Angelo Albini - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Angelo Albini

Research paper thumbnail of TiO2-Photocatalyzed Water Depollution, a Strong, yet Selective Depollution Method: New Evidence from the Solar Light Induced Degradation of Glucocorticoids in Freshwaters

Applied Sciences, 2021

The photodegradation of the most prescribed glucocorticoids (GCs) was studied under relevant envi... more The photodegradation of the most prescribed glucocorticoids (GCs) was studied under relevant environmental conditions in the presence of suspended TiO2. The considered drugs included cortisone (CORT), hydrocortisone (HCORT), betamethasone (BETA), dexamethasone (DEXA), prednisone (PRED), prednisolone (PREDLO), and triamcinolone (TRIAM). The experiments were carried out at concentrations (50 µg L−1) close to the real ones in freshwater samples (tap and river) under simulated and natural sunlight, and their decomposition took place very efficiently under natural sunlight. The reactions were monitored by high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). According to a pseudo-first-order decay, all drugs underwent degradation within 15 min, following different paths with respect to the direct photolysis. The observed kinetic constants, slightly lower in river than in tap water, varied from 0.29 to 0.61 min−1 with modest diff...

Research paper thumbnail of Photostability of drug substances and drug products: A validated reference method for implementing the ICH photstability study guidelines

Special publication, Aug 28, 1998

RSC Publishing Logo. ...

Research paper thumbnail of The unexpected photochemistry of marbofloxacin

Tetrahedron Letters, 2010

... References and notes. 1 A. Albini and S. Monti, Chem. Soc. Rev. 32 (2003), p. 238. ... Photob... more ... References and notes. 1 A. Albini and S. Monti, Chem. Soc. Rev. 32 (2003), p. 238. ... Photobiol. 85 (2009), p. 861. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (7) F.Lorenzo, S. Navaratnam, R. Edge and NS Allen, Photochem. Photobiol. 85 (2009), p. 886. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Inter- and Intramolecular Photochemical Reactions of Fleroxacin

Organic Letters, 2009

In the cation formed by photoinduced C-F bond cleavage in fleroxacin, intramolecular reaction wit... more In the cation formed by photoinduced C-F bond cleavage in fleroxacin, intramolecular reaction with the N-ethyl chain is prevented by the electron-withdrawing effect of fluorine and intermolecular attack by nucleophiles is facilitated.

Research paper thumbnail of Unsung Hero Robert C. Gallo

Research paper thumbnail of Photochemical Degradation of Marbofloxacin and Enrofloxacin in Natural Waters

Environmental Science & Technology, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Structure–activity relationship and role of oxygen in the potential antitumour activity of fluoroquinolones in human epithelial cancer cells

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Activation of Chemical Substrates in Green Chemistry

SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science, 2015

The stability and low polarization of organic molecules forces to use an aggressive chemical or h... more The stability and low polarization of organic molecules forces to use an aggressive chemical or heat to activate (one of) the reagent(s). Addition of an activator worsens the atom economy since spent reagents add to the waste, drastic conditions increase the energetic expenditure. Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, phase transfer catalysis, bio- and photocatalysis, microwave activation, the use of non conventional solvents (supercritical solvents, ionic liquids) or solventless reactions are the means for obtaining a much more environment-friendly process. The application of such methods to various chemical processes is briefly reviewed according to the chemical transformation involved (redox processes, carbon-heteroatom and carbon-carbon bond forming processes), with regards both to commodities and fine chemistry products.

Research paper thumbnail of Explorative and Mechanistic Studies of the Photooxygenation of Sulfides

The results of recent work on the dye-sensitized photooxygenation of sulfides is discussed. In th... more The results of recent work on the dye-sensitized photooxygenation of sulfides is discussed. In the case of dialkyl sulfides, the weakly bonded adduct initially formed with singlet oxygen (the persulfoxide) decays unproductively unless protonation by an acid (an alcohol or a carboxylic acid) facilitates its conversion to the sulfoxide. The effect is proportional to the strength of the acid ( eg., less than 0.1% chloroacetic acid in benzene is sufficient for maximal efficiency) and corresponds to general acid catalysis, suggesting that protonation of the persulfoxide occurs. On the other hand, with sulfides possessing an activated hydrogen in α position (eg., benzyl and allyl sulfides), hydrogen transfer becomes an efficient process in aprotic media and yields a S-hydroperoxysulfoniumm ylide, possibly arising from a conformation of the persulfoxide that is different from the one protonated in the presence of acids. Calculations on some substituted sulfides support this hypothesis. Thi...

Research paper thumbnail of Quattro Chiacchiere a Proposito Della Comunicazione Delle Scienze. La Chimica

Research paper thumbnail of b309592d doc..b309592d chapter .. Page1

Research paper thumbnail of Probing for a Leaving Group Effect on the Generation and Reactivity of Phenyl Cations

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Chapter 2. The Contribution of Photochemistry to Green Chemistry

Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Fine Chemicals, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Water Depollution and Photo-Detoxification by Means of TiO2: Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics as a Case Study

Catalysts

Photocatalysis by semiconductors is considered one of the most promising advanced oxidation proce... more Photocatalysis by semiconductors is considered one of the most promising advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and TiO2 is the most well-studied material for the removal of contaminants from the aquatic system. Over the last 20 years, pharmaceuticals have been the most investigated pollutants. They re-enter the environment almost unmodified or slightly metabolized, especially in the aquatic environment, since the traditional urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are not able to abate them. Due to their continuous input, persistence in the environment, and unpleasant effects even at low concentrations, drugs are considered contaminants of emerging concern (ECs). Among these, we chose fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics as an environmental probe for assessing the role of TiO2 photocatalysis in the degradation of recalcitrant pollutants under environmental conditions and detoxification of surface waters and wastewaters. Due to their widespread diffusion, their presence in the list of th...

Research paper thumbnail of Glucocorticoids in Freshwaters: Degradation by Solar Light and Environmental Toxicity of the Photoproducts

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

The photodegradation process of seven glucocorticoids (GCs), cortisone (CORT), hydrocortisone (HC... more The photodegradation process of seven glucocorticoids (GCs), cortisone (CORT), hydrocortisone (HCORT), betamethasone (BETA), dexamethasone (DEXA), prednisone (PRED), prednisolone (PREDLO) and triamcinolone (TRIAM) was studied in tap and river water at a concentration close to the environmental ones. All drugs underwent sunlight degradation according to a pseudo-first-order decay. The kinetic constants ranged from 0.00082 min−1 for CORT to 0.024 min−1 for PRED and PREDLO. The photo-generated products were identified by high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). The main steps of the degradation pathways were the oxidative cleavage of the chain 17 for CORT, HCORT and the rearrangement of the cyclohexadiene moiety for the other GCs. The acute and chronic toxicity of GCs and of their photoproducts was assessed by the V. fischeri and P.subcapitata inhibition assays. The bioassays revealed no significant differences in...

Research paper thumbnail of Norrish’ type I and II reactions and their role in the building of photochemical science

Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences

Research paper thumbnail of Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysis for Radical Alkylation

Journal of Advanced Oxidation Technologies

The TiO

Research paper thumbnail of Energy and Molecules from Photochemical/Photocatalytic Reactions. An Overview

Research paper thumbnail of The unexpected photochemistry of marbofloxacin

Tetrahedron Letters, 2010

... References and notes. 1 A. Albini and S. Monti, Chem. Soc. Rev. 32 (2003), p. 238. ... Photob... more ... References and notes. 1 A. Albini and S. Monti, Chem. Soc. Rev. 32 (2003), p. 238. ... Photobiol. 85 (2009), p. 861. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (7) F.Lorenzo, S. Navaratnam, R. Edge and NS Allen, Photochem. Photobiol. 85 (2009), p. 886. ...

Research paper thumbnail of The unexpected photochemistry of marbofloxacin

Tetrahedron Letters, 2010

... References and notes. 1 A. Albini and S. Monti, Chem. Soc. Rev. 32 (2003), p. 238. ... Photob... more ... References and notes. 1 A. Albini and S. Monti, Chem. Soc. Rev. 32 (2003), p. 238. ... Photobiol. 85 (2009), p. 861. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (7) F.Lorenzo, S. Navaratnam, R. Edge and NS Allen, Photochem. Photobiol. 85 (2009), p. 886. ...

Research paper thumbnail of TiO2-Photocatalyzed Water Depollution, a Strong, yet Selective Depollution Method: New Evidence from the Solar Light Induced Degradation of Glucocorticoids in Freshwaters

Applied Sciences, 2021

The photodegradation of the most prescribed glucocorticoids (GCs) was studied under relevant envi... more The photodegradation of the most prescribed glucocorticoids (GCs) was studied under relevant environmental conditions in the presence of suspended TiO2. The considered drugs included cortisone (CORT), hydrocortisone (HCORT), betamethasone (BETA), dexamethasone (DEXA), prednisone (PRED), prednisolone (PREDLO), and triamcinolone (TRIAM). The experiments were carried out at concentrations (50 µg L−1) close to the real ones in freshwater samples (tap and river) under simulated and natural sunlight, and their decomposition took place very efficiently under natural sunlight. The reactions were monitored by high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). According to a pseudo-first-order decay, all drugs underwent degradation within 15 min, following different paths with respect to the direct photolysis. The observed kinetic constants, slightly lower in river than in tap water, varied from 0.29 to 0.61 min−1 with modest diff...

Research paper thumbnail of Photostability of drug substances and drug products: A validated reference method for implementing the ICH photstability study guidelines

Special publication, Aug 28, 1998

RSC Publishing Logo. ...

Research paper thumbnail of The unexpected photochemistry of marbofloxacin

Tetrahedron Letters, 2010

... References and notes. 1 A. Albini and S. Monti, Chem. Soc. Rev. 32 (2003), p. 238. ... Photob... more ... References and notes. 1 A. Albini and S. Monti, Chem. Soc. Rev. 32 (2003), p. 238. ... Photobiol. 85 (2009), p. 861. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (7) F.Lorenzo, S. Navaratnam, R. Edge and NS Allen, Photochem. Photobiol. 85 (2009), p. 886. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Inter- and Intramolecular Photochemical Reactions of Fleroxacin

Organic Letters, 2009

In the cation formed by photoinduced C-F bond cleavage in fleroxacin, intramolecular reaction wit... more In the cation formed by photoinduced C-F bond cleavage in fleroxacin, intramolecular reaction with the N-ethyl chain is prevented by the electron-withdrawing effect of fluorine and intermolecular attack by nucleophiles is facilitated.

Research paper thumbnail of Unsung Hero Robert C. Gallo

Research paper thumbnail of Photochemical Degradation of Marbofloxacin and Enrofloxacin in Natural Waters

Environmental Science & Technology, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Structure–activity relationship and role of oxygen in the potential antitumour activity of fluoroquinolones in human epithelial cancer cells

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Activation of Chemical Substrates in Green Chemistry

SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science, 2015

The stability and low polarization of organic molecules forces to use an aggressive chemical or h... more The stability and low polarization of organic molecules forces to use an aggressive chemical or heat to activate (one of) the reagent(s). Addition of an activator worsens the atom economy since spent reagents add to the waste, drastic conditions increase the energetic expenditure. Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, phase transfer catalysis, bio- and photocatalysis, microwave activation, the use of non conventional solvents (supercritical solvents, ionic liquids) or solventless reactions are the means for obtaining a much more environment-friendly process. The application of such methods to various chemical processes is briefly reviewed according to the chemical transformation involved (redox processes, carbon-heteroatom and carbon-carbon bond forming processes), with regards both to commodities and fine chemistry products.

Research paper thumbnail of Explorative and Mechanistic Studies of the Photooxygenation of Sulfides

The results of recent work on the dye-sensitized photooxygenation of sulfides is discussed. In th... more The results of recent work on the dye-sensitized photooxygenation of sulfides is discussed. In the case of dialkyl sulfides, the weakly bonded adduct initially formed with singlet oxygen (the persulfoxide) decays unproductively unless protonation by an acid (an alcohol or a carboxylic acid) facilitates its conversion to the sulfoxide. The effect is proportional to the strength of the acid ( eg., less than 0.1% chloroacetic acid in benzene is sufficient for maximal efficiency) and corresponds to general acid catalysis, suggesting that protonation of the persulfoxide occurs. On the other hand, with sulfides possessing an activated hydrogen in α position (eg., benzyl and allyl sulfides), hydrogen transfer becomes an efficient process in aprotic media and yields a S-hydroperoxysulfoniumm ylide, possibly arising from a conformation of the persulfoxide that is different from the one protonated in the presence of acids. Calculations on some substituted sulfides support this hypothesis. Thi...

Research paper thumbnail of Quattro Chiacchiere a Proposito Della Comunicazione Delle Scienze. La Chimica

Research paper thumbnail of b309592d doc..b309592d chapter .. Page1

Research paper thumbnail of Probing for a Leaving Group Effect on the Generation and Reactivity of Phenyl Cations

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Chapter 2. The Contribution of Photochemistry to Green Chemistry

Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Fine Chemicals, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Water Depollution and Photo-Detoxification by Means of TiO2: Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics as a Case Study

Catalysts

Photocatalysis by semiconductors is considered one of the most promising advanced oxidation proce... more Photocatalysis by semiconductors is considered one of the most promising advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and TiO2 is the most well-studied material for the removal of contaminants from the aquatic system. Over the last 20 years, pharmaceuticals have been the most investigated pollutants. They re-enter the environment almost unmodified or slightly metabolized, especially in the aquatic environment, since the traditional urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are not able to abate them. Due to their continuous input, persistence in the environment, and unpleasant effects even at low concentrations, drugs are considered contaminants of emerging concern (ECs). Among these, we chose fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics as an environmental probe for assessing the role of TiO2 photocatalysis in the degradation of recalcitrant pollutants under environmental conditions and detoxification of surface waters and wastewaters. Due to their widespread diffusion, their presence in the list of th...

Research paper thumbnail of Glucocorticoids in Freshwaters: Degradation by Solar Light and Environmental Toxicity of the Photoproducts

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

The photodegradation process of seven glucocorticoids (GCs), cortisone (CORT), hydrocortisone (HC... more The photodegradation process of seven glucocorticoids (GCs), cortisone (CORT), hydrocortisone (HCORT), betamethasone (BETA), dexamethasone (DEXA), prednisone (PRED), prednisolone (PREDLO) and triamcinolone (TRIAM) was studied in tap and river water at a concentration close to the environmental ones. All drugs underwent sunlight degradation according to a pseudo-first-order decay. The kinetic constants ranged from 0.00082 min−1 for CORT to 0.024 min−1 for PRED and PREDLO. The photo-generated products were identified by high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). The main steps of the degradation pathways were the oxidative cleavage of the chain 17 for CORT, HCORT and the rearrangement of the cyclohexadiene moiety for the other GCs. The acute and chronic toxicity of GCs and of their photoproducts was assessed by the V. fischeri and P.subcapitata inhibition assays. The bioassays revealed no significant differences in...

Research paper thumbnail of Norrish’ type I and II reactions and their role in the building of photochemical science

Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences

Research paper thumbnail of Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysis for Radical Alkylation

Journal of Advanced Oxidation Technologies

The TiO

Research paper thumbnail of Energy and Molecules from Photochemical/Photocatalytic Reactions. An Overview

Research paper thumbnail of The unexpected photochemistry of marbofloxacin

Tetrahedron Letters, 2010

... References and notes. 1 A. Albini and S. Monti, Chem. Soc. Rev. 32 (2003), p. 238. ... Photob... more ... References and notes. 1 A. Albini and S. Monti, Chem. Soc. Rev. 32 (2003), p. 238. ... Photobiol. 85 (2009), p. 861. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (7) F.Lorenzo, S. Navaratnam, R. Edge and NS Allen, Photochem. Photobiol. 85 (2009), p. 886. ...

Research paper thumbnail of The unexpected photochemistry of marbofloxacin

Tetrahedron Letters, 2010

... References and notes. 1 A. Albini and S. Monti, Chem. Soc. Rev. 32 (2003), p. 238. ... Photob... more ... References and notes. 1 A. Albini and S. Monti, Chem. Soc. Rev. 32 (2003), p. 238. ... Photobiol. 85 (2009), p. 861. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (7) F.Lorenzo, S. Navaratnam, R. Edge and NS Allen, Photochem. Photobiol. 85 (2009), p. 886. ...