Alexey Chernov - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Alexey Chernov
Contemporary Physics, 1989
Growth of high quality crystals has played an important role in sophisticated, modern- day techno... more Growth of high quality crystals has played an important role in sophisticated, modern- day technologies and in recent advances in physics. It has also provided examples in the study of self-organizing dissipative structures. This paper reviews the science of crystal growth and discusses recent data, particularly with regard to kinetics of growth and defects in crystal lattices.
Contemporary Physics, 1989
Growth of high quality crystals has played an important role in sophisticated, modern- day techno... more Growth of high quality crystals has played an important role in sophisticated, modern- day technologies and in recent advances in physics. It has also provided examples in the study of self-organizing dissipative structures. This paper reviews the science of crystal growth and discusses recent data, particularly with regard to kinetics of growth and defects in crystal lattices.
Contemporary Physics, 1989
Growth of high quality crystals has played an important role in sophisticated, modern- day techno... more Growth of high quality crystals has played an important role in sophisticated, modern- day technologies and in recent advances in physics. It has also provided examples in the study of self-organizing dissipative structures. This paper reviews the science of crystal growth and discusses recent data, particularly with regard to kinetics of growth and defects in crystal lattices.
Proteins-structure Function and Bioinformatics, 1999
The mechanisms by which macromolecular impurities degrade the diffraction properties of protein c... more The mechanisms by which macromolecular impurities degrade the diffraction properties of protein crystals have been investigated using X-ray topography, high-resolution diffraction line shape measurements, crystallographic data collection, chemical analysis, and two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy. Hen egg-white lysozyme crystals grown from solutions containing a structurally unrelated protein (ovotransferrin) and a related protein (turkey egg-white lysozyme) can exhibit significantly broadened mosaicity due to formation of cracks and dislocations but have overall B factors and diffraction resolutions comparable to those of crystals grown from uncontaminated lysozyme. Direct fluorescence imaging of the threedimensional impurity distribution shows that impurities incorporate with different densities in sectors formed by growth on different crystal faces, and that impurity densities in the crystal core and along boundaries between growth sectors can be much larger than in other parts of the crystal. These nonuniformities create stresses that drive formation of the defects responsible for the mosaic broadening. Our results provide a rationale for the use of seeding to obtain high-quality crystals from heavily contaminated solutions and have implications for the use of crystallization for protein purification.
Journal of Crystal Growth, 2005
New findings on calcium oxalate monohydrate, monoclinic lysozyme and potassium dihydrophosphate c... more New findings on calcium oxalate monohydrate, monoclinic lysozyme and potassium dihydrophosphate crystal growth are presented and discussed. Atomic force microscopy was applied to measure step rates on CaOx and monoclinic lysozyme faces to understand kink kinetics. High precision Michaelson interferometry allowed to discover step splitting on the (1 0 1) KH 2 PO 4 face growing from turbulent solution. In all three cases, aqueous solutions at room temperature were used.
Journal of Crystal Growth, 2000
Ribonuclease, insulin, cytochrome C, myoglobin and ovalbumin were introduced into solutions from ... more Ribonuclease, insulin, cytochrome C, myoglobin and ovalbumin were introduced into solutions from which ferritin and lysozyme crystals were grown. These measurements were also performed for the ferritin dimers trapped by growing ferritin crystals. The crystals were later dissolved in a pure solvent, the impurity concentrations were measured by high performance liquid chromatography and the e!ective impurity distribution coe$cient, K, was evaluated relative to the initial concentrations of ferritin or lysozyme. The density of impurity species in crystal relative to its density in mother solution were used to calculate volumetric distribution coe$cient, k. These distribution coe$cients were found to exceed unity (k'1) in terrestrial condition for all impurity species, except for insulin and cytochrome C lysozyme. For ferritin dimers, K"4, k"1.8;10. Crystals grown in space under the otherwise identical conditions incorporated lower amounts of all of these impurities, majority of them below the detection limit. The lower impurity incorporation obtained in stagnant solution may be partially due to more di$cult impurity supply through the impurity depletion zone arising around the growing crystals at k'1 in the absence of buoyancy driven convection or stirring. Analytical estimates of the depletion zone show reasonable agreement with measurements for ferritin dimers.
Contemporary Physics, 1989
Growth of high quality crystals has played an important role in sophisticated, modern- day techno... more Growth of high quality crystals has played an important role in sophisticated, modern- day technologies and in recent advances in physics. It has also provided examples in the study of self-organizing dissipative structures. This paper reviews the science of crystal growth and discusses recent data, particularly with regard to kinetics of growth and defects in crystal lattices.
Contemporary Physics, 1989
Growth of high quality crystals has played an important role in sophisticated, modern- day techno... more Growth of high quality crystals has played an important role in sophisticated, modern- day technologies and in recent advances in physics. It has also provided examples in the study of self-organizing dissipative structures. This paper reviews the science of crystal growth and discusses recent data, particularly with regard to kinetics of growth and defects in crystal lattices.
Contemporary Physics, 1989
Growth of high quality crystals has played an important role in sophisticated, modern- day techno... more Growth of high quality crystals has played an important role in sophisticated, modern- day technologies and in recent advances in physics. It has also provided examples in the study of self-organizing dissipative structures. This paper reviews the science of crystal growth and discusses recent data, particularly with regard to kinetics of growth and defects in crystal lattices.
Proteins-structure Function and Bioinformatics, 1999
The mechanisms by which macromolecular impurities degrade the diffraction properties of protein c... more The mechanisms by which macromolecular impurities degrade the diffraction properties of protein crystals have been investigated using X-ray topography, high-resolution diffraction line shape measurements, crystallographic data collection, chemical analysis, and two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy. Hen egg-white lysozyme crystals grown from solutions containing a structurally unrelated protein (ovotransferrin) and a related protein (turkey egg-white lysozyme) can exhibit significantly broadened mosaicity due to formation of cracks and dislocations but have overall B factors and diffraction resolutions comparable to those of crystals grown from uncontaminated lysozyme. Direct fluorescence imaging of the threedimensional impurity distribution shows that impurities incorporate with different densities in sectors formed by growth on different crystal faces, and that impurity densities in the crystal core and along boundaries between growth sectors can be much larger than in other parts of the crystal. These nonuniformities create stresses that drive formation of the defects responsible for the mosaic broadening. Our results provide a rationale for the use of seeding to obtain high-quality crystals from heavily contaminated solutions and have implications for the use of crystallization for protein purification.
Journal of Crystal Growth, 2005
New findings on calcium oxalate monohydrate, monoclinic lysozyme and potassium dihydrophosphate c... more New findings on calcium oxalate monohydrate, monoclinic lysozyme and potassium dihydrophosphate crystal growth are presented and discussed. Atomic force microscopy was applied to measure step rates on CaOx and monoclinic lysozyme faces to understand kink kinetics. High precision Michaelson interferometry allowed to discover step splitting on the (1 0 1) KH 2 PO 4 face growing from turbulent solution. In all three cases, aqueous solutions at room temperature were used.
Journal of Crystal Growth, 2000
Ribonuclease, insulin, cytochrome C, myoglobin and ovalbumin were introduced into solutions from ... more Ribonuclease, insulin, cytochrome C, myoglobin and ovalbumin were introduced into solutions from which ferritin and lysozyme crystals were grown. These measurements were also performed for the ferritin dimers trapped by growing ferritin crystals. The crystals were later dissolved in a pure solvent, the impurity concentrations were measured by high performance liquid chromatography and the e!ective impurity distribution coe$cient, K, was evaluated relative to the initial concentrations of ferritin or lysozyme. The density of impurity species in crystal relative to its density in mother solution were used to calculate volumetric distribution coe$cient, k. These distribution coe$cients were found to exceed unity (k'1) in terrestrial condition for all impurity species, except for insulin and cytochrome C lysozyme. For ferritin dimers, K"4, k"1.8;10. Crystals grown in space under the otherwise identical conditions incorporated lower amounts of all of these impurities, majority of them below the detection limit. The lower impurity incorporation obtained in stagnant solution may be partially due to more di$cult impurity supply through the impurity depletion zone arising around the growing crystals at k'1 in the absence of buoyancy driven convection or stirring. Analytical estimates of the depletion zone show reasonable agreement with measurements for ferritin dimers.