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Papers by Ali Kabir

BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2019

The effects of β blockers on the primary prevention of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity were ... more The effects of β blockers on the primary prevention of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity were controversial. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials of the comparison of β blockers versus placebo in patients undergoing anthracycline chemotherapy. This meta-analysis was performed by using random-effect models. Results: Nine hundred forty participants from 11 trials were included in this meta-analysis. β blockers led to a significant reduction in symptomatic heart failure (risk ratio [RR] 0.29, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.85). Compared with placebo, β blockers were associated with improved left ventricular ejection fraction (mean difference [MD] 4.46, 95% CI 1.77 to 7.15) and s' (MD 0.78, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.55) in parallel with reduced left ventricular diameter (left ventricular end systolic diameter, MD -3.19, 95% CI -6.17 to -0.21; left ventricular end diastolic diameter, MD -2.28, 95% CI 4.50 to -0.05). β blockers also improved strain and strain rate when compared with placebo. There were no significant differences in diastolic function variables between β blockers and placebo except e' (MD 2.33, 95% CI 0.16 to 4.51). In addition, β blockers compared with placebo reduced the risk of cardiac troponin I elevation > 0.04 ng/ml (RR 0. 60, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.85). There was no marked difference in adverse events (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.59) between β blockers and placebo. Conclusions: In cancer patients with anthracycline therapy, prophylactic β blockers were associated with reduced risk of heart failure, decreased left ventricular diameter, improved left ventricular systolic function, and alleviative cardiomyocyte injury.

Clinical Rehabilitation, 2007

Objective : To determine whether patients who subsequently drop out of a structured cardiac rehab... more Objective : To determine whether patients who subsequently drop out of a structured cardiac rehabilitation programme could be prospectively distinguished from those who remain in the programme based upon their initial baseline characteristics. Design : A cohort study. Setting : A referral rehabilitation department in a cardiovascular research and training institute. Subjects : One thousand one hundred and fifteen coronary heart disease patients including patients with ischaemic heart disease, and those undergoing bypass surgery or percutaneous coronary interventions. Interventions : Demographic characteristics, coronary heart disease risk factors, ejection fraction, functional capacity and laboratory tests were considered at baseline. Main measures : Patients who completed all 24 sessions of the cardiac rehabilitation programme were compared with drop-out cases who did not. Results : Four hundred and ninety-nine patients (44.8%) completed the whole cardiac rehabilitation programme. ...

The Effect of Maternal Bariatric Surgery on Offspring Anthropometry: A Mixed Cohort

Obesity surgery, Jun 14, 2024

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for several pregnancy complications, like Gestational Diabet... more Background: Obesity is a risk factor for several pregnancy complications, like Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), Pre-Eclampsia (PE), and Large Gestational Age (LGA) pregnancy. While bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for obesity, it can also lead to complications and may be associated with small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses. This protocol of a cohort study aims to assess the maternal and fetal/neonatal outcomes during pregnancy, labor, and postpartum in two groups of Iranian pregnant women: those with a history of bariatric surgery and those with obesity but no history of bariatric surgery. Methods: In this study Pregnant women (< 14 weeks’ gestation) (n = 38 per group) are recruited either from obesity clinic of Hazrat-e Rasool Hospital (exposure group =with a history of bariatric surgery) or primary healthcare clinics in Tehran city (comparison group=pregnant women with obesity and and no history of bariatric surgery). Diet...

Reproductive Health, Jan 16, 2024

Background Being obese can lead to various complications during pregnancy, such as Gestational Di... more Background Being obese can lead to various complications during pregnancy, such as Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), Pre-Eclampsia (PE), and Large Gestational Age (LGA). Although bariatric surgery is an effective way to treat obesity, it can also result in complications and may be linked to having small for gestational age (SGA) babies. This cohort study protocol aims to compare the maternal and fetal/neonatal outcomes of two groups of Iranian pregnant women: those who have undergone bariatric surgery and those who are obese but have not had bariatric surgery. Methods In this study Pregnant women (< 14 weeks' gestation) (n = 38 per group) are recruited either from one of the obesity clinic (exposure group = with a history of bariatric surgery) or primary healthcare clinics in Tehran city (comparison group = pregnant women with obesity and and no history of bariatric surgery). Dietary intake and nutrient status are assessed at < 14, 28, and 36 weeks. Maternal and fetal/neonatal outcomes are compared between the two groups, including gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, preterm labor, intrauterine growth restriction, severe nausea and vomiting, abortion, placenta previa and abruption, venous thrombosis, vaginal bleeding, cesarean delivery, meconium aspiration, and respiratory distress. Maternal serum levels of ferritin, albumin, zinc, calcium, magnesium, selenium, copper, vitamins A, B9, B12, and 25-hydroxy Vit D are checked during 24th to 28th weeks. Maternal and neonatal outcomes, including height, weight, head circumference, fetal abnormality, infection, small or large fetus, low birth weight, macrosomia, NICU admission, and total weight gain during pregnancy, are measured at birth. Maternal and offspring outcomes, including weight, height, head circumference, total weight gain during pregnancy, newborn diseases, postpartum bleeding, breastfeeding, and related problems, are assessed 6 weeks after delivery. Child's weight, height, and head circumference are followed at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 months after birth. Maternal stress, anxiety, and depression are assessed with the DASS-21 questionnaire, and physical activity is evaluated using the PPAQ questionnaire in the first and third trimesters.

Effectiveness of continuing medical education considering participant's idea in Iran University

PubMed, Jun 1, 2010

Objective: To examine the satisfaction and perception of participants with the current CME progra... more Objective: To examine the satisfaction and perception of participants with the current CME programme in Iran and eventually to re-design the programme accordingly. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study the attitude of participants in 28 CME programmes of Iran University, Iran, implemented between 2007 and 2009 were evaluated. A questionnaire was prepared (reliability coefficient of Cronbach's alpha = 0.97) consisting of seven main questions (Likert scale) related to attitude of participants about the quality of programme's content, lecturer teaching skills and participant's learning and satisfaction; three open questions about weaknesses and strengths of the programmes and their recommendations about it; gender, type and duration of different programme. Our participants (physicians, nurses, midwives, health care providers, dentists, clinical laboratorists and nutritionist) completed the questionnaire at the end of their CME programmes. Results: According to total score of the questions > or = 28, only 47.7% believed that the CME programme was effective. Workshops were more effective than seminar sessions (61.5% vs 30.1%, p < 0.001). Total score of participant's attitude was significantly higher in male in comparison with female (24.6 +/- 0.48 vs 22.9 +/- 0.54, p = 0.02) and also significantly higher for workshops than seminars (28.2 +/- 0.21 vs 24.3 +/- 0.31, p < 0.001). Effective programmes (total score > or = 28) had significantly lower duration (18.1 +/- 0.39 vs 19.1 +/- 0.34 hours, p = 0.044). Conclusion: While short course workshops are preferred in our community, effective, dynamic, and interactive educational methods in CME programme should be considered in this area as well.

Reevaluation of problems and challenges in Iran University of Medical Sciences, the first step to an effective performance improvement

Razi Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020

Background and Objective: Bariatric surgery may lead to an unsuccessful weight loss, weight loss ... more Background and Objective: Bariatric surgery may lead to an unsuccessful weight loss, weight loss plateau, and even weight regain in different time points after various types of surgery. Despite the numerous studies investigated bariatric surgery-induced weight loss, the long-term results of surgery, after repetitive weight fluctuations, is not really clear and remains as one of the most important concerns. The aim of the present study was to determine the key time points of weight changes after three types of bariatric surgery, and the estimation of five-year weight loss after surgery. Setting: This is a retrospective cohort study including patients with morbid obesity conducted in the obesity clinic of Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Methods The subjects underwent one of the three types of bariatric surgeries including laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) ...

International Journal of Cardiovascular Practice

Introduction: Symptomatic chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) is a rare condition that usually occu... more Introduction: Symptomatic chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) is a rare condition that usually occurs due to mesenteric artery stenosis (MAS) with a common incidence. Although the prevalence of symptomatic CMI is less than 2%, MAS is more common in the elderly. Case Presentation: A 60-year-old woman with prolonged eating-related abdominal pain and weight loss treated as cholelithiasis by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography was readmitted by recurrent epigastric pain. At this time, she was reevaluated by computed tomography angiography (CTA), and CMI was confirmed. She was treated with percutaneous mesenteric artery stenting and was discharged without pain. There were no complications or pain after 3 months of follow-up. Conclusions: The most prevalent causes of CMI are atherosclerotic processes, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, overweight, metabolic syndrome, and smoking. The diagnosis of CMI is confirmed by CTA. Recently, endovascular treatment by percutaneous mesenteric arter...

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Li... more This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

Nature Human Behaviour, 2021

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF)—giving infants only breast-milk for the first 6 months of life—is a... more Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF)—giving infants only breast-milk for the first 6 months of life—is a component of optimal breastfeeding practices effective in preventing child morbidity and mortality. EBF practices are known to vary by population and comparable subnational estimates of prevalence and progress across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are required for planning policy and interventions. Here we present a geospatial analysis of EBF prevalence estimates from 2000 to 2018 across 94 LMICs mapped to policy-relevant administrative units (for example, districts), quantify subnational inequalities and their changes over time, and estimate probabilities of meeting the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target (WHO GNT) of ≥70% EBF prevalence by 2030. While six LMICs are projected to meet the WHO GNT of ≥70% EBF prevalence at a national scale, only three are predicted to meet the target in all their district-level units by 2030.

The Lancet HIV, 2021

Background High-resolution estimates of HIV burden across space and time provide an important too... more Background High-resolution estimates of HIV burden across space and time provide an important tool for tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts and assist with improving the precision and efficiency of targeting efforts. We aimed to assess HIV incidence and HIV mortality for all second-level administrative units across sub-Saharan Africa. Methods In this modelling study, we developed a framework that used the geographically specific HIV prevalence data collected in seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care clinics to train a model that estimates HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15-49 years. We used a model-based geostatistical framework to estimate HIV prevalence at the second administrative level in 44 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for 2000-18 and sought data on the number of individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) by second-level administrative unit. We then modified the Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) to use these HIV prevalence and treatment estimates to estimate HIV incidence and mortality by second-level administrative unit. Findings The estimates suggest substantial variation in HIV incidence and mortality rates both between and within countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with 15 countries having a ten-times or greater difference in estimated HIV incidence between the second-level administrative units with the lowest and highest estimated incidence levels. Across all 44 countries in 2018, HIV incidence ranged from 2•8 (95% uncertainty interval 2•1-3•8) in Mauritania to 1585•9 (1369•4-1824•8) cases per 100 000 people in Lesotho and HIV mortality ranged from 0•8 (0•7-0•9) in Mauritania to 676•5 (513•6-888•0) deaths per 100 000 people in Lesotho. Variation in both incidence and mortality was substantially greater at the subnational level than at the national level and the highest estimated rates were accordingly higher. Among second-level administrative units, Guijá District, Gaza Province, Mozambique, had the highest estimated HIV incidence (4661•7 [2544•8-8120•3]) cases per 100 000 people in 2018 and Inhassunge District, Zambezia Province, Mozambique, had the highest estimated HIV mortality rate (1163•0 [679•0-1866•8]) deaths per 100 000 people. Further, the rate of reduction in HIV incidence and mortality from 2000 to 2018, as well as the ratio of new infections to the number of people living with HIV was highly variable. Although most second-level administrative units had declines in the number of new cases (3316 [81•1%] of 4087 units) and number of deaths (3325 [81•4%]), nearly all appeared well short of the targeted 75% reduction in new cases and deaths between 2010 and 2020. Interpretation Our estimates suggest that most second-level administrative units in sub-Saharan Africa are falling short of the targeted 75% reduction in new cases and deaths by 2020, which is further compounded by substantial within-country variability. These estimates will help decision makers and programme implementers expand access to ART and better target health resources to higher burden subnational areas. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Injury Prevention, 2020

BackgroundWhile there is a long history of measuring death and disability from injuries, modern r... more BackgroundWhile there is a long history of measuring death and disability from injuries, modern research methods must account for the wide spectrum of disability that can occur in an injury, and must provide estimates with sufficient demographic, geographical and temporal detail to be useful for policy makers. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study used methods to provide highly detailed estimates of global injury burden that meet these criteria.MethodsIn this study, we report and discuss the methods used in GBD 2017 for injury morbidity and mortality burden estimation. In summary, these methods included estimating cause-specific mortality for every cause of injury, and then estimating incidence for every cause of injury. Non-fatal disability for each cause is then calculated based on the probabilities of suffering from different types of bodily injury experienced.ResultsGBD 2017 produced morbidity and mortality estimates for 38 causes of injury. Estimates were produced in te...

JAMA oncology, Jan 3, 2016

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Current estimates on the burden of cancer ... more Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Current estimates on the burden of cancer are needed for cancer control planning. To estimate mortality, incidence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 32 cancers in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015. Cancer mortality was estimated using vital registration system data, cancer registry incidence data (transformed to mortality estimates using separately estimated mortality to incidence [MI] ratios), and verbal autopsy data. Cancer incidence was calculated by dividing mortality estimates through the modeled MI ratios. To calculate cancer prevalence, MI ratios were used to model survival. To calculate YLDs, prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights. The YLLs were estimated by multiplying age-specific cancer deaths by the reference life expectancy. DALYs were estimated as the sum of YLDs and YLLs. A sociodemographic index (SDI) wa...

The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 2019

Background Data about the global, regional, and country-specific variations in the levels and tre... more Background Data about the global, regional, and country-specific variations in the levels and trends of colorectal cancer are required to understand the impact of this disease and the trends in its burden to help policy makers allocate resources. Here we provide a status report on the incidence, mortality, and disability caused by colorectal cancer in 195 countries and territories between 1990 and 2017. Methods Vital registration, sample vital registration, verbal autopsy, and cancer registry data were used to generate incidence, death, and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) estimates of colorectal cancer at the global, regional, and national levels. We also determined the association between development levels and colorectal cancer age-standardised DALY rates, and calculated DALYs attributable to risk factors that had evidence of causation with colorectal cancer. All of the estimates are reported as counts and age-standardised rates per 100 000 person-years, with some estimates also presented by sex and 5-year age groups. Findings In 2017, there were 1•8 million (95% UI 1•8-1•9) incident cases of colorectal cancer globally, with an agestandardised incidence rate of 23•2 (22•7-23•7) per 100 000 person-years that increased by 9•5% (4•5-13•5) between 1990 and 2017. Globally, colorectal cancer accounted for 896 000 (876 300-915 700) deaths in 2017, with an agestandardised death rate of 11•5 (11•3-11•8) per 100 000 person-years, which decreased between 1990 and 2017 (-13•5% [-18•4 to-10•0]). Colorectal cancer was also responsible for 19•0 million (18•5-19•5) DALYs globally in 2017, with an age-standardised rate of 235•7 (229•7-242•0) DALYs per 100 000 person-years, which decreased between 1990 and 2017 (-14•5% [-20•4 to-10•3]). Slovakia, the Netherlands, and New Zealand had the highest age-standardised incidence rates in 2017. Greenland, Hungary, and Slovakia had the highest age-standardised death rates in 2017. Numbers of incident cases and deaths were higher among males than females up to the ages of 80-84 years, with the highest rates observed in the oldest age group (≥95 years) for both sexes in 2017. There was a non-linear association between the Socio-demographic Index and the Healthcare Access and Quality Index and age-standardised DALY rates. In 2017, the three largest contributors to DALYs at the global level, for both sexes, were diet low in calcium (20•5% [12•9-28•9]), alcohol use (15•2% [12•1-18•3]), and diet low in milk (14•3% [5•1-24•8]). Interpretation There is substantial global variation in the burden of colorectal cancer. Although the overall colorectal cancer age-standardised death rate has been decreasing at the global level, the increasing age-standardised incidence rate in most countries poses a major public health challenge across the world. The results of this study could be useful for policy makers to carry out cost-effective interventions and to reduce exposure to modifiable risk factors, particularly in countries with high incidence or increasing burden. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, 2020

Background Obesity and diabetes are public health problems that are leading causes of death in th... more Background Obesity and diabetes are public health problems that are leading causes of death in the world. Recent surveys suggest that there is a relationship between diabetes and bacterial residents of the gastrointestinal tract. Objective This case-control study was designed to evaluate the composition of the gut microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity compared to the healthy people. Methods A total of 91 adult subjects (25 patients diagnosed with T2DM, 48 obese patients, and 18 healthy individuals) were included in the study. The gut microbiota composition was investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method using bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Results The frequency of all bacterial species in the obese group compared to the control group have significantly changed (p < 0.05) except Bacteroides fragilis, whereas the level of bacterial composition was not changed significantly (p > 0.05) in the diabetic patients versus the control ones, except for Bacteroides phylum and Lactobacillus spp. Moreover, the mean body mass index (BMI) in control, T2DM, and obese groups were 24.28 ± 3.00, 26.83 ± 3.29, and 44.65 ± 3.73, respectively. Our analysis showed a positive correlation between diabetic patients plus obese ones and the number of bacteria (p < 0.05). Conclusions To sum up, these findings show that specific changes in microbial community composition are associated with T2DM and obesity. More extensive, our survey suggests that modulation of the microbiome warrants further investigation as a potential therapeutic strategy for metabolic diseases.

BACKGROUND Different products of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) can improve clinical and bio... more BACKGROUND Different products of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) can improve clinical and biochemical findings in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) through suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of COCs containing progestins with low androgenic and antiandrogenic activities on the HPG axis in patients with PCOS. METHODS We searched PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases (1980-2017) to identify randomized controlled trials or nonrandomized studies investigating the effect of COCs containing progestins with low androgenic and antiandrogenic activities, including the products containing desogestrel, cyproterone acetate, and drospirenone, on the HPG axis in patients with PCOS. In this meta-analysis, fixed and random effect models were used. Outcomes of interest were weighted mean differences (WMD) of hormonal parameters, including t...

Comparison of Frequency of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Subgroup of Patients with Non-Ulcer Dyspesia

Database: imemr

Saudi Med. J, 2008

Database : imemr. Search on : Kabir, Ali [AU]. References found : 2 [refine]. Displaying : 1 .. 2... more Database : imemr. Search on : Kabir, Ali [AU]. References found : 2 [refine]. Displaying : 1 .. 2 in format [Summary]. page 1 de 1, 1 / 2, imemr, ...

Hepat Mon, 2009

Background and Aims: There is no overall estimate of hepatitis C infection (HCV) in Iran. We revi... more Background and Aims: There is no overall estimate of hepatitis C infection (HCV) in Iran. We reviewed all of the published and unpublished evidence related to HCV infection in Iran in order to accurately estimate the prevalence of HCV infection in the Iranian general population to inform future health system programs. Methods: In this systematic review, all papers, medical congresses, HCV-related reports, projects of Iranian research centers and medical universities, reports from the Deputy for Health Affairs (published or unpublished), ...