Afrozah hassan - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Afrozah hassan
Bioremediation and Biotechnology, 2020
Table 3.2 Free-floating invasive plants (Subhendu et al. 2009) S. no. Scientific name Common name... more Table 3.2 Free-floating invasive plants (Subhendu et al. 2009) S. no. Scientific name Common name Family 1 Eichhornia crassipes Water hyacinth Pontederiaceae 2 Salvinia auriculata Water fern Salviniaceae 3 Salvinia molesta Water fern Salviniaceae 4 Salvinia natans Water fern Salviniaceae 5 Pistia stratiotes Water lettuce Araceae 6 Lemna minor Duck weed Lemnaceae 7 Spirodela polyrhiza Giant duckweed Lemnaceae 8 Azolla imbricate Water velvet Salviniaceae 9 Polygonum amphibium Water smart weed Polygonaceae Table 3.4 List of aquatic nonindigenous species reported from European countries (Hussner 2012) S. no. Name of the plant species Name of the country Alternanthera philoxeroides
Exploration and collection of fodder plants from the lake is an important day to day activity of ... more Exploration and collection of fodder plants from the lake is an important day to day activity of the local communities living within and in the vicinity of Dal Lake. Fodder collection is an important source of economy, for sustaining livlihoods of local communities. Further, for livestock rearing, the fodder plants are commercially sold to markets for generation of economy. Intensive field surveys were carried in the lake in order to document the knowledge of fodder plants collected from the lake. A total of 9 plants, belonging to 8 families, used as fodder for livestock were documented from the lake. The documentation of the data will in turn help in identifying the important nutritious fodder plants, for supporting the livestock and enhancing the livlihoods of local people. Keywords: Fodder plants, Lake Ecosystem, Local people, Livestock
Mineral nutrients are indispensable for the proper growth and development of plants. The ability ... more Mineral nutrients are indispensable for the proper growth and development of plants. The ability of plants to appropriately respond to the soil nutrient availability is of primary importance for their development and to complete their life cycle. The requirement of a particular mineral nutrient is assessed generally by the chemical analysis of the plant tissues. The terms macro- or micronutrients are used in reference to the quantitative requirement of a particular mineral. Macronutrients are acquired in greater amount as compared to micronutrients as they are part of the fundamental substances in plant cell and tissue development. The mineral composition of plants shows a lot of variation and is influenced by several factors such as genetic constitution of the plant, chemical constituents of the soil, climatic conditions, and age of the plant. Despite wide variation in the mineral composition of different plants, a certain critical level of nutrients is necessary for healthy growth...
Paeonia emodi, an endangered species, was examined for pollen mother cell (PMC) meiosis from both... more Paeonia emodi, an endangered species, was examined for pollen mother cell (PMC) meiosis from both wild and transplanted populations. Buds of suitable size were collected from all the three study sites and fixed in ethanol:acetic acid (1:3) for 24 h and stored in 70% alcohol under refrigeration. For slide preparation, the anthers were squashed in 2% acetocarmine. The results revealed the mean meiotic chromosome configurations of the species as 2n = 10. The chromosomal abnormalities observed include chromatin stickiness, univalent formation , heterozygosity, unequal distribution of chromosomes at poles, laggards and chromatin bridges . Pollen fertility test showed that pollen fertility turned out to be 70–75%. The seed set across different sites came out to be 30–45% resulting in reduced seed set in the species. These results clearly indicate that meiotic abnormalities in turn result in the decreased seed set in the species. However, further evidence is necessary to understand extens...
Medicinal plants are the natural repositories of secondary metabolites that can be used for thera... more Medicinal plants are the natural repositories of secondary metabolites that can be used for therapeutic purposes. The content of these secondary metabolites or phytochemical constituents varies at different growing seasons of the plants. The phytochemical constituents of Ajuga bracteosa and Ajuga parviflora varied significantly in their proportion at different stages of development and among different populations. The content of phenols and flavonoids was found to be maximum at the flowering stage as compared to the pre-flowering and post flowering stages in both the species. The saponins also show the same trend as that of phenols and flavonoids, being highest at the flowering stage in both the species of Ajuga. However, the terpenoids and alkaloids exhibited a different trend; the maximum terpenoid and alkaloid content was found to be higher at the post-flowering stage as compared to flowering and pre-flowering stage in both the species of Ajuga. Since the content of secondary met...
Check List, 2020
Nymphaea alba var. rubra Lönnr. is reported for the first time from Dal Lake, Kashmir Himalaya, I... more Nymphaea alba var. rubra Lönnr. is reported for the first time from Dal Lake, Kashmir Himalaya, India. The taxonomic identification was confirmed based on rhizome, leaf and flower characters. A brief description and photographic illustrations of N. alba var. rubra are provided to validate the new distribution record for aquatic flora of this Himalayan region. A comparison of N. alba var. rubra with its allied taxon, N. alba var. alba, is provided to facilitate field identification.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences, 2020
Euphorbia wallichii locally known as Kaali Heerbi is used as a folk medicine for the treatment of... more Euphorbia wallichii locally known as Kaali Heerbi is used as a folk medicine for the treatment of various dreadful diseases. A study was carried out to examine the seed germination pattern and propagation strategies of Euphorbia wallichii. The seeds show cryptocotylar development, i.e. two cotyledons remain halted in the endosperm except for their petioles. The cotyledon excised from the endosperm consists of plumule, ecophylls, radicle and hypocotyl. The present results reveal that Euphorbia wallichii has a very low percentage of seed germination. The highest percentage germination (20 ± 5.0), highest seed survival (53.3 ± 7.6) and seed vigour index (1.4) were found in 300 ppm thiourea. Vegetative propagation through rhizomes is one of the potential means of propagation for Euphorbia wallichii. The highest percentage survival was observed in the cuttings treated with 200 ppm GA 3 (72.4 ± 4.0), 100 ppm GA 3 (58.3 ± 8.7) and 50 ppm IBA (21.9 ± 9.9). Maximum sprouting occurs in 200 ppm GA 3 (89 ± 12.42), and maximum rooting occurs in 50 ppm IBA (75 ± 0). The studies on agro-techniques reveal that maximum sprouting (75 ± 0) occurs in sandy soil followed by sandy loam (68.75 ± 12.5) and loam soil (62.5 ± 14.4). These findings reveal that better results are obtained in more sandy soils. This information, in turn, helps in restoring the natural populations and to supply raw materials to the drug industry on a sustainable basis.
CRC Press eBooks, Nov 21, 2022
Herbal medicine : open access, 2017
Ajuga is a medicinally important genus of the Himalayan region. This study was carried out on the... more Ajuga is a medicinally important genus of the Himalayan region. This study was carried out on the phenotypic variability and reproductive allocation in two species of genus Ajuga, A. bracteosa and A. parviflora growing in variable habitats of Kashmir valley. Our findings clearly displayed significant divergence among sites which reveals a definite impact of altitude on morphological and reproductive features of the species under study. In A. bracteosa the plants growing at low altitudes are comparatively taller and produce more number of leaves, greater leaf dimensions and inflorescence number. But in case of A. parviflora a more or less reverse trend was seen. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the habitat of Kangan and Dachigam proved relatively better for the growth of A. bracteosa and Brinal 2 and Gogaldara for A. parviflora. Maximum resources were allocated to the growth and development of the leaves followed by stem, root tubers and inflorescence in both the species. The reproductive effort was higher (40.48 ± 1.59) for the high altitude Betab valley population in case of A. bracteosa and was lowest for the high altitude Brinal 2 population (45.88 ± 1.37) in case of A. parviflora. The regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between branch length and root length, branch length and apical leaf length in both the species and a negative correlation between branch length and number of branches per plant in both the species. Our results are very useful to introduce the species into cultivation and developing strategies for conservation.
Bacterial Fish Diseases, 2022
This review is an attempt to evaluate the phytochemical potential of the Paeonia emodi and covers... more This review is an attempt to evaluate the phytochemical potential of the Paeonia emodi and covers the pharmacological and ethnopharmacological activities of its chemical constituents, newly isolated chemical compounds and their medicinal importance. P. emodi is used in several traditional medicinal systems in China, Korea, Pakistan, India and Thailand. Different isolated natural products like anthraquinones, terpenoids, tannins, carbohydrates, phenolics and tannins, glycosides, paeoniflorin, lactiflorin, oxypaeoniflorin, cycloartenol, cholesterol, sitosterol, campesterol, emodinol, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzoic acid, anthraquinones, terpenoids, tannins, decanoic, lauric, myristic, myristoleic, palmitic and linoleic acids etc. have been found in P. emodi. It is commonly used as an antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory agent. It has been used for the treatment of diarrhoea, whooping cough, haemorrhoids, backbone ache, dropsy, headache, dizziness, vomiting, cholera, tubercul...
Genus Epilobium L. belongs to family Onagraceae, a well-defined family of about 17 genera and 675... more Genus Epilobium L. belongs to family Onagraceae, a well-defined family of about 17 genera and 675 species belonging to temperate and subtropical areas. It is distributed in temperate western Himalaya at an altitude 1524–2133 m from Kashmir to Kumaon. The genus is spread throughout the temperate and cold regions of the World. It is plentiful in New Zealand, appearing in the mountains only of the warmer regions. It consists of approximately 200 species distributed worldwide. The highest antibacterial effect of the ethanolic extract of Epilobium may be due to its high content of flavonoids, tannins and steroids. This review is an attempt to assess the Distribution and taxonomy of Epilobium L. The family contains both woody and herbaceous species. Most of the species in the genus grow in diverse environments both in aquatic as well as terrestrial habitats. Family Onagraceae is monophyletic in origin with the genus Ludwigia as a basal group as suggested by molecular and morphological ana...
Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 2007
To examine the possible protective role of vitamin 'E' 500 mg/kg diet as antioxidant against cadm... more To examine the possible protective role of vitamin 'E' 500 mg/kg diet as antioxidant against cadmium induced oxidative stress, 20 male albino rats (3-4 months old) were exposed during 2 months to oral intake of cadmium 25 mg/L (as cadmium chloride) in drinking water, cadmium for 2 months associated with vitamin E (500 mg/kg diet) given at the second month, cadmium along with vitamin E for 2 months, or has been left as a control group. The results showed that cadmium produced no changes in body weight, testicular or prostatic weights. Epididymis and seminal vesicle weights with sperm count and the percentage of live sperms were decreased significantly, with an increased in the percentage of dead and morphologically abnormal sperms. Vitamin E, on the other hand, increased the percentage of live sperm and decreased the percentage of dead and morphologically abnormal sperm caused by cadmium. It is concluded that, vitamin E supplementation decreased the cadmium effect particularly when it is administered along with cadmium from the first day of experiment.
Advances in Biomedicine and Pharmacy, 2017
The present study was carried out on a medicinal herb Euphorbia wallichii Hook .f. (family Euphor... more The present study was carried out on a medicinal herb Euphorbia wallichii Hook .f. (family Euphorbiacea) growing in Kashmir Himalaya. The intensive survey and explorations reveal that the species is distributed in the mountain ranges restricted to alpine and sub-alpine habitats, preferring open sunny meadows and open sunny slopes, along and beyond the tree line, at an altitudinal gradient of 2800m to 3600m asl. As reveled by the present studies floral dimensions show abundant variability across different selected populations. The ethnobotanical appraisal indicated that the species is used for the treatment of skin allergies of cattle, paste of leaves is used for the treatment of leprosy.
Herbal Medicine: Open Access, 2017
Ajuga is a medicinally important genus of the Himalayan region. This study was carried out on the... more Ajuga is a medicinally important genus of the Himalayan region. This study was carried out on the phenotypic variability and reproductive allocation in two species of genus Ajuga, A. bracteosa and A. parviflora growing in variable habitats of Kashmir valley. Our findings clearly displayed significant divergence among sites which reveals a definite impact of altitude on morphological and reproductive features of the species under study. In A. bracteosa the plants growing at low altitudes are comparatively taller and produce more number of leaves, greater leaf dimensions and inflorescence number. But in case of A. parviflora a more or less reverse trend was seen. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the habitat of Kangan and Dachigam proved relatively better for the growth of A. bracteosa and Brinal 2 and Gogaldara for A. parviflora. Maximum resources were allocated to the growth and development of the leaves followed by stem, root tubers and inflorescence in both the species. The reproductive effort was higher (40.48 ± 1.59) for the high altitude Betab valley population in case of A. bracteosa and was lowest for the high altitude Brinal 2 population (45.88 ± 1.37) in case of A. parviflora. The regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between branch length and root length, branch length and apical leaf length in both the species and a negative correlation between branch length and number of branches per plant in both the species. Our results are very useful to introduce the species into cultivation and developing strategies for conservation.
International Journal of Entomology Research, Sep 1, 2018
Euphorbiaceae flaunt an astonishing range of growth forms, ranging from large desert succulents t... more Euphorbiaceae flaunt an astonishing range of growth forms, ranging from large desert succulents to trees and even small herbaceous types. Euphorbiaceae is the diverse family with great variability in the pollen structures. The variable structure of pollen grains is necessary for the delimitation of species and hence important for taxonomical purposes. The collected information gives account of the pollen morphology of the various species of Euphorbia. The pollen morphology varies from prolate to spheroidal structures. The presence of colpi is the prominent feature of the family. The foldable pollen structure is necessary for the maintenance of desiccation of pollen grains.
Bioremediation and Biotechnology, 2020
Table 3.2 Free-floating invasive plants (Subhendu et al. 2009) S. no. Scientific name Common name... more Table 3.2 Free-floating invasive plants (Subhendu et al. 2009) S. no. Scientific name Common name Family 1 Eichhornia crassipes Water hyacinth Pontederiaceae 2 Salvinia auriculata Water fern Salviniaceae 3 Salvinia molesta Water fern Salviniaceae 4 Salvinia natans Water fern Salviniaceae 5 Pistia stratiotes Water lettuce Araceae 6 Lemna minor Duck weed Lemnaceae 7 Spirodela polyrhiza Giant duckweed Lemnaceae 8 Azolla imbricate Water velvet Salviniaceae 9 Polygonum amphibium Water smart weed Polygonaceae Table 3.4 List of aquatic nonindigenous species reported from European countries (Hussner 2012) S. no. Name of the plant species Name of the country Alternanthera philoxeroides
Exploration and collection of fodder plants from the lake is an important day to day activity of ... more Exploration and collection of fodder plants from the lake is an important day to day activity of the local communities living within and in the vicinity of Dal Lake. Fodder collection is an important source of economy, for sustaining livlihoods of local communities. Further, for livestock rearing, the fodder plants are commercially sold to markets for generation of economy. Intensive field surveys were carried in the lake in order to document the knowledge of fodder plants collected from the lake. A total of 9 plants, belonging to 8 families, used as fodder for livestock were documented from the lake. The documentation of the data will in turn help in identifying the important nutritious fodder plants, for supporting the livestock and enhancing the livlihoods of local people. Keywords: Fodder plants, Lake Ecosystem, Local people, Livestock
Mineral nutrients are indispensable for the proper growth and development of plants. The ability ... more Mineral nutrients are indispensable for the proper growth and development of plants. The ability of plants to appropriately respond to the soil nutrient availability is of primary importance for their development and to complete their life cycle. The requirement of a particular mineral nutrient is assessed generally by the chemical analysis of the plant tissues. The terms macro- or micronutrients are used in reference to the quantitative requirement of a particular mineral. Macronutrients are acquired in greater amount as compared to micronutrients as they are part of the fundamental substances in plant cell and tissue development. The mineral composition of plants shows a lot of variation and is influenced by several factors such as genetic constitution of the plant, chemical constituents of the soil, climatic conditions, and age of the plant. Despite wide variation in the mineral composition of different plants, a certain critical level of nutrients is necessary for healthy growth...
Paeonia emodi, an endangered species, was examined for pollen mother cell (PMC) meiosis from both... more Paeonia emodi, an endangered species, was examined for pollen mother cell (PMC) meiosis from both wild and transplanted populations. Buds of suitable size were collected from all the three study sites and fixed in ethanol:acetic acid (1:3) for 24 h and stored in 70% alcohol under refrigeration. For slide preparation, the anthers were squashed in 2% acetocarmine. The results revealed the mean meiotic chromosome configurations of the species as 2n = 10. The chromosomal abnormalities observed include chromatin stickiness, univalent formation , heterozygosity, unequal distribution of chromosomes at poles, laggards and chromatin bridges . Pollen fertility test showed that pollen fertility turned out to be 70–75%. The seed set across different sites came out to be 30–45% resulting in reduced seed set in the species. These results clearly indicate that meiotic abnormalities in turn result in the decreased seed set in the species. However, further evidence is necessary to understand extens...
Medicinal plants are the natural repositories of secondary metabolites that can be used for thera... more Medicinal plants are the natural repositories of secondary metabolites that can be used for therapeutic purposes. The content of these secondary metabolites or phytochemical constituents varies at different growing seasons of the plants. The phytochemical constituents of Ajuga bracteosa and Ajuga parviflora varied significantly in their proportion at different stages of development and among different populations. The content of phenols and flavonoids was found to be maximum at the flowering stage as compared to the pre-flowering and post flowering stages in both the species. The saponins also show the same trend as that of phenols and flavonoids, being highest at the flowering stage in both the species of Ajuga. However, the terpenoids and alkaloids exhibited a different trend; the maximum terpenoid and alkaloid content was found to be higher at the post-flowering stage as compared to flowering and pre-flowering stage in both the species of Ajuga. Since the content of secondary met...
Check List, 2020
Nymphaea alba var. rubra Lönnr. is reported for the first time from Dal Lake, Kashmir Himalaya, I... more Nymphaea alba var. rubra Lönnr. is reported for the first time from Dal Lake, Kashmir Himalaya, India. The taxonomic identification was confirmed based on rhizome, leaf and flower characters. A brief description and photographic illustrations of N. alba var. rubra are provided to validate the new distribution record for aquatic flora of this Himalayan region. A comparison of N. alba var. rubra with its allied taxon, N. alba var. alba, is provided to facilitate field identification.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences, 2020
Euphorbia wallichii locally known as Kaali Heerbi is used as a folk medicine for the treatment of... more Euphorbia wallichii locally known as Kaali Heerbi is used as a folk medicine for the treatment of various dreadful diseases. A study was carried out to examine the seed germination pattern and propagation strategies of Euphorbia wallichii. The seeds show cryptocotylar development, i.e. two cotyledons remain halted in the endosperm except for their petioles. The cotyledon excised from the endosperm consists of plumule, ecophylls, radicle and hypocotyl. The present results reveal that Euphorbia wallichii has a very low percentage of seed germination. The highest percentage germination (20 ± 5.0), highest seed survival (53.3 ± 7.6) and seed vigour index (1.4) were found in 300 ppm thiourea. Vegetative propagation through rhizomes is one of the potential means of propagation for Euphorbia wallichii. The highest percentage survival was observed in the cuttings treated with 200 ppm GA 3 (72.4 ± 4.0), 100 ppm GA 3 (58.3 ± 8.7) and 50 ppm IBA (21.9 ± 9.9). Maximum sprouting occurs in 200 ppm GA 3 (89 ± 12.42), and maximum rooting occurs in 50 ppm IBA (75 ± 0). The studies on agro-techniques reveal that maximum sprouting (75 ± 0) occurs in sandy soil followed by sandy loam (68.75 ± 12.5) and loam soil (62.5 ± 14.4). These findings reveal that better results are obtained in more sandy soils. This information, in turn, helps in restoring the natural populations and to supply raw materials to the drug industry on a sustainable basis.
CRC Press eBooks, Nov 21, 2022
Herbal medicine : open access, 2017
Ajuga is a medicinally important genus of the Himalayan region. This study was carried out on the... more Ajuga is a medicinally important genus of the Himalayan region. This study was carried out on the phenotypic variability and reproductive allocation in two species of genus Ajuga, A. bracteosa and A. parviflora growing in variable habitats of Kashmir valley. Our findings clearly displayed significant divergence among sites which reveals a definite impact of altitude on morphological and reproductive features of the species under study. In A. bracteosa the plants growing at low altitudes are comparatively taller and produce more number of leaves, greater leaf dimensions and inflorescence number. But in case of A. parviflora a more or less reverse trend was seen. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the habitat of Kangan and Dachigam proved relatively better for the growth of A. bracteosa and Brinal 2 and Gogaldara for A. parviflora. Maximum resources were allocated to the growth and development of the leaves followed by stem, root tubers and inflorescence in both the species. The reproductive effort was higher (40.48 ± 1.59) for the high altitude Betab valley population in case of A. bracteosa and was lowest for the high altitude Brinal 2 population (45.88 ± 1.37) in case of A. parviflora. The regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between branch length and root length, branch length and apical leaf length in both the species and a negative correlation between branch length and number of branches per plant in both the species. Our results are very useful to introduce the species into cultivation and developing strategies for conservation.
Bacterial Fish Diseases, 2022
This review is an attempt to evaluate the phytochemical potential of the Paeonia emodi and covers... more This review is an attempt to evaluate the phytochemical potential of the Paeonia emodi and covers the pharmacological and ethnopharmacological activities of its chemical constituents, newly isolated chemical compounds and their medicinal importance. P. emodi is used in several traditional medicinal systems in China, Korea, Pakistan, India and Thailand. Different isolated natural products like anthraquinones, terpenoids, tannins, carbohydrates, phenolics and tannins, glycosides, paeoniflorin, lactiflorin, oxypaeoniflorin, cycloartenol, cholesterol, sitosterol, campesterol, emodinol, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzoic acid, anthraquinones, terpenoids, tannins, decanoic, lauric, myristic, myristoleic, palmitic and linoleic acids etc. have been found in P. emodi. It is commonly used as an antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory agent. It has been used for the treatment of diarrhoea, whooping cough, haemorrhoids, backbone ache, dropsy, headache, dizziness, vomiting, cholera, tubercul...
Genus Epilobium L. belongs to family Onagraceae, a well-defined family of about 17 genera and 675... more Genus Epilobium L. belongs to family Onagraceae, a well-defined family of about 17 genera and 675 species belonging to temperate and subtropical areas. It is distributed in temperate western Himalaya at an altitude 1524–2133 m from Kashmir to Kumaon. The genus is spread throughout the temperate and cold regions of the World. It is plentiful in New Zealand, appearing in the mountains only of the warmer regions. It consists of approximately 200 species distributed worldwide. The highest antibacterial effect of the ethanolic extract of Epilobium may be due to its high content of flavonoids, tannins and steroids. This review is an attempt to assess the Distribution and taxonomy of Epilobium L. The family contains both woody and herbaceous species. Most of the species in the genus grow in diverse environments both in aquatic as well as terrestrial habitats. Family Onagraceae is monophyletic in origin with the genus Ludwigia as a basal group as suggested by molecular and morphological ana...
Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 2007
To examine the possible protective role of vitamin 'E' 500 mg/kg diet as antioxidant against cadm... more To examine the possible protective role of vitamin 'E' 500 mg/kg diet as antioxidant against cadmium induced oxidative stress, 20 male albino rats (3-4 months old) were exposed during 2 months to oral intake of cadmium 25 mg/L (as cadmium chloride) in drinking water, cadmium for 2 months associated with vitamin E (500 mg/kg diet) given at the second month, cadmium along with vitamin E for 2 months, or has been left as a control group. The results showed that cadmium produced no changes in body weight, testicular or prostatic weights. Epididymis and seminal vesicle weights with sperm count and the percentage of live sperms were decreased significantly, with an increased in the percentage of dead and morphologically abnormal sperms. Vitamin E, on the other hand, increased the percentage of live sperm and decreased the percentage of dead and morphologically abnormal sperm caused by cadmium. It is concluded that, vitamin E supplementation decreased the cadmium effect particularly when it is administered along with cadmium from the first day of experiment.
Advances in Biomedicine and Pharmacy, 2017
The present study was carried out on a medicinal herb Euphorbia wallichii Hook .f. (family Euphor... more The present study was carried out on a medicinal herb Euphorbia wallichii Hook .f. (family Euphorbiacea) growing in Kashmir Himalaya. The intensive survey and explorations reveal that the species is distributed in the mountain ranges restricted to alpine and sub-alpine habitats, preferring open sunny meadows and open sunny slopes, along and beyond the tree line, at an altitudinal gradient of 2800m to 3600m asl. As reveled by the present studies floral dimensions show abundant variability across different selected populations. The ethnobotanical appraisal indicated that the species is used for the treatment of skin allergies of cattle, paste of leaves is used for the treatment of leprosy.
Herbal Medicine: Open Access, 2017
Ajuga is a medicinally important genus of the Himalayan region. This study was carried out on the... more Ajuga is a medicinally important genus of the Himalayan region. This study was carried out on the phenotypic variability and reproductive allocation in two species of genus Ajuga, A. bracteosa and A. parviflora growing in variable habitats of Kashmir valley. Our findings clearly displayed significant divergence among sites which reveals a definite impact of altitude on morphological and reproductive features of the species under study. In A. bracteosa the plants growing at low altitudes are comparatively taller and produce more number of leaves, greater leaf dimensions and inflorescence number. But in case of A. parviflora a more or less reverse trend was seen. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the habitat of Kangan and Dachigam proved relatively better for the growth of A. bracteosa and Brinal 2 and Gogaldara for A. parviflora. Maximum resources were allocated to the growth and development of the leaves followed by stem, root tubers and inflorescence in both the species. The reproductive effort was higher (40.48 ± 1.59) for the high altitude Betab valley population in case of A. bracteosa and was lowest for the high altitude Brinal 2 population (45.88 ± 1.37) in case of A. parviflora. The regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between branch length and root length, branch length and apical leaf length in both the species and a negative correlation between branch length and number of branches per plant in both the species. Our results are very useful to introduce the species into cultivation and developing strategies for conservation.
International Journal of Entomology Research, Sep 1, 2018
Euphorbiaceae flaunt an astonishing range of growth forms, ranging from large desert succulents t... more Euphorbiaceae flaunt an astonishing range of growth forms, ranging from large desert succulents to trees and even small herbaceous types. Euphorbiaceae is the diverse family with great variability in the pollen structures. The variable structure of pollen grains is necessary for the delimitation of species and hence important for taxonomical purposes. The collected information gives account of the pollen morphology of the various species of Euphorbia. The pollen morphology varies from prolate to spheroidal structures. The presence of colpi is the prominent feature of the family. The foldable pollen structure is necessary for the maintenance of desiccation of pollen grains.