Amal Alfaraj - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Amal Alfaraj

Research paper thumbnail of Color stability of precolored and extrinsically colored monolithic multilayered polychromatic zirconia: Effects of surface finishing and aging

Journal of prosthodontics, Jun 23, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Color stability of CAD‐CAM hybrid ceramic materials following immersion in artificial saliva and wine

Journal of prosthodontics, May 14, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Color reproduction trueness of 3D‐printed full‐color dental casts with scans derived from an intraoral scanner

Journal of Prosthodontics, Dec 18, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring the impact of the extent of the partially edentulous area on the accuracy of two intraoral scanners

The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry

Research paper thumbnail of Performance of the caries diagnosis feature of intraoral scanners and near‐infrared imaging technology—A narrative review

Journal of Prosthodontics

PurposeTo describe and discuss the benefits and drawbacks of various dental caries diagnostic tec... more PurposeTo describe and discuss the benefits and drawbacks of various dental caries diagnostic techniques, including the use of intraoral scanners for caries diagnosis based on near‐infrared imaging (NIR) technology.Material and MethodsA MEDLINE search from 1980–2023 focused on dental caries diagnostic techniques, emphasizing intraoral scanners using NIR technology. Alternative caries detection methods were also evaluated for their advantages and limitations, enabling a comparison with NIR. The review included traditional caries tools, the latest detection methods, and NIR's role in intraoral scanners, drawing from case reports and both in vivo and in vitro studies. Keywords like “caries detection,” “intraoral scanners,” and “Near Infrared Imaging (NIRI)” guided the search. After screening titles and abstracts for relevance, full texts with valuable insights were thoroughly analyzed. The data was grouped into three: traditional diagnostics, advanced digital methods, and intraoral...

Research paper thumbnail of The Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Among Scuba Divers in Saudi Arabia

The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among scuba ... more The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among scuba divers in Saudi Arabia towards equipment infection control measures, protective guidelines measures and potential post COVID-19 infection complications

Research paper thumbnail of Caregivers’ Perception about the Relationship between Oral Health and Overall Health in Individuals with Disability in Qatif, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Dentistry

Background. In Saudi Arabia, there are many people with disabilities that do not receive adequate... more Background. In Saudi Arabia, there are many people with disabilities that do not receive adequate healthcare, especially in the field of dentistry. Objective. This study focused on assessing caregivers’ perception of the relationship between oral healthcare and the overall health status of individuals with special healthcare needs (SHCN) in Qatif, Saudi Arabia. Methodology Design. This cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire that was divided into two sections. The first part included demographic information such as the age and gender of both the caregiver and the person with a disability and the type of disability. The second part investigated the systemic health of the individual with a disability and the caregivers’ perception of the relationship between the management and treatment of systemic health and oral healthcare in relation to the overall health status. The results of descriptive analyses were summarized using frequency distribution tables. Bivariate ana...

Research paper thumbnail of Tensile bond strength of auto‐polymerizing and heat‐polymerizing denture reliners on the conventional and CAD–CAM denture base materials

Journal of Prosthodontics

Research paper thumbnail of The trueness of scans using one intraoral scanner in different partially edentulous conditions

Journal of Prosthodontics

Research paper thumbnail of CAD‐CAM Hollow Obturator Prosthesis: A Technical Report

Journal of Prosthodontics, 2022

An obturator with a hollow bulb can decrease the overall weight of the prosthesis, stress on the ... more An obturator with a hollow bulb can decrease the overall weight of the prosthesis, stress on the underlying tissues, and patient discomfort. Although many techniques and materials have been proposed in the literature for hollowing the obturator prosthesis, they are often time consuming and technique sensitive. This proposed technique used an open-source software program to hollow a digital design of a solid obturator base from a commercially available software in one single convenient step. The hollowing process allowed precise control of prosthesis thickness at the hollow space area for desirable hermetic seal and prosthesis strength.

Research paper thumbnail of The Trueness of Obturator Prosthesis Base Manufactured by Conventional and 3D Printing Techniques

Journal of Prosthodontics, 2021

Purpose: To compare the intaglio surface trueness of obturator prosthesis bases manufactured by t... more Purpose: To compare the intaglio surface trueness of obturator prosthesis bases manufactured by traditional compression molding, injection molding, and 3D printing techniques. Materials and Methods: A complete edentulous master cast with Aramany Class I maxillary defect was selected for this in vitro study. Four study groups (n=10/group) were included in this study, Group A: Compression Molding, Group B: Injection Molding, and Group C: Cara Print 3D DLP Printer, and Group D: Carbon 3D DLS Printer. All obturator prostheses' intaglio surfaces were scanned with a laboratory scanner (E4; 3Shape Inc, New Providence, NJ) and the dimensional differences between study samples and their corresponding casts were calculated as the root mean square (measured in mm, absolute value) using a surface matching software This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. 3 (Geomagic design X; 3D Systems, Rock Hill, SC). One-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) test were used to compare groups differences in RMS (α = .05). Results: There was a significant effect of manufacturing technique on the RMS values for the 4 conditions [F(3,36)=5.743, p=.003]. Injection Molding (0.070 mm) and Compression Molding groups (0.076 mm) had a lower interquartile range, and the Cara Print 3D-Printer group (0.427 mm) and Carbon 3D-Printer (0.149 mm) groups had a higher interquartile range. The Injection Molding group showed the best and uniform surface matching with the most area in green in the color maps. The Injection Molding group (0.139 ±0.049 mm) had significantly lower RMS than all other groups (p<.001 for all comparisons). Compression Molding (0.269 ±0.057 mm), Cara Print 3D-Printer (0.409 ±0.270 mm), and Carbon 3D-Printer (0.291 ±0.082 mm) groups were not significantly different from each other (Compression Molding versus Carbon 3D-Printer, p=.59; Compression Molding versus Cara Print 3D-Printer, p=.25; Cara Print 3D-Printer versus Carbon 3D-Printer, p=.40). Conclusion: Obturator prosthesis bases manufactured with injection molding technique showed better intaglio surface trueness than ones made by the compression molding technique and 3D printers. Although obturator prosthesis bases manufactured from different 3D printers showed similar trueness, a DLP 3D printer produced less consistent outcome than a DLS 3D printer.

Research paper thumbnail of Marginal Fit, Mechanical Properties, and Esthetic Outcomes of CAD/CAM Interim Fixed Dental Prostheses (FDPs): A Systematic Review

Materials

This systematic review aimed to study the outcomes of CAD-CAM (milled and 3D-printed) interim den... more This systematic review aimed to study the outcomes of CAD-CAM (milled and 3D-printed) interim dental prostheses when compared to conventional ones. The focused question of “In natural teeth, what are the outcomes of CAD-CAM interim FDPs compared to the conventionally-manufactured ones regarding marginal fit, mechanical properties, esthetics, and color stability” was formulated. The systematic search was conducted electronically in the PubMed/MEDLINE, CENTRAL, EMBASE, Web of Science, New York Academy of Medicine Grey Literature Report, and Google Scholar databases by using the MeSH keywords and keywords associated with the focused question and limiting articles to those published between 2000 and 2022. A manual search was conducted in selected dental journals. The results were analyzed qualitatively and are presented in table format. Of the included studies, 18 studies were in vitro and 1 was a randomized clinical trial. Of the eight studies analyzing the mechanical properties, five ...

Research paper thumbnail of Oral Health Awareness and Practices of Special Needs Caregivers in Qatif, Saudi Arabia

Shiraz E-Medical Journal

Background: Adequate oral health awareness and practices of special needs caregivers play a pivot... more Background: Adequate oral health awareness and practices of special needs caregivers play a pivotal role in maintaining the optimal oral health of their dependents. Objectives: The current study aimed at assessing the level of oral health awareness and practices of special needs caregivers in Qatif, the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Methods: The current cross-sectional descriptive study collected information by a self-administered questionnaire about awareness and practices of oral health in caregivers. The questionnaire consisted of four parts covering the caregiver demographic information, the awareness of oral health habits and conditions, awareness of dental visits and treatments, and knowledge and sources of information. Statistical analyses included descriptive and bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test, where P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: There was an overall response rate of 27% (n = 186 out of 700). The majority (64.5%, n =...

Research paper thumbnail of Barriers to Dental Care in Individuals with Special Healthcare Needs in Qatif, Saudi Arabia: A Caregiver’s Perspective

Patient Preference and Adherence

Access to dental care is a key factor influencing oral health outcomes. Individuals with special ... more Access to dental care is a key factor influencing oral health outcomes. Individuals with special healthcare needs are at risk of not having access to dental care services which they need to maintain their oral health. This study assessed the magnitude of this problem and identified barriers responsible for the difficulties in accessing dental care in Qatif, Saudi Arabia, as reported by caregivers of individuals with special healthcare needs. Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data using a self-administered survey questionnaire from caregivers of individuals with special healthcare needs across 11 centers (eight special needs centers and three schools) in Qatif, Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, between February and April 2019. Results: A total of 186 caregivers participated in the study, 102 (54.8%) of whom reported difficulties in getting access to dental care. The key barriers included lack of time on the part of caregivers (60.8%), unsuitable clinic environment (53.9%), difficulties with transportation (51.9%), medical/health status of the individual with special healthcare needs (51.0%), and geographically distant dental clinics (51.0%). Caregiver demographics (age, gender, and educational level) had no significant influence on the difficulties reported by caregivers in getting access to dental care for individuals with special healthcare needs (p>0.05). Conclusion: A large proportion of caregivers in Qatif, Saudi Arabia, experience difficulties with access to dental care services for individuals with special healthcare needs. The most common barriers are physical accessibility of dental facilities (for individuals with special healthcare needs), affordability, and lack of skills and knowledge of dental care providers.

Research paper thumbnail of Color stability of precolored and extrinsically colored monolithic multilayered polychromatic zirconia: Effects of surface finishing and aging

Journal of prosthodontics, Jun 23, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Color stability of CAD‐CAM hybrid ceramic materials following immersion in artificial saliva and wine

Journal of prosthodontics, May 14, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Color reproduction trueness of 3D‐printed full‐color dental casts with scans derived from an intraoral scanner

Journal of Prosthodontics, Dec 18, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring the impact of the extent of the partially edentulous area on the accuracy of two intraoral scanners

The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry

Research paper thumbnail of Performance of the caries diagnosis feature of intraoral scanners and near‐infrared imaging technology—A narrative review

Journal of Prosthodontics

PurposeTo describe and discuss the benefits and drawbacks of various dental caries diagnostic tec... more PurposeTo describe and discuss the benefits and drawbacks of various dental caries diagnostic techniques, including the use of intraoral scanners for caries diagnosis based on near‐infrared imaging (NIR) technology.Material and MethodsA MEDLINE search from 1980–2023 focused on dental caries diagnostic techniques, emphasizing intraoral scanners using NIR technology. Alternative caries detection methods were also evaluated for their advantages and limitations, enabling a comparison with NIR. The review included traditional caries tools, the latest detection methods, and NIR's role in intraoral scanners, drawing from case reports and both in vivo and in vitro studies. Keywords like “caries detection,” “intraoral scanners,” and “Near Infrared Imaging (NIRI)” guided the search. After screening titles and abstracts for relevance, full texts with valuable insights were thoroughly analyzed. The data was grouped into three: traditional diagnostics, advanced digital methods, and intraoral...

Research paper thumbnail of The Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Among Scuba Divers in Saudi Arabia

The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among scuba ... more The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among scuba divers in Saudi Arabia towards equipment infection control measures, protective guidelines measures and potential post COVID-19 infection complications

Research paper thumbnail of Caregivers’ Perception about the Relationship between Oral Health and Overall Health in Individuals with Disability in Qatif, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Dentistry

Background. In Saudi Arabia, there are many people with disabilities that do not receive adequate... more Background. In Saudi Arabia, there are many people with disabilities that do not receive adequate healthcare, especially in the field of dentistry. Objective. This study focused on assessing caregivers’ perception of the relationship between oral healthcare and the overall health status of individuals with special healthcare needs (SHCN) in Qatif, Saudi Arabia. Methodology Design. This cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire that was divided into two sections. The first part included demographic information such as the age and gender of both the caregiver and the person with a disability and the type of disability. The second part investigated the systemic health of the individual with a disability and the caregivers’ perception of the relationship between the management and treatment of systemic health and oral healthcare in relation to the overall health status. The results of descriptive analyses were summarized using frequency distribution tables. Bivariate ana...

Research paper thumbnail of Tensile bond strength of auto‐polymerizing and heat‐polymerizing denture reliners on the conventional and CAD–CAM denture base materials

Journal of Prosthodontics

Research paper thumbnail of The trueness of scans using one intraoral scanner in different partially edentulous conditions

Journal of Prosthodontics

Research paper thumbnail of CAD‐CAM Hollow Obturator Prosthesis: A Technical Report

Journal of Prosthodontics, 2022

An obturator with a hollow bulb can decrease the overall weight of the prosthesis, stress on the ... more An obturator with a hollow bulb can decrease the overall weight of the prosthesis, stress on the underlying tissues, and patient discomfort. Although many techniques and materials have been proposed in the literature for hollowing the obturator prosthesis, they are often time consuming and technique sensitive. This proposed technique used an open-source software program to hollow a digital design of a solid obturator base from a commercially available software in one single convenient step. The hollowing process allowed precise control of prosthesis thickness at the hollow space area for desirable hermetic seal and prosthesis strength.

Research paper thumbnail of The Trueness of Obturator Prosthesis Base Manufactured by Conventional and 3D Printing Techniques

Journal of Prosthodontics, 2021

Purpose: To compare the intaglio surface trueness of obturator prosthesis bases manufactured by t... more Purpose: To compare the intaglio surface trueness of obturator prosthesis bases manufactured by traditional compression molding, injection molding, and 3D printing techniques. Materials and Methods: A complete edentulous master cast with Aramany Class I maxillary defect was selected for this in vitro study. Four study groups (n=10/group) were included in this study, Group A: Compression Molding, Group B: Injection Molding, and Group C: Cara Print 3D DLP Printer, and Group D: Carbon 3D DLS Printer. All obturator prostheses' intaglio surfaces were scanned with a laboratory scanner (E4; 3Shape Inc, New Providence, NJ) and the dimensional differences between study samples and their corresponding casts were calculated as the root mean square (measured in mm, absolute value) using a surface matching software This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. 3 (Geomagic design X; 3D Systems, Rock Hill, SC). One-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) test were used to compare groups differences in RMS (α = .05). Results: There was a significant effect of manufacturing technique on the RMS values for the 4 conditions [F(3,36)=5.743, p=.003]. Injection Molding (0.070 mm) and Compression Molding groups (0.076 mm) had a lower interquartile range, and the Cara Print 3D-Printer group (0.427 mm) and Carbon 3D-Printer (0.149 mm) groups had a higher interquartile range. The Injection Molding group showed the best and uniform surface matching with the most area in green in the color maps. The Injection Molding group (0.139 ±0.049 mm) had significantly lower RMS than all other groups (p<.001 for all comparisons). Compression Molding (0.269 ±0.057 mm), Cara Print 3D-Printer (0.409 ±0.270 mm), and Carbon 3D-Printer (0.291 ±0.082 mm) groups were not significantly different from each other (Compression Molding versus Carbon 3D-Printer, p=.59; Compression Molding versus Cara Print 3D-Printer, p=.25; Cara Print 3D-Printer versus Carbon 3D-Printer, p=.40). Conclusion: Obturator prosthesis bases manufactured with injection molding technique showed better intaglio surface trueness than ones made by the compression molding technique and 3D printers. Although obturator prosthesis bases manufactured from different 3D printers showed similar trueness, a DLP 3D printer produced less consistent outcome than a DLS 3D printer.

Research paper thumbnail of Marginal Fit, Mechanical Properties, and Esthetic Outcomes of CAD/CAM Interim Fixed Dental Prostheses (FDPs): A Systematic Review

Materials

This systematic review aimed to study the outcomes of CAD-CAM (milled and 3D-printed) interim den... more This systematic review aimed to study the outcomes of CAD-CAM (milled and 3D-printed) interim dental prostheses when compared to conventional ones. The focused question of “In natural teeth, what are the outcomes of CAD-CAM interim FDPs compared to the conventionally-manufactured ones regarding marginal fit, mechanical properties, esthetics, and color stability” was formulated. The systematic search was conducted electronically in the PubMed/MEDLINE, CENTRAL, EMBASE, Web of Science, New York Academy of Medicine Grey Literature Report, and Google Scholar databases by using the MeSH keywords and keywords associated with the focused question and limiting articles to those published between 2000 and 2022. A manual search was conducted in selected dental journals. The results were analyzed qualitatively and are presented in table format. Of the included studies, 18 studies were in vitro and 1 was a randomized clinical trial. Of the eight studies analyzing the mechanical properties, five ...

Research paper thumbnail of Oral Health Awareness and Practices of Special Needs Caregivers in Qatif, Saudi Arabia

Shiraz E-Medical Journal

Background: Adequate oral health awareness and practices of special needs caregivers play a pivot... more Background: Adequate oral health awareness and practices of special needs caregivers play a pivotal role in maintaining the optimal oral health of their dependents. Objectives: The current study aimed at assessing the level of oral health awareness and practices of special needs caregivers in Qatif, the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Methods: The current cross-sectional descriptive study collected information by a self-administered questionnaire about awareness and practices of oral health in caregivers. The questionnaire consisted of four parts covering the caregiver demographic information, the awareness of oral health habits and conditions, awareness of dental visits and treatments, and knowledge and sources of information. Statistical analyses included descriptive and bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test, where P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: There was an overall response rate of 27% (n = 186 out of 700). The majority (64.5%, n =...

Research paper thumbnail of Barriers to Dental Care in Individuals with Special Healthcare Needs in Qatif, Saudi Arabia: A Caregiver’s Perspective

Patient Preference and Adherence

Access to dental care is a key factor influencing oral health outcomes. Individuals with special ... more Access to dental care is a key factor influencing oral health outcomes. Individuals with special healthcare needs are at risk of not having access to dental care services which they need to maintain their oral health. This study assessed the magnitude of this problem and identified barriers responsible for the difficulties in accessing dental care in Qatif, Saudi Arabia, as reported by caregivers of individuals with special healthcare needs. Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data using a self-administered survey questionnaire from caregivers of individuals with special healthcare needs across 11 centers (eight special needs centers and three schools) in Qatif, Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, between February and April 2019. Results: A total of 186 caregivers participated in the study, 102 (54.8%) of whom reported difficulties in getting access to dental care. The key barriers included lack of time on the part of caregivers (60.8%), unsuitable clinic environment (53.9%), difficulties with transportation (51.9%), medical/health status of the individual with special healthcare needs (51.0%), and geographically distant dental clinics (51.0%). Caregiver demographics (age, gender, and educational level) had no significant influence on the difficulties reported by caregivers in getting access to dental care for individuals with special healthcare needs (p>0.05). Conclusion: A large proportion of caregivers in Qatif, Saudi Arabia, experience difficulties with access to dental care services for individuals with special healthcare needs. The most common barriers are physical accessibility of dental facilities (for individuals with special healthcare needs), affordability, and lack of skills and knowledge of dental care providers.