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Papers by Ana Echevarria

Research paper thumbnail of The female body in the practice of minority Muslim communities in medieval Iberia

Religious Boundaries for Sex, Gender, and Corporeality, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of The Perception of the Religious Other in Alonso de Espina’s Fortalitium Fidei: A Tool for Inquisitors?

Interfaith Relationships and Perceptions of the Other in the Medieval Mediterranean, 2021

Manuscripts and Editions: thE Fortalitium Fidei travEls around EuropE The several lives of a sing... more Manuscripts and Editions: thE Fortalitium Fidei travEls around EuropE The several lives of a single manuscript across more than two centuries may account for its status as a bestseller. This was definitely the case with the Fortalitium fidei contra iudaeos, sarracenos et alios christianae fidei inimicos (1459-1462) by Alonso de Espina, written to warn Christians of the evil of the enemies of their faith-heretics, Jews, Muslims, witches, and demons. The book was intended at first as a manual for preachers, 1

Research paper thumbnail of The Marks of the Other: The Impact of Lateran IV in the Regulations Governing Muslims in the Iberian Peninsula

Religion and law in Medieval Christian and Muslim Societies, 2019

This paper will deal with the reception of the canons of Lateran IV in the only area of Latin Eur... more This paper will deal with the reception of the canons of Lateran IV in the only area of Latin Europe apart from Sicily where cohabitation regulations affected not only Jews, but also Muslims, in ways that the council could not rule. Since the eleventh century, royal and civil law in the Iberian kingdoms had regulated the status of Muslim inhabitants under Christian lords, either by laws given by the kings or by capitulations signed after the surrender of territories. Canon law had no jurisdiction over these populations. I argue that only at the time of interaction between Christian canon and civil laws in the thirteenth century did laws about Jews merge with legislation about Muslims, changing the approach to the latter. From mid-fourteenth century, the canons of Lateran IV and Vienne started to be applied to the Muslims living in Castile.

Research paper thumbnail of La Península Ibérica en la Edad Media (700-1250)

Esta obra, destinada a los estudiantes de Historia y a los interesados en el tema, abarcan un amp... more Esta obra, destinada a los estudiantes de Historia y a los interesados en el tema, abarcan un amplio periodo cronológico, comenzando por la conquista islámica y hasta el momento en el que la Península Ibérica queda dividida políticamente en los cinco reinos que habrían de marcar la etapa siguiente, conocida como Baja Edad Media. Cada capítulo se dedica a un siglo aproximadamente, alternando los reinos cristianos y al-Andalus, para proporcionar una idea clara de la evolución en el tiempo de las instituciones, formas de vida y dinastías de cada una de las sociedades, así como de las relaciones y enfrentamientos que se establecieron entre los distintos poderes en cada momento. El énfasis en la Península Ibérica como concepto no solo geográfico, sino también cultural, ayuda a resolver la dialéctica entre los conceptos de Hispania, España y al-Andalus, así como a incorporar cada uno de los espacios territoriales que a lo largo de este agitado periodo fluctuaron en los límites de la Península y más allá de ella, en las islas y el norte de África.

Research paper thumbnail of «El Mi'raj en la literatura castellana del siglo XV»

Edimburgo EL MI'RAJ EN LA LITERATURA CASTELLANA DEL SIGLO XV Este trabajo se ha generado a partir... more Edimburgo EL MI'RAJ EN LA LITERATURA CASTELLANA DEL SIGLO XV Este trabajo se ha generado a partir de los estudios realizados para mi tesis doctoral sobre el libro cuarto dei Fortalicium Fidei de Alonso de Espina (h. 1461) dedicado a combalir a los musulmanes como enemigos de la fe cristiana. La inclusión en dicho libro de fragmentos dei Libra de la Escala y su utilización confines polémicos podía relacionarse con otro escrito posterior, el Libra dei Alboraique (hacia 1488 ?) , publicado por N. López Martínez en Los judaizantes castellanos y la lnquisición en

Research paper thumbnail of Does Cohabitation Produce Convivencia? Relationships between Jews and Muslims in Castilian Christian Towns

Research paper thumbnail of The City of the Three Mosques: Avila and its Muslims in the Middle Ages

This book troubles the traditional treatment of Muslims living under Christian rule in Iberia, tr... more This book troubles the traditional treatment of Muslims living under Christian rule in Iberia, traditionally dubbed “Mudejars,” as marginal in both medieval Christian and Muslim society. Focusing on Avila, for which uniquely complete records exist for the Muslim community from the twelfth to the sixteenth centuries, it is argued that the Muslims of Christian Avila were both deeply emeshed in Islamic culture throughout this period and integral members of the predominantly Christian city in which they lived. This monograph explores the processes of adaption and resistance in which Muslims engaged in order to maintain this balance in the face of the ever changing dynamics of Muslim-Christian relations within the wider medieval, and specifically, Iberian, world.

Research paper thumbnail of Ismael IV y Muley Hacén, ¿un mismo personaje?

Research paper thumbnail of A Companion to Global Queenship

This collection expands previous regional and individual studies of queenship and female politica... more This collection expands previous regional and individual studies of queenship and female political agency in order to engage in a comparative study of premodern female rule on a global scale. While the field of queenship studies and examinations of gender and power have been flourishing, the literature has tended be dominated by studies of European royalty. This volume aims to embrace and develop the trend towards an increasingly global outlook for the field of queenship studies. Case studies of women from different periods, places and religions are deliberately mixed to compare and contrast the realities of queenship in varied settings. Lesser studied examples of queens are provided alongside fresh perspectives on more familiar figures and regions. The authors increase our understanding of understudied individuals and groups of queens as well as encouraging the comparison of the practice of queenship in the premodern era. This authoritative and comprehensive Companion will be required reading for all scholars and students of premodern gender and political studies.

Research paper thumbnail of Better Muslim or Jew? The Controversy Around Conversion across Minorities in Fifteenth-Century Castile

Medieval Encounters, 2018

This article presents the Responsio in quaestione de muliere sarracena transeunte ad statum et ri... more This article presents the Responsio in quaestione de muliere sarracena transeunte ad statum et ritum iudaicum (1451) by Alonso Fernández de Madrigal, “El Tostado” (1410–55), as a rich source for the study of conversion across minority groups. A trial conducted before the archbishop of Toledo concerning a Muslim woman turned Jew by her lover in Talavera de la Reina (Spain) caused a scandal in Christian society. As one of the most outstanding legal scholars at the University of Salamanca, Madrigal established the right of the archbishop of Toledo to judge an issue involving the two minorities and decided in favor of the woman returning to her faith of origin, instead of imposing the death penalty. While conversion superseded issues of illicit sexual relations, gender acted as a mitigating circumstance. This article will also consider how the three communities contributed to the survival of “cohabitation,” defined by Madrigal as social peace, and the preservation of the status of the d...

Research paper thumbnail of Las minorías religiosas en el Mediterráneo durante el siglo XII

El Mundo Del Geografo Ceuti Al Idrisi 2011 Isbn 978 84 92627 23 3 Pags 59 80, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of La historia medieval en la enseñanza secundaria obligatoria: Un balance

Research paper thumbnail of The Fortress of Faith: The Attitude towards Muslims in Fifteenth Century Spain

Journal of the American Oriental Society, 2001

This volume deals with the creation of a new image of Islam in the Iberian Peninsula in the 15th ... more This volume deals with the creation of a new image of Islam in the Iberian Peninsula in the 15th century. It uses as point of departure several treatises on Islam written around 1450. The first chapters examine the historical background, the authors' biographies and the ...

Research paper thumbnail of Alfonso X, la Orden Teutónica y Tierra Santa: Una nueva fuente para su estudio

… en la Península Ibérica, 2000

... Alfonso X, la Orden Teutónica y Tierra Santa: Una nueva fuente para su estudio. Autores: Ana ... more ... Alfonso X, la Orden Teutónica y Tierra Santa: Una nueva fuente para su estudio. Autores: Ana Echevarría Arsuaga, José Manuel Rodríguez García; Localización: Las órdenes militares en la Península Ibérica / coord. ... 489-510. Fundación Dialnet. Acceso de usuarios registrados. ...

Research paper thumbnail of La dinastía de la Banda: de Alfonso XI a los Trastámaras

Ibn Jaldun: el Mediterráneo en el siglo …, 2006

Información del artículo La dinastía de la Banda: de Alfonso XI a los Trastámaras.

Research paper thumbnail of Cross, Crescent and Conversión. Studies on Medieval Spain and Christendom in Memory of Richard Fletcher

Al-Masāq, 2011

... The treatises written by the convert Bishop Alfonso de Cartagena and Cardinal Juan deTorquema... more ... The treatises written by the convert Bishop Alfonso de Cartagena and Cardinal Juan deTorquemada in response to the Statute of Pedro ... In the search for sources about his travels, Roger Collins and Judith McClure refer to papal letter compilations in papyrus rolls, some of ...

Research paper thumbnail of A Companion to Global Queenship

This collection expands previous regional and individual studies of queenship and female politica... more This collection expands previous regional and individual studies of queenship and female political agency in order to engage in a comparative study of premodern female rule on a global scale. While the field of queenship studies and examinations of gender and power have been flourishing, the literature has tended to be dominated by studies of European royalty. This volume aims to embrace and develop the trend towards an increasingly global outlook for the field of queenship studies. Case studies of women from different periods, places, and religions are deliberately mixed to compare and contrast the realities of queenship in varied settings. Lesser studied examples of queens are provided alongside fresh perspectives on more familiar figures and regions. The authors increase our understanding of understudied individuals and groups of queens, and they encourage the comparison of the practice of queenship in the premodern era. This authoritative and comprehensive Companion will be requ...

Research paper thumbnail of Food as a Custom among Spanish Muslims: from Islamic Sources to Inquisitorial Material

Essen und Fasten/Food and Fasting

in Essen und Fasten/Food and Fasting. Interreligiöse Abgrenzung, Konkurrenz und Austauschprozesse... more in Essen und Fasten/Food and Fasting. Interreligiöse Abgrenzung, Konkurrenz und Austauschprozesse/Interreligious Differentiations, Competition and Exchange (Hrsg. Dorothea Weltecke), Böhlau Verlag GmbH Cologne, 2017. ISBN 978-3-412-50924-8, pp. 89-109. This article studies the evolution and remodelling of the material concerning fast, wine consumption, and meat sacrifices and dealings in several kinds of sources. On one hand, the most remarkable source to appraise the rules followed by Mudejars and Moriscos in Spain during the 15th-16th centuries, the Sunni Breviary written by the alfaqui of Segovia Yça Jabir. This book was not only followed closely by Muslims living under Christian domain, but became later a manual for inquisitors that found its way even to America in the 16th century. To complement this theoretical instruction and the modifications suffered by this material when it was translated for inquisitorial use, I will be looking into fatwas from the same period, Christian records speaking about butcher shops in the different kingdoms of Spain, and Inquisitorial interrogations that expand our knowledge about issues on meat dealing, sacrifice and cooking as markers of identity of the Moriscos.

Research paper thumbnail of Trujamanes and Scribes: Interpreting Mediation in Iberian Royal Courts

Cultural Brokers at Mediterranean Courts in the Middle Ages

Research paper thumbnail of Urban Development and Muslim Minorities in the Middle Ages: the Path to Invisibility

Hamsa

The long existence of a Muslim population under Christian rule (Mudejars) in the kingdoms of medi... more The long existence of a Muslim population under Christian rule (Mudejars) in the kingdoms of medieval and early modern Iberia gave way to the development of a number of boundaries between religious and social groups. Urban boundaries, both physical and socio-religious, were continuously redefined. Residence in towns in the Iberian kingdoms could vary from contiguous housing to separate neighbourhoods based within real or imagined boundaries. Mudejars in Castile had the possibility of building new mosques, thus breaking canon and local laws, whereas in Aragon, Jewish communities paid for their right to rebuild synagogues continuously. Invisibility was a very important tool to marginalize groups that were perceived as a possible threat, so the only requirement for mosques and synagogues was not to be set apart from surrounding houses. On the other hand, restrictions on minority visibility in Christian spaces included the inauguration of previously inexistent secluded neighbourhoods in northern Castilian towns. The geographical setting of the closed quarters established after the Castilian Cortes of 1480 contributed to the invisibility of the religious minorities, resulting in the long run in their exclusion from urban life.

Research paper thumbnail of The female body in the practice of minority Muslim communities in medieval Iberia

Religious Boundaries for Sex, Gender, and Corporeality, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of The Perception of the Religious Other in Alonso de Espina’s Fortalitium Fidei: A Tool for Inquisitors?

Interfaith Relationships and Perceptions of the Other in the Medieval Mediterranean, 2021

Manuscripts and Editions: thE Fortalitium Fidei travEls around EuropE The several lives of a sing... more Manuscripts and Editions: thE Fortalitium Fidei travEls around EuropE The several lives of a single manuscript across more than two centuries may account for its status as a bestseller. This was definitely the case with the Fortalitium fidei contra iudaeos, sarracenos et alios christianae fidei inimicos (1459-1462) by Alonso de Espina, written to warn Christians of the evil of the enemies of their faith-heretics, Jews, Muslims, witches, and demons. The book was intended at first as a manual for preachers, 1

Research paper thumbnail of The Marks of the Other: The Impact of Lateran IV in the Regulations Governing Muslims in the Iberian Peninsula

Religion and law in Medieval Christian and Muslim Societies, 2019

This paper will deal with the reception of the canons of Lateran IV in the only area of Latin Eur... more This paper will deal with the reception of the canons of Lateran IV in the only area of Latin Europe apart from Sicily where cohabitation regulations affected not only Jews, but also Muslims, in ways that the council could not rule. Since the eleventh century, royal and civil law in the Iberian kingdoms had regulated the status of Muslim inhabitants under Christian lords, either by laws given by the kings or by capitulations signed after the surrender of territories. Canon law had no jurisdiction over these populations. I argue that only at the time of interaction between Christian canon and civil laws in the thirteenth century did laws about Jews merge with legislation about Muslims, changing the approach to the latter. From mid-fourteenth century, the canons of Lateran IV and Vienne started to be applied to the Muslims living in Castile.

Research paper thumbnail of La Península Ibérica en la Edad Media (700-1250)

Esta obra, destinada a los estudiantes de Historia y a los interesados en el tema, abarcan un amp... more Esta obra, destinada a los estudiantes de Historia y a los interesados en el tema, abarcan un amplio periodo cronológico, comenzando por la conquista islámica y hasta el momento en el que la Península Ibérica queda dividida políticamente en los cinco reinos que habrían de marcar la etapa siguiente, conocida como Baja Edad Media. Cada capítulo se dedica a un siglo aproximadamente, alternando los reinos cristianos y al-Andalus, para proporcionar una idea clara de la evolución en el tiempo de las instituciones, formas de vida y dinastías de cada una de las sociedades, así como de las relaciones y enfrentamientos que se establecieron entre los distintos poderes en cada momento. El énfasis en la Península Ibérica como concepto no solo geográfico, sino también cultural, ayuda a resolver la dialéctica entre los conceptos de Hispania, España y al-Andalus, así como a incorporar cada uno de los espacios territoriales que a lo largo de este agitado periodo fluctuaron en los límites de la Península y más allá de ella, en las islas y el norte de África.

Research paper thumbnail of «El Mi'raj en la literatura castellana del siglo XV»

Edimburgo EL MI'RAJ EN LA LITERATURA CASTELLANA DEL SIGLO XV Este trabajo se ha generado a partir... more Edimburgo EL MI'RAJ EN LA LITERATURA CASTELLANA DEL SIGLO XV Este trabajo se ha generado a partir de los estudios realizados para mi tesis doctoral sobre el libro cuarto dei Fortalicium Fidei de Alonso de Espina (h. 1461) dedicado a combalir a los musulmanes como enemigos de la fe cristiana. La inclusión en dicho libro de fragmentos dei Libra de la Escala y su utilización confines polémicos podía relacionarse con otro escrito posterior, el Libra dei Alboraique (hacia 1488 ?) , publicado por N. López Martínez en Los judaizantes castellanos y la lnquisición en

Research paper thumbnail of Does Cohabitation Produce Convivencia? Relationships between Jews and Muslims in Castilian Christian Towns

Research paper thumbnail of The City of the Three Mosques: Avila and its Muslims in the Middle Ages

This book troubles the traditional treatment of Muslims living under Christian rule in Iberia, tr... more This book troubles the traditional treatment of Muslims living under Christian rule in Iberia, traditionally dubbed “Mudejars,” as marginal in both medieval Christian and Muslim society. Focusing on Avila, for which uniquely complete records exist for the Muslim community from the twelfth to the sixteenth centuries, it is argued that the Muslims of Christian Avila were both deeply emeshed in Islamic culture throughout this period and integral members of the predominantly Christian city in which they lived. This monograph explores the processes of adaption and resistance in which Muslims engaged in order to maintain this balance in the face of the ever changing dynamics of Muslim-Christian relations within the wider medieval, and specifically, Iberian, world.

Research paper thumbnail of Ismael IV y Muley Hacén, ¿un mismo personaje?

Research paper thumbnail of A Companion to Global Queenship

This collection expands previous regional and individual studies of queenship and female politica... more This collection expands previous regional and individual studies of queenship and female political agency in order to engage in a comparative study of premodern female rule on a global scale. While the field of queenship studies and examinations of gender and power have been flourishing, the literature has tended be dominated by studies of European royalty. This volume aims to embrace and develop the trend towards an increasingly global outlook for the field of queenship studies. Case studies of women from different periods, places and religions are deliberately mixed to compare and contrast the realities of queenship in varied settings. Lesser studied examples of queens are provided alongside fresh perspectives on more familiar figures and regions. The authors increase our understanding of understudied individuals and groups of queens as well as encouraging the comparison of the practice of queenship in the premodern era. This authoritative and comprehensive Companion will be required reading for all scholars and students of premodern gender and political studies.

Research paper thumbnail of Better Muslim or Jew? The Controversy Around Conversion across Minorities in Fifteenth-Century Castile

Medieval Encounters, 2018

This article presents the Responsio in quaestione de muliere sarracena transeunte ad statum et ri... more This article presents the Responsio in quaestione de muliere sarracena transeunte ad statum et ritum iudaicum (1451) by Alonso Fernández de Madrigal, “El Tostado” (1410–55), as a rich source for the study of conversion across minority groups. A trial conducted before the archbishop of Toledo concerning a Muslim woman turned Jew by her lover in Talavera de la Reina (Spain) caused a scandal in Christian society. As one of the most outstanding legal scholars at the University of Salamanca, Madrigal established the right of the archbishop of Toledo to judge an issue involving the two minorities and decided in favor of the woman returning to her faith of origin, instead of imposing the death penalty. While conversion superseded issues of illicit sexual relations, gender acted as a mitigating circumstance. This article will also consider how the three communities contributed to the survival of “cohabitation,” defined by Madrigal as social peace, and the preservation of the status of the d...

Research paper thumbnail of Las minorías religiosas en el Mediterráneo durante el siglo XII

El Mundo Del Geografo Ceuti Al Idrisi 2011 Isbn 978 84 92627 23 3 Pags 59 80, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of La historia medieval en la enseñanza secundaria obligatoria: Un balance

Research paper thumbnail of The Fortress of Faith: The Attitude towards Muslims in Fifteenth Century Spain

Journal of the American Oriental Society, 2001

This volume deals with the creation of a new image of Islam in the Iberian Peninsula in the 15th ... more This volume deals with the creation of a new image of Islam in the Iberian Peninsula in the 15th century. It uses as point of departure several treatises on Islam written around 1450. The first chapters examine the historical background, the authors' biographies and the ...

Research paper thumbnail of Alfonso X, la Orden Teutónica y Tierra Santa: Una nueva fuente para su estudio

… en la Península Ibérica, 2000

... Alfonso X, la Orden Teutónica y Tierra Santa: Una nueva fuente para su estudio. Autores: Ana ... more ... Alfonso X, la Orden Teutónica y Tierra Santa: Una nueva fuente para su estudio. Autores: Ana Echevarría Arsuaga, José Manuel Rodríguez García; Localización: Las órdenes militares en la Península Ibérica / coord. ... 489-510. Fundación Dialnet. Acceso de usuarios registrados. ...

Research paper thumbnail of La dinastía de la Banda: de Alfonso XI a los Trastámaras

Ibn Jaldun: el Mediterráneo en el siglo …, 2006

Información del artículo La dinastía de la Banda: de Alfonso XI a los Trastámaras.

Research paper thumbnail of Cross, Crescent and Conversión. Studies on Medieval Spain and Christendom in Memory of Richard Fletcher

Al-Masāq, 2011

... The treatises written by the convert Bishop Alfonso de Cartagena and Cardinal Juan deTorquema... more ... The treatises written by the convert Bishop Alfonso de Cartagena and Cardinal Juan deTorquemada in response to the Statute of Pedro ... In the search for sources about his travels, Roger Collins and Judith McClure refer to papal letter compilations in papyrus rolls, some of ...

Research paper thumbnail of A Companion to Global Queenship

This collection expands previous regional and individual studies of queenship and female politica... more This collection expands previous regional and individual studies of queenship and female political agency in order to engage in a comparative study of premodern female rule on a global scale. While the field of queenship studies and examinations of gender and power have been flourishing, the literature has tended to be dominated by studies of European royalty. This volume aims to embrace and develop the trend towards an increasingly global outlook for the field of queenship studies. Case studies of women from different periods, places, and religions are deliberately mixed to compare and contrast the realities of queenship in varied settings. Lesser studied examples of queens are provided alongside fresh perspectives on more familiar figures and regions. The authors increase our understanding of understudied individuals and groups of queens, and they encourage the comparison of the practice of queenship in the premodern era. This authoritative and comprehensive Companion will be requ...

Research paper thumbnail of Food as a Custom among Spanish Muslims: from Islamic Sources to Inquisitorial Material

Essen und Fasten/Food and Fasting

in Essen und Fasten/Food and Fasting. Interreligiöse Abgrenzung, Konkurrenz und Austauschprozesse... more in Essen und Fasten/Food and Fasting. Interreligiöse Abgrenzung, Konkurrenz und Austauschprozesse/Interreligious Differentiations, Competition and Exchange (Hrsg. Dorothea Weltecke), Böhlau Verlag GmbH Cologne, 2017. ISBN 978-3-412-50924-8, pp. 89-109. This article studies the evolution and remodelling of the material concerning fast, wine consumption, and meat sacrifices and dealings in several kinds of sources. On one hand, the most remarkable source to appraise the rules followed by Mudejars and Moriscos in Spain during the 15th-16th centuries, the Sunni Breviary written by the alfaqui of Segovia Yça Jabir. This book was not only followed closely by Muslims living under Christian domain, but became later a manual for inquisitors that found its way even to America in the 16th century. To complement this theoretical instruction and the modifications suffered by this material when it was translated for inquisitorial use, I will be looking into fatwas from the same period, Christian records speaking about butcher shops in the different kingdoms of Spain, and Inquisitorial interrogations that expand our knowledge about issues on meat dealing, sacrifice and cooking as markers of identity of the Moriscos.

Research paper thumbnail of Trujamanes and Scribes: Interpreting Mediation in Iberian Royal Courts

Cultural Brokers at Mediterranean Courts in the Middle Ages

Research paper thumbnail of Urban Development and Muslim Minorities in the Middle Ages: the Path to Invisibility

Hamsa

The long existence of a Muslim population under Christian rule (Mudejars) in the kingdoms of medi... more The long existence of a Muslim population under Christian rule (Mudejars) in the kingdoms of medieval and early modern Iberia gave way to the development of a number of boundaries between religious and social groups. Urban boundaries, both physical and socio-religious, were continuously redefined. Residence in towns in the Iberian kingdoms could vary from contiguous housing to separate neighbourhoods based within real or imagined boundaries. Mudejars in Castile had the possibility of building new mosques, thus breaking canon and local laws, whereas in Aragon, Jewish communities paid for their right to rebuild synagogues continuously. Invisibility was a very important tool to marginalize groups that were perceived as a possible threat, so the only requirement for mosques and synagogues was not to be set apart from surrounding houses. On the other hand, restrictions on minority visibility in Christian spaces included the inauguration of previously inexistent secluded neighbourhoods in northern Castilian towns. The geographical setting of the closed quarters established after the Castilian Cortes of 1480 contributed to the invisibility of the religious minorities, resulting in the long run in their exclusion from urban life.