Alexander Balakin - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Alexander Balakin
Russ Phys J, 1982
An analysis is performed of the main stages in the expansion of an electron-photon plasma with co... more An analysis is performed of the main stages in the expansion of an electron-photon plasma with collisional processes taken into account. A relativistic Fokker-Planck equation for the electrons in the Compton stage of the expansion is derived from the general covariant kinetic equation.
Russ Phys J, 1993
The exactly integrable model of the evolution of electric and magnetic fields in an isotropic die... more The exactly integrable model of the evolution of electric and magnetic fields in an isotropic dielectric medium under the action of gravitational radiation is analyzed. It is shown that as a result of the action of the gravitational radiation field, the dynamic characteristics of an electromagnetic field as a function of the dielectric constant lose continuity in a neighborhood of the value n=1.
Russ Phys J, Jul 1, 1981
An exact solution is obtained for relativistic collisionless kinetic equations describing a test ... more An exact solution is obtained for relativistic collisionless kinetic equations describing a test plasma in the field of a strong plane gravitational wave. It is found that longitudinal electric current is induced in the plasma by the gravitational wave; the current amplitude reaches the maximum at electron temperatures approximately equal to the electron mass times the squared speed of light. The interaction between gravitational waves and a system consisting of Boltzmann ions and degenerated electrons is also discussed.
Gravitation & Cosmology, 1995
Found Phys, Oct 12, 2001
We consider a model of the state evolution of relativistic vector bosons, which includes both the... more We consider a model of the state evolution of relativistic vector bosons, which includes both the dynamical equations for the particle four-velocity and the equations for the polarization four-vector evolution in the field of a nonlinear plane gravitational wave. In addition to the gravitational minimal coupling, tidal forces linear in curvature tensor are suggested to drive the particle state evolution. The exact solutions of the evolutionary equations are obtained. Birefringence and tidal deviations from the geodesic motion are discussed.
Gravitation and Cosmology, Jun 1, 2004
An exact solution to the dynamic equations for a massive boson traveling in a pp-wave gravitation... more An exact solution to the dynamic equations for a massive boson traveling in a pp-wave gravitational background under the influence of the force induced by curvature, is presented. We focus on the effect of anomalous polarization-curvature interaction and consider models in which the coupling constant of such an interaction is treated to be either a deterministic quantity or a random variable.
Russian Physics Journal, 1993
ABSTRACT
Gravitation and Cosmology
A self-consistent Einstein-Maxwell model is formulated for the case when motion of the medium is ... more A self-consistent Einstein-Maxwell model is formulated for the case when motion of the medium is characterized by non-vanishing expansion, acceleration, shear and vorticity. The model is based on a decomposition of the Lagrangian in an irreducible set of invariants, quadratic in the Maxwell tensor and linear in the covariant derivative of the velocity four-vector of the medium as a whole. Modified evolutionary equations are obtained, which describe the influence of irregularity of the medium motion on both the electromagnetic and gravitational fields. dINAMO-OPTIˆESKIE QWLENIQ W TEORII -JN[TEJNA-mAKSWELLA t.'. aLXPIN, a.b. bALAKIN sFORMULIROWANA SAMOSOGLASOWANNAQ MODELX -JN[TEJNA-mAKSWELLA DLQ SLUˆAQ, KOGDA DWIVENIE SREDY HARAK-TERIZUETSQ NENULEWYMI RASTQVENIEM, USKORENIEM, SDWIGOM I WRA]ENIEM. mODELX OSNOWANA NA RAZLOVENII LAGRANVIANA PO NEPRIWODIMOMU NABORU INWARIANTOW, KWADRATIˆNYH PO TENZORU mAKSWELLA I LINEJNYH PO KO-WARIANTNOJ PROIZWODNOJ 4-WEKTORA SKOROSTI SREDY KAK CELOGO. pOLUˆENY "WOL@CIONNYE URAWNENIQ, KOTORYE OPISYWA@T WLIQNIE NERAWNOMERNOSTI DWIVENIQ SREDY KAK NA "LEKTROMAGNITNOE, TAK I NA GRAWITACIONNOE POLE.
Gravitation and Cosmology
We extend the Einstein-Maxwell-axion theory including into the Lagrangian cross-terms of the dyna... more We extend the Einstein-Maxwell-axion theory including into the Lagrangian cross-terms of the dynamo-optical type, which are quadratic in the Maxwell tensor, linear in the covariant derivative of the macroscopic velocity four-vector, and linear in the pseudoscalar (axion) field or its gradient four-vector. We classify the new terms with respect to irreducible elements of the covariant derivative of the macroscopic velocity four-vector of the electromagnetically active medium: the expansion scalar, acceleration four-vector, shear and vorticity tensors. Master equations of the extended axion electrodynamics are used for the description of the response of an axionically active electrodynamic system, induced by a pp-wave gravitational background. We show that this response has a critical character, i.e., the electric and magnetic fields, dynamo-optically coupled to the axions, grow anomalously under the influence of the external pp-wave gravitational field. * Electronic address: Alexander.Balakin@kpfu.ru † Electronic address: Timur.Alpin@kpfu.ru
Gravitation and Cosmology, 2009
A three-parameter toy-model, which describes a non-minimal coupling of gravity field with electro... more A three-parameter toy-model, which describes a non-minimal coupling of gravity field with electromagnetic field of a relativistic two-component electrically neutral plasma, is discussed. Resonance interactions between particles and transversal waves in plasma are shown to take place due to the curvature coupling effect.
An exact solution is obtained to the nonrelativistic Focker--Planck equation for electrons at the... more An exact solution is obtained to the nonrelativistic Focker--Planck equation for electrons at the Compton stage of expansion.
The exact solutions of the relativistic kinetic equation for a photon gas subjected to the influe... more The exact solutions of the relativistic kinetic equation for a photon gas subjected to the influence of a relativistic fluid and a gravitational radiation field are analyzed. Singular solutions describing resonance and entrained photons moving at a gravitational wave front are investigated. The problem of the divergence of the energy-momentum tensor in models admitting resonance photons is discussed.
ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA, 2002
Accelerated expansion of the Universe may result from an anti-frictional force that is self-consi... more Accelerated expansion of the Universe may result from an anti-frictional force that is self-consistently exerted on cold dark matter (CDM). Cosmic anti-friction is shown to give rise to an effective negative pressure of the cosmic medium. While other models introduce a component of dark energy besides "standard" CDM, we resort to a phenomenological one-component model of CDM with internal self-interactions. We demonstrate how the dynamics of the ΛCDM model may be recovered as a special case of cosmic anti-friction [1].
Physical Review D, 2001
We explain an accelerated expansion of the present universe, suggested from observations of super... more We explain an accelerated expansion of the present universe, suggested from observations of supernovae of type Ia at high redshift, by introducing an anti-frictional force that is self-consistently exerted on the particles of the cosmic substratum. Cosmic anti-friction, which is intimately related to "particle production", is shown to give rise to an effective negative pressure of the cosmic medium. While other explanations for an accelerated expansion (cosmological constant, quintessence) introduce a component of dark energy besides "standard" cold dark matter (CDM) we resort to a phenomenological one-component model of CDM with internal self-interactions. We demonstrate how the dynamics of the ΛCDM model may be recovered as a special case of cosmic anti-friction. We discuss the connection with two-component models and obtain an attractor behavior for the ratio of the energy densities of both components which provides a possible phenomenological solution to the coincidence problem.
We discuss new exact spherically symmetric static solutions to non-minimally extended Einstein-Ya... more We discuss new exact spherically symmetric static solutions to non-minimally extended Einstein-Yang-Mills equations. The obtained solution to the Yang-Mills subsystem is interpreted as a non-minimal Wu-Yang monopole solution. We focus on the analysis of two classes of the exact solutions to the gravitational field equations. Solutions of the first class belong to the Reissner-Nordstr{\"o}m type, i.e., they are characterized by horizons and by the singularity at the point of origin. The solutions of the second class are regular ones. The horizons and singularities of a new type, the non-minimal ones, are indicated.
Motivated by the structure of one-loop vacuum polarization effects in curved spacetime we discuss... more Motivated by the structure of one-loop vacuum polarization effects in curved spacetime we discuss a non-minimal extension of the Einstein-Maxwell equations. This formalism is applied to Bianchi I models with magnetic field. We obtain several exact solutions of the non-minimal system including those which describe an isotropization process. We show that there are inflationary solutions in which the cosmological constant is determined by the non-minimal coupling parameters. Furthermore, we find an isotropic de Sitter solution characterized by a "screening" of the magnetic field as a consequence of the non-minimal coupling.
In this (second) part of the work we present the results of numerical and qualitative analysis, b... more In this (second) part of the work we present the results of numerical and qualitative analysis, based on a new model of the Archimedean-type interaction between dark matter and dark energy. The Archimedean-type force is linear in the four-gradient of the dark energy pressure and plays a role of self-regulator of the energy redistribution in a cosmic dark fluid. Because of the Archimedean-type interaction the cosmological evolution is shown to have a multistage character. Depending on the choice of the values of the model guiding parameters,the Universe's expansion is shown to be perpetually accelerated, periodic or quasiperiodic with finite number of deceleration/acceleration epochs. We distinguished the models, which can be definitely characterized by the inflation in the early Universe, by the late-time accelerated expansion and nonsingular behavior in intermediate epochs, and classified them with respect to a number of transition points. Transition points appear, when the acceleration parameter changes the sign, providing the natural partition of the Universe's history into epochs of accelerated and decelerated expansion. The strategy and results of numerical calculations are advocated by the qualitative analysis of the instantaneous phase portraits of the dynamic system associated with the key equation for the dark energy pressure evolution.
We establish a new self-consistent system of equations accounting for a nonminimal coupling of th... more We establish a new self-consistent system of equations accounting for a nonminimal coupling of the cooperative gravitational, electromagnetic and pseudoscalar (axion) fields in a multi-component relativistic plasma. The axionic extension of the nonminimal Einstein-Maxwell-Vlasov theory is based on two consistent procedures. First, we use the Lagrange formalism to obtain nonminimal equations for the gravitational, electromagnetic and pseudoscalar fields with the additional sources generated in plasma. Second, we use the Vlasov version of the relativistic kinetic theory of the plasma, guided by the cooperative macroscopic electromagnetic, gravitational and axionic fields, to describe adequately the response of the plasma on the variations of these fields. In order to show the self-consistency of this approach we check directly the compatibility conditions for the master equations for the cooperative fields. Using these compatibility conditions we reconstruct the ponderomotive force, which acts on the plasma particles, and discuss the necessary conditions for existence of the distribution function of the equilibrium type.
Classical and Quantum Gravity, Mar 17, 2005
We establish a new self-consistent system of equations for the gravitational and electromagnetic ... more We establish a new self-consistent system of equations for the gravitational and electromagnetic fields. The procedure is based on a non-minimal nonlinear extension of the standard Einstein Hilbert Maxwell action. General properties of a three-parameter family of non-minimal linear models are discussed. In addition, we show explicitly that a static spherically symmetric charged object can be described by a non-minimal model, second order in the derivatives of the metric, when the susceptibility tensor is proportional to the double-dual Riemann tensor.
Russ Phys J, 1982
An analysis is performed of the main stages in the expansion of an electron-photon plasma with co... more An analysis is performed of the main stages in the expansion of an electron-photon plasma with collisional processes taken into account. A relativistic Fokker-Planck equation for the electrons in the Compton stage of the expansion is derived from the general covariant kinetic equation.
Russ Phys J, 1993
The exactly integrable model of the evolution of electric and magnetic fields in an isotropic die... more The exactly integrable model of the evolution of electric and magnetic fields in an isotropic dielectric medium under the action of gravitational radiation is analyzed. It is shown that as a result of the action of the gravitational radiation field, the dynamic characteristics of an electromagnetic field as a function of the dielectric constant lose continuity in a neighborhood of the value n=1.
Russ Phys J, Jul 1, 1981
An exact solution is obtained for relativistic collisionless kinetic equations describing a test ... more An exact solution is obtained for relativistic collisionless kinetic equations describing a test plasma in the field of a strong plane gravitational wave. It is found that longitudinal electric current is induced in the plasma by the gravitational wave; the current amplitude reaches the maximum at electron temperatures approximately equal to the electron mass times the squared speed of light. The interaction between gravitational waves and a system consisting of Boltzmann ions and degenerated electrons is also discussed.
Gravitation & Cosmology, 1995
Found Phys, Oct 12, 2001
We consider a model of the state evolution of relativistic vector bosons, which includes both the... more We consider a model of the state evolution of relativistic vector bosons, which includes both the dynamical equations for the particle four-velocity and the equations for the polarization four-vector evolution in the field of a nonlinear plane gravitational wave. In addition to the gravitational minimal coupling, tidal forces linear in curvature tensor are suggested to drive the particle state evolution. The exact solutions of the evolutionary equations are obtained. Birefringence and tidal deviations from the geodesic motion are discussed.
Gravitation and Cosmology, Jun 1, 2004
An exact solution to the dynamic equations for a massive boson traveling in a pp-wave gravitation... more An exact solution to the dynamic equations for a massive boson traveling in a pp-wave gravitational background under the influence of the force induced by curvature, is presented. We focus on the effect of anomalous polarization-curvature interaction and consider models in which the coupling constant of such an interaction is treated to be either a deterministic quantity or a random variable.
Russian Physics Journal, 1993
ABSTRACT
Gravitation and Cosmology
A self-consistent Einstein-Maxwell model is formulated for the case when motion of the medium is ... more A self-consistent Einstein-Maxwell model is formulated for the case when motion of the medium is characterized by non-vanishing expansion, acceleration, shear and vorticity. The model is based on a decomposition of the Lagrangian in an irreducible set of invariants, quadratic in the Maxwell tensor and linear in the covariant derivative of the velocity four-vector of the medium as a whole. Modified evolutionary equations are obtained, which describe the influence of irregularity of the medium motion on both the electromagnetic and gravitational fields. dINAMO-OPTIˆESKIE QWLENIQ W TEORII -JN[TEJNA-mAKSWELLA t.'. aLXPIN, a.b. bALAKIN sFORMULIROWANA SAMOSOGLASOWANNAQ MODELX -JN[TEJNA-mAKSWELLA DLQ SLUˆAQ, KOGDA DWIVENIE SREDY HARAK-TERIZUETSQ NENULEWYMI RASTQVENIEM, USKORENIEM, SDWIGOM I WRA]ENIEM. mODELX OSNOWANA NA RAZLOVENII LAGRANVIANA PO NEPRIWODIMOMU NABORU INWARIANTOW, KWADRATIˆNYH PO TENZORU mAKSWELLA I LINEJNYH PO KO-WARIANTNOJ PROIZWODNOJ 4-WEKTORA SKOROSTI SREDY KAK CELOGO. pOLUˆENY "WOL@CIONNYE URAWNENIQ, KOTORYE OPISYWA@T WLIQNIE NERAWNOMERNOSTI DWIVENIQ SREDY KAK NA "LEKTROMAGNITNOE, TAK I NA GRAWITACIONNOE POLE.
Gravitation and Cosmology
We extend the Einstein-Maxwell-axion theory including into the Lagrangian cross-terms of the dyna... more We extend the Einstein-Maxwell-axion theory including into the Lagrangian cross-terms of the dynamo-optical type, which are quadratic in the Maxwell tensor, linear in the covariant derivative of the macroscopic velocity four-vector, and linear in the pseudoscalar (axion) field or its gradient four-vector. We classify the new terms with respect to irreducible elements of the covariant derivative of the macroscopic velocity four-vector of the electromagnetically active medium: the expansion scalar, acceleration four-vector, shear and vorticity tensors. Master equations of the extended axion electrodynamics are used for the description of the response of an axionically active electrodynamic system, induced by a pp-wave gravitational background. We show that this response has a critical character, i.e., the electric and magnetic fields, dynamo-optically coupled to the axions, grow anomalously under the influence of the external pp-wave gravitational field. * Electronic address: Alexander.Balakin@kpfu.ru † Electronic address: Timur.Alpin@kpfu.ru
Gravitation and Cosmology, 2009
A three-parameter toy-model, which describes a non-minimal coupling of gravity field with electro... more A three-parameter toy-model, which describes a non-minimal coupling of gravity field with electromagnetic field of a relativistic two-component electrically neutral plasma, is discussed. Resonance interactions between particles and transversal waves in plasma are shown to take place due to the curvature coupling effect.
An exact solution is obtained to the nonrelativistic Focker--Planck equation for electrons at the... more An exact solution is obtained to the nonrelativistic Focker--Planck equation for electrons at the Compton stage of expansion.
The exact solutions of the relativistic kinetic equation for a photon gas subjected to the influe... more The exact solutions of the relativistic kinetic equation for a photon gas subjected to the influence of a relativistic fluid and a gravitational radiation field are analyzed. Singular solutions describing resonance and entrained photons moving at a gravitational wave front are investigated. The problem of the divergence of the energy-momentum tensor in models admitting resonance photons is discussed.
ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA, 2002
Accelerated expansion of the Universe may result from an anti-frictional force that is self-consi... more Accelerated expansion of the Universe may result from an anti-frictional force that is self-consistently exerted on cold dark matter (CDM). Cosmic anti-friction is shown to give rise to an effective negative pressure of the cosmic medium. While other models introduce a component of dark energy besides "standard" CDM, we resort to a phenomenological one-component model of CDM with internal self-interactions. We demonstrate how the dynamics of the ΛCDM model may be recovered as a special case of cosmic anti-friction [1].
Physical Review D, 2001
We explain an accelerated expansion of the present universe, suggested from observations of super... more We explain an accelerated expansion of the present universe, suggested from observations of supernovae of type Ia at high redshift, by introducing an anti-frictional force that is self-consistently exerted on the particles of the cosmic substratum. Cosmic anti-friction, which is intimately related to "particle production", is shown to give rise to an effective negative pressure of the cosmic medium. While other explanations for an accelerated expansion (cosmological constant, quintessence) introduce a component of dark energy besides "standard" cold dark matter (CDM) we resort to a phenomenological one-component model of CDM with internal self-interactions. We demonstrate how the dynamics of the ΛCDM model may be recovered as a special case of cosmic anti-friction. We discuss the connection with two-component models and obtain an attractor behavior for the ratio of the energy densities of both components which provides a possible phenomenological solution to the coincidence problem.
We discuss new exact spherically symmetric static solutions to non-minimally extended Einstein-Ya... more We discuss new exact spherically symmetric static solutions to non-minimally extended Einstein-Yang-Mills equations. The obtained solution to the Yang-Mills subsystem is interpreted as a non-minimal Wu-Yang monopole solution. We focus on the analysis of two classes of the exact solutions to the gravitational field equations. Solutions of the first class belong to the Reissner-Nordstr{\"o}m type, i.e., they are characterized by horizons and by the singularity at the point of origin. The solutions of the second class are regular ones. The horizons and singularities of a new type, the non-minimal ones, are indicated.
Motivated by the structure of one-loop vacuum polarization effects in curved spacetime we discuss... more Motivated by the structure of one-loop vacuum polarization effects in curved spacetime we discuss a non-minimal extension of the Einstein-Maxwell equations. This formalism is applied to Bianchi I models with magnetic field. We obtain several exact solutions of the non-minimal system including those which describe an isotropization process. We show that there are inflationary solutions in which the cosmological constant is determined by the non-minimal coupling parameters. Furthermore, we find an isotropic de Sitter solution characterized by a "screening" of the magnetic field as a consequence of the non-minimal coupling.
In this (second) part of the work we present the results of numerical and qualitative analysis, b... more In this (second) part of the work we present the results of numerical and qualitative analysis, based on a new model of the Archimedean-type interaction between dark matter and dark energy. The Archimedean-type force is linear in the four-gradient of the dark energy pressure and plays a role of self-regulator of the energy redistribution in a cosmic dark fluid. Because of the Archimedean-type interaction the cosmological evolution is shown to have a multistage character. Depending on the choice of the values of the model guiding parameters,the Universe's expansion is shown to be perpetually accelerated, periodic or quasiperiodic with finite number of deceleration/acceleration epochs. We distinguished the models, which can be definitely characterized by the inflation in the early Universe, by the late-time accelerated expansion and nonsingular behavior in intermediate epochs, and classified them with respect to a number of transition points. Transition points appear, when the acceleration parameter changes the sign, providing the natural partition of the Universe's history into epochs of accelerated and decelerated expansion. The strategy and results of numerical calculations are advocated by the qualitative analysis of the instantaneous phase portraits of the dynamic system associated with the key equation for the dark energy pressure evolution.
We establish a new self-consistent system of equations accounting for a nonminimal coupling of th... more We establish a new self-consistent system of equations accounting for a nonminimal coupling of the cooperative gravitational, electromagnetic and pseudoscalar (axion) fields in a multi-component relativistic plasma. The axionic extension of the nonminimal Einstein-Maxwell-Vlasov theory is based on two consistent procedures. First, we use the Lagrange formalism to obtain nonminimal equations for the gravitational, electromagnetic and pseudoscalar fields with the additional sources generated in plasma. Second, we use the Vlasov version of the relativistic kinetic theory of the plasma, guided by the cooperative macroscopic electromagnetic, gravitational and axionic fields, to describe adequately the response of the plasma on the variations of these fields. In order to show the self-consistency of this approach we check directly the compatibility conditions for the master equations for the cooperative fields. Using these compatibility conditions we reconstruct the ponderomotive force, which acts on the plasma particles, and discuss the necessary conditions for existence of the distribution function of the equilibrium type.
Classical and Quantum Gravity, Mar 17, 2005
We establish a new self-consistent system of equations for the gravitational and electromagnetic ... more We establish a new self-consistent system of equations for the gravitational and electromagnetic fields. The procedure is based on a non-minimal nonlinear extension of the standard Einstein Hilbert Maxwell action. General properties of a three-parameter family of non-minimal linear models are discussed. In addition, we show explicitly that a static spherically symmetric charged object can be described by a non-minimal model, second order in the derivatives of the metric, when the susceptibility tensor is proportional to the double-dual Riemann tensor.