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Papers by Alberto Bonastre

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2015

ABSTRACT As a major contaminant in ground water, nitrate determination is a common practice in en... more ABSTRACT As a major contaminant in ground water, nitrate determination is a common practice in environmental analysis, especially the continuous and simultaneous monitoring of its concentration at many different points. For this task, sensor networks are a promising tool, although they require the use of sensors with special features, such as those of Ion Selective Electrodes (ISEs). Unfortunately, their measurements are-to a greater or lesser extent-affected by the presence of other coexisting (interfering) ions. A new methodology is then proposed in this work to deal with major interferences (chloride and bicarbonate in the case of nitrate determination), in such a way that the results obtained in the measurements of the content of NO3− with a nitrate selective electrode can be considered as virtually error-free from these interferences. For this purpose, a new sensor node has been developed; it consists of three ISEs (NO3-, Cl-, and HCO3−) coupled to a low-consumption, low-cost microcontroller (a small chip containing all the computer components), which receives and processes all signals coming from the electrodes. This information is suitably treated, as described in detail in this paper, to provide an accurate estimation of the true value of NO3− concentration.

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2014

IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2000

ABSTRACT This paper describes a wireless sensor-actuator network to monitor and manage thermostat... more ABSTRACT This paper describes a wireless sensor-actuator network to monitor and manage thermostatically controlled loads, mainly heating and cooling loads, which accounts for around 50% of the residential electricity consumption. A decentralized system is proposed to modify the electrical power demand according to a target demand profile and a set of prefixed constraints, maintaining minimum comfort levels and minimizing the infrastructure requirements. This solution offers the residential customers a flexible, powerful and low-cost tool to modify their power demand profile, avoiding any additional wiring and extending the wireless sensor-actuator networks technology towards small customers, with around 30% share of the global electricity consumption. The proposed system has been implemented and assessed in a university environment, where heating and cooling loads have been monitored and controlled. Acquired data are also included in this paper as well as an example of the forced switching-off time periods applied on the controlled loads, leading to approximately 15% reduction of the peak power demand.

Laboratory Automation & Information Management, 1997

Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 1993

Advanced Science Letters, 2013

2015 Asia-Pacific Conference on Computer Aided System Engineering, 2015

Sensors, 2015

Several systems have been proposed to monitor wireless sensor networks (WSN). These systems may b... more Several systems have been proposed to monitor wireless sensor networks (WSN). These systems may be active (causing a high degree of intrusion) or passive (low observability inside the nodes). This paper presents the implementation of an active hybrid (hardware and software) monitor with low intrusion. It is based on the addition to the sensor node of a monitor node (hardware part) which, through a standard interface, is able to receive the monitoring information sent by a piece of software executed in the sensor node. The intrusion on time, code, and energy caused in the sensor nodes by the monitor is evaluated as a function of data size and the interface used. Then different interfaces, commonly available in sensor nodes, are evaluated: serial transmission (USART), serial peripheral interface (SPI), and parallel. The proposed hybrid monitor provides highly detailed information, barely disturbed by the measurement tool (interference), about the behavior of the WSN that may be used to evaluate many properties such as performance, dependability, security, etc. Monitor nodes are self-powered and may be removed after the monitoring campaign to be reused in other campaigns and/or WSNs. No other hardware-independent monitoring platforms with such low interference have been found in the literature.

Laboratory Robotics and Automation, 1998

… , Systems, Services and …, 2008

As industrial systems grow in complexity, new methodologies for the implementation of their contr... more As industrial systems grow in complexity, new methodologies for the implementation of their control systems are being developed. Following this line, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to the implementation of distributed control systems offers several advantages. However, some problems related to the collaboration of both techniques arise, being added to the inherent distributed systems and AI issues. In

International Conference on Wireless Networks, 2009

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004

A new layered architecture for the implementation of intelligent distributed control systems is p... more A new layered architecture for the implementation of intelligent distributed control systems is proposed. This architecture distinguishes four levels in a distributed system. Upper layer consists of a digital control layer, where high level decisions are taken. This level is implemented by means of intelligent software agents and distributed expert systems that carry out the discrete control functions, system supervision

2007 IEEE International Workshop on Radio-Frequency Integration Technology, 2007

2005 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2005

This paper describes the application of wireless sensor network to monitor and control electrical... more This paper describes the application of wireless sensor network to monitor and control electrical loads in residential areas, mainly heating and cooling loads, which accounts for around 50% of the residential electricity consumption. In this way, a control algorithm has also been implemented in order to select the optimum load control strategy according to a target demand profile and a

In this paper a new analytical method for control systems validation is presented. The control sy... more In this paper a new analytical method for control systems validation is presented. The control system will be implemented by means of expert systems based on rule nets, which are a formalism that seeks to express an automatism in a similar way to as would make it a human being: "IF antecedents THEN consequent". But at the same time rule

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2015

ABSTRACT As a major contaminant in ground water, nitrate determination is a common practice in en... more ABSTRACT As a major contaminant in ground water, nitrate determination is a common practice in environmental analysis, especially the continuous and simultaneous monitoring of its concentration at many different points. For this task, sensor networks are a promising tool, although they require the use of sensors with special features, such as those of Ion Selective Electrodes (ISEs). Unfortunately, their measurements are-to a greater or lesser extent-affected by the presence of other coexisting (interfering) ions. A new methodology is then proposed in this work to deal with major interferences (chloride and bicarbonate in the case of nitrate determination), in such a way that the results obtained in the measurements of the content of NO3− with a nitrate selective electrode can be considered as virtually error-free from these interferences. For this purpose, a new sensor node has been developed; it consists of three ISEs (NO3-, Cl-, and HCO3−) coupled to a low-consumption, low-cost microcontroller (a small chip containing all the computer components), which receives and processes all signals coming from the electrodes. This information is suitably treated, as described in detail in this paper, to provide an accurate estimation of the true value of NO3− concentration.

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2014

IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2000

ABSTRACT This paper describes a wireless sensor-actuator network to monitor and manage thermostat... more ABSTRACT This paper describes a wireless sensor-actuator network to monitor and manage thermostatically controlled loads, mainly heating and cooling loads, which accounts for around 50% of the residential electricity consumption. A decentralized system is proposed to modify the electrical power demand according to a target demand profile and a set of prefixed constraints, maintaining minimum comfort levels and minimizing the infrastructure requirements. This solution offers the residential customers a flexible, powerful and low-cost tool to modify their power demand profile, avoiding any additional wiring and extending the wireless sensor-actuator networks technology towards small customers, with around 30% share of the global electricity consumption. The proposed system has been implemented and assessed in a university environment, where heating and cooling loads have been monitored and controlled. Acquired data are also included in this paper as well as an example of the forced switching-off time periods applied on the controlled loads, leading to approximately 15% reduction of the peak power demand.

Laboratory Automation & Information Management, 1997

Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 1993

Advanced Science Letters, 2013

2015 Asia-Pacific Conference on Computer Aided System Engineering, 2015

Sensors, 2015

Several systems have been proposed to monitor wireless sensor networks (WSN). These systems may b... more Several systems have been proposed to monitor wireless sensor networks (WSN). These systems may be active (causing a high degree of intrusion) or passive (low observability inside the nodes). This paper presents the implementation of an active hybrid (hardware and software) monitor with low intrusion. It is based on the addition to the sensor node of a monitor node (hardware part) which, through a standard interface, is able to receive the monitoring information sent by a piece of software executed in the sensor node. The intrusion on time, code, and energy caused in the sensor nodes by the monitor is evaluated as a function of data size and the interface used. Then different interfaces, commonly available in sensor nodes, are evaluated: serial transmission (USART), serial peripheral interface (SPI), and parallel. The proposed hybrid monitor provides highly detailed information, barely disturbed by the measurement tool (interference), about the behavior of the WSN that may be used to evaluate many properties such as performance, dependability, security, etc. Monitor nodes are self-powered and may be removed after the monitoring campaign to be reused in other campaigns and/or WSNs. No other hardware-independent monitoring platforms with such low interference have been found in the literature.

Laboratory Robotics and Automation, 1998

… , Systems, Services and …, 2008

As industrial systems grow in complexity, new methodologies for the implementation of their contr... more As industrial systems grow in complexity, new methodologies for the implementation of their control systems are being developed. Following this line, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to the implementation of distributed control systems offers several advantages. However, some problems related to the collaboration of both techniques arise, being added to the inherent distributed systems and AI issues. In

International Conference on Wireless Networks, 2009

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004

A new layered architecture for the implementation of intelligent distributed control systems is p... more A new layered architecture for the implementation of intelligent distributed control systems is proposed. This architecture distinguishes four levels in a distributed system. Upper layer consists of a digital control layer, where high level decisions are taken. This level is implemented by means of intelligent software agents and distributed expert systems that carry out the discrete control functions, system supervision

2007 IEEE International Workshop on Radio-Frequency Integration Technology, 2007

2005 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2005

This paper describes the application of wireless sensor network to monitor and control electrical... more This paper describes the application of wireless sensor network to monitor and control electrical loads in residential areas, mainly heating and cooling loads, which accounts for around 50% of the residential electricity consumption. In this way, a control algorithm has also been implemented in order to select the optimum load control strategy according to a target demand profile and a

In this paper a new analytical method for control systems validation is presented. The control sy... more In this paper a new analytical method for control systems validation is presented. The control system will be implemented by means of expert systems based on rule nets, which are a formalism that seeks to express an automatism in a similar way to as would make it a human being: "IF antecedents THEN consequent". But at the same time rule