Akhil Kapoor - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Akhil Kapoor

Research paper thumbnail of Contralateral Breast Exposure to Radiation; Does Linear Accelerator Gives any Advantage Over Cobalt Unit?

Introduction: With better understanding of tumor behavior, availability of better chemotherapeuti... more Introduction: With better understanding of tumor behavior, availability of better chemotherapeutic agents, radiotherapy equipment, techniques and development of oncosurgery, the survival in carcinoma breast has significantly improved. Longer survival has lead to increased incidence of late side effects of treatment. As breast cancer is the commonest malignancy among women, the late effects in this disease are a matter of concern. One of late effect of treatment is malignancy of contralateral breast (CLB). Material and Methods: In this study, we compare dose to CLB during irradiation of diseased breast on cobalt and linear accelerator (LA). Measurement of CLB was done in 50 patients undergoing radiotherapy for carcinoma breast following surgery; 25 on cobalt teletherapy machine and 25 on LA unit. Standardized and precalibratedCaSO4: DyThermoluminescent discs (TLD) were used for the dose measurement. Results: For all patients, the total dose to the CLB was more with Cobalt unit168.29c...

Research paper thumbnail of Advances in immuno-oncology and precision oncology: Where are we heading?

International Journal of Molecular and Immuno Oncology

Research paper thumbnail of Demographics, Pattern of Care, and Outcome Analysis of Malignant Melanomas - Experience From a Tertiary Cancer Centre in India

Frontiers in Oncology

BackgroundTreatment of malignant melanoma has undergone a paradigm shift with the advent of immun... more BackgroundTreatment of malignant melanoma has undergone a paradigm shift with the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and targeted therapies. However, access to ICI is limited in low-middle income countries (LMICs).Patients and MethodsHistologically confirmed malignant melanoma cases registered from 2013 to 2019 were analysed for pattern of care, safety, and efficacy of systemic therapies (ST).ResultsThere were 659 patients with a median age of 53 (range 44–63) years; 58.9% were males; 55.2% were mucosal melanomas. Most common primary sites were extremities (36.6%) and anorectum (31.4%). Nearly 10.8% of the metastatic cohort were BRAF mutated. Among 368 non-metastatic patients (172 prior treated, 185 de novo, and 11 unresectable), with a median follow-up of 26 months (0–83 months), median EFS and OS were 29.5 (95% CI: 22–40) and 33.3 (95% CI: 29.5–41.2) months, respectively. In the metastatic cohort, with a median follow up of 24 (0–85) months, the median EFS for BSC was 3....

Research paper thumbnail of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients: Do We Need to Revisit Guidelines?

South Asian Journal of Cancer

Purpose The objective of this study was to assess the proportion of patients developing chemother... more Purpose The objective of this study was to assess the proportion of patients developing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) after receiving chemotherapy for gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, despite receiving antiemetic prophylaxis (AEP) as per the standard guidelines. Patients and Methods Between April 2019 and March 2020, all patients planned for chemotherapy were eligible for enrolment in the study. The primary endpoint of the study was the assessment of complete response (CR) rates. Results Overall, 1,276 consecutive patients were screened for this study, while 738 patients fulfilling the eligibility criteria were included. A total of 23.2% of the whole cohort failed to achieve CR. Also, 28.2, 16.9, and 16.6% of patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC), low emetogenic chemotherapy (LEC), and high emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC), respectively, failed to achieve CR. The differences in failure to achieve CR was statistically significant between MEC and HEC...

Research paper thumbnail of Current systemic therapy options in advanced clear cell renal cell cancer

Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment

Research paper thumbnail of Initial experience of a geriatric oncology clinic in a tertiary cancer center in India

Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment

Research paper thumbnail of Thirty-Day Mortality Rate of Patients With Hip Fractures During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Centre Prospective Study in the United Kingdom

Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma

Research paper thumbnail of Authors' reply to Vora et al. and Singh et al

Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment

Research paper thumbnail of Systemic therapy in patients with genitourinary cancers during the COVID-19 pandemic

Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment

Research paper thumbnail of Head-and-neck dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: Scooping out data even in dearth of evidence

Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of crizotinib in ALK mutant non-small cell lung cancers that are positive by IHC but negative by FISH compared to FISH positive cases

Indian journal of cancer

A small proportion of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers (NSCLC) are detected with Anaplastic Lymphoma K... more A small proportion of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers (NSCLC) are detected with Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) mutation by immunohistochemistry (IHC) but are negative by Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH). Data on responses and outcome of this subset of patients when treated with crizotinib is limited. We analyzed the outcomes of such patients who received crizotinib. Demographics, treatment details, response to treatment, date of progression and date of death were collected for patients who were IHC positive and FISH negative for ALK mutation from a prospectively maintained database. Depending upon feasibility, patients received either platinum based doublet chemotherapy or the ALK inhibitor crizotinib as first line therapy. Outcomes were compared to our previously published historical cohort of FISH positive patients who were treated with crizotinib. Thirteen patients were detected to be IHC+/FISH- and out of these seven received crizotinib. Objective response rate for crizot...

Research paper thumbnail of EGFR mutation in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung: does it carry the same connotation as in adenocarcinomas?

OncoTargets and therapy, 2017

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have greatly improved the outcomes of EGFR mutation-positi... more EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have greatly improved the outcomes of EGFR mutation-positive adenocarcinomas of the lung. In contrast, the significance of EGFR mutation in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung has been debated. All patients with metastatic SCC who underwent EGFR mutation testing at our center from 2010 to 2015 were included for analysis. EGFR kinase domain mutations were tested using Taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Response assessment was done using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1. Kaplan-Meier method was used for calculating progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). EGFR mutation was detected in 29 out of 639 patients with SCC. Furthermore, 19 out of the 29 patients received TKIs at some point during their treatment. TKI therapy led to a partial response in 5 out of 19 patients and stable disease in 4 out of 19 patients. The median PFS of patients treated with TKIs was 5.0 mont...

Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of outcomes and prognostic factors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients treated by MCP841 protocol: A regional cancer center experience

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2016

and UKALL-XI protocols are widely used in Western countries but rarely used in limited resource s... more and UKALL-XI protocols are widely used in Western countries but rarely used in limited resource settings due to their higher toxicities.. Survival outcome in childhood ALL has reached over 80% in resource-rich nations. [1-4] However, reports from various institutions in India suggest that the outcome is inferior to that achieved in the developed nations due to poor management of infections, leading to toxic deaths and also increased incidence of relapse. [5-10] The patient population of India differs markedly from the Western population with respect to the prevalence of illiteracy, poverty, malnutrition, and chronic infectious diseases. Although multiple studies have been performed across the world; Background: A dramatic improvement in the survival of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients in the last three decades has been observed. MCP 841 protocol is an old but effective tool with tolerable toxicities. The objective of this study was to estimate the relapse-free survival of ALL patients treated uniformly with MCP 841 protocol on the basis of various prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: The study design was retrospective and it was conducted in a regional cancer center of Northwest India. Three hundred and ten ALL patients who underwent treatment with MCP 841 protocol and regular follow-up for up to 5 years were selected for this study. Relapse-free survival was calculated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the hazards ratio (HR) using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software for windows version 20.0. Results: Fifty-four percent patients were <15 years of age and 69% were males. 53.2% patients were in remission at the end of 5 years of starting the treatment. Relapse-free survival at 5 years by Kaplan-Meir analysis for B-cell ALL was 62% [HR 0.67 {95% confidence interval (CI) 0.47-0.95}] with patients with unknown lineage taken as reference] while for T cell it was 28% [HR 1.41 (95% CI 1.19-1.63), P 0.001]. Patients with total leukocyte count (TLC) <1 lakh/cmm at presentation, relapse-free survival was 68% and those with TLC >1 lakh/cmm had 41% survival [HR 2.14 (1.76-2.48) with, P < 0.001]. Conclusion: MCP 841 protocol is a useful tool for the treatment of ALL in children when more aggressive protocols can not be used.

Research paper thumbnail of Gastrointestinal stromal tumour; GIST; Computed tomography; sarcoma

Computed Tomography Imaging of Gastro Intestinal Stromal Tumour Retrospective Study of 40 Cases, May 8, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Metronomic therapy with oral 6-mercaptopurine in elderly acute myeloid leukemia: A prospective pilot study

South Asian Journal of Cancer, 2016

Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in elderly patients differs biologically from that in ... more Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in elderly patients differs biologically from that in younger patients and is known to have unfavorable chromosomal rearrangements, higher resistance, and lower tolerance to chemotherapy. In such circumstances, instead of giving full-blown chemotherapy, palliative metronomic chemotherapy (MCT) could be a treatment option. Patients and Methods: We performed a prospective pilot study of old AML patients (age >60 years) not amenable to curative treatment. Thirty-two patients were enrolled into the study and were treated with daily oral 6-mercaptopurine 75 mg/m 2 . The following inclusion criteria were used: age >60 years, nonpromyelocytic AML, the absence of uncontrolled comorbidities, and patient not amenable to curative treatment. Overall survival (OS) was calculated using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to calculate the hazards ratio of significant factors. Results: The median age of the patients was 69 years...

Research paper thumbnail of Ibrutinib: A comprehensive review of a promising drug

Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Case Report Large Cell Poorly Differentiated Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Maxilla : An extremely Rare Tumor

Neuroendocrine carcinomas are epithelial neoplasm with predominant neuroendocrine differentiation... more Neuroendocrine carcinomas are epithelial neoplasm with predominant neuroendocrine differentiation. Mostly they are found in gastrointestinal and respiratory system. In the nasal and paranasal sinus regions, squamous cell carcinoma is the most common tumor, followed by adenocarcinoma, malignant lymphoma, sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma, and olfactory neuroblastoma. Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of head and neck region is extremely rare. Until now, very few cases of neuroendocrine tumors of paranasal sinuses have been documented. Compared to other organ systems, the neuroendocrine carcinoma involving sinuses are much more aggressive and with poor prognosis. The rarity of this carcinoma has restricted the understanding of its etiology and clinical outcome. We herein reporting a case of large cell poorly differentiated neuroendocrine tumor of maxilla with orbital extension with the purpose of analysis of the available information of this rare malignancy.

Research paper thumbnail of Psychotic manifestations as an initial presentation in glioma : two case reports and review of literature

Psychotic manifestation as an initial presentation of brain tumor is a rare manifestation of the ... more Psychotic manifestation as an initial presentation of brain tumor is a rare manifestation of the primary disease. A 32-year-old male patient presented with auditory and visual hallucinations, delusion of persecution and profound agitation. The patient was initially suspected as a case of acute psychosis; however, on imaging work-up, a large central space-occupying lesion (SOL) in the brain was detected. Following surgical removal of the brain tumor, psychotic manifestations disappeared. The pathology revealed astrocytoma grade III. Similar presentation was observed in a 28-year-old woman who first visited the psychiatry department. Imaging revealed an SOL in the right parietal lobe. She underwent craniotomy and gross total resection of the tumor. The histopathology of the surgical specimen revealed astrocytoma grade II. Neuropsychiatric manifestations may have a large impact on the quality of life of patients with primary brain tumors and should therefore be adequately managed.

Research paper thumbnail of F ull L ength R esearch A rticle EVALUATION OF COLORECTAL WALL THICKENING WITH COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY : A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF 20 PATIENTS

Research paper thumbnail of Management of uveal tract melanoma: A comprehensive review

Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute, 2016

Uveal tract melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, accounting for ... more Uveal tract melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, accounting for about 5-10% of all the melanomas. Since there are no lymphatic vessels in the eye, uveal melanoma can only spread hematogenously leading to liver metastasis. A wide variety of treatment modalities are available for its management, leading to dilemma in selecting the appropriate therapy. This article reviews the diagnostic and therapeutic modalities available and thus, can help to individualize the treatment plan for each patient.

Research paper thumbnail of Contralateral Breast Exposure to Radiation; Does Linear Accelerator Gives any Advantage Over Cobalt Unit?

Introduction: With better understanding of tumor behavior, availability of better chemotherapeuti... more Introduction: With better understanding of tumor behavior, availability of better chemotherapeutic agents, radiotherapy equipment, techniques and development of oncosurgery, the survival in carcinoma breast has significantly improved. Longer survival has lead to increased incidence of late side effects of treatment. As breast cancer is the commonest malignancy among women, the late effects in this disease are a matter of concern. One of late effect of treatment is malignancy of contralateral breast (CLB). Material and Methods: In this study, we compare dose to CLB during irradiation of diseased breast on cobalt and linear accelerator (LA). Measurement of CLB was done in 50 patients undergoing radiotherapy for carcinoma breast following surgery; 25 on cobalt teletherapy machine and 25 on LA unit. Standardized and precalibratedCaSO4: DyThermoluminescent discs (TLD) were used for the dose measurement. Results: For all patients, the total dose to the CLB was more with Cobalt unit168.29c...

Research paper thumbnail of Advances in immuno-oncology and precision oncology: Where are we heading?

International Journal of Molecular and Immuno Oncology

Research paper thumbnail of Demographics, Pattern of Care, and Outcome Analysis of Malignant Melanomas - Experience From a Tertiary Cancer Centre in India

Frontiers in Oncology

BackgroundTreatment of malignant melanoma has undergone a paradigm shift with the advent of immun... more BackgroundTreatment of malignant melanoma has undergone a paradigm shift with the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and targeted therapies. However, access to ICI is limited in low-middle income countries (LMICs).Patients and MethodsHistologically confirmed malignant melanoma cases registered from 2013 to 2019 were analysed for pattern of care, safety, and efficacy of systemic therapies (ST).ResultsThere were 659 patients with a median age of 53 (range 44–63) years; 58.9% were males; 55.2% were mucosal melanomas. Most common primary sites were extremities (36.6%) and anorectum (31.4%). Nearly 10.8% of the metastatic cohort were BRAF mutated. Among 368 non-metastatic patients (172 prior treated, 185 de novo, and 11 unresectable), with a median follow-up of 26 months (0–83 months), median EFS and OS were 29.5 (95% CI: 22–40) and 33.3 (95% CI: 29.5–41.2) months, respectively. In the metastatic cohort, with a median follow up of 24 (0–85) months, the median EFS for BSC was 3....

Research paper thumbnail of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients: Do We Need to Revisit Guidelines?

South Asian Journal of Cancer

Purpose The objective of this study was to assess the proportion of patients developing chemother... more Purpose The objective of this study was to assess the proportion of patients developing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) after receiving chemotherapy for gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, despite receiving antiemetic prophylaxis (AEP) as per the standard guidelines. Patients and Methods Between April 2019 and March 2020, all patients planned for chemotherapy were eligible for enrolment in the study. The primary endpoint of the study was the assessment of complete response (CR) rates. Results Overall, 1,276 consecutive patients were screened for this study, while 738 patients fulfilling the eligibility criteria were included. A total of 23.2% of the whole cohort failed to achieve CR. Also, 28.2, 16.9, and 16.6% of patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC), low emetogenic chemotherapy (LEC), and high emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC), respectively, failed to achieve CR. The differences in failure to achieve CR was statistically significant between MEC and HEC...

Research paper thumbnail of Current systemic therapy options in advanced clear cell renal cell cancer

Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment

Research paper thumbnail of Initial experience of a geriatric oncology clinic in a tertiary cancer center in India

Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment

Research paper thumbnail of Thirty-Day Mortality Rate of Patients With Hip Fractures During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Centre Prospective Study in the United Kingdom

Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma

Research paper thumbnail of Authors' reply to Vora et al. and Singh et al

Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment

Research paper thumbnail of Systemic therapy in patients with genitourinary cancers during the COVID-19 pandemic

Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment

Research paper thumbnail of Head-and-neck dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: Scooping out data even in dearth of evidence

Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of crizotinib in ALK mutant non-small cell lung cancers that are positive by IHC but negative by FISH compared to FISH positive cases

Indian journal of cancer

A small proportion of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers (NSCLC) are detected with Anaplastic Lymphoma K... more A small proportion of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers (NSCLC) are detected with Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) mutation by immunohistochemistry (IHC) but are negative by Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH). Data on responses and outcome of this subset of patients when treated with crizotinib is limited. We analyzed the outcomes of such patients who received crizotinib. Demographics, treatment details, response to treatment, date of progression and date of death were collected for patients who were IHC positive and FISH negative for ALK mutation from a prospectively maintained database. Depending upon feasibility, patients received either platinum based doublet chemotherapy or the ALK inhibitor crizotinib as first line therapy. Outcomes were compared to our previously published historical cohort of FISH positive patients who were treated with crizotinib. Thirteen patients were detected to be IHC+/FISH- and out of these seven received crizotinib. Objective response rate for crizot...

Research paper thumbnail of EGFR mutation in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung: does it carry the same connotation as in adenocarcinomas?

OncoTargets and therapy, 2017

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have greatly improved the outcomes of EGFR mutation-positi... more EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have greatly improved the outcomes of EGFR mutation-positive adenocarcinomas of the lung. In contrast, the significance of EGFR mutation in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung has been debated. All patients with metastatic SCC who underwent EGFR mutation testing at our center from 2010 to 2015 were included for analysis. EGFR kinase domain mutations were tested using Taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Response assessment was done using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1. Kaplan-Meier method was used for calculating progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). EGFR mutation was detected in 29 out of 639 patients with SCC. Furthermore, 19 out of the 29 patients received TKIs at some point during their treatment. TKI therapy led to a partial response in 5 out of 19 patients and stable disease in 4 out of 19 patients. The median PFS of patients treated with TKIs was 5.0 mont...

Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of outcomes and prognostic factors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients treated by MCP841 protocol: A regional cancer center experience

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2016

and UKALL-XI protocols are widely used in Western countries but rarely used in limited resource s... more and UKALL-XI protocols are widely used in Western countries but rarely used in limited resource settings due to their higher toxicities.. Survival outcome in childhood ALL has reached over 80% in resource-rich nations. [1-4] However, reports from various institutions in India suggest that the outcome is inferior to that achieved in the developed nations due to poor management of infections, leading to toxic deaths and also increased incidence of relapse. [5-10] The patient population of India differs markedly from the Western population with respect to the prevalence of illiteracy, poverty, malnutrition, and chronic infectious diseases. Although multiple studies have been performed across the world; Background: A dramatic improvement in the survival of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients in the last three decades has been observed. MCP 841 protocol is an old but effective tool with tolerable toxicities. The objective of this study was to estimate the relapse-free survival of ALL patients treated uniformly with MCP 841 protocol on the basis of various prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: The study design was retrospective and it was conducted in a regional cancer center of Northwest India. Three hundred and ten ALL patients who underwent treatment with MCP 841 protocol and regular follow-up for up to 5 years were selected for this study. Relapse-free survival was calculated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the hazards ratio (HR) using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software for windows version 20.0. Results: Fifty-four percent patients were <15 years of age and 69% were males. 53.2% patients were in remission at the end of 5 years of starting the treatment. Relapse-free survival at 5 years by Kaplan-Meir analysis for B-cell ALL was 62% [HR 0.67 {95% confidence interval (CI) 0.47-0.95}] with patients with unknown lineage taken as reference] while for T cell it was 28% [HR 1.41 (95% CI 1.19-1.63), P 0.001]. Patients with total leukocyte count (TLC) <1 lakh/cmm at presentation, relapse-free survival was 68% and those with TLC >1 lakh/cmm had 41% survival [HR 2.14 (1.76-2.48) with, P < 0.001]. Conclusion: MCP 841 protocol is a useful tool for the treatment of ALL in children when more aggressive protocols can not be used.

Research paper thumbnail of Gastrointestinal stromal tumour; GIST; Computed tomography; sarcoma

Computed Tomography Imaging of Gastro Intestinal Stromal Tumour Retrospective Study of 40 Cases, May 8, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Metronomic therapy with oral 6-mercaptopurine in elderly acute myeloid leukemia: A prospective pilot study

South Asian Journal of Cancer, 2016

Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in elderly patients differs biologically from that in ... more Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in elderly patients differs biologically from that in younger patients and is known to have unfavorable chromosomal rearrangements, higher resistance, and lower tolerance to chemotherapy. In such circumstances, instead of giving full-blown chemotherapy, palliative metronomic chemotherapy (MCT) could be a treatment option. Patients and Methods: We performed a prospective pilot study of old AML patients (age >60 years) not amenable to curative treatment. Thirty-two patients were enrolled into the study and were treated with daily oral 6-mercaptopurine 75 mg/m 2 . The following inclusion criteria were used: age >60 years, nonpromyelocytic AML, the absence of uncontrolled comorbidities, and patient not amenable to curative treatment. Overall survival (OS) was calculated using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to calculate the hazards ratio of significant factors. Results: The median age of the patients was 69 years...

Research paper thumbnail of Ibrutinib: A comprehensive review of a promising drug

Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Case Report Large Cell Poorly Differentiated Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Maxilla : An extremely Rare Tumor

Neuroendocrine carcinomas are epithelial neoplasm with predominant neuroendocrine differentiation... more Neuroendocrine carcinomas are epithelial neoplasm with predominant neuroendocrine differentiation. Mostly they are found in gastrointestinal and respiratory system. In the nasal and paranasal sinus regions, squamous cell carcinoma is the most common tumor, followed by adenocarcinoma, malignant lymphoma, sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma, and olfactory neuroblastoma. Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of head and neck region is extremely rare. Until now, very few cases of neuroendocrine tumors of paranasal sinuses have been documented. Compared to other organ systems, the neuroendocrine carcinoma involving sinuses are much more aggressive and with poor prognosis. The rarity of this carcinoma has restricted the understanding of its etiology and clinical outcome. We herein reporting a case of large cell poorly differentiated neuroendocrine tumor of maxilla with orbital extension with the purpose of analysis of the available information of this rare malignancy.

Research paper thumbnail of Psychotic manifestations as an initial presentation in glioma : two case reports and review of literature

Psychotic manifestation as an initial presentation of brain tumor is a rare manifestation of the ... more Psychotic manifestation as an initial presentation of brain tumor is a rare manifestation of the primary disease. A 32-year-old male patient presented with auditory and visual hallucinations, delusion of persecution and profound agitation. The patient was initially suspected as a case of acute psychosis; however, on imaging work-up, a large central space-occupying lesion (SOL) in the brain was detected. Following surgical removal of the brain tumor, psychotic manifestations disappeared. The pathology revealed astrocytoma grade III. Similar presentation was observed in a 28-year-old woman who first visited the psychiatry department. Imaging revealed an SOL in the right parietal lobe. She underwent craniotomy and gross total resection of the tumor. The histopathology of the surgical specimen revealed astrocytoma grade II. Neuropsychiatric manifestations may have a large impact on the quality of life of patients with primary brain tumors and should therefore be adequately managed.

Research paper thumbnail of F ull L ength R esearch A rticle EVALUATION OF COLORECTAL WALL THICKENING WITH COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY : A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF 20 PATIENTS

Research paper thumbnail of Management of uveal tract melanoma: A comprehensive review

Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute, 2016

Uveal tract melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, accounting for ... more Uveal tract melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, accounting for about 5-10% of all the melanomas. Since there are no lymphatic vessels in the eye, uveal melanoma can only spread hematogenously leading to liver metastasis. A wide variety of treatment modalities are available for its management, leading to dilemma in selecting the appropriate therapy. This article reviews the diagnostic and therapeutic modalities available and thus, can help to individualize the treatment plan for each patient.