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Papers by Alejandro Ramírez Aparicio

Bird Study, 2013

ABSTRACT Cases of mixed clutches in raptors nests are very scarce in the literature. Among 88 har... more ABSTRACT Cases of mixed clutches in raptors nests are very scarce in the literature. Among 88 harrier nests monitored between 1991-1996 and 2010-2011 in two different areas of central Spain, quail eggs were found in one harrier nest, and six others contained partridge eggs. Harrier eggs were smaller in nests which contained galliform eggs, and therefore more similar in size and appearance to the foreign eggs, which may suggest a maladaptative behaviour on the part of the galliforms.

Modern Applied Science, 2013

Chest, Mar 1, 2009

The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Evidence Report identified and assessed aud... more The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Evidence Report identified and assessed audience characteristics (internal factors) and external factors that influence the effectiveness of continuing medical education (CME) in changing physician behavior. Thirteen studies examined a series of CME audience characteristics (internal factors), and six studies looked at external factors to reinforce the effects of CME in changing behavior. With regard to CME audience characteristics, the 13 studies examined age, gender, practice setting, years in practice, specialty, foreign vs US medical graduate, country of practice, personal motivation, nonmonetary rewards and motivations, learning satisfaction, and knowledge enhancement. With regard to the external characteristics, the six studies looked at the role of regulation, state licensing boards, professional boards, hospital credentialing, external audits, monetary and financial rewards, academic advancement, provision of tools, public demand and expectations, and CME credit. No consistent findings were identified. The AHRQ Evidence Report provides no conclusions about the ways that internal or external factors influence CME effectiveness in changing physician behavior. However, given what is known about how individuals approach learning, it is likely that internal factors play an important role in the design of effective CME. Regulatory and professional organizations are providing new structures, mandates, and recommendations for CME activities that influence the way CME providers design and present activities, supporting a role that is not yet clear for external factors. More research is needed to understand the impact of these factors in enhancing the effectiveness of CME.

Austral Ecology, Oct 27, 2010

Tree Genetics & Genomes, 2012

Public Health Nutrition, 2007

Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 2008

To provide the best care to patients, a physician must commit to lifelong learning, but continuin... more To provide the best care to patients, a physician must commit to lifelong learning, but continuing education and evaluation systems in the United States typically require little more than records of attendance for professional association memberships, hospital staff privileges, or reregistration of a medical license. While 61 of 68 medical and osteopathic licensing boards mandate that physicians participate in certain numbers of hours of continuing medical education (CME), 17 of them require physicians to participate in legislatively mandated topics that may have little to do with the types of patients seen by the applicant physician. Required CME should evolve from counting hours of CME participation to recognizing physician achievement in knowledge, competence, and performance. State medical boards should require valid and reliable assessment of physicians' learning needs and collaborate with physician and CME communities to assure that legislatively mandated CME achieves maximal benefit for physicians and patients. To assure the discovery and use of best practices for continuing professional development and for maintenance of competence, research in CME and physician assessment should be raised as a national priority.

Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 2005

In its ongoing support of continuous physician professional development, the American Medical Ass... more In its ongoing support of continuous physician professional development, the American Medical Association (AMA) for use in the AMA Physician's Recognition Award has adopted 2 new learning platforms: Performance Improvement (PI) and Internet Point of Care (PoC). This article highlights the process that led to their adoption and places these new forms of continuing and physician professional development in the framework of existing continuing medical education (CME). The article calls for new research that revisits existing data on physician learning and prepares to incorporate provider experience with "practice situated" forms of CME. The Conjoint Committee on CME may serve as an important contributor to this process by enabling valuable dialogue among stakeholder organizations.

Agroforestry Systems, 2011

The integrated relationship in a simple mechanistic model between the critical environmental fact... more The integrated relationship in a simple mechanistic model between the critical environmental factors controlling leaf photosynthesis of understory species would be a useful tool to optimize the management of the silvopastoral systems. Individual effect of leaf temperature, water stress and light environment over net maximum photosynthetic rate (Pmax) was evaluated on Festuca pallescens leaves grown in a silvopastoral system of

Un proceso puede ser definido como un conjunto de actividades enlazadas entre sí que, partiendo d... more Un proceso puede ser definido como un conjunto de actividades enlazadas entre sí que, partiendo de uno o más inputs (entradas) los transforma, generando un output (resultado). Un proceso es un conjunto de actividades encadenadas lógicamente que toman un insumo y le agregan valor con sentido específico para un Cliente o Grupo de Interés, generando así un resultado o servicio. INGENIERIA DE PROCESO Se entiende por Ingeniería de proceso aquella que: • Se desarrolla, evalúa y diseña los procesos productivos • Se genera toda la información indispensable para la ingeniería básica • Por Proceso se entiende toda operación de transformación, • Se define el Know how como se hace, es la información obtenida de la investigación y desarrollo • Se definen los requerimientos de materias primas e insumos que tenga el proceso. • Se evalúan las condiciones del medio que afectan a los procesos. • Los modelos matemáticos son de suma utilidad para el mejor diseño del proceso en consideración. A veces es necesaria la utilización de plantas pilotos para asegurar los parámetros de diseño. Como empresa de ingeniería, se cuenta con la vinculación con diferentes empresas especializadas en el suministro, comercialización y asesoría de Know How. ¿De qué se trata Ingeniería de Procesos? Es una rama de la ingeniería con conocimientos suficientes en ciencia y tecnología, para aplicarlas en el diseño, simulación, optimización, innovación, logística y gestión de los procesos, con base en el estudio de aquellos de naturaleza fisicoquímica y biotecnológica, y una ética empresarial que promueva la protección del ambiente y la seguridad industrial.

Bird Study, 2013

ABSTRACT Cases of mixed clutches in raptors nests are very scarce in the literature. Among 88 har... more ABSTRACT Cases of mixed clutches in raptors nests are very scarce in the literature. Among 88 harrier nests monitored between 1991-1996 and 2010-2011 in two different areas of central Spain, quail eggs were found in one harrier nest, and six others contained partridge eggs. Harrier eggs were smaller in nests which contained galliform eggs, and therefore more similar in size and appearance to the foreign eggs, which may suggest a maladaptative behaviour on the part of the galliforms.

Modern Applied Science, 2013

Chest, Mar 1, 2009

The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Evidence Report identified and assessed aud... more The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Evidence Report identified and assessed audience characteristics (internal factors) and external factors that influence the effectiveness of continuing medical education (CME) in changing physician behavior. Thirteen studies examined a series of CME audience characteristics (internal factors), and six studies looked at external factors to reinforce the effects of CME in changing behavior. With regard to CME audience characteristics, the 13 studies examined age, gender, practice setting, years in practice, specialty, foreign vs US medical graduate, country of practice, personal motivation, nonmonetary rewards and motivations, learning satisfaction, and knowledge enhancement. With regard to the external characteristics, the six studies looked at the role of regulation, state licensing boards, professional boards, hospital credentialing, external audits, monetary and financial rewards, academic advancement, provision of tools, public demand and expectations, and CME credit. No consistent findings were identified. The AHRQ Evidence Report provides no conclusions about the ways that internal or external factors influence CME effectiveness in changing physician behavior. However, given what is known about how individuals approach learning, it is likely that internal factors play an important role in the design of effective CME. Regulatory and professional organizations are providing new structures, mandates, and recommendations for CME activities that influence the way CME providers design and present activities, supporting a role that is not yet clear for external factors. More research is needed to understand the impact of these factors in enhancing the effectiveness of CME.

Austral Ecology, Oct 27, 2010

Tree Genetics & Genomes, 2012

Public Health Nutrition, 2007

Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 2008

To provide the best care to patients, a physician must commit to lifelong learning, but continuin... more To provide the best care to patients, a physician must commit to lifelong learning, but continuing education and evaluation systems in the United States typically require little more than records of attendance for professional association memberships, hospital staff privileges, or reregistration of a medical license. While 61 of 68 medical and osteopathic licensing boards mandate that physicians participate in certain numbers of hours of continuing medical education (CME), 17 of them require physicians to participate in legislatively mandated topics that may have little to do with the types of patients seen by the applicant physician. Required CME should evolve from counting hours of CME participation to recognizing physician achievement in knowledge, competence, and performance. State medical boards should require valid and reliable assessment of physicians' learning needs and collaborate with physician and CME communities to assure that legislatively mandated CME achieves maximal benefit for physicians and patients. To assure the discovery and use of best practices for continuing professional development and for maintenance of competence, research in CME and physician assessment should be raised as a national priority.

Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 2005

In its ongoing support of continuous physician professional development, the American Medical Ass... more In its ongoing support of continuous physician professional development, the American Medical Association (AMA) for use in the AMA Physician's Recognition Award has adopted 2 new learning platforms: Performance Improvement (PI) and Internet Point of Care (PoC). This article highlights the process that led to their adoption and places these new forms of continuing and physician professional development in the framework of existing continuing medical education (CME). The article calls for new research that revisits existing data on physician learning and prepares to incorporate provider experience with "practice situated" forms of CME. The Conjoint Committee on CME may serve as an important contributor to this process by enabling valuable dialogue among stakeholder organizations.

Agroforestry Systems, 2011

The integrated relationship in a simple mechanistic model between the critical environmental fact... more The integrated relationship in a simple mechanistic model between the critical environmental factors controlling leaf photosynthesis of understory species would be a useful tool to optimize the management of the silvopastoral systems. Individual effect of leaf temperature, water stress and light environment over net maximum photosynthetic rate (Pmax) was evaluated on Festuca pallescens leaves grown in a silvopastoral system of

Un proceso puede ser definido como un conjunto de actividades enlazadas entre sí que, partiendo d... more Un proceso puede ser definido como un conjunto de actividades enlazadas entre sí que, partiendo de uno o más inputs (entradas) los transforma, generando un output (resultado). Un proceso es un conjunto de actividades encadenadas lógicamente que toman un insumo y le agregan valor con sentido específico para un Cliente o Grupo de Interés, generando así un resultado o servicio. INGENIERIA DE PROCESO Se entiende por Ingeniería de proceso aquella que: • Se desarrolla, evalúa y diseña los procesos productivos • Se genera toda la información indispensable para la ingeniería básica • Por Proceso se entiende toda operación de transformación, • Se define el Know how como se hace, es la información obtenida de la investigación y desarrollo • Se definen los requerimientos de materias primas e insumos que tenga el proceso. • Se evalúan las condiciones del medio que afectan a los procesos. • Los modelos matemáticos son de suma utilidad para el mejor diseño del proceso en consideración. A veces es necesaria la utilización de plantas pilotos para asegurar los parámetros de diseño. Como empresa de ingeniería, se cuenta con la vinculación con diferentes empresas especializadas en el suministro, comercialización y asesoría de Know How. ¿De qué se trata Ingeniería de Procesos? Es una rama de la ingeniería con conocimientos suficientes en ciencia y tecnología, para aplicarlas en el diseño, simulación, optimización, innovación, logística y gestión de los procesos, con base en el estudio de aquellos de naturaleza fisicoquímica y biotecnológica, y una ética empresarial que promueva la protección del ambiente y la seguridad industrial.