Ajay Thakur - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Ajay Thakur

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2019

International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 2017

Increasing world energy demand is resulting in degradation of environment causing global warming,... more Increasing world energy demand is resulting in degradation of environment causing global warming, ozone layer depletion, climate change and exhaustion of our nonrenewable energy resources. This paper reviews different studies about energy consumption in residential buildings and different variables influencing the energy consumption. This paper also reviews the potential and challenges uprooting in the usage of renewable energy sources. The payback period in a residential building varied from 213 days to 502 days for 3BHK dwelling and 213 days to 556 days for 2BHK Dwelling if various appliances are replaced with energy efficient ones. Replacing the lighting appliances came out to be most economical in respect of the consumer, while if TV, Fan and Light are replaced, the initial cost increases but reduction in energy consumption is considerable. This study shows retrofitting of old buildings, energy conservative behavior of occupants, motivating and educating people for the use of renewable energy sources and use of energy efficient appliances are found to be the most efficient steps to reduce overall energy consumption by residential building sector.

We have seen various occasions where different performance characteristics of concrete in a struc... more We have seen various occasions where different performance characteristics of concrete in a structure are tested. In mostly cases, an estimate of strength of concrete in the structure is needed, other aspects like overall quality, uniformity etc. also becomes important in others. At present the direct test used mainly as a basis of quality control is compression testing of cubes, cylinders etc. and it represents the potential strength of the concrete used in the structure. The main parameters determining the qualities of concrete are its composition of mix, degree of compaction and curing. However, the methods of compaction and curing usually are different for the cubes and the structural members as quality control in laboratory is better that quality control in field. Due to this variation in quality control, results obtained on cubes may not truly represent the quality of concrete in the structure. Hence the use of Non-Destructive Testing on the newly constructed structure becomes...

If we talk about construction, concrete is the most widely used material. It is estimated that th... more If we talk about construction, concrete is the most widely used material. It is estimated that the present consumption of concrete in the world is of the order of 10 billion tones every year. The word "concrete originally comes from the Latin verb 'concretus' which means to grow together. It is a composite material. Concrete is artificial stone made of Portland cement, coarse aggregates and fine aggregates and water. Aggregates are 65% -80% of the volume of the concrete [1]. Fine Sand, gravel and crushed stone are the primary aggregates used in mixing of concrete. This involves natural resources like aggregate and water. Various types of raw materials, e.g. stone slurry (SS), fly ash, marble dust, silica, sugarcane ash, rice husk ash, bottom ash, silica fume etc. can be used to produce concrete at lower cost.

Waste reduction techniques are focussed on utilising industrial and agricultural waste. This wast... more Waste reduction techniques are focussed on utilising industrial and agricultural waste. This waste utilisation should not only be economical but also helps in sustainable development. There has been a lot of emphasis on sustainable development over the years with much focus on reduction of environmental impacts and utilization of wastes. Researchers have been trying to find replacement to cement in concrete considering the environmental impactcement manufacturing units cause by carbon dioxide emissions. Numerous industrial and agricultural wastes have been brought up to be effective eco-friendly binders. Sugarcane bagasse is one of the most important industrial waste products produced in India, and it is available as a result of burning cane sugarcane boiling at very high temperatures. This widely available ash contains amorphous silica, so it can be replaced with concrete. In this study, solid ash from M20grade concrete is applied by adding 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% by weight. Prepared ...

The main thrust of the investigation is to evaluate SS and RA obtained from field operation. Huge... more The main thrust of the investigation is to evaluate SS and RA obtained from field operation. Huge amounts of stone slurry (SS) waste are generated every year as a by-product of cutting stones and tiles quarries. The accumulation of SS waste is creating an environmental anxiety since this material is very fine and can penetrate and pollute the groundwater. The investigation is an effort to use the waste from the stone cutting block and demolition of concrete structures. The SS obtained from polishing and cutting of the stone can be used as partial replacement of cement. The concrete obtained from the demolition waste can be used to produce aggregate which in turn can be used for making new concrete of acceptable quality.

Allelic data of cross-transferable SSRs in the present investigation. (DOCX 12Â kb)

Wound healing is an important biological process involving tissue repair and regeneration that re... more Wound healing is an important biological process involving tissue repair and regeneration that results in restoration of tissue integrity. The present study was undertaken in Sprague dawley male rats to evaluate the healing efficacy of leaf extract of H. rhaminoides (HR) and compared to reference control (Povidine iodine) and placebo control (Propylene glycol) using full thickness excised wound model. Animals were divided into three groups and were applied Propylene glycol, Povidine iodine solution, 1% (w/w) HR leaf extract once daily on the 4mm and 8mm full thickness excised wounds. Percentage wound contraction measured after every 2 days interval revealed that HR had significantly (P<0.05) faster reduction in wound on day 2, 4, 6, 8 in comparison to other groups. HR showed significant anti-inflammatory response, angiogenesis and proliferation of the fibroblast maturation. The histological examination confirmed superior healing efficacy of the HR. H. rhaminoides leaf extract was...

To evaluate the effectiveness of modulated frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation ... more To evaluate the effectiveness of modulated frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on relieving pain after abdominal surgery. The study population was those who underwent abdominal surgery. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups (treated with frequency modulated TENS and placebo TENS). Both the groups were treated with the usual analgesic routine. The subjects received the treatments for 30 minutes at every time and each subject will be assessed 5 consecutive days. Per day the subject received treatment twice daily after 4 and 8 hours of post surgery. Pain was evaluated using a standard 11-point visual analog scale (VAS) before the application of TENS and after application of TENS (24, 48, 72, 96, and 120) post operative hours. The study population comprised of 60 subjects aged between 25 to 50 years. To evaluate the effectiveness of modulated frequency VAS was measured five times and compared between the experimental and control group. There was a d...

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2021

Meliaceae is also known as Mahogany family. It is a huge family containing 49–50 genera and 620 s... more Meliaceae is also known as Mahogany family. It is a huge family containing 49–50 genera and 620 species, spread in pan-tropical area escalating to temperate zone. In India it amounts to 20 genera and 70 species (Mabberley et al., 2007). The majority of the members of the family are shrubs and big trees such as Cedrela toona, Chloroxylon, Azadirachta indica, Swietenia mahogani, Carapaobovata etc. Various members of the family are extensively used for timber, fruits, shade and medicinal values. A large number of biologically active compounds have also been identified from family meliaceae (Mabberley et al., 1995). The most important and most researched tree of this family is Neem, Azadirachta indica which also belongs to sub-family Meloideae and tribe Melieae (Thakkar 1997). It is also known as Margosa or Indian lilac, commonly. It is a fast-growing evergreen tree (Pingale 2010). For 4000 or more years, it is being utilized in the ayurvedic medicines owing to its plethora of medicinal...

Materials Today: Proceedings, 2021

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 2021

Objectives To describe the intensive care needs and outcome of multisystem inflammatory syndrome ... more Objectives To describe the intensive care needs and outcome of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Methodology This retrospective study was conducted in the pediatric emergency, pediatric intensive care unit (PICUs) and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) hospital of a tertiary teaching and referral hospital in North India over a period of 5 months (September 2020 to January 2021). Clinical details, laboratory investigations, intensive care needs, treatment and short-term outcome were recorded. Results Forty children with median interquartile range age of 7 (5–10) years were enrolled. The common clinical features were fever (97.5%), mucocutaneous involvement (80%), abdominal (72.5%) and respiratory (50%) symptoms. Shock was noted in 80% children. Most cases (85%) required PICU admission where they received nasal prong oxygen (40%), non-invasive (22.5%) and invasive (22.5%) ventilation and vasoactive drug support (72.5%). The confirmation of severe acute respir...

Cureus, 2020

Background: Posterior-stabilized (PS) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) poses problems such as the ne... more Background: Posterior-stabilized (PS) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) poses problems such as the need for intercondylar notch bone resection as well as cam and post wear and patella clunk. Owing to its heightened anterior profile, an ultracongruent polyethylene insert prevents the excessive posterior translation of tibia in the case of a deficient or scarified posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). This study aimed to determine whether an ultracongruent insert provides satisfactory clinical and functional outcomes and midterm survival benefits. Methods: Based on the reviewed medical records of 200 patients, 240 primary TKA cases involving the use of Sigma Curved Plus (DePuy International, Ltd., Leeds, UK) ultracongruent insert were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Follow-up data were used to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes and to conduct a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results: The mean follow-up duration for 224 knees was 5.8 years (range 5-6.5 years). A revision was made due to infection in two patients and due to periprosthetic fractures in two other patients. The mean knee flexion improved from 101.97° ± 9.43° (range 85°-125°) to 125.75° ± 9.58° (range 100°-140°) at the final follow-up. The mean Knee Society score improved from 43.1 ± 9.76 to 88.3 ± 3.2, and the function score improved from 44.95 ± 7.26 to 90.16 ± 3.71. None of the patients showed radiographic loosening of either insert component, but 22 (5%) patients showed radiolucent lines (<2 mm). The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the five-year survival of the insert with an endpoint of revision for any reason was 98.1% (confidence interval, CI, 95.7-99.6%). Conclusion: The Sigma Curved Plus insert showed a low failure rate with good clinical, functional, and midterm survival outcomes in comparison to standard outcomes reported in earlier studies. Further followup studies are warranted to determine whether the insert's performance is maintained in the long term.

International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research, 2018

Background: The cryotherapy is one of the short terms benefit producing physiotherapeutic interve... more Background: The cryotherapy is one of the short terms benefit producing physiotherapeutic intervention on spasticity in neurological patients. Task oriented training (TOT) is used to facilitate functional control and overcome disability in hemiplegic cerebral palsy children (HCP). Objectives of the study: to find out the effectiveness of cryotherapy with task oriented training in improving upper limb sensory function in HCP children. Methods: This is a single group study design, included 30 diagnosed case of hemiplegic cerebral palsy children and undergone cryotherapy with task oriented training for 8 weeks. The outcome measures were modified Tardieu's scale (MTS), tactile registration and quality of upper extremity skill test (QUEST). All the measures were taken before the intervention for pretest, and posttest at the end of 2 nd month. Results: reduction of shoulder adductor and elbow flexor spasticity in MTS, improvement in tactile registration function in Semmes-Weinstien monofilament and increment in grasp function in QUEST scale were statistically significant at p<0.05 level. Conclusion: the cryotherapy combined with task oriented training effective to improve upper limb function in HCP children but it requires further study to explore the intervention efficacy.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2018

Introduction: Dry-Needling (DN) induced muscle soreness is a common adverse event that takes plac... more Introduction: Dry-Needling (DN) induced muscle soreness is a common adverse event that takes place in almost majority of patients who received deep dry needling treatment. The effect of soreness on clinical outcomes has not been evidenced in the existing literature. Aim: To evaluate the correlation between the deep dry-needling induced muscle soreness and severity of shoulder pain in patients with myofascial pain. Materials and Methods: Seventy six participants in the age group of 30 to 60 years with Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrP) in the shoulder girdle muscles were treated with 10-12 minutes of deep dry needling. Shoulder pain severity was assessed at baseline prior to dry needling and 48 hours after dry needling using 0-10 cm Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The severity of muscle soreness was assessed immediately after dry needling, at 24 hours and 48 hours after the deep dry needling. Correlation between the shoulder pain and muscle soreness was analysed using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Result: A significant reduction of shoulder pain was observed at 48 hours (Median VAS: 7 at Baseline, 3 at 48 hours, and Median difference = 4, IQR = 2-3) after the dry needling. No significant correlation was observed between the original pain severity and needle induced muscle soreness at 24 hours (rho =-.218, p = 0.059) and 48 hours (rho =-.170, p=0.143). Conclusion: Based on the result, we conclude that there is no significant correlation between the dry-needling induced muscle soreness and shoulder pain severity among the patients who received deep dry-needling for myofascial pain. We also suggest that dry-needling induced muscle soreness has no adverse effect on the shoulder pain severity post deep trigger point dry needling.

Tropical Doctor, 2019

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP) is an uncommon cause of respiratory distress. The practice of oi... more Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP) is an uncommon cause of respiratory distress. The practice of oil massage and oil instillation into the nostrils is common in the Indian subcontinent. Accidental aspiration of baby oil may lead to significant chemical pneumonitis. This presentation may vary from subtle to severe respiratory distress requiring intensive care management. Spontaneous air leaks are rare in acute ELP. We successfully managed a six-month-old girl presenting with mineral oil-induced ELP and air leaks. However, these children require long-term follow-up, as a small proportion may evolve into chronic lung disease.

IJARCCE, 2017

With the increase of economical behavior and the upgrade of living standard of people, the ratio ... more With the increase of economical behavior and the upgrade of living standard of people, the ratio of people in India who own cars and motorcycles have recently increased giving a boost to Metropolitan Traffic. Therefore, Now a days parking issues will be a big challenge to facilitate traffic network and ensure the urban life quality. Searching for parking space in most metropolitan area"s, especially during the rush hours, is difficult for the drivers. The difficulty arises from not knowing where the available spaces may be at that time or not ; even if known, many vehicles like two wheeler and four wheeler may pursue very limited parking spaces to cause serious traffic congestion. In this paper, we design and implement a prototype of Andriod Base Smart Parking System based on Reservation that allows drivers to effectively find the car parking in particular area and reserve the vacant parking spaces. By periodically learning the parking status from the host parking database management in parking lot, the reservation service is affected by the change of physical parking status. The drivers are allow to access this cyber-physical system with their personal communication device. Furthermore, we study state-of-the-art parking policies in the smart parking systems and compare their performance. The experiment results show that the proposed reservation-based parking policy has the potential to simplify the operations of parking systems, as well as traffic congestion caused by parking searching.