Dr. Aman B . Upaganlawar (original) (raw)

Papers by Dr. Aman B . Upaganlawar

Academia Biology, Dec 26, 2024

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) characterized by neur... more Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) characterized by neuropathic pain due to persistent hyperglycemia. Recent studies have shown that phytochemicals’ antioxidant capabilities can reduce oxidative stress associated with diabetic neuropathy. Although phytochemicals with high antioxidant capacity have been discovered, this study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of a combination of kudzu root extract (KRE) and maqui berry extract (MBE). We evaluated the neuroprotective effects of kudzu root extract and maqui berry extract on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN in rats. Male Wistar rats (180–250 g) were divided into eight groups (n = 6), with DN induced via a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (55 mg/kg). Behavioral parameters (mechanical allodynia, cold allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, and mechanical hyperalgesia) and biochemical parameters (blood glucose, serum markers, antioxidant levels, and ATPase activity) were assessed. Rats were treated with KRE (50 and 100 mg/kg) and MBE (50 and 100 mg/kg) alone and in combination for two weeks. The results showed that treatment with KRE and MBE significantly reduced blood glucose levels and increased body weight compared to diabetic controls. Paw withdrawal latency improved in treated groups, indicating reduced neuropathic pain. Biochemical analysis revealed increased levels of antioxidants (GSH, CAT, and SOD) and ATPase activity, with decreased levels of nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the treatment groups. These findings suggest that KRE and MBE exhibit significant neuroprotective effects in STZ-induced DN due to their strong antioxidant properties. Further molecular studies are warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying their neuroprotective effects.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, 2024

There are currently numerous pharmacological effects associated with curcumin, but its use in cli... more There are currently numerous pharmacological effects associated with curcumin, but its use in clinical settings is constrained by its poor bioavailability. In this research, we created a formulation for curcumin microsponges and assessed their ability to protect rats livers from damage brought on by paracetamol. Paracetamol (2 g/kg/day) was used to produce toxicity over the course of 10 days. Paracetamol causes marked hepatotoxicity in rats by raising the standard of ALT, AST, ALP, and total bilirubin, which are liver function indicators along with reducing total protein level. Animal were treated orally including Curcumin microsponges (100 mg/kg) and plain curcumin (P-CUR) (100 mg/kg) daily for 10 days. Rats were sacrificed on the last day of treatment and the liver was excised for histopathological analysis. According to our findings, microsponges have a greater hepatoprotective impact than regular plain curcumin. When curcumin microsponges were administered, paracetamol-induced liver damage was successfully reduced, as seen by a decrease in liver function indicators. Our study suggests that curcumin microsponges have strong potential hepatoprotective effects.

Ageing research reviews, Jun 1, 2024

IP international journal of comprehensive and advanced pharmacology/IP International journal of comprehensive and advanced pharmacology, Jun 15, 2024

The present study investigates the potential of agmatine, a neuromodulator with antioxidant prope... more The present study investigates the potential of agmatine, a neuromodulator with antioxidant properties, as a therapeutic intervention for addressing behavioural abnormalities in offspring with prenatal ethanol exposure. Though underlying pathology remains to be investigated, existing literature examined involvement oxidative stress resulted through several pathways in prenatal ethanol exposure. In the present study female SD rats were administered intragastrically with 0 or 6 g/kg ethanol (20 % wt/vol) from gestation days 9 to 20 to induce ADHD-like behavioural deficits in offspring. After weaning, male offspring were assigned to treatment groups and received agmatine intraperitoneally from postnatal day 21 to 35. The results showed that prenatally ethanol exposed offspring possessed hyperactivity, anxiety and depression like behaviour. Treatment with agmatine (40 and 80 mg/kg) and its modulators L-arginine (60 mg/kg), Arcaine (30 mg/kg) and Aminoguanidine (50 mg/kg) effectively reduced the hyperactivity in adult offspring and also shows anxiolytic and antidepressant action in EPM and FST. Additionally, prenatal ethanol exposure resulted in impaired attention which was reverse by chronic treatment agmatine and modulators. Also, offspring showed cognitive impaired with agmatine suggests that agmatine may play a crucial role in mitigating the neurodevelopmental consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure. Overall, our findings highlight the promising potential of agmatine as a novel pharmacological approach for addressing attention deficits associated with prenatal ethanol exposure and underscore the need for further research in this area.

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research

Prenatal exposure to ethanol is known to cause significant behavioral deficits, often leading to ... more Prenatal exposure to ethanol is known to cause significant behavioral deficits, often leading to longterm neurodevelopmental disorders collectively referred to as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). This study investigates the therapeutic potential of agmatine, a polyamine derived from the amino acid arginine, on prenatal ethanol-induced behavioral deficits in offspring. Pregnant rats were administered 0 or 6 g/kg ethanol [20% (wt/vol)] in two divided doses and on weekends a single daily dose of 0 or 4 g/kg to induce developmental alteration similar to FASD, and agmatine was subsequently administered to offspring from PND 21 to PND 35 to evaluate its neuroprotective properties. Behavioral assessments, including tests for anxiety, and motor coordination, were conducted on the offspring. The results showed that prenatal ethanol exposure led to marked impairments in motor function as well as increased anxiety-like behaviors in offspring. However, offspring treated with agmatine exhibited significant improvements in these behavioral domains compared to the untreated ethanol-exposed group. Specifically, agmatine treatment was associated with reduced anxiety levels OFT, and better motor coordination on beam walking and rota rod apparatus. In conclusion, agmatine shows promise as a protective agent against prenatal ethanolinduced neurodevelopmental deficits. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of agmatine for mitigating the adverse effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and improving behavioral outcomes in affected offspring.

Background: Flavonoids, a group of polyphenols responsible for protective role against many disea... more Background: Flavonoids, a group of polyphenols responsible for protective role against many diseased conditions, provide antioxidant activity which is the reason for their medicinal properties. Tactile allodynia is a behavioral biomarker of neuropathy that is well estimated by von Frey filaments and Randall-Selitto test. Objective: Ficus carica Lam. leaves were studied for the conformation of flavonoids in ethyl acetate fraction of methanolic extract (FCEA) using GC-HRMS for the identification of flavonoids. It was analyzed for antioxidant activity by in vitro free radical scavenging activity, performed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) followed by blood glucose-level estimation, evaluation of neuropathic pain, and kidney and liver function tests in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: The shade-dried leaves of F. carica Lam. were extracted with methanol and after that fractionated using ethyl acetate (FCEA). The characterization of FCEA was established using GC-HRMS. In vitro free radical scavenging activity was performed using DPPH assay. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin (40 mg/kg/intraperitoneally), and effects of FCEA were studied on blood glucose level, neuropathy markers, and liver and kidney functions of diabetic rats. Results: GC-HRMS results highlighted the presence of quercetin, kaempferol, and chrysin in FCEA with free radical scavenging activity of 78.35% and IC 50 value of 5.508 μM. FCEA reduces glucose levels and also shows protective effects in case of diabetic neuropathy as it increases the threshold of withdrawal latency in tactile allodynia and also decreases the serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels. Conclusion: The protective effects of FCEA against diabetic neuropathy, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects might be due to strong antioxidant property of important flavonoids present which is confirmed in the study.

To assess the protective effects of lycopene on electrocardiographic, hemodynamic, biochemical an... more To assess the protective effects of lycopene on electrocardiographic, hemodynamic, biochemical and apoptotic changes in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction. Methods: Myocardial infarction was induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (200 mg/kg) for two consecutive days at an interval of 24 h. Rats were treated with lycopene (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for a period of 30 days and isoproterenol (ISO) was injected on the 29th and 30th day. At the end of experiment i.e. on the 31st day electrocardiographic, hemodynamic, biochemical and apoptotic changes were monitored from control and experimental groups. Results: ISO injected rats showed a significant alteration in electrocardiograph pattern and hemodynamic changes (i.e. systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure). It also showed significant increase in C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase, nitrite levels and Caspase-3 protease activity. In addition, it also exhibited alteration in the levels of electrolytes (Na + , K + and Ca 2+), vitamin E, uric acid and serum protein. Gel electrophoresis of ISO injected rats showed increase in DNA fragmentation. Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining of the heart section shows increase area of infarction in ISO injected rats. Pre-co-treatment with lycopene significantly prevented the ISO induced alteration in ECG, haemodynamic, biochemical and apoptotic changes. Conclusions: The present result shows that treatment of lycopene in ISO injected rats significantly attenuates induced myocardial infarction.

International Journal of Plant Based Pharmaceuticals

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become an utmost reason for long-standing renal dysfunction and end... more Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become an utmost reason for long-standing renal dysfunction and end-stage renal disease globally. Oxidative stress induced by persistent hyperglycemia is considered a fundamental element in the evolution of DN. The goal of this research was to discover the outcome of appendages of natural antioxidants such as lycopene and co-enzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in DN rats and to observe the preventive effects in DN. A diabetes model was developed in a Wistar strain of male rats (200-250 g) by subcutaneous injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). Development of nephropathy was assessed by renal function tests including blood glucose, creatinine, albumin, total protein, total bilirubin, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and CRP level. Oxidative stress markers such as LPO and GSH content and activity of membrane-bound Na + /K + ATPases were measured in kidney homogenate. Renal damage was assessed by performing a histopathological analysis. DN rats showed a significant elevation in creatinine, albumin, total protein, total bilirubin, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, CRP, and LPO levels whereas a significant reduction in creatinine clearance and GSH level. Treatment with antioxidants such as lycopene (5 mg/kg/p.o.) and CoQ10 (10 mg/kg/p.o.) along with their combination for 4 weeks notably altered the level of renal function biomarkers and oxidative stress markers. These antioxidants and their combination also protected the kidney from abnormal morphological changes. The present findings suggest that the combined administration of lycopene and CoQ10, which are antioxidants, exhibits synergistic effects in mitigating renal injury by reducing hyperglycemia, oxidative stress markers, and histopathological alterations.

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 2008

CRC Press eBooks, May 24, 2023

The aqueous extract of leaves of Oroxylum indicum was studied in carageenan induced rat paw edema... more The aqueous extract of leaves of Oroxylum indicum was studied in carageenan induced rat paw edema in rats. The extracts at 150mg/kg and 300mg/kg doses showed significant (P<0.01) anti-inflammatory activity. Extract at 300mg/kg showed better antiinflammatory activity as compared to 150mg/kg dose, whereas both the extracts was found to be less effective as compared to standard anti-inflammatory drugs i.e diclofenac sodium.

CRC Press eBooks, May 24, 2023

Academia Biology, Dec 26, 2024

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) characterized by neur... more Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) characterized by neuropathic pain due to persistent hyperglycemia. Recent studies have shown that phytochemicals’ antioxidant capabilities can reduce oxidative stress associated with diabetic neuropathy. Although phytochemicals with high antioxidant capacity have been discovered, this study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of a combination of kudzu root extract (KRE) and maqui berry extract (MBE). We evaluated the neuroprotective effects of kudzu root extract and maqui berry extract on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN in rats. Male Wistar rats (180–250 g) were divided into eight groups (n = 6), with DN induced via a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (55 mg/kg). Behavioral parameters (mechanical allodynia, cold allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, and mechanical hyperalgesia) and biochemical parameters (blood glucose, serum markers, antioxidant levels, and ATPase activity) were assessed. Rats were treated with KRE (50 and 100 mg/kg) and MBE (50 and 100 mg/kg) alone and in combination for two weeks. The results showed that treatment with KRE and MBE significantly reduced blood glucose levels and increased body weight compared to diabetic controls. Paw withdrawal latency improved in treated groups, indicating reduced neuropathic pain. Biochemical analysis revealed increased levels of antioxidants (GSH, CAT, and SOD) and ATPase activity, with decreased levels of nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the treatment groups. These findings suggest that KRE and MBE exhibit significant neuroprotective effects in STZ-induced DN due to their strong antioxidant properties. Further molecular studies are warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying their neuroprotective effects.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, 2024

There are currently numerous pharmacological effects associated with curcumin, but its use in cli... more There are currently numerous pharmacological effects associated with curcumin, but its use in clinical settings is constrained by its poor bioavailability. In this research, we created a formulation for curcumin microsponges and assessed their ability to protect rats livers from damage brought on by paracetamol. Paracetamol (2 g/kg/day) was used to produce toxicity over the course of 10 days. Paracetamol causes marked hepatotoxicity in rats by raising the standard of ALT, AST, ALP, and total bilirubin, which are liver function indicators along with reducing total protein level. Animal were treated orally including Curcumin microsponges (100 mg/kg) and plain curcumin (P-CUR) (100 mg/kg) daily for 10 days. Rats were sacrificed on the last day of treatment and the liver was excised for histopathological analysis. According to our findings, microsponges have a greater hepatoprotective impact than regular plain curcumin. When curcumin microsponges were administered, paracetamol-induced liver damage was successfully reduced, as seen by a decrease in liver function indicators. Our study suggests that curcumin microsponges have strong potential hepatoprotective effects.

Ageing research reviews, Jun 1, 2024

IP international journal of comprehensive and advanced pharmacology/IP International journal of comprehensive and advanced pharmacology, Jun 15, 2024

The present study investigates the potential of agmatine, a neuromodulator with antioxidant prope... more The present study investigates the potential of agmatine, a neuromodulator with antioxidant properties, as a therapeutic intervention for addressing behavioural abnormalities in offspring with prenatal ethanol exposure. Though underlying pathology remains to be investigated, existing literature examined involvement oxidative stress resulted through several pathways in prenatal ethanol exposure. In the present study female SD rats were administered intragastrically with 0 or 6 g/kg ethanol (20 % wt/vol) from gestation days 9 to 20 to induce ADHD-like behavioural deficits in offspring. After weaning, male offspring were assigned to treatment groups and received agmatine intraperitoneally from postnatal day 21 to 35. The results showed that prenatally ethanol exposed offspring possessed hyperactivity, anxiety and depression like behaviour. Treatment with agmatine (40 and 80 mg/kg) and its modulators L-arginine (60 mg/kg), Arcaine (30 mg/kg) and Aminoguanidine (50 mg/kg) effectively reduced the hyperactivity in adult offspring and also shows anxiolytic and antidepressant action in EPM and FST. Additionally, prenatal ethanol exposure resulted in impaired attention which was reverse by chronic treatment agmatine and modulators. Also, offspring showed cognitive impaired with agmatine suggests that agmatine may play a crucial role in mitigating the neurodevelopmental consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure. Overall, our findings highlight the promising potential of agmatine as a novel pharmacological approach for addressing attention deficits associated with prenatal ethanol exposure and underscore the need for further research in this area.

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research

Prenatal exposure to ethanol is known to cause significant behavioral deficits, often leading to ... more Prenatal exposure to ethanol is known to cause significant behavioral deficits, often leading to longterm neurodevelopmental disorders collectively referred to as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). This study investigates the therapeutic potential of agmatine, a polyamine derived from the amino acid arginine, on prenatal ethanol-induced behavioral deficits in offspring. Pregnant rats were administered 0 or 6 g/kg ethanol [20% (wt/vol)] in two divided doses and on weekends a single daily dose of 0 or 4 g/kg to induce developmental alteration similar to FASD, and agmatine was subsequently administered to offspring from PND 21 to PND 35 to evaluate its neuroprotective properties. Behavioral assessments, including tests for anxiety, and motor coordination, were conducted on the offspring. The results showed that prenatal ethanol exposure led to marked impairments in motor function as well as increased anxiety-like behaviors in offspring. However, offspring treated with agmatine exhibited significant improvements in these behavioral domains compared to the untreated ethanol-exposed group. Specifically, agmatine treatment was associated with reduced anxiety levels OFT, and better motor coordination on beam walking and rota rod apparatus. In conclusion, agmatine shows promise as a protective agent against prenatal ethanolinduced neurodevelopmental deficits. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of agmatine for mitigating the adverse effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and improving behavioral outcomes in affected offspring.

Background: Flavonoids, a group of polyphenols responsible for protective role against many disea... more Background: Flavonoids, a group of polyphenols responsible for protective role against many diseased conditions, provide antioxidant activity which is the reason for their medicinal properties. Tactile allodynia is a behavioral biomarker of neuropathy that is well estimated by von Frey filaments and Randall-Selitto test. Objective: Ficus carica Lam. leaves were studied for the conformation of flavonoids in ethyl acetate fraction of methanolic extract (FCEA) using GC-HRMS for the identification of flavonoids. It was analyzed for antioxidant activity by in vitro free radical scavenging activity, performed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) followed by blood glucose-level estimation, evaluation of neuropathic pain, and kidney and liver function tests in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: The shade-dried leaves of F. carica Lam. were extracted with methanol and after that fractionated using ethyl acetate (FCEA). The characterization of FCEA was established using GC-HRMS. In vitro free radical scavenging activity was performed using DPPH assay. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin (40 mg/kg/intraperitoneally), and effects of FCEA were studied on blood glucose level, neuropathy markers, and liver and kidney functions of diabetic rats. Results: GC-HRMS results highlighted the presence of quercetin, kaempferol, and chrysin in FCEA with free radical scavenging activity of 78.35% and IC 50 value of 5.508 μM. FCEA reduces glucose levels and also shows protective effects in case of diabetic neuropathy as it increases the threshold of withdrawal latency in tactile allodynia and also decreases the serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels. Conclusion: The protective effects of FCEA against diabetic neuropathy, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects might be due to strong antioxidant property of important flavonoids present which is confirmed in the study.

To assess the protective effects of lycopene on electrocardiographic, hemodynamic, biochemical an... more To assess the protective effects of lycopene on electrocardiographic, hemodynamic, biochemical and apoptotic changes in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction. Methods: Myocardial infarction was induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (200 mg/kg) for two consecutive days at an interval of 24 h. Rats were treated with lycopene (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for a period of 30 days and isoproterenol (ISO) was injected on the 29th and 30th day. At the end of experiment i.e. on the 31st day electrocardiographic, hemodynamic, biochemical and apoptotic changes were monitored from control and experimental groups. Results: ISO injected rats showed a significant alteration in electrocardiograph pattern and hemodynamic changes (i.e. systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure). It also showed significant increase in C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase, nitrite levels and Caspase-3 protease activity. In addition, it also exhibited alteration in the levels of electrolytes (Na + , K + and Ca 2+), vitamin E, uric acid and serum protein. Gel electrophoresis of ISO injected rats showed increase in DNA fragmentation. Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining of the heart section shows increase area of infarction in ISO injected rats. Pre-co-treatment with lycopene significantly prevented the ISO induced alteration in ECG, haemodynamic, biochemical and apoptotic changes. Conclusions: The present result shows that treatment of lycopene in ISO injected rats significantly attenuates induced myocardial infarction.

International Journal of Plant Based Pharmaceuticals

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become an utmost reason for long-standing renal dysfunction and end... more Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become an utmost reason for long-standing renal dysfunction and end-stage renal disease globally. Oxidative stress induced by persistent hyperglycemia is considered a fundamental element in the evolution of DN. The goal of this research was to discover the outcome of appendages of natural antioxidants such as lycopene and co-enzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in DN rats and to observe the preventive effects in DN. A diabetes model was developed in a Wistar strain of male rats (200-250 g) by subcutaneous injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). Development of nephropathy was assessed by renal function tests including blood glucose, creatinine, albumin, total protein, total bilirubin, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and CRP level. Oxidative stress markers such as LPO and GSH content and activity of membrane-bound Na + /K + ATPases were measured in kidney homogenate. Renal damage was assessed by performing a histopathological analysis. DN rats showed a significant elevation in creatinine, albumin, total protein, total bilirubin, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, CRP, and LPO levels whereas a significant reduction in creatinine clearance and GSH level. Treatment with antioxidants such as lycopene (5 mg/kg/p.o.) and CoQ10 (10 mg/kg/p.o.) along with their combination for 4 weeks notably altered the level of renal function biomarkers and oxidative stress markers. These antioxidants and their combination also protected the kidney from abnormal morphological changes. The present findings suggest that the combined administration of lycopene and CoQ10, which are antioxidants, exhibits synergistic effects in mitigating renal injury by reducing hyperglycemia, oxidative stress markers, and histopathological alterations.

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 2008

CRC Press eBooks, May 24, 2023

The aqueous extract of leaves of Oroxylum indicum was studied in carageenan induced rat paw edema... more The aqueous extract of leaves of Oroxylum indicum was studied in carageenan induced rat paw edema in rats. The extracts at 150mg/kg and 300mg/kg doses showed significant (P<0.01) anti-inflammatory activity. Extract at 300mg/kg showed better antiinflammatory activity as compared to 150mg/kg dose, whereas both the extracts was found to be less effective as compared to standard anti-inflammatory drugs i.e diclofenac sodium.

CRC Press eBooks, May 24, 2023