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Papers by Alexander Silkin

Research paper thumbnail of After the War: “Virulent” Nationalisms and Collective Memory Traumas in East-Central-Europe. Rez. on: Szarka, L., Pók, A., eds, 2023. Nationalisms in Action: The Great War and its Aftermath in East-Central Europe. Komárom: J. Selye University, 269 p

Centralʹnoevropejskie issledovaniâ, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of “I know the city will be, I know the garden will bloom when there’re such people in a soviet country!” – The Yugoslav communist Stefan Bogdanovski’s life and death in the USSR

Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences eBooks, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of A little man and the totalitarian state: Yugoslav communist Svetozar Jovanović in the USSR (1929-1941)

Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences eBooks, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of A.N. Shemyakin on the russian voluntary movement in 1876

Аннотация: В статье рассматривается вклад Андрея Леонидовича Шемякина (1960-2018) в изучение роли... more Аннотация: В статье рассматривается вклад Андрея Леонидовича Шемякина (1960-2018) в изучение роли русских добровольцев в Сербо-турецкой войне 1876 г. В частности, доказательство им известной гипотезы, что Льву Толстому прототипом для графа Алексея Вронского послужил Николай Раевский 3-й. Освещена полемика с приверженцами антинаучных мифов и заблуждений, получивших распространение в связи с биографией Раевского и другого известного деятеля добровольческого движения-генерала М. Черняева.

Research paper thumbnail of Stjepan Radić and Nikola Pašić as forerunners of liberal democracy in Croatia and Serbia. Historiographic myths and reality

Research paper thumbnail of An attempt to agree: post-Yugoslav historians write the history of Yugoslavia

Research paper thumbnail of Stjepan Radić and Nikola Pašić as Heralds of Liberal Democracy in Croatia and Serbia: Historiographical Myths and Reality

Hungarian historical review, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of DELATNOST CENTRALNOG JUGOSLOVENSKOG BIROA PRI CK RKP(b) U MOSKVI 1920–1921

Istorija 20. veka, Aug 1, 2021

APSTRAKT: U članku se razmatra delatnost Centralnog jugoslovenskog biroa pri Centralnom komitetu ... more APSTRAKT: U članku se razmatra delatnost Centralnog jugoslovenskog biroa pri Centralnom komitetu Ruske komunističke partije (boljševika) u završnoj fazi Građanskog rata u Rusiji. Prema tvrđenjima sovjetske i jugoslovenske istoriografije socijalističkog perioda, jugoslovenske komunističke organizacije su se 1920-1921. godine uglavnom bavile omogućavanjem povratka u domovinu Jugoslovena koji su učestvovali u Građanskom ratu na strani kako crvenih, tako i belih. Dokumenti korišćeni u članku omogućavaju da se tvrdi da ove organizacije nisu toliko doprinele repatrijaciji sunarodnika, koliko su pokušavale da po svom nahođenju odlučuju ko je od Jugoslovena "proleterski element" i kao takav može računati na povratak, a ko, poput "svih bivših srpskih i crnogorskih podanika bez izuzetka", podleže zatvaranju u koncentracioni logor, kako bi kasnije mogli da posluže i kao taoci. U zaključku, autor nudi svoje viđenje razloga za ukidanje ovih organizacija jugoslovenskih komunista. KLJUČNE REČI: Centralni jugoslovenski biro za agitaciju i propagandu, Ruska komunistička partija (boljševika), ratni zarobljenici, jugoslovenski komunisti, građanski rat, Sovjetska Rusija, koncentracioni logori, taoci U Moskvi je 2. marta 1920. obrazovan Centralni jugoslovenski biro za agitaciju i propagandu (CJB) pri CK RKP(b)-poslednja od velikih organizacija jugoslovenskih komunista koje su postojale u Rusiji za vreme Građanskog rata. 1 Predistorija pojave CJB i njegova delatnost do avgusta 1921. proučene su dovoljno podrobno kako u sovjetskoj, tako i u jugoslovenskoj istoriografiji. 2 U vezi sa prvom, organizacijama stranih komunista u Sovjetskoj Rusiji posvećeni su članci, monografije i zbornici dokumenata, koje su objavili saradnici Instituta

Research paper thumbnail of “Cultural diplomacy” in the absence of diplomatic relations: Pushkin’s “Vsevolozhsky Writing book” returns to Russia

The return of the “Vsevolozhsky Writing Book” from Belgrade to Moscow (1933) is of interest not o... more The return of the “Vsevolozhsky Writing Book” from Belgrade to Moscow (1933) is of interest not only from the point of view of studying and preserving literary heritage, but also as an important episode in the history of Russian-Serbian relations. These relations are a complex phenomenon, the evolution of which, according to Miroslav Jovanović, took course at “various levels of the historical past: in the plane of politics and diplomacy; spiritual and church, social and cultural ties; relatively frequent migrations from one environment to another; fragmented economic relations; and, finally, in the plane of individual, personal contacts, connections and impressions”. It is obvious what of the above in particular came to the fore during the period of mutual non-recognition between the USSR and Yu-goslavia (1918-1940). The correspondence between the Serbian philologist and translator Jovan Maksimović and Vladimir Bonch-Bruevich that resulted in the acquisition of the Pushkin manuscript by the Literary Museum refers to the type of informal contacts that maintained relations between Russia and Serbia even when political ties were interrupted. “Over time, cultural, spiritual, and social contacts developed into what is today called traditional in Serbian-Russian relations, and what greatly influenced the formation of collective memory, mentality, and mutual perception”. As for the Serbs, one of the peculiarities of this perception was the widespread Russophilia or the idea of “real/fictional proximity” with the Russians. Without this, Pushkin's manuscript would not have returned to Russia.

Research paper thumbnail of Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes / Yugoslavia (1918- 1941) in the pages of the collective work “Yugoslavia in historical perspective” (Belgrade, 2017)

Историческая экспертиза, Mar 29, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Nikola Pašić and Stjepan Radić. “Restauration Ideas” in Contemporary Serbian and Croatian Historiography

Славяноведение, Oct 1, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Особенности "новой" южнославянской государственности: Болгария, Сербия, Черногория, Королевство СХС в 1878-1921 гг

Research paper thumbnail of A.L. Shemyakin on the Russian volunteer movement of 1876

Slavs and Russia: Historical Slavic Studies and Balkanistics. To the 75th anniversary of the foundation of the Institute of Slavic Studies

The author examines the contribution of a famous Russian scholar Andrey Leonidovich Shemyakin (19... more The author examines the contribution of a famous Russian scholar Andrey Leonidovich Shemyakin (1960-2018) to the study of the role of Russian volunteers in the Serbian-Turkish War of 1876. In particular, the proof of the well-known hypothesis that Nikolai Rayevsky III served as a prototype for the image of Count Alexei Vronsky in the novel by Leo Tolstoy “Anna Karenina”. The article highlights the debate with adherents of anti-scientific myths and misconceptions that have become widespread in connection with the biography of Rayevsky and another well-known figure of the volunteer movement, General M.G. Chernyaev.

Research paper thumbnail of Андреј Шемјакин о Србији и Србима

Русиja и Србија на прелому векова : српске теме Андреја Шемјакина, 2020

Институт за словенске студије Руске академије наука Андрей Шемякин о Сербии и сербах Андреј Шемја... more Институт за словенске студије Руске академије наука Андрей Шемякин о Сербии и сербах Андреј Шемјакин о Србији и Србима 8 марта 2018 г. в возрасте 57 лет умер Андрей Леонидович Шемякин. Его преждевременная смерть повергла всех в шок. Он ушел в самом расцвете творческих сил, не сделав многого из задуманного. 1 Последнее, что он успел сдать в печать,-некролог белградскому профессору Джордже Станковичу. 2 Работая над ним, Андрей Леонидович сетовал, что непросто в одном тексте совместить описание жизненного пути и личных черт старшего товарища с оценкой его научных достижений. Мы оказались в том же положении. Можно ли в небольшой заметке объяснить, каким был А.Л. Шемякин? У тех, кто с ним общался, в памяти останется его яркий образ. У каждого свой. А тем, кто его не знал, в двух словах не расскажешь. Главное, что талант ученого сочетался в нем с выдающимися человеческими качествами. В чем причина такой гармонии? Наверное, имели значение основные события его биографии-где родился, как рос, когда призвали на военную службу и т.д. Не зря он так * * * Андрей Шемякин родился 1 мая 1960 г. в Туле, не то, что очень

Research paper thumbnail of The Image of Power in the “Constitution of the Neutral Peasant Republic of Croatia” (1921)

Central-European Studies

There is a tendency in Croatian historiography to present the government Stjepan Radić, who heade... more There is a tendency in Croatian historiography to present the government Stjepan Radić, who headed the Croatian (Republican) Peasants’ Party, as the forerunner of modern liberal democracy. The argument is the so-called Constitution of the Neutral Peasant Republic (1921), which provided for universal suffrage, government responsibility to the representative body, separation of powers, and so on. However, its other provisions do not align well with liberalism and, in general, with “modern” ideas about the state-legal structure. The Constitution should be viewed not as a draft law, but as a propaganda tool that appealed to the patriarchal-traditional views of the target audience. The state appeared as an enlarged model of a “peasant’s house” or “zadruga”, at the head of which was a strict but fair father of the people. He was endowed with not only secular, but also spiritual power over his “children”. S. Radić perceived the totality of his own slogans as a “reborn Christian religion”, ...

Research paper thumbnail of Democratic Party in the Early Years of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. “The Only Party of All Tribes, All Religions and All Classes”

Central-European Studies, 2021

The article deals with the Democratic Party, founded in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes... more The article deals with the Democratic Party, founded in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in 1919. The party existed until the early years after the Second World War. However, despite more than 30 years of history, in the first half of the 1920s the inability of the party to fulfill its original mission, as its founders saw it, was manifested. That predetermined the split of the Democratic Party in 1924. One after another, the founders of the party abandoned the fundamentalist Yugoslavism that characterized the first program of the party and its activities in the early 1920s. Not only did the democrats show a utilitarian approach to their own Yugoslavist credo, but so did almost everyone who hoped to occupy certain positions of power in the 1920s. Politicians had to balance the need to swear allegiance to the supranational ideology that laid the foundation of Yugoslavia with the desire to match the marginalized “narrow tribal” sentiments of voters. What happened to the democ...

Research paper thumbnail of Serbian political parties and the constitution issue in the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918-21)

Research paper thumbnail of “The experience of the Russian proletariat let us carrying out the same task correctly in Yugoslavia ...” The participation of Yugoslav students in collectivisation in the USSR in the early 1930s

Research paper thumbnail of Vukashin Markovic as the “Mirror of the Russian Revolution”

The Centennial of Two Emigrations. 1919–2019, 2019

Вукашин Маркович как «зеркало русской революции» (статья написана в рамках проекта РФФИ № № 19-09... more Вукашин Маркович как «зеркало русской революции» (статья написана в рамках проекта РФФИ № № 19-09-00163) Аннотация: В статье реконструируется революционный путь черногорского коммуниста Вукашина Марковича. Подобно тому, как после ХХ съезда в Советском союзе получил распространение миф о «Ленинской гвардии», в восточноевропейских государствах тоже начали вслух сокрушаться о судьбе собственных коммунистов, павших жертвой «сталинских чисток». С одной стороны, так проявлялось ослабление политико-идеологического гнета Москвы, которому подвергались «страны народной демократии». С другой, с 1920-х гг. все значимые процессы и кампании, происходившие в РКП(б)/ ВКП(б)/КПСС, в той или иной форме копировались в вассальных компартиях. Судьба иностранных коммунистов в СССР, репрессированных в эпоху «Большого террора», служит важным уроком, приближающим к пониманию исторического пути России в ХХ в. Во многом революция и гражданская война с ее катастрофическими последствиями-дело их рук. Однако с этими «безумными романтиками», как называл их Анджей Вайда, расправились люди и созданные ими репрессивные институты куда более последовательные в своем людоедстве. Эту «эволюцию» мы наблюдаем в документах, повествующих об иностранных коммунистах, решивших «помочь строительству социализма».

Research paper thumbnail of The Centennial of Russian Emigration in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and of the Yugoslav in Soviet Russia. Foreword

The Centennial of Two Emigrations. 1919–2019

Research paper thumbnail of After the War: “Virulent” Nationalisms and Collective Memory Traumas in East-Central-Europe. Rez. on: Szarka, L., Pók, A., eds, 2023. Nationalisms in Action: The Great War and its Aftermath in East-Central Europe. Komárom: J. Selye University, 269 p

Centralʹnoevropejskie issledovaniâ, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of “I know the city will be, I know the garden will bloom when there’re such people in a soviet country!” – The Yugoslav communist Stefan Bogdanovski’s life and death in the USSR

Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences eBooks, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of A little man and the totalitarian state: Yugoslav communist Svetozar Jovanović in the USSR (1929-1941)

Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences eBooks, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of A.N. Shemyakin on the russian voluntary movement in 1876

Аннотация: В статье рассматривается вклад Андрея Леонидовича Шемякина (1960-2018) в изучение роли... more Аннотация: В статье рассматривается вклад Андрея Леонидовича Шемякина (1960-2018) в изучение роли русских добровольцев в Сербо-турецкой войне 1876 г. В частности, доказательство им известной гипотезы, что Льву Толстому прототипом для графа Алексея Вронского послужил Николай Раевский 3-й. Освещена полемика с приверженцами антинаучных мифов и заблуждений, получивших распространение в связи с биографией Раевского и другого известного деятеля добровольческого движения-генерала М. Черняева.

Research paper thumbnail of Stjepan Radić and Nikola Pašić as forerunners of liberal democracy in Croatia and Serbia. Historiographic myths and reality

Research paper thumbnail of An attempt to agree: post-Yugoslav historians write the history of Yugoslavia

Research paper thumbnail of Stjepan Radić and Nikola Pašić as Heralds of Liberal Democracy in Croatia and Serbia: Historiographical Myths and Reality

Hungarian historical review, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of DELATNOST CENTRALNOG JUGOSLOVENSKOG BIROA PRI CK RKP(b) U MOSKVI 1920–1921

Istorija 20. veka, Aug 1, 2021

APSTRAKT: U članku se razmatra delatnost Centralnog jugoslovenskog biroa pri Centralnom komitetu ... more APSTRAKT: U članku se razmatra delatnost Centralnog jugoslovenskog biroa pri Centralnom komitetu Ruske komunističke partije (boljševika) u završnoj fazi Građanskog rata u Rusiji. Prema tvrđenjima sovjetske i jugoslovenske istoriografije socijalističkog perioda, jugoslovenske komunističke organizacije su se 1920-1921. godine uglavnom bavile omogućavanjem povratka u domovinu Jugoslovena koji su učestvovali u Građanskom ratu na strani kako crvenih, tako i belih. Dokumenti korišćeni u članku omogućavaju da se tvrdi da ove organizacije nisu toliko doprinele repatrijaciji sunarodnika, koliko su pokušavale da po svom nahođenju odlučuju ko je od Jugoslovena "proleterski element" i kao takav može računati na povratak, a ko, poput "svih bivših srpskih i crnogorskih podanika bez izuzetka", podleže zatvaranju u koncentracioni logor, kako bi kasnije mogli da posluže i kao taoci. U zaključku, autor nudi svoje viđenje razloga za ukidanje ovih organizacija jugoslovenskih komunista. KLJUČNE REČI: Centralni jugoslovenski biro za agitaciju i propagandu, Ruska komunistička partija (boljševika), ratni zarobljenici, jugoslovenski komunisti, građanski rat, Sovjetska Rusija, koncentracioni logori, taoci U Moskvi je 2. marta 1920. obrazovan Centralni jugoslovenski biro za agitaciju i propagandu (CJB) pri CK RKP(b)-poslednja od velikih organizacija jugoslovenskih komunista koje su postojale u Rusiji za vreme Građanskog rata. 1 Predistorija pojave CJB i njegova delatnost do avgusta 1921. proučene su dovoljno podrobno kako u sovjetskoj, tako i u jugoslovenskoj istoriografiji. 2 U vezi sa prvom, organizacijama stranih komunista u Sovjetskoj Rusiji posvećeni su članci, monografije i zbornici dokumenata, koje su objavili saradnici Instituta

Research paper thumbnail of “Cultural diplomacy” in the absence of diplomatic relations: Pushkin’s “Vsevolozhsky Writing book” returns to Russia

The return of the “Vsevolozhsky Writing Book” from Belgrade to Moscow (1933) is of interest not o... more The return of the “Vsevolozhsky Writing Book” from Belgrade to Moscow (1933) is of interest not only from the point of view of studying and preserving literary heritage, but also as an important episode in the history of Russian-Serbian relations. These relations are a complex phenomenon, the evolution of which, according to Miroslav Jovanović, took course at “various levels of the historical past: in the plane of politics and diplomacy; spiritual and church, social and cultural ties; relatively frequent migrations from one environment to another; fragmented economic relations; and, finally, in the plane of individual, personal contacts, connections and impressions”. It is obvious what of the above in particular came to the fore during the period of mutual non-recognition between the USSR and Yu-goslavia (1918-1940). The correspondence between the Serbian philologist and translator Jovan Maksimović and Vladimir Bonch-Bruevich that resulted in the acquisition of the Pushkin manuscript by the Literary Museum refers to the type of informal contacts that maintained relations between Russia and Serbia even when political ties were interrupted. “Over time, cultural, spiritual, and social contacts developed into what is today called traditional in Serbian-Russian relations, and what greatly influenced the formation of collective memory, mentality, and mutual perception”. As for the Serbs, one of the peculiarities of this perception was the widespread Russophilia or the idea of “real/fictional proximity” with the Russians. Without this, Pushkin's manuscript would not have returned to Russia.

Research paper thumbnail of Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes / Yugoslavia (1918- 1941) in the pages of the collective work “Yugoslavia in historical perspective” (Belgrade, 2017)

Историческая экспертиза, Mar 29, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Nikola Pašić and Stjepan Radić. “Restauration Ideas” in Contemporary Serbian and Croatian Historiography

Славяноведение, Oct 1, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Особенности "новой" южнославянской государственности: Болгария, Сербия, Черногория, Королевство СХС в 1878-1921 гг

Research paper thumbnail of A.L. Shemyakin on the Russian volunteer movement of 1876

Slavs and Russia: Historical Slavic Studies and Balkanistics. To the 75th anniversary of the foundation of the Institute of Slavic Studies

The author examines the contribution of a famous Russian scholar Andrey Leonidovich Shemyakin (19... more The author examines the contribution of a famous Russian scholar Andrey Leonidovich Shemyakin (1960-2018) to the study of the role of Russian volunteers in the Serbian-Turkish War of 1876. In particular, the proof of the well-known hypothesis that Nikolai Rayevsky III served as a prototype for the image of Count Alexei Vronsky in the novel by Leo Tolstoy “Anna Karenina”. The article highlights the debate with adherents of anti-scientific myths and misconceptions that have become widespread in connection with the biography of Rayevsky and another well-known figure of the volunteer movement, General M.G. Chernyaev.

Research paper thumbnail of Андреј Шемјакин о Србији и Србима

Русиja и Србија на прелому векова : српске теме Андреја Шемјакина, 2020

Институт за словенске студије Руске академије наука Андрей Шемякин о Сербии и сербах Андреј Шемја... more Институт за словенске студије Руске академије наука Андрей Шемякин о Сербии и сербах Андреј Шемјакин о Србији и Србима 8 марта 2018 г. в возрасте 57 лет умер Андрей Леонидович Шемякин. Его преждевременная смерть повергла всех в шок. Он ушел в самом расцвете творческих сил, не сделав многого из задуманного. 1 Последнее, что он успел сдать в печать,-некролог белградскому профессору Джордже Станковичу. 2 Работая над ним, Андрей Леонидович сетовал, что непросто в одном тексте совместить описание жизненного пути и личных черт старшего товарища с оценкой его научных достижений. Мы оказались в том же положении. Можно ли в небольшой заметке объяснить, каким был А.Л. Шемякин? У тех, кто с ним общался, в памяти останется его яркий образ. У каждого свой. А тем, кто его не знал, в двух словах не расскажешь. Главное, что талант ученого сочетался в нем с выдающимися человеческими качествами. В чем причина такой гармонии? Наверное, имели значение основные события его биографии-где родился, как рос, когда призвали на военную службу и т.д. Не зря он так * * * Андрей Шемякин родился 1 мая 1960 г. в Туле, не то, что очень

Research paper thumbnail of The Image of Power in the “Constitution of the Neutral Peasant Republic of Croatia” (1921)

Central-European Studies

There is a tendency in Croatian historiography to present the government Stjepan Radić, who heade... more There is a tendency in Croatian historiography to present the government Stjepan Radić, who headed the Croatian (Republican) Peasants’ Party, as the forerunner of modern liberal democracy. The argument is the so-called Constitution of the Neutral Peasant Republic (1921), which provided for universal suffrage, government responsibility to the representative body, separation of powers, and so on. However, its other provisions do not align well with liberalism and, in general, with “modern” ideas about the state-legal structure. The Constitution should be viewed not as a draft law, but as a propaganda tool that appealed to the patriarchal-traditional views of the target audience. The state appeared as an enlarged model of a “peasant’s house” or “zadruga”, at the head of which was a strict but fair father of the people. He was endowed with not only secular, but also spiritual power over his “children”. S. Radić perceived the totality of his own slogans as a “reborn Christian religion”, ...

Research paper thumbnail of Democratic Party in the Early Years of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. “The Only Party of All Tribes, All Religions and All Classes”

Central-European Studies, 2021

The article deals with the Democratic Party, founded in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes... more The article deals with the Democratic Party, founded in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in 1919. The party existed until the early years after the Second World War. However, despite more than 30 years of history, in the first half of the 1920s the inability of the party to fulfill its original mission, as its founders saw it, was manifested. That predetermined the split of the Democratic Party in 1924. One after another, the founders of the party abandoned the fundamentalist Yugoslavism that characterized the first program of the party and its activities in the early 1920s. Not only did the democrats show a utilitarian approach to their own Yugoslavist credo, but so did almost everyone who hoped to occupy certain positions of power in the 1920s. Politicians had to balance the need to swear allegiance to the supranational ideology that laid the foundation of Yugoslavia with the desire to match the marginalized “narrow tribal” sentiments of voters. What happened to the democ...

Research paper thumbnail of Serbian political parties and the constitution issue in the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918-21)

Research paper thumbnail of “The experience of the Russian proletariat let us carrying out the same task correctly in Yugoslavia ...” The participation of Yugoslav students in collectivisation in the USSR in the early 1930s

Research paper thumbnail of Vukashin Markovic as the “Mirror of the Russian Revolution”

The Centennial of Two Emigrations. 1919–2019, 2019

Вукашин Маркович как «зеркало русской революции» (статья написана в рамках проекта РФФИ № № 19-09... more Вукашин Маркович как «зеркало русской революции» (статья написана в рамках проекта РФФИ № № 19-09-00163) Аннотация: В статье реконструируется революционный путь черногорского коммуниста Вукашина Марковича. Подобно тому, как после ХХ съезда в Советском союзе получил распространение миф о «Ленинской гвардии», в восточноевропейских государствах тоже начали вслух сокрушаться о судьбе собственных коммунистов, павших жертвой «сталинских чисток». С одной стороны, так проявлялось ослабление политико-идеологического гнета Москвы, которому подвергались «страны народной демократии». С другой, с 1920-х гг. все значимые процессы и кампании, происходившие в РКП(б)/ ВКП(б)/КПСС, в той или иной форме копировались в вассальных компартиях. Судьба иностранных коммунистов в СССР, репрессированных в эпоху «Большого террора», служит важным уроком, приближающим к пониманию исторического пути России в ХХ в. Во многом революция и гражданская война с ее катастрофическими последствиями-дело их рук. Однако с этими «безумными романтиками», как называл их Анджей Вайда, расправились люди и созданные ими репрессивные институты куда более последовательные в своем людоедстве. Эту «эволюцию» мы наблюдаем в документах, повествующих об иностранных коммунистах, решивших «помочь строительству социализма».

Research paper thumbnail of The Centennial of Russian Emigration in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and of the Yugoslav in Soviet Russia. Foreword

The Centennial of Two Emigrations. 1919–2019