinctive and marked visuospatial symptoms, such as apraxia, alexia, and spatial neglect. Despite the growing number of studies on cognitive and neural bases of the visual variant of AD, intervention studies remain relatively sparse. Current pharmacological treatments offer modest efficacy. Also, there is a scarcity of complementary nonpharmacological interventions with only two previous studies of PCA. Here we describe a highly educated 57-year-old patient diagnosed with a visual variant of AD who participated in a cognitive intervention program (comprising reality orientation, cognitive stimulation, and cognitive training exercises). Neuropsychological assessment was performed across moments (baseline, postintervention, follow-up) and consisted mainly of verbal and visual memory. Baseline neuropsychological assessment showed deficits in perceptive and visual-constructive abilities, learning and memory, and temporal orientation. After neuropsychological rehabilitation, we observed small improvements in the patient's cognitive functioning, namely in verbal memory, attention, and psychomotor abilities. This study shows evidence of small beneficial effects of cognitive intervention in PCA and is the first report of this approach with a highly educated patient in a moderate stage of the disease. Controlled studies are needed to assess the potential efficacy of cognition-focused approaches in these patients, and, if relevant, to grant their availability as a complementary therapy to pharmacological treatment and visual aids.

Research paper thumbnail of Differential activation of the default mode network in jet lagged individuals

Chronobiology International, 2015

Long-term exposure to transmeridian flights has been shown to impact cognitive functioning. Never... more Long-term exposure to transmeridian flights has been shown to impact cognitive functioning. Nevertheless, the immediate effects of jet lag in the activation of specific brain networks have not been investigated. We analyzed the impact of short-term jet lag on the activation of the default mode network (DMN). A group of individuals who were on a transmeridian flight and a control group went through a functional magnetic resonance imaging acquisition. Statistical analysis was performed to test for differences in the DMN activation between groups. Participants from the jet lag group presented decreased activation in the anterior nodes of the DMN, specifically in bilateral medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex. No areas of increased activation were observed for the jet lag group. These results may be suggestive of a negative impact of jet lag on important cognitive functions such as introspection, emotional regulation and decision making in a few days after individuals arrive at their destination.

Research paper thumbnail of Stress Impact on Resting State Brain Networks

PLoS ONE, 2013

Resting state brain networks (RSNs) are spatially distributed large-scale networks, evidenced by ... more Resting state brain networks (RSNs) are spatially distributed large-scale networks, evidenced by resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. Importantly, RSNs are implicated in several relevant brain functions and present abnormal functional patterns in many neuropsychiatric disorders, for which stress exposure is an established risk factor. Yet, so far, little is known about the effect of stress in the architecture of RSNs, both in resting state conditions or during shift to task performance. Herein we assessed the architecture of the RSNs using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a cohort of participants exposed to prolonged stress (participants that had just finished their long period of preparation for the medical residence selection exam), and respective gender-and age-matched controls (medical students under normal academic activities). Analysis focused on the pattern of activity in resting state conditions and after deactivation. A volumetric estimation of the RSNs was also performed. Data shows that stressed participants displayed greater activation of the default mode (DMN), dorsal attention (DAN), ventral attention (VAN), sensorimotor (SMN), and primary visual (VN) networks than controls. Importantly, stressed participants also evidenced impairments in the deactivation of resting statenetworks when compared to controls. These functional changes are paralleled by a constriction of the DMN that is in line with the pattern of brain atrophy observed after stress exposure. These results reveal that stress impacts on activationdeactivation pattern of RSNs, a finding that may underlie stress-induced changes in several dimensions of brain activity.

Research paper thumbnail of Electrophysiological correlates of semantic processing during encoding of neutral and emotional pictures in patients with ADHD

Neuropsychologia, 2009

The current study investigated the relevance of semantic processing and stimulus salience for mem... more The current study investigated the relevance of semantic processing and stimulus salience for memory performance in young ADHD patients and healthy control participants. 18 male ADHD patients and 15 healthy control children and adolescents participated in an ERP study during a visual memory paradigm with two different encoding tasks requiring either perceptual or semantic processing of neutral and emotional pictures. ADHD patients and healthy controls both showed a more negative slow-wave in response to task cues signalling semantic as compared to perceptual stimulus processing. In contrast to ADHD patients, healthy control children showed a larger increase in memory performance for deeply processed neutral pictures which was accompanied by a more positive mid-latency ERP component (so-called P300) after stimulus onset. Our results demonstrate that ADHD patients succeeded in allocating neural resources in preparation of different task demands. However, this increase in preparatory activation to the semantic task cue did not suffice to support successful processing and encoding of neutral stimuli to the same extent as in healthy controls. These findings provide evidence that ADHD patients show deficits in translating pre-stimulus mobilization of neural resources to successful memory formation in the absence of salient stimulus material.

Research paper thumbnail of The Big Five default brain: functional evidence

Brain Structure and Function, 2013

Recent neuroimaging studies have provided evidence that different dimensions of human personality... more Recent neuroimaging studies have provided evidence that different dimensions of human personality may be associated with specific structural neuroanatomic correlates. Identifying brain correlates of a situation-independent personality structure would require evidence of a stable default mode of brain functioning. In this study, we investigated the correlates of the Big Five personality dimensions (Extraversion, Neuroticism, Openness/Intellect, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness) and the default mode network (DMN). Forty-nine healthy adults completed the NEO-Five Factor. The results showed that the Extraversion (E) and Agreeableness (A) were positively correlated with activity in the midline core of the DMN, whereas Neuroticism (N), Openness (O), and Conscientiousness (C) were correlated with the parietal cortex system. Activity of the anterior cingulate cortex was positively associated with A and negatively with C. Regions of the parietal lobe were differentially associated with each personality dimension. The present study not only confirms previous functional correlates regarding the Big Five personality dimensions, but it also expands our knowledge showing the association between different personality dimensions and specific patterns of brain activation at rest.