Dr Afaq Ahmad - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

qualitative by Dr Afaq Ahmad

Research paper thumbnail of Audience Engagement with Malayalam Television Political Satire Shows: A Qualitative Study

Journal of Communication and Management, 2023

Satire is a sword that keeps the audience alert and involved in recent political developments whe... more Satire is a sword that keeps the audience alert and involved in recent political developments when other forms of traditional media have failed to communicate politics effectively. This qualitative study was done among the people who watch Malayalam political satire shows. This study attempts to throw light on the viewing habits of selected satirical programs in Malayalam news channels. The present study is intended to examine political satire shows’ credibility and trustworthiness. The samples are collected using the purposive sampling method; qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted to strengthen the research objective. Most respondents said that they chose satire to gain information through fun. They also admitted that satirical shows are sources of political information. This study employed uses gratification theory, the third-person effect, and agenda-setting theory to explain the reason for choosing political satire.

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of Social Media use on Adolescent's Depression

Media, Law and Society Interrelations and Emerging Trends: Vina Prakashan, 2022

Social networking platforms give opportunities for adolescents to express their views in multi-di... more Social networking platforms give opportunities for adolescents to express their views in multi-dimensional ways. But the excessive use of social media by adolescents can be a predictor of depression among adolescents. This systematic review aims to find out the relationship between social media use and depression in adolescents. Recent research has shown that social networking sites (SNS) use is a risk factor for depression. This research paper is a theoretical paper based on the analysis of content available on the internet, social media, and research published in journals review yielded ten papers from Sci-hub, PsycINFO, mayo clinic, pub reader. The systematic, research gate, and database from the year 2017 to 2022. The review paper synthesized evidence on the influence of social media use on depression, and anxiety in adolescents. In all the 10 studies, depression was the most commonly measured outcome in adolescents from different geographical locations. Data analysis varied a significant correlation between social media use and depression. The
researcher through systematic review wants to measure the previously published research studies for the answer to a specific question. Data from the majority of the studies suggest that adolescents who use social media more frequently are prone to symptoms of depression and anxiety. Findings were mixed for the frequency of social media use and depression, but depression might be the reason to activate other symptoms related to anxiety and depression in adolescents.

KEYWORDS: Social media, adolescents, depression, anxiety

Research paper thumbnail of Uses and Gratification Theory and Selective Tamil Infotainment Programmes: A Survey on Chennai TV Audience

Wesleyan Journal of Research, 2021

This study is conducted to identify and consolidate highly liked and viewed programmes among the ... more This study is conducted to identify and consolidate highly liked and viewed programmes among the given list of programmeswithin each of the specified genres.This research aims to find out how the television audiences use media. Further, this research attempts to study how viewers are selectively inclined towards desired channels and their preferences for particular programmes and the reasons for watching suchprogrammes. This research explores how Maslow's hierarchy of needs, selective exposure Theory, uses and gratification theory and dependency theory converge as a motive for watching television programmes. Limiting to a period of one and half months, the researchers made an attempt to select a sample size of 300 respondents in and around Chennai city comprising of both men and women between 17 to 75 ages of various demographics. The geographical segmentation includes Metro, Urban, SubUrban , Rural and Slum areas. The methodology adopted in the study is Descriptive research method and Non-Probability sampling technique-Purposive sampling has been taken into consideration. To fulfil this, a survey was conducted to draw primary data through closed ended questionnaires. Moreover, watching similar programmes on other channels are also analyzed. The results are represented in percentage values.

Research paper thumbnail of Changing Trends of Hindi Remix Songs and its Impact on Younger Generations: A Study

South India Journal of Social Sciences, 2020

Media play a prominent role to inform, educate and entertain people. The electronic media have ex... more Media play a prominent role to inform, educate and entertain people. The electronic media have expanded its growth among common masses due to its lingual and vocal acceptability these days. The Bollywood remix songs have tremendously affected younger generations in terms of moulding their way of living. The remix songs have also created a niche for today’s youths when we talk about the occurring transformation in their daily life style. On the contrary, the changing trends of Hindi remix songs seem to have vehemently changed the mind set of younger generations as messages kept in these songs seldom proved detrimental
to shape the thoughts and notions of younger generations. Hence, Hindi remix songs play negative as well positive role to shape the mental and emotional growth of younger generations in many ways. The present paper is basically a Survey study. To fulfil it, the researchers conducted a survey of 150 respondents to know the perception of youths about
changing trends of Hindi remix songs and its effect on their daily life-style. Further, the present paper is an attempt to investigate the popularity of remix songs among youths and its consequential impact to shape the societal norms and to fulfil it the content of five selected Hindi Remix songs between 2014 to 2019 - Laila Main Laila of the movie Raees; Humma Humma of movie Ok Jaanu; Dilbar Dilbar of the movie Satyamev Jayate; Ek Do Teen of the movie Baaghi 2; Aankh Marey of the movie Simba have also been taken for consideration.

Research paper thumbnail of Coverage of Rape Cases in Media with Special Reference to ‘Nirbhaya’ Gangrape

Dialogue Quarterly, 2020

Press is considered the fourth pillar of any democratic setup. India is a democratic country; the... more Press is considered the fourth pillar of any democratic setup. India is
a democratic country; therefore, newspapers in Delhi play an agendasetting role in the country. The cases of rape are ubiquitous phenomenon and reported every day in newspapers. A 23-year-old female was brutally raped and murdered by six adult men and one 17 years old juvenile in the year 2012 in Delhi. This brutal gang rape attracted media headlines not only in India but across the world due to its horrific nature in which the crime was committed. The present research paper attempts to
understand the representation of rape in newspapers with special reference to Delhi gang rape case. The researcher has also conducted
comparative analysis of representation of high-profile rape cases and
normal rape cases. To analyze the reports the data were collected from
three Hindi and three English newspapers namely Dainik Jagran, Hindustan, Dainik Bhaskar, The Times of India, The Tribune and The
Hindu published from Dehradun. The researchers used electronic version
of editions for the study. All the news items were read and re-read carefully and analyzed thematically. The study shows that newspapers
highlight those stories and give extensive coverage to those rape incidents which have elements of sympathy, public apathy and exposure
of such incidents by means of protests.

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of Health Communication on Prevention of Human  Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in Katsina State, Nigeria

Communicator | Vol. LV (1 and 2): 19–34, January–June 2020 ISSN: 0588-8093, 2020

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a disease of glo... more Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a disease of global concern for international, governmental and non-governmental organizations and individuals due to its devastating socio-economic implications especially on youths. Several policies and programmes were initiated and implemented to curtail the
spread and curb the menace in relation to HIV/AIDS. To educate and aware the public about the disease is one of the measures identified to check its spread. Health communication is aimed at educating people on some important health issues with a view to get them equipped with the information required to tackle with various problems related to health. This study is an attempt to investigate the role of health communication in curtailing the spread of HIV/AIDS among adolescents in the Katsina State of Nigeria. By applying qualitative survey method (via focus group discussion and in-depth interview), the study randomly selected two
Local Governments each from the three Senatorial districts of Katsina, Daura and Funtua and interviewed the staff members of the Katsina State Agency for the Control of AIDS. The results of the study indicated that health communication has succeeded in making people aware of the disease and the information has significantly impacted the people’s attitude towards adopting measures that could minimize the spread of the virus. The study, therefore, advocated the use of other non-media approaches like town-hall meetings and market-day
sensitizations among others.
Keywords: Health communication, HIV/AIDS, Katsina State, Nigeria, Adolescents

Research paper thumbnail of The Agenda Setting Role of Mainstream Hindi Cinema: The Study of Aamir Khan's Selected Movies

International Education & Research Journal (IERJ), 2019

Bollywood has gained currency with the passage of time and it happens to be the sole entertainmen... more Bollywood has gained currency with the passage of time and it happens to be the sole entertainment provider for millions of viewers in the country. Hindi films have enriched the people with thought-provoking and value-loaded temperament and as far as Aamir Khan's movies are concerned it supplied messages and energised cinema goers due to its varied plots, style, ideas or texture of stories, and multi-dimensional characteristics played by him on the silver screen. Aamir Khan's movies
leave an emotional effect on viewers and inculcate something which seems to be lacking in Hindi cinema these days. The primary objective of the paper is to study the three selected movies of Aamir Khan which tend to set the agenda of mainstream Hindi cinema. The present paper is an attempt to study three different movies of Aamir Khan which is inclined to pave the way to set the agenda in accordance with the messages hidden in the themes and plots of these movies under study. The researcher has purposefully selected these movies as Sarfarosh – a suspense-thriller movie, Dil Chahta Hai – a trendsetter movie, and Mangal Pandey – a historical movie, owing to their heterogeneous and multifarious stories. As the selected movies tried to shape public opinion and enlighten viewers due to its wide-ranging plots and themes, the agenda-setting role was unearthed. The study revealed that Aamir Khan's movies appear to set the agenda of Hindi cinema by employing different plots and characters in his movies. Moreover, Aamir Khan's movies seem to have bridged the gap between commercial and art cinema as his films supposed to have an artistic approach and
commercially-driven predictability alike. The manifestation of the suspense-thriller proposition, trendsetter slant, and historical perspective were quite evident to substantiate that Aamir Khan's movies set the agenda of mainstream Hindi cinema in a distinctive and exclusive manner.

KEYWORDS: Agenda Setting Role, Hindi Cinema, Hindi Films, Bollywood, Aamir Khan.

Research paper thumbnail of Coverage of Issues Related to Sexual Violence: Comparative Study of The Indian Express and The Times of India

Asian Review of Social Sciences, 2019

Newspapers are considered the important platforms to mobilise and sensitise the people regarding ... more Newspapers are considered the important platforms to mobilise and sensitise the people regarding different social issues. The issues of the women, their rights and atrocities meted out against them, need to be raised in various forums including the newspapers. This study is aimed at understanding news media's agenda on issues related to women with specific reference to sexual violence meted out against them. To analyse the coverage of the issues relating to sexual violence against women, two mainstream national English dailies. The Indian Express and The Times of India were purposively chosen. The systematic random sampling technique was employed to select the contents published in the newspapers between 01 January to 30 June 2017. It was revealed that the newspapers had given more prominence to negative aspects of women's issues and presented their image as a consumable product. There has been a little variance in tonality and resonance of reporting between the two newspapers under study. The findings also reveal that there are numerous incidents of sexual harassment against women to which the newspapers paid scant attention and it seems that they are not in the news agenda. Most of the times, the news stories pertaining to women's rights were presented in negative frames.

Keywords: Women’s Rights, Content Analysis, Framing, The Times of India, The Indian Express, Sexual Violence

Research paper thumbnail of Press Coverage on Human Rights Violations: Case Study of 'The Hindu'

Mass Communicator , 2019

Newspapers are the ultimate tool to conscientise the readers about their rights and construct the... more Newspapers are the ultimate tool to conscientise the readers about their rights and construct their slanting towards different human rights violations. In a parliamentary democracy like India, newspapers play the role of the watchdog and gatekeepers. As mediators of contemporary society, news media set the agenda on different issues and influence the public about their rights and responsibilities. The present study is aimed at analysing the newspaper’s content by applying frame analysis technique. A sample of 46 newspapers of The Hindu from 01 January to 30 June 2017 pertaining to human rights issues were studied by applying systematic random sampling mechanism. The content analysis indicated pervasiveness of the incidents of human rights violations covered by The Hindu. A few news items portraying positive aspects of human rights were also covered during the period under study. Though, more responsible depiction of human rights issues is required to publish in the newspaper; yet the selected newspaper tried to spread a sense of consciousness in its readers through covering good number of stories related to human rights. The placement of news items, quantum of prominence and proximity level fastened with these stories was thoroughly examined.

Keywords: Human Rights, Content Analysis, News Framing, Human Rights News, The Hindu, Placement, Prominence, Proximity

Research paper thumbnail of Eco-friendly Women Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas: A Paradigm Shift for Societal Uplift

Jaipuria International Journal of Management Research , 2019

Today, the discourse of entrepreneurship seems to have changed with the inception of eco-friendly... more Today, the discourse of entrepreneurship seems to have changed with the inception of eco-friendly women entrepreneurship in rural areas which proved as a panacea for societal development. In a patriarchal society, a man still remains doubtful about women’s ability to be a good entrepreneur in spite of the fact that women appear to be more psychologically flexible and have a diplomatic administrative way of working. Village women are often equipped with artisan skills, albeit they struggle to become economically self-reliant. Multitasking is another virtue of women as they can execute various tasks at the same time; thus, women seem to be more productive than men. This paper is intended to provide an understanding of the paradigm shift in rural areas of the country in terms of theoretical amalgamation of the conventionally accepted capitalist, corporate or business-oriented entrepreneurship and eco-friendly women entrepreneurship where women entrepreneurs leave indelible marks for societal development in agrarian sectors and so forth. Entrepreneurship is a key element through which rural economic development can be achieved. The paper tried to reveal the impact of eco-friendly women entrepreneurship on rural areas for the alleviation of penury of the villagers, especially in agriculture sectors and domestic affairs, with the attempt to address the issues related to farmers, workers, daily wagers, etc.

Keywords: Eco-friendly Entrepreneurship, Rural Development, Women Entrepreneurs, Sustainability, Agrarian Sector, Farmers

Research paper thumbnail of Qualitative Framing Analysis on Women's Issues: The Case Study of The Hindu

Arts and Humanities Open Access Journal, 2019

The treatment given to women’s issues in newspapers gained wide attention these days. The coverag... more The treatment given to women’s issues in newspapers gained wide attention these days. The coverage of issues pertaining to women’s rights and violations have attained a new significance in mainstream English dailies. In a male-dominated and patriarchal society, women deem fit to have been relegated to secondary positions both in professional and domestic surroundings. The newspaper readers judge the status of women in society through the words, facts, and materials incorporated by the newspapers. This paper is an attempt to qualitatively analyze the framing of news from a women’s rights paradigm as covered by the newspapers under study. The framing analysis of the selected pieces of the news items covered by the identified newspaper shows that the press seems to have covered the issues related to women and atrocities meted against them, but the portrayal of women appears to have been sensational and captivating as a whole. The exploration of women’s achievements in multiple fields viz. financial stability, women entrepreneurship, women’s self-help groups, etc. need to be highlighted by the newspapers rather depicting them as a consumable object and showcasing their beauty rather professing their strength.

Keywords: Women’s Rights, Framing Analysis, Qualitative Analysis, The Hindu

Research paper thumbnail of Newspaper Coverage on Human Rights Issues: A Comparative Study of The Times of India and The Indian Express

Indian Journal of Communication Review, 2019

The newspapers play a crucial role in creating awareness and raising consciousness among the read... more The newspapers play a crucial role in creating awareness and raising consciousness among the readers about their political, social and economic rights. As mediators in contemporary society, news media set the agenda on different issues and influence public opinion. The study intended to analyse the human rights issues covered by newspapers by employing the content analysis technique. The contents of The Times of India and The Indian Express from 01 January to 30 June 2017 relating to human rights issues were taken by applying systematic random sampling mechanism. The outcome of the study indicated pervasiveness of the incidents of human rights violations covered by The Times of India as well as The Indian Express. The papers also covered a few news items portraying positive aspects of human rights during the study period. Overall the
newspapers understudy tried to build consciousness about human rights in its readers by including a good number of stories related to the issues.

Keywords: Human Rights, Content Analysis, News, The Hindu, The Indian Express

Research paper thumbnail of Public Perception of Aamir Khan as a Film Personality: A Survey

Journal of Advanced Research in Journalism and Mass Communication, 2019

Aamir Khan is considered one of the multitalented, proficient and multitasking actors of Bollywoo... more Aamir Khan is considered one of the multitalented, proficient and multitasking actors of Bollywood. Aamir Khan’s movies lend valuable impact on cinemagoers minds as they tend to inculcate a feeling for societal, mental, emotional and individual reform in society. Least studies have been conducted on Aamir Khan and his movies. This study is based upon a questionnaire survey on postgraduate students of Aligarh Muslim University. It consists of the statement spread over various aspects of Aamir Khan as a film personality. A closed-ended questionnaire was structured and a total of 250 students participated in the study. The respondents tried to judiciously put opinion on multiple strands of Aamir Khan’s persona as a noted actor of Bollywood. Based on the survey study of Aamir Khan, the researcher made an attempt to diagnose the knowledge and acceptance of Aamir Khan and his movies among university goers. The researcher tried to inspect the multifaceted, multidimensional and multiskilled narrative about Aamir Khan by highlighting the stories of various aspects of the society in his films. The outcome of the research study presents that a congenial, beguiling and resuscitating characteristics are vehemently depicted in his movies. Moreover, the study showcases that the evergreen, highly spirited and message-oriented features are predominantly scattered in most of his movies containing critically acclaimed themes, direction and cinematography.

Research paper thumbnail of Constitutionalization of Justice and Human Rights in India: Prospects and Challenges

International Journal of Creative and Innovative Research in All Studies, 2019

The enshrinement of a powerful legal framework encompasses Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) an... more The enshrinement of a powerful legal framework encompasses Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and help develop the socioeconomic and political status of the citizens of the country. As India is a signatory to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the Constitution of India sowed seeds of social, economic, and political justice to be enjoyed by the poor and rich alike after decades of subjugation by Britishers. In a free India, the Constitution has provided legal frameworks to the citizens for the establishment of an egalitarian society. Further, the Constitution gives equal opportunity to all individuals in a society without any discrimination on the basis of religion, caste, creed, colour, group, sex, ethnicity or language. In a democracy like India the sustainable development goals can only be achieved by sustaining human rights of all individuals and strengthening the social, economic, political, and cultural fabric of the nation. But, the socioeconomic and political rights seem to have diluted these days in terms of the curtailment of freedom of speech and expression as well as blatant human rights contraventions. The sociology of justice appears to be viewed in a religious angle due to the prevailing state protected lawlessness across the country. To my mind, the judicial remedy is a panacea for all social ailments. The present paper attempts to discuss the condition of the human rights and the Constitutionalization of Justice in the country. The study also focused to get the answer whether the human rights infringements have vitiated the multi-dimensional social, cultural, and religious anatomy of the nation. The paper concludes the discourse by endorsing that the Constitution guaranteed to secure the fundamental rights of all communities but judicial remedy and justice for all still seems to be a hallucination even after seventy years of independence.

Keyword: Human Rights, Indian Constitution, Sustainable Development Goals, Constitutionalization of Justice

Research paper thumbnail of A Critical Analysis of Bollywood Actor Aamir Khan’s Selected Movies

International Journal of Media, Journalism and Mass Communications (IJMJMC) , 2019

Movies are rollercoaster voyage having stunning persuasion and exhortation to entertain the view... more Movies are rollercoaster voyage having stunning persuasion and exhortation to entertain the viewers. Movies leave invigorating and rejuvenating impact on cinemagoers’ minds as they can be retrieved and replayed time and again. As far as Bollywood film actor Aamir Khan’s movies is concerned, it can be an essential ingredient and catalyst to bring about a methodical social change. In other words, Aamir Khan’s movies seem to be a testament to societal reform in the country. Very few studies have been undertaken on Aamir Khan’s movies, and on the inescapable messages contained in his movies. The key objective of this paper is to acknowledge the different roles played by Aamir Khan in his movies and analyse the treatment given to the contents in these selected movies. Based on the study of three selected films of Aamir Khan, the researcher made an attempt to diagnose the socio cultural elements scattered in these movies. These movies were willingly selected as AndazApnaApna – a comedy movie, Raja Hindustani – a romantic movie, and Ghulam – a playback singer movie with the intention to go through the multiple aspects in corporated in these movies. The researcher seeks to explore the multifaceted, multidimensional and multi skilled narrative about Aamir Khan by highlighting the stories of various aspects of the society in his films. The outcome of the research study reveals that entertaining, appealing, and captivating features are vigorously portrayed in these movies. Further, the study shows that the beguile, humorous and witty aspects found prominence encompassing dissimilar and divergent communication threads in these three selected movies under study.

Keywords: Hindi Movies, Aamir Khan, Critical Analysis, Multidimensional Films, Comedy, Romance, Playback Singer.

Research paper thumbnail of Versatility Thy Name is Aamir Khan: Thematic Study of Three Selected Films

International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah , 2019

Hindi cinema has acquired a universal identity in Indian society as it is one of the most popular... more Hindi cinema has acquired a universal identity in Indian society as it is one of the most popular forms of entertainment, education and information in India. As purveyor of entertainment, Bollywood has provided a platform to many actors to flourish their talents as an actor. As far as Aamir Khan is concerned, acting is the life, blood, and soul of Aamir Khan. The way he portrays various characters in his movies, make him a perfect actor of versatile genre. Less studies have been conducted on Aamir Khan and his movies, and on the versatile portrayal of Aamir Khan contained in his movies. The purpose of this paper is to understand the versatile characteristics played by Aamir Khan in his movies. The present paper makes an attempt to critically analyse the three movies of different genres of Aamir Khan. These movies were purposively selected as Lagaan-a patriotic, productional and nostalgic movie, Rang De Basanti-a revolutionary, nationalistic and rebellious movie, and Taare Zameen Par-an inspirational, experimental and directorial movie, on account of their distinguishing stories. As the selected films etched a niche in the hearts and minds of cinemagoers and movie viewers due to their innovative stories and splendid cinematography, the thematic analysis was undertaken. It has been found from the study that message-oriented aspects depicted in these movies. Further, the informative, inspirational, patriotic, reformative, and revolutionary characteristics predominantly glimpsed in his movies. The versatile characteristics of Aamir Khan was also meticulously scrutinized. It has been found after having a critical analysis that Aamir Khan has versatile characteristics as depicted in these three selected movies under study.

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding News Media Agenda on Human Rights: The Case Study of The Hindu

International Journal of Advance and Innovative Research , 2018

ABSTRACT The news media play a key role in sensitizing people about human rights issues and influ... more ABSTRACT The news media play a key role in sensitizing people about human rights issues and influence shaping public opinion. As gatekeepers, negotiators and custodians of democracy, newspapers create awareness among the public about their rights and responsibilities. This study was conducted to assess news media’s agenda on human rights issues. For the purpose, content analysis as well as framing technique has been used. In order to understand news media agenda, the Hindu newspaper as a case study was taken and systematic random sampling method was employed to choose the contents of newspapers between 01 January to 30 June 2017. The frame of presentation of news in newspapers is of vital importance as it directly affects people’s way of thinking. To analyse the news relevant to human rights issues seven frames were proposed–media referential, pragmatic, prognostic, victim, oppressor, sensational and media trial. The findings reveal that there are so many incidents of human rights violations to which media give scant attention and they are not in the news agenda. Most of the time, the stories relevant to human rights were presented in negative frames.

Keywords: Human Rights, Content Analysis, Framing, News, The Hindu, Agenda Setting

Research paper thumbnail of Gatekeepers’ Gatekeeping Role Towards Upholding Human Rights: A Comparative Study of The Times of India & The Indian Express

International Journal of Communication and Media Studies (IJCMS), 2018

In the contemporary world, news media provides an important platform where people raise different... more In the contemporary world, news media provides an important platform where people raise different issues of their concern. The issues of the men and women, their rights and atrocities meted out against them, needs to be raised in various forums including the newspapers. This study is aimed at analyzing the newspaper coverage and understanding gatekeeper's gate keeping role towards upholding human rights of the people. To analyze the coverage of the issues relating to human rights, two mainstream national English dailies: The Times of India and The Indian Express were purposively chosen. The systematic random sampling technique was employed to select the contents of the newspapers between 01 January to 30 June 2017. Further, the study examines the existing frames in the news narrative of human rights issues through the frame analysis technique. It was revealed that the newspapers under study provided adequate coverage to human rights issues; but most of the times, the news stories pertaining to human rights were presented in negative frames. There has been a little variance in tonality and resonance of reporting between two newspapers under study. The findings also reveal that there were numerous incidents of human rights violations in the society to which the newspapers under study paid scant attention and it seems that they are not on the news agenda

KEYWORDS: Human Rights, Content Analysis, Framing, The Times of India, The Indian Express, Gatekeepers, Gatekeeping Role

Research paper thumbnail of News Media Coverage on Human Rights Issues: Comparative Analysis of The Times of India and The Hindu

Journal of Knowledge & Communication Management , 2018

The media is a powerful tool to reform the society as it creates consciousness among the people r... more The media is a powerful tool to reform the society as it creates consciousness among the people regarding their rights and responsibilities. In a democratic country, media is essentially reckoned as an ombudsman, protector and agenda setter. In other words, media can ensure that the voices of the marginalised sections of the society be heard by governments. Although news media organisations can cover limited number of issues related to human rights violations due to the organisational limitations and predetermined ideological tone of their respective organisations, the crucial role played by them in creating consciousness among people cannot be underestimated. As soon as print media give priority to news items related to human rights, it gets fomented and becomes the issue of public interest. Keeping in mind the importance of the media agenda, it has been attempted in the present study to investigate, understand and describe the content of various issues relevant to human rights in two mainstream National English dailies-The Hindu and The Times of India. Further, the study explores the existing frames in the news discourse through framing analysis technique. It is found that newspapers under study given more emphasis on negative aspects of human rights related issues. However, there has been a slight difference in tone of reporting between two newspapers under study while covering news related to human rights violations.

Keywords: Human rights, Content analysis, News frames, News media, Frame analysis

Papers by Dr Afaq Ahmad

Research paper thumbnail of Gauging Viewership Patterns and Engagement Levels of Malayalam Political Satire Shows

Ishal Paithrkam, published by Mahakavi Moyinkutty Vaidyar Mappila Kala Academy, Kondotty, under the auspices of the Department of Cultural Affairs, Government of Kerala, 2023

This study is aimed at exploring audience engagement with Malayalam television political satire s... more This study is aimed at exploring audience engagement with Malayalam television political satire shows through applying quantitative research methodology. The researchers have adopted purposive sampling technique and collected samples from the premises of Calicut University, Kerala, India. A total of 120 respondents participated in the study. The findings revealed that the audience's frequency of watching political satire shows was positively correlated with their engagement with the content, particularly in terms of their attention to the political issues highlighted in the shows. The results also indicated that the audience's demographic characteristics, including age, gender, and political affiliation, played a significant role in their engagement with political satire shows. Moreover, the study found that the audience's media consumption patterns, such as their use of social media platforms, significantly influenced their engagement with political satire shows.

Research paper thumbnail of Audience Engagement with Malayalam Television Political Satire Shows: A Qualitative Study

Journal of Communication and Management, 2023

Satire is a sword that keeps the audience alert and involved in recent political developments whe... more Satire is a sword that keeps the audience alert and involved in recent political developments when other forms of traditional media have failed to communicate politics effectively. This qualitative study was done among the people who watch Malayalam political satire shows. This study attempts to throw light on the viewing habits of selected satirical programs in Malayalam news channels. The present study is intended to examine political satire shows’ credibility and trustworthiness. The samples are collected using the purposive sampling method; qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted to strengthen the research objective. Most respondents said that they chose satire to gain information through fun. They also admitted that satirical shows are sources of political information. This study employed uses gratification theory, the third-person effect, and agenda-setting theory to explain the reason for choosing political satire.

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of Social Media use on Adolescent's Depression

Media, Law and Society Interrelations and Emerging Trends: Vina Prakashan, 2022

Social networking platforms give opportunities for adolescents to express their views in multi-di... more Social networking platforms give opportunities for adolescents to express their views in multi-dimensional ways. But the excessive use of social media by adolescents can be a predictor of depression among adolescents. This systematic review aims to find out the relationship between social media use and depression in adolescents. Recent research has shown that social networking sites (SNS) use is a risk factor for depression. This research paper is a theoretical paper based on the analysis of content available on the internet, social media, and research published in journals review yielded ten papers from Sci-hub, PsycINFO, mayo clinic, pub reader. The systematic, research gate, and database from the year 2017 to 2022. The review paper synthesized evidence on the influence of social media use on depression, and anxiety in adolescents. In all the 10 studies, depression was the most commonly measured outcome in adolescents from different geographical locations. Data analysis varied a significant correlation between social media use and depression. The
researcher through systematic review wants to measure the previously published research studies for the answer to a specific question. Data from the majority of the studies suggest that adolescents who use social media more frequently are prone to symptoms of depression and anxiety. Findings were mixed for the frequency of social media use and depression, but depression might be the reason to activate other symptoms related to anxiety and depression in adolescents.

KEYWORDS: Social media, adolescents, depression, anxiety

Research paper thumbnail of Uses and Gratification Theory and Selective Tamil Infotainment Programmes: A Survey on Chennai TV Audience

Wesleyan Journal of Research, 2021

This study is conducted to identify and consolidate highly liked and viewed programmes among the ... more This study is conducted to identify and consolidate highly liked and viewed programmes among the given list of programmeswithin each of the specified genres.This research aims to find out how the television audiences use media. Further, this research attempts to study how viewers are selectively inclined towards desired channels and their preferences for particular programmes and the reasons for watching suchprogrammes. This research explores how Maslow's hierarchy of needs, selective exposure Theory, uses and gratification theory and dependency theory converge as a motive for watching television programmes. Limiting to a period of one and half months, the researchers made an attempt to select a sample size of 300 respondents in and around Chennai city comprising of both men and women between 17 to 75 ages of various demographics. The geographical segmentation includes Metro, Urban, SubUrban , Rural and Slum areas. The methodology adopted in the study is Descriptive research method and Non-Probability sampling technique-Purposive sampling has been taken into consideration. To fulfil this, a survey was conducted to draw primary data through closed ended questionnaires. Moreover, watching similar programmes on other channels are also analyzed. The results are represented in percentage values.

Research paper thumbnail of Changing Trends of Hindi Remix Songs and its Impact on Younger Generations: A Study

South India Journal of Social Sciences, 2020

Media play a prominent role to inform, educate and entertain people. The electronic media have ex... more Media play a prominent role to inform, educate and entertain people. The electronic media have expanded its growth among common masses due to its lingual and vocal acceptability these days. The Bollywood remix songs have tremendously affected younger generations in terms of moulding their way of living. The remix songs have also created a niche for today’s youths when we talk about the occurring transformation in their daily life style. On the contrary, the changing trends of Hindi remix songs seem to have vehemently changed the mind set of younger generations as messages kept in these songs seldom proved detrimental
to shape the thoughts and notions of younger generations. Hence, Hindi remix songs play negative as well positive role to shape the mental and emotional growth of younger generations in many ways. The present paper is basically a Survey study. To fulfil it, the researchers conducted a survey of 150 respondents to know the perception of youths about
changing trends of Hindi remix songs and its effect on their daily life-style. Further, the present paper is an attempt to investigate the popularity of remix songs among youths and its consequential impact to shape the societal norms and to fulfil it the content of five selected Hindi Remix songs between 2014 to 2019 - Laila Main Laila of the movie Raees; Humma Humma of movie Ok Jaanu; Dilbar Dilbar of the movie Satyamev Jayate; Ek Do Teen of the movie Baaghi 2; Aankh Marey of the movie Simba have also been taken for consideration.

Research paper thumbnail of Coverage of Rape Cases in Media with Special Reference to ‘Nirbhaya’ Gangrape

Dialogue Quarterly, 2020

Press is considered the fourth pillar of any democratic setup. India is a democratic country; the... more Press is considered the fourth pillar of any democratic setup. India is
a democratic country; therefore, newspapers in Delhi play an agendasetting role in the country. The cases of rape are ubiquitous phenomenon and reported every day in newspapers. A 23-year-old female was brutally raped and murdered by six adult men and one 17 years old juvenile in the year 2012 in Delhi. This brutal gang rape attracted media headlines not only in India but across the world due to its horrific nature in which the crime was committed. The present research paper attempts to
understand the representation of rape in newspapers with special reference to Delhi gang rape case. The researcher has also conducted
comparative analysis of representation of high-profile rape cases and
normal rape cases. To analyze the reports the data were collected from
three Hindi and three English newspapers namely Dainik Jagran, Hindustan, Dainik Bhaskar, The Times of India, The Tribune and The
Hindu published from Dehradun. The researchers used electronic version
of editions for the study. All the news items were read and re-read carefully and analyzed thematically. The study shows that newspapers
highlight those stories and give extensive coverage to those rape incidents which have elements of sympathy, public apathy and exposure
of such incidents by means of protests.

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of Health Communication on Prevention of Human  Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in Katsina State, Nigeria

Communicator | Vol. LV (1 and 2): 19–34, January–June 2020 ISSN: 0588-8093, 2020

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a disease of glo... more Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a disease of global concern for international, governmental and non-governmental organizations and individuals due to its devastating socio-economic implications especially on youths. Several policies and programmes were initiated and implemented to curtail the
spread and curb the menace in relation to HIV/AIDS. To educate and aware the public about the disease is one of the measures identified to check its spread. Health communication is aimed at educating people on some important health issues with a view to get them equipped with the information required to tackle with various problems related to health. This study is an attempt to investigate the role of health communication in curtailing the spread of HIV/AIDS among adolescents in the Katsina State of Nigeria. By applying qualitative survey method (via focus group discussion and in-depth interview), the study randomly selected two
Local Governments each from the three Senatorial districts of Katsina, Daura and Funtua and interviewed the staff members of the Katsina State Agency for the Control of AIDS. The results of the study indicated that health communication has succeeded in making people aware of the disease and the information has significantly impacted the people’s attitude towards adopting measures that could minimize the spread of the virus. The study, therefore, advocated the use of other non-media approaches like town-hall meetings and market-day
sensitizations among others.
Keywords: Health communication, HIV/AIDS, Katsina State, Nigeria, Adolescents

Research paper thumbnail of The Agenda Setting Role of Mainstream Hindi Cinema: The Study of Aamir Khan's Selected Movies

International Education & Research Journal (IERJ), 2019

Bollywood has gained currency with the passage of time and it happens to be the sole entertainmen... more Bollywood has gained currency with the passage of time and it happens to be the sole entertainment provider for millions of viewers in the country. Hindi films have enriched the people with thought-provoking and value-loaded temperament and as far as Aamir Khan's movies are concerned it supplied messages and energised cinema goers due to its varied plots, style, ideas or texture of stories, and multi-dimensional characteristics played by him on the silver screen. Aamir Khan's movies
leave an emotional effect on viewers and inculcate something which seems to be lacking in Hindi cinema these days. The primary objective of the paper is to study the three selected movies of Aamir Khan which tend to set the agenda of mainstream Hindi cinema. The present paper is an attempt to study three different movies of Aamir Khan which is inclined to pave the way to set the agenda in accordance with the messages hidden in the themes and plots of these movies under study. The researcher has purposefully selected these movies as Sarfarosh – a suspense-thriller movie, Dil Chahta Hai – a trendsetter movie, and Mangal Pandey – a historical movie, owing to their heterogeneous and multifarious stories. As the selected movies tried to shape public opinion and enlighten viewers due to its wide-ranging plots and themes, the agenda-setting role was unearthed. The study revealed that Aamir Khan's movies appear to set the agenda of Hindi cinema by employing different plots and characters in his movies. Moreover, Aamir Khan's movies seem to have bridged the gap between commercial and art cinema as his films supposed to have an artistic approach and
commercially-driven predictability alike. The manifestation of the suspense-thriller proposition, trendsetter slant, and historical perspective were quite evident to substantiate that Aamir Khan's movies set the agenda of mainstream Hindi cinema in a distinctive and exclusive manner.

KEYWORDS: Agenda Setting Role, Hindi Cinema, Hindi Films, Bollywood, Aamir Khan.

Research paper thumbnail of Coverage of Issues Related to Sexual Violence: Comparative Study of The Indian Express and The Times of India

Asian Review of Social Sciences, 2019

Newspapers are considered the important platforms to mobilise and sensitise the people regarding ... more Newspapers are considered the important platforms to mobilise and sensitise the people regarding different social issues. The issues of the women, their rights and atrocities meted out against them, need to be raised in various forums including the newspapers. This study is aimed at understanding news media's agenda on issues related to women with specific reference to sexual violence meted out against them. To analyse the coverage of the issues relating to sexual violence against women, two mainstream national English dailies. The Indian Express and The Times of India were purposively chosen. The systematic random sampling technique was employed to select the contents published in the newspapers between 01 January to 30 June 2017. It was revealed that the newspapers had given more prominence to negative aspects of women's issues and presented their image as a consumable product. There has been a little variance in tonality and resonance of reporting between the two newspapers under study. The findings also reveal that there are numerous incidents of sexual harassment against women to which the newspapers paid scant attention and it seems that they are not in the news agenda. Most of the times, the news stories pertaining to women's rights were presented in negative frames.

Keywords: Women’s Rights, Content Analysis, Framing, The Times of India, The Indian Express, Sexual Violence

Research paper thumbnail of Press Coverage on Human Rights Violations: Case Study of 'The Hindu'

Mass Communicator , 2019

Newspapers are the ultimate tool to conscientise the readers about their rights and construct the... more Newspapers are the ultimate tool to conscientise the readers about their rights and construct their slanting towards different human rights violations. In a parliamentary democracy like India, newspapers play the role of the watchdog and gatekeepers. As mediators of contemporary society, news media set the agenda on different issues and influence the public about their rights and responsibilities. The present study is aimed at analysing the newspaper’s content by applying frame analysis technique. A sample of 46 newspapers of The Hindu from 01 January to 30 June 2017 pertaining to human rights issues were studied by applying systematic random sampling mechanism. The content analysis indicated pervasiveness of the incidents of human rights violations covered by The Hindu. A few news items portraying positive aspects of human rights were also covered during the period under study. Though, more responsible depiction of human rights issues is required to publish in the newspaper; yet the selected newspaper tried to spread a sense of consciousness in its readers through covering good number of stories related to human rights. The placement of news items, quantum of prominence and proximity level fastened with these stories was thoroughly examined.

Keywords: Human Rights, Content Analysis, News Framing, Human Rights News, The Hindu, Placement, Prominence, Proximity

Research paper thumbnail of Eco-friendly Women Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas: A Paradigm Shift for Societal Uplift

Jaipuria International Journal of Management Research , 2019

Today, the discourse of entrepreneurship seems to have changed with the inception of eco-friendly... more Today, the discourse of entrepreneurship seems to have changed with the inception of eco-friendly women entrepreneurship in rural areas which proved as a panacea for societal development. In a patriarchal society, a man still remains doubtful about women’s ability to be a good entrepreneur in spite of the fact that women appear to be more psychologically flexible and have a diplomatic administrative way of working. Village women are often equipped with artisan skills, albeit they struggle to become economically self-reliant. Multitasking is another virtue of women as they can execute various tasks at the same time; thus, women seem to be more productive than men. This paper is intended to provide an understanding of the paradigm shift in rural areas of the country in terms of theoretical amalgamation of the conventionally accepted capitalist, corporate or business-oriented entrepreneurship and eco-friendly women entrepreneurship where women entrepreneurs leave indelible marks for societal development in agrarian sectors and so forth. Entrepreneurship is a key element through which rural economic development can be achieved. The paper tried to reveal the impact of eco-friendly women entrepreneurship on rural areas for the alleviation of penury of the villagers, especially in agriculture sectors and domestic affairs, with the attempt to address the issues related to farmers, workers, daily wagers, etc.

Keywords: Eco-friendly Entrepreneurship, Rural Development, Women Entrepreneurs, Sustainability, Agrarian Sector, Farmers

Research paper thumbnail of Qualitative Framing Analysis on Women's Issues: The Case Study of The Hindu

Arts and Humanities Open Access Journal, 2019

The treatment given to women’s issues in newspapers gained wide attention these days. The coverag... more The treatment given to women’s issues in newspapers gained wide attention these days. The coverage of issues pertaining to women’s rights and violations have attained a new significance in mainstream English dailies. In a male-dominated and patriarchal society, women deem fit to have been relegated to secondary positions both in professional and domestic surroundings. The newspaper readers judge the status of women in society through the words, facts, and materials incorporated by the newspapers. This paper is an attempt to qualitatively analyze the framing of news from a women’s rights paradigm as covered by the newspapers under study. The framing analysis of the selected pieces of the news items covered by the identified newspaper shows that the press seems to have covered the issues related to women and atrocities meted against them, but the portrayal of women appears to have been sensational and captivating as a whole. The exploration of women’s achievements in multiple fields viz. financial stability, women entrepreneurship, women’s self-help groups, etc. need to be highlighted by the newspapers rather depicting them as a consumable object and showcasing their beauty rather professing their strength.

Keywords: Women’s Rights, Framing Analysis, Qualitative Analysis, The Hindu

Research paper thumbnail of Newspaper Coverage on Human Rights Issues: A Comparative Study of The Times of India and The Indian Express

Indian Journal of Communication Review, 2019

The newspapers play a crucial role in creating awareness and raising consciousness among the read... more The newspapers play a crucial role in creating awareness and raising consciousness among the readers about their political, social and economic rights. As mediators in contemporary society, news media set the agenda on different issues and influence public opinion. The study intended to analyse the human rights issues covered by newspapers by employing the content analysis technique. The contents of The Times of India and The Indian Express from 01 January to 30 June 2017 relating to human rights issues were taken by applying systematic random sampling mechanism. The outcome of the study indicated pervasiveness of the incidents of human rights violations covered by The Times of India as well as The Indian Express. The papers also covered a few news items portraying positive aspects of human rights during the study period. Overall the
newspapers understudy tried to build consciousness about human rights in its readers by including a good number of stories related to the issues.

Keywords: Human Rights, Content Analysis, News, The Hindu, The Indian Express

Research paper thumbnail of Public Perception of Aamir Khan as a Film Personality: A Survey

Journal of Advanced Research in Journalism and Mass Communication, 2019

Aamir Khan is considered one of the multitalented, proficient and multitasking actors of Bollywoo... more Aamir Khan is considered one of the multitalented, proficient and multitasking actors of Bollywood. Aamir Khan’s movies lend valuable impact on cinemagoers minds as they tend to inculcate a feeling for societal, mental, emotional and individual reform in society. Least studies have been conducted on Aamir Khan and his movies. This study is based upon a questionnaire survey on postgraduate students of Aligarh Muslim University. It consists of the statement spread over various aspects of Aamir Khan as a film personality. A closed-ended questionnaire was structured and a total of 250 students participated in the study. The respondents tried to judiciously put opinion on multiple strands of Aamir Khan’s persona as a noted actor of Bollywood. Based on the survey study of Aamir Khan, the researcher made an attempt to diagnose the knowledge and acceptance of Aamir Khan and his movies among university goers. The researcher tried to inspect the multifaceted, multidimensional and multiskilled narrative about Aamir Khan by highlighting the stories of various aspects of the society in his films. The outcome of the research study presents that a congenial, beguiling and resuscitating characteristics are vehemently depicted in his movies. Moreover, the study showcases that the evergreen, highly spirited and message-oriented features are predominantly scattered in most of his movies containing critically acclaimed themes, direction and cinematography.

Research paper thumbnail of Constitutionalization of Justice and Human Rights in India: Prospects and Challenges

International Journal of Creative and Innovative Research in All Studies, 2019

The enshrinement of a powerful legal framework encompasses Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) an... more The enshrinement of a powerful legal framework encompasses Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and help develop the socioeconomic and political status of the citizens of the country. As India is a signatory to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the Constitution of India sowed seeds of social, economic, and political justice to be enjoyed by the poor and rich alike after decades of subjugation by Britishers. In a free India, the Constitution has provided legal frameworks to the citizens for the establishment of an egalitarian society. Further, the Constitution gives equal opportunity to all individuals in a society without any discrimination on the basis of religion, caste, creed, colour, group, sex, ethnicity or language. In a democracy like India the sustainable development goals can only be achieved by sustaining human rights of all individuals and strengthening the social, economic, political, and cultural fabric of the nation. But, the socioeconomic and political rights seem to have diluted these days in terms of the curtailment of freedom of speech and expression as well as blatant human rights contraventions. The sociology of justice appears to be viewed in a religious angle due to the prevailing state protected lawlessness across the country. To my mind, the judicial remedy is a panacea for all social ailments. The present paper attempts to discuss the condition of the human rights and the Constitutionalization of Justice in the country. The study also focused to get the answer whether the human rights infringements have vitiated the multi-dimensional social, cultural, and religious anatomy of the nation. The paper concludes the discourse by endorsing that the Constitution guaranteed to secure the fundamental rights of all communities but judicial remedy and justice for all still seems to be a hallucination even after seventy years of independence.

Keyword: Human Rights, Indian Constitution, Sustainable Development Goals, Constitutionalization of Justice

Research paper thumbnail of A Critical Analysis of Bollywood Actor Aamir Khan’s Selected Movies

International Journal of Media, Journalism and Mass Communications (IJMJMC) , 2019

Movies are rollercoaster voyage having stunning persuasion and exhortation to entertain the view... more Movies are rollercoaster voyage having stunning persuasion and exhortation to entertain the viewers. Movies leave invigorating and rejuvenating impact on cinemagoers’ minds as they can be retrieved and replayed time and again. As far as Bollywood film actor Aamir Khan’s movies is concerned, it can be an essential ingredient and catalyst to bring about a methodical social change. In other words, Aamir Khan’s movies seem to be a testament to societal reform in the country. Very few studies have been undertaken on Aamir Khan’s movies, and on the inescapable messages contained in his movies. The key objective of this paper is to acknowledge the different roles played by Aamir Khan in his movies and analyse the treatment given to the contents in these selected movies. Based on the study of three selected films of Aamir Khan, the researcher made an attempt to diagnose the socio cultural elements scattered in these movies. These movies were willingly selected as AndazApnaApna – a comedy movie, Raja Hindustani – a romantic movie, and Ghulam – a playback singer movie with the intention to go through the multiple aspects in corporated in these movies. The researcher seeks to explore the multifaceted, multidimensional and multi skilled narrative about Aamir Khan by highlighting the stories of various aspects of the society in his films. The outcome of the research study reveals that entertaining, appealing, and captivating features are vigorously portrayed in these movies. Further, the study shows that the beguile, humorous and witty aspects found prominence encompassing dissimilar and divergent communication threads in these three selected movies under study.

Keywords: Hindi Movies, Aamir Khan, Critical Analysis, Multidimensional Films, Comedy, Romance, Playback Singer.

Research paper thumbnail of Versatility Thy Name is Aamir Khan: Thematic Study of Three Selected Films

International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah , 2019

Hindi cinema has acquired a universal identity in Indian society as it is one of the most popular... more Hindi cinema has acquired a universal identity in Indian society as it is one of the most popular forms of entertainment, education and information in India. As purveyor of entertainment, Bollywood has provided a platform to many actors to flourish their talents as an actor. As far as Aamir Khan is concerned, acting is the life, blood, and soul of Aamir Khan. The way he portrays various characters in his movies, make him a perfect actor of versatile genre. Less studies have been conducted on Aamir Khan and his movies, and on the versatile portrayal of Aamir Khan contained in his movies. The purpose of this paper is to understand the versatile characteristics played by Aamir Khan in his movies. The present paper makes an attempt to critically analyse the three movies of different genres of Aamir Khan. These movies were purposively selected as Lagaan-a patriotic, productional and nostalgic movie, Rang De Basanti-a revolutionary, nationalistic and rebellious movie, and Taare Zameen Par-an inspirational, experimental and directorial movie, on account of their distinguishing stories. As the selected films etched a niche in the hearts and minds of cinemagoers and movie viewers due to their innovative stories and splendid cinematography, the thematic analysis was undertaken. It has been found from the study that message-oriented aspects depicted in these movies. Further, the informative, inspirational, patriotic, reformative, and revolutionary characteristics predominantly glimpsed in his movies. The versatile characteristics of Aamir Khan was also meticulously scrutinized. It has been found after having a critical analysis that Aamir Khan has versatile characteristics as depicted in these three selected movies under study.

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding News Media Agenda on Human Rights: The Case Study of The Hindu

International Journal of Advance and Innovative Research , 2018

ABSTRACT The news media play a key role in sensitizing people about human rights issues and influ... more ABSTRACT The news media play a key role in sensitizing people about human rights issues and influence shaping public opinion. As gatekeepers, negotiators and custodians of democracy, newspapers create awareness among the public about their rights and responsibilities. This study was conducted to assess news media’s agenda on human rights issues. For the purpose, content analysis as well as framing technique has been used. In order to understand news media agenda, the Hindu newspaper as a case study was taken and systematic random sampling method was employed to choose the contents of newspapers between 01 January to 30 June 2017. The frame of presentation of news in newspapers is of vital importance as it directly affects people’s way of thinking. To analyse the news relevant to human rights issues seven frames were proposed–media referential, pragmatic, prognostic, victim, oppressor, sensational and media trial. The findings reveal that there are so many incidents of human rights violations to which media give scant attention and they are not in the news agenda. Most of the time, the stories relevant to human rights were presented in negative frames.

Keywords: Human Rights, Content Analysis, Framing, News, The Hindu, Agenda Setting

Research paper thumbnail of Gatekeepers’ Gatekeeping Role Towards Upholding Human Rights: A Comparative Study of The Times of India & The Indian Express

International Journal of Communication and Media Studies (IJCMS), 2018

In the contemporary world, news media provides an important platform where people raise different... more In the contemporary world, news media provides an important platform where people raise different issues of their concern. The issues of the men and women, their rights and atrocities meted out against them, needs to be raised in various forums including the newspapers. This study is aimed at analyzing the newspaper coverage and understanding gatekeeper's gate keeping role towards upholding human rights of the people. To analyze the coverage of the issues relating to human rights, two mainstream national English dailies: The Times of India and The Indian Express were purposively chosen. The systematic random sampling technique was employed to select the contents of the newspapers between 01 January to 30 June 2017. Further, the study examines the existing frames in the news narrative of human rights issues through the frame analysis technique. It was revealed that the newspapers under study provided adequate coverage to human rights issues; but most of the times, the news stories pertaining to human rights were presented in negative frames. There has been a little variance in tonality and resonance of reporting between two newspapers under study. The findings also reveal that there were numerous incidents of human rights violations in the society to which the newspapers under study paid scant attention and it seems that they are not on the news agenda

KEYWORDS: Human Rights, Content Analysis, Framing, The Times of India, The Indian Express, Gatekeepers, Gatekeeping Role

Research paper thumbnail of News Media Coverage on Human Rights Issues: Comparative Analysis of The Times of India and The Hindu

Journal of Knowledge & Communication Management , 2018

The media is a powerful tool to reform the society as it creates consciousness among the people r... more The media is a powerful tool to reform the society as it creates consciousness among the people regarding their rights and responsibilities. In a democratic country, media is essentially reckoned as an ombudsman, protector and agenda setter. In other words, media can ensure that the voices of the marginalised sections of the society be heard by governments. Although news media organisations can cover limited number of issues related to human rights violations due to the organisational limitations and predetermined ideological tone of their respective organisations, the crucial role played by them in creating consciousness among people cannot be underestimated. As soon as print media give priority to news items related to human rights, it gets fomented and becomes the issue of public interest. Keeping in mind the importance of the media agenda, it has been attempted in the present study to investigate, understand and describe the content of various issues relevant to human rights in two mainstream National English dailies-The Hindu and The Times of India. Further, the study explores the existing frames in the news discourse through framing analysis technique. It is found that newspapers under study given more emphasis on negative aspects of human rights related issues. However, there has been a slight difference in tone of reporting between two newspapers under study while covering news related to human rights violations.

Keywords: Human rights, Content analysis, News frames, News media, Frame analysis

Research paper thumbnail of Gauging Viewership Patterns and Engagement Levels of Malayalam Political Satire Shows

Ishal Paithrkam, published by Mahakavi Moyinkutty Vaidyar Mappila Kala Academy, Kondotty, under the auspices of the Department of Cultural Affairs, Government of Kerala, 2023

This study is aimed at exploring audience engagement with Malayalam television political satire s... more This study is aimed at exploring audience engagement with Malayalam television political satire shows through applying quantitative research methodology. The researchers have adopted purposive sampling technique and collected samples from the premises of Calicut University, Kerala, India. A total of 120 respondents participated in the study. The findings revealed that the audience's frequency of watching political satire shows was positively correlated with their engagement with the content, particularly in terms of their attention to the political issues highlighted in the shows. The results also indicated that the audience's demographic characteristics, including age, gender, and political affiliation, played a significant role in their engagement with political satire shows. Moreover, the study found that the audience's media consumption patterns, such as their use of social media platforms, significantly influenced their engagement with political satire shows.

Research paper thumbnail of Role of Social Media Influencers in Lifestyle Assumption by its Users: A Survey Study

Edited Book: New Media Lanscape and Dimensions: An Indian Perspective, 2023

The present study is an attempt to understand the impact of social media influencers on lifestyle... more The present study is an attempt to understand the impact of social media influencers on lifestyle adoption of the audience. Further, the researchers tried to understand the audience’s pattern in terms of adoption of lifestyle, choice of social media platforms, and genre of content. In addition, the research is conducted to study the audience’s attitudinal, behavioural and cognitive phenomena due to social media influencers. To study the quantum of influence an audience perceives from social media influencers, purposive random sampling is taken into consideration while collecting data as it judiciously represents the population. A total of 142, 78 female and 64 males, respondents participated in the survey. The study revealed that most of the users were inspired by social media influencers and the users got influenced by social issues accordingly. Likewise, the study also found out that the product and brand promotion strategies used by social media influencers had a significant impact on the audience for the adoption of lifestyle. Moreover, it also came to know that social media influencers play an important role in influencing audience lifestyle adoption in multiple ways.

Research paper thumbnail of Audience Engagement with Malayalam Television Political Satire Shows: A Qualitative Study

Journal of Communication and Management

Satire is a sword that keeps the audience alert and involved in recent political developments whe... more Satire is a sword that keeps the audience alert and involved in recent political developments when other forms of traditional media have failed to communicate politics effectively. This qualitative study was done among the people who watch Malayalam political satire shows. This study attempts to throw light on the viewing habits of selected satirical programs in Malayalam news channels. The present study is intended to examine political satire shows’ credibility and trustworthiness. The samples are collected using the purposive sampling method; qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted to strengthen the research objective. Most respondents said that they chose satire to gain information through fun. They also admitted that satirical shows are sources of political information. This study employed uses gratification theory, third-person effect, and agenda-setting theory to explain the reason for choosing political satire.

Research paper thumbnail of Childrens’ Privacy and Vulnerability Issues encapsulated in the Contents of Metaverse: An Exploratory Study

Studies in Humanities & Social Sciences (SH&SS), 2023

The metaverse is a collection of every virtual world built using block chain technology. Metavers... more The metaverse is a collection of every virtual world built using block chain technology. Metaverse can be a gaming planet or NFT's or gaming galleries, curated lands, or digital streets. It is the aggregate of the new digital spaces that people are calling in the next generation of the internet. The present study attempts to investigate the vulnerabilities and privacy concerns of children encapsulated in the Metaverse. The researchers applied in-depth interview technique to get acquainted with multiple aspects related to the complexities involved in metaverse. As it is a pioneering study of futuristic technology, there are least studies available on the topic. Therefore, researchers took insights of two technical experts that greatly enriched the present study to conduct qualitative content analysis. Further, after applying qualitative content analysis tools to analyse the texts, images, visuals, and oral materials, the researchers found that due to being a futuristic study, there remains certain limitations and the amount of data seems to be comparatively low. There seems to be privacy and security issues surrounding the virtual world of Metaverse. The study found that children are the ones who are supposed to be most affected sufferers of metaverse and if no precautions, security measures, or any other safety measures are applied it would be a threat to the children.