Ajlan Al-Ajlan - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Ajlan Al-Ajlan

I declare that this thesis was composed by myself, that the work contained herein is my own excep... more I declare that this thesis was composed by myself, that the work contained herein is my own except where explicitly stated otherwise in the text, and that this work has not been submitted for any other degree or professional qualification except as specified. This work is original work undertaken by me for the degree of Doctor of Philos-ophy, at De Montfort University, United Kingdom. This thesis is written by me and produced using LATEX. ii iii Dedication I would like to dedicate this thesis to my mother (Helleh Mohammed Al-Ajlan) and my beloved wife (Sameyah Ali Al-Sallal) and to my children Suliman, Ria, and Abdulsalam.

E-learning has progressed through a number of stages and transformations over the last twenty or ... more E-learning has progressed through a number of stages and transformations over the last twenty or thirty years. It is an umbrella term representing a continuum of educational technology integration. It offers with the supplemental the use of technology in the classroom, through hybrid uses comprising a mix of face-to-face and fully online instruction, to fully online synchronous and asynchronous distance learning environments, to be delivered to remote learners. This project sets out to provide a comparison on different features of e-learning in the Western and the Eastern side. The cooperation carried out by using questionnaire that has been used as a tool to collect data on e-learning to fill a clear information gap about how it is developing and people's opinions of it in the Western and the Eastern side to provide some understanding into the state of exact directions of e-learning in both sides.

2009 International Conference on Computer Engineering & Systems, 2009

Web Services Technology, as a Distributed Computing System, is the next thread in the development... more Web Services Technology, as a Distributed Computing System, is the next thread in the development of the Internet; it allows active objects to be located on websites, offering distributed services to potential clients. The most crucial benefit of web services is interaction machine-to-machine. Web services allow applications to be integrated more quickly, easily and cheaply. Web services provide interoperation between different software applications and object-oriented programming languages, running on many platforms. The object-oriented programming languages, which are being used by students, teachers and professionals, have been designed and rapidly promoted by their developers, researchers and interested companies. So, in this paper we will focus on the principles of differentiating between object-oriented programming languages by comparing their criteria and features. The main point of this article is to compare, analyse, explore, investigate and discuss the issues and measurements of these languages, which have proven to be a powerful resource in assisting humans in many and various applications. In addition, we show the capabilities of these languages; this should help those trying to appreciate their technical differences and similarities.

Because of the growing reliance that corporations and government agencies place on their computer... more Because of the growing reliance that corporations and government agencies place on their computer networks, the significance of defending these systems from attack cannot be underestimated. Computer security and forensics are crucial in protecting systems from attack or from unauthorized access that might have undesirable consequences, and can help to ensure that a network infrastructure will remain integrated and survive. The use of high quality techniques within a system will provide a better protected system, and will offer clues that might help in any criminal investigation. Techniques such as artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic, and evolutionary computing can be used to help deal with issues associated with computer security and forensics. This paper concentrates on the use of neural networks, fuzzy logic, and evolutionary computation in computer security and forensics. It also examines the hybrids of these three techniques, and considers how they can be applied to computer security and forensics.

Using Internet to enhance e-learning has become a trend in modern higher education institutes. Vi... more Using Internet to enhance e-learning has become a trend in modern higher education institutes. Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) systems are increasingly becoming a significant part of the strategy for delivering online and flexible e-learning. Therefore, Web services as an example of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) are still not generally accessible for academic institutes and will support VLEs as an integration of software applications in an incremental way, using existing platforms and languages that utilize and adopt existing legacy systems. Developers have developed VLEs services and they are continued to be adopted by some scientific projects. Nowadays, there is an increasing demand for methodologies and technologies, especially, for VLEs. Web Services Selection (WSS) involves discovering a set of semantically equivalent services by filtering a number of available services based on service metadata, and selecting an optimal service based on real-time during previous exe...

Using the Internet to enhance e-learning has become a trend in modern higher education institutes... more Using the Internet to enhance e-learning has become a trend in modern higher education institutes. E-learning platforms are increasingly becoming a significant part of the strategy for delivering online and flexible e-learning. The advance of the multimedia learning depends mainly on the development of the information technology. Recently, technological capabilities of the multimedia are in the exact meaning of the express incredible.Therefor, this paper will propose a new approach of Interactive Multimedia for Effictive e-learning for Media Programming, that is combines pedagogical strategies with the external and internal factors of e-learning environments for using interactive media. The main aim of this paper is to critically evaluate the framework to assess the effectiveness of programming existing fused media in e-learning environments and to investigate the impact of pedagogical for design and deliver a fused media that can be used by creative media designers and producers fo...

Measuring the evolution of any system, whether commercial or non-commercial, is important if the ... more Measuring the evolution of any system, whether commercial or non-commercial, is important if the advantages and disadvantages of systems are to be determined. For that reason, the most important challenges are the continuously changing environment in which FOSS operates and its relationship with commercial software. This paper therefore measured the evolution of FOSS in relation to Moodle and Magento software and examined and monitored this using metric technology. It has made a compression between the rate of change of four metrics between Moodle and Magento systems. In addition, Lehman’s laws were used to observe and support the scale of the evolution. Moreover, Project Code Metrics were used to measure nine versions of Moodle and four versions of Magento as a case study.

Moodle is a considered vital e-learning tool at the Computer College, and for many courses at Qas... more Moodle is a considered vital e-learning tool at the Computer College, and for many courses at Qassim University. Previous to its implementation, there were many difficulties relating to course management, such as finding suitable times for all students to participate in tests, checking answers, giving feedback to the students as soon as possible, organizing registration for courses, providing course materials and delivering faculty announcements. In this paper, 71% of students studying Introduction to Information Systems at Qassim University were satisfied when using Moodle instead of traditional teaching methods. Additionally, 75% of the Computer College faculty preferred Moodle over traditional teaching methods. The evaluation results for using Moodle revealed its capacity to effectively support and develop an e-learning system to support Qassim University courses. This study offers an opportunity by yielding data on which to base informed decisions. The researchers selected the w...

Technological development has become so manifest in all fields that it is now highly crucial to t... more Technological development has become so manifest in all fields that it is now highly crucial to take it into consideration whenever possible. Such development has resulted in the tremendous amount of information that exists nowadays. Therefore, Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) has become an active area of research and development. Web services as an example of SOA support the integration of software applications in an incremental way, using existing platforms and languages that utilize and adopt existing legacy systems. Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) are one of the emerging domains that require to be extended to SOA. Web Services Selection involves discovering a set of semantically equivalent services by filtering a number of available services based on service metadata, and selecting an optimal service based on realtime during previous executions of a service. The focus of this paper is to analyze the current approach of Web services to satisfy the requirements of web base...

Using the Internet for teaching and learning has become a trend in modern higher education, facil... more Using the Internet for teaching and learning has become a trend in modern higher education, facilitated through the exploitation of advanced computing technologies. Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) applications support online learning over the Internet, and VLEs have thus emerged as e-learning domains that are essential prerequisites in cutting edge design and implementation technologies in education. Service Oriented Computing (SOC), as a novel software development and implementation approach, has become an active area of research and development. Web services, as an example of SOC, support the integration of software applications in an incremental way, using existing platforms and languages that utilize and adopt existing legacy systems. Thus, VLEs should be particularly well suited to Web services through the SOC approach. VLE services is a field subjected to continuous development but VLEs as Web services are still not generally accessible for academic institutions, although t...

Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 2016

This study focuses on interactive multimedia e-learning aims to improve our understanding about t... more This study focuses on interactive multimedia e-learning aims to improve our understanding about the dynamics of e-learning. The objective is to critical evaluate and better understand the interrelationships in the proposed framework between internal, external and the pedagogy dimensions in adoption of interactive multimedia and e-learning. It develops a tool to measure creative user adoption of interactive multimedia and e-learning services by using Partial Least Squares algorithm as the method of estimation and the major analytical tool in this study. Finding of a small scale data sampling of students in United Kingdom indicate that the proposed measurement framework is an acceptable fit with the data. Overall, the findings supply a precise tool for measuring creative user adoption of interactive multimedia and e-learning services, providing further insights for researchers and may provide to guide research and practice in interactive multimedia and e-learning by using communication media.

Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Interaction Sciences Information Technology, Culture and Human - ICIS '09, 2009

Methodologies, Tools and New Developments for E-Learning, 2012

An important resource for higher education, especially universities, is VLE, which has been enhan... more An important resource for higher education, especially universities, is VLE, which has been enhancing students' progress with high quality learning around the world. This section will www.intechopen.com Methodologies, Tools and New Developments for E-Learning 192 propose a suitable e-learning system to consider it as a specific area of study through a comparative study of the most well-known e-learning systems. It is an important to make a comparison study between VLE products to select the suitable one and test it with our approach and also explore their strengths and limitations. This comparative study is in two phases. The first phase is based on the features and capabilities of VLE tools, and the second is based on the technical aspects of the systems of VLEs. 2.1 Comparative study based on features and capabilities of VLE tools VLEs have many features and capabilities such as forums, content management, quizzes with different kinds of questions, and a number of activity modules. Moodle has an additional number of contributed modules, including SCORM WebQuest and the Document Management System (Martin, et al., 2004). In this section, we have selected 10 VLE products, including Moodle, to make comparisons between them, and our first comparison is based on the features and capabilities of VLE tools. I am very thankful to the EduTools website (EduTools, 2006), which lists more than 80 VLE products and has performed a comparison of 42 VLE features and capabilities, as in Table 2. Our comparison focuses on two kinds of products. The first is commercial e-learning systems and comprises Desire2Learn 8.1, ANGEL Learning Management Suite (7.1), TeleTOP Virtual Learning Environment, The Blackboard Learning System (V7) and Scholar360. The second is OSS and comprises LON-CAPA, Sakai 2.3, dotLRN/OpenACS, ATutor 1.5.4 and Moodle 1.8. The comparison has two answers, Y or N. Y means the product has the feature and N means the product does not. Table 4.3 displays information about the ten VLE software packages used in the first comparison. VLE Tools are criteriabased products that enable developers to evaluate and select the best VLE product. No single VLE product can possibly meet all these criteria and may not be the best for interface, technical, functional, or cost reasons. These criteria are described below in Table 2 (Dougiamas, 2011 and Al-Ajlan, et al., 2008).

IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering, 2014

2009 Fifth International Joint Conference on INC, IMS and IDC, 2009

ABSTRACT E-learning in higher education is a developing area for study in modern institution. As ... more ABSTRACT E-learning in higher education is a developing area for study in modern institution. As technology and software advance, e-learning is becoming faster, more reliable, more portable and easier to use. It makes the lives of individual's easier, helping people learn whilst at work or in the home, flexibly and at times that suit them. It also meets corporate objectives for cost effective training and for introducing new procedures quickly. In the generalized e-learning environment, trainers coming from different culture and nations, have different background and need different support for their advance to skill and acquisition of skills. This paper discovers the ways in which cultural background impacts to provide a comparison on different characteristics of trainer's skills for e-learning between Arab and Eastern world. The support carried out by using questionnaire that has been used as a tool to collect data on e-learning to be examine the level to which trainers felt prepared to develop and use e-learning material, and fill a clear information gap about how it is developing and trainer's opinions of it in the and the Eastern world. The result of the study guided to set of principles being planned to direct trainers of e-learning environment and plan on the basis of cultural differences.

2009 International Conference on New Trends in Information and Service Science, 2009

... The continuing advance of multimedia learning depends mainly on developments in information t... more ... The continuing advance of multimedia learning depends mainly on developments in information technology. ... In future work, this extended framework will be further investigated to assess the ... et al., Interactive Multimedia Learning Systems: An Experience in Developing for the IT ...

2008 12th IEEE International Workshop on Future Trends of Distributed Computing Systems, 2008

Using the Internet to enhance e-learning has become a trend in modern higher education institutes... more Using the Internet to enhance e-learning has become a trend in modern higher education institutes. E-learning systems are increasingly becoming an important part of the strategy for delivering online and flexible e-learning. The main advantage of e-learning is the opportunity for students to interact electronically with each other and their teachers during forums, on discussion boards, by e-mail and in chat rooms. Though recognizing that the world at large will continue to use terminology in different and often ambiguous ways, the term of Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) is used to refer to the on-line interactions of a variety of kinds that take place between learners and instructors. There are many pieces of software available that provide VLE systems, both commercial and Open Source Software (OSS). One such system that has been gradually gaining worldwide popularity is known as Moodle. This paper focuses on this platform and on a comparison between VLE (Moodle) and other VLE systems in order to discover their strengths and limitations. The comparative study is in two phases. The first phase is based on the features and capabilities of VLE tools and the second phase is based on the technical aspects of the VLE platforms.

International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM)

Recently, the utilization of IT in the Higher Education institutions has expanded, thus e-Learnin... more Recently, the utilization of IT in the Higher Education institutions has expanded, thus e-Learning must to turn out to be completely embedded into e-Learning and showing practice rather than the traditional approaches to e-Learning. However, this development inside e-Learning frameworks isn't yet completely realized, and the most significant difficulties to this objective are holding students inside instruction and attracting them to take part in Higher Education. One of the methodologies that have been taken to address these difficulties is to utilize the Web services approach to encourage working and participation between Higher Education institutions. Taking account that XML documents are the most commonly applied and successful type of Web services. Being PHP is the best choice for web developers, especially for Web services. This paper will present the proposed approach which aims to expand the current architecture of Web services to meet the technical requirements of the e...

International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing, 2015

Nowadays, more and more students all over the world need expert systems, especially in academic s... more Nowadays, more and more students all over the world need expert systems, especially in academic sectors. They need advice in order to be successful in their studies, and this advice must be provided by the academic management. There are two reasoning strategies in expert system, which have become the major practical application of artificial intelligence research: forward chaining and backward chaining. The first one starts from the available facts and attempts to draw conclusions about the goal. The second strategy starts from expectations of what the goal is, and then attempts to find evidence to support these hypotheses. The aim of this paper is to make a comparative study to identify which reasoning strategy system (forward chaining or backward chaining) is more applicable when making evaluations in expert management, especially in the academic field. Index Terms-Artificial intelligence, expert system, forward and backward chaining, state space. I. INTRODUCTION In the academic field, some students need the best advice in order to improve their situation, and this advice must be provided by the academic management. The academic management should consider many important factors when providing such advise and some of these factors are the mode of study (part-time or full-time), is the student working or not, the number of courses taken last semester, the CGPA of last semester etc. In addition, as modern society has become more specialized, the need to have "expert systems" is increasing rapidly. These needs are visible in all areas of life [1]. These days, humans provide most "expert advice". They have initiative and intelligence to adapt to a new model automatically and made decisions based on new data rapidly. However, humans also take a long time to learn things and can only perform one complete task at a time. For some of the reasons mentioned above, many companies have attempted to amass and collate the knowledge of experts about a special problem area. Some other reasons are as follows: (1) the knowledge of people who have particular expertise can be stored before they retire, so the company does not lose their knowledge and (2) the implementation of expert systems lightens the load on specialists. Such systems can be created to solve routine problems more easily and quickly [2]-[4]. The aim of this paper is to make a comparative study between forward-chaining and backward-chaining to select which of them is more applicable to the management expert Manuscript

2009 International Conference on Computer Engineering & Systems, 2009

Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 2016

Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Interaction Sciences Information Technology, Culture and Human - ICIS '09, 2009

Methodologies, Tools and New Developments for E-Learning, 2012

IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering, 2014

2009 Fifth International Joint Conference on INC, IMS and IDC, 2009

2009 International Conference on New Trends in Information and Service Science, 2009

2008 12th IEEE International Workshop on Future Trends of Distributed Computing Systems, 2008

Using the Internet to enhance e-learning has become a trend in modern higher education institutes... more Using the Internet to enhance e-learning has become a trend in modern higher education institutes. E-learning systems are increasingly becoming an important part of the strategy for delivering online and flexible e-learning. The main advantage of e-learning is the opportunity for students to interact electronically with each other and their teachers during forums, on discussion boards, by e-mail and in chat rooms. Though recognizing that the world at large will continue to use terminology in different and often ambiguous ways, the term of Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) is used to refer to the on-line interactions of a variety of kinds that take place between learners and instructors. There are many pieces of software available that provide VLE systems, both commercial and Open Source Software (OSS). One such system that has been gradually gaining worldwide popularity is known as Moodle. This paper focuses on this platform and on a comparison between VLE (Moodle) and other VLE systems in order to discover their strengths and limitations. The comparative study is in two phases. The first phase is based on the features and capabilities of VLE tools and the second phase is based on the technical aspects of the VLE platforms.

International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM)

International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing, 2015