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Papers by Ana Maria Linares
The Institutionalisation of Evaluation in the Americas, 2022
This evaluation assesses how the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB, or the Bank) has addressed... more This evaluation assesses how the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB, or the Bank) has addressed climate change (CC) through its interventions in the transport sector in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) between 2004 and 2013. It reviews progress made in the transport sector in response to the Bank’s CC commitments in the Climate Change Strategy and other policy documents. It also examines the CC relevance and results of a sample of 20 projects for land transport.
This document defines the approach of the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) to evaluate th... more This document defines the approach of the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) to evaluate the Grant Facility (GRF) for Haiti. It outlines the evaluation's objectives, scope, evaluation questions, and methodology that OVE will apply to conduct the evaluation. OVE included this corporate evaluation in its 2020-2021 work program at the IDB and IDB Invest Boards' request. It focuses on the ten years of Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) Group activity in Haiti using GRF resources, from January 1st, 2011--the start of IDB's formal commitment to transfer US$200 million per year to the GRF earmarked for Haiti-- to December 31st, 2020.
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012
Inspired by the work [PA1], in this note, we prove that a complete set of pairwise orthogonal pri... more Inspired by the work [PA1], in this note, we prove that a complete set of pairwise orthogonal primitive idempotents of Yokonuma-Hecke algebras can be obtained by consecutive evaluations of a certain rational function.
This Country Program Evaluation (CPE) for the Dominican Republic covers the period 2009-2013. The... more This Country Program Evaluation (CPE) for the Dominican Republic covers the period 2009-2013. The evaluation is structured into four chapters, plus annexes. Chapter I analyzes the general context in the country from two perspectives. First, the structural characteristics of the country's growth model are briefly described. Second, the main economic events during the 2009-2013 period covered by the Bank's program are described. Chapter II provides a general analysis of the Bank's program in 2009-2013, with particular reference to the relevance of the country strategy, together with analysis of the program actually implemented. Chapter III provides a sector-based analysis of the implementation, effectiveness, and sustainability of the operations, and of the level of progress towards the Bank's proposed strategic objectives. Chapter IV presents conclusions and recommendations. Lastly, the annexes present the sectoral analyses upon which the evaluation's findings are based.
Between 2000 and 2009, emissions from transport in the Region increased by 12% on a per capita ba... more Between 2000 and 2009, emissions from transport in the Region increased by 12% on a per capita basis, while increasing less than 2% globally. Although per capita emissions in LAC are still low relative to those in developed countries, transport emissions in Europe and the United States are stabilizing or beginning to decline, while in LAC they continue to grow rapidly. This sector study reviews progress made in the transport sector in response to IDB's commitments in the Climate Change (CC) Strategy and other policy documents. OVE also examines the CC relevance and results of a sample of 20 projects for land transport.
As part of its 2015 annual work plan, the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) is preparing a... more As part of its 2015 annual work plan, the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) is preparing a country program evaluation (CPE) with Uruguay for the period 2010-2015. This approach paper defines the scope of the evaluation. This CPE is the third occasion on which OVE has evaluated the Bank's country program with Uruguay. The previous evaluations covered the periods 1991-2004 (document RE-312) and 2005-2009 (document RE-389). This CPE seeks to analyze the Bank's relationship with the country, taking an independent view and assessing in particular the program?s relevance and effectiveness, including both financial and nonfinancial products offered by the Bank during the period under analysis. The evaluation will place special emphasis on analyzing the Bank's business model and its implications in an upper-middle-income country like Uruguay, in a context of higher economic growth and greater access to international markets. This evaluation is intended as an input for the new country strategy document that the Bank is preparing.
La evaluacion busca contribuir a discernir si la practica y las disposiciones actuales para asign... more La evaluacion busca contribuir a discernir si la practica y las disposiciones actuales para asignar los US$100 millones de ingresos netos provenientes del Capital Ordinario a 19 programas especiales es una forma eficaz de apoyar la cooperacion tecnica para ayudar a responder a las necesidades prioritarias de desarrollo economico y social en los paises miembros prestatarios del Banco. La evaluacion cubrira el funcionamiento de los programas especiales financiados con Capital Ordinario desde 2005 hasta mediados de 2014, haciendo hincapie en la implementacion de las reformas propuestas desde 2008 y sus efectos sobre el desempeno de los programas especiales.
Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization, 1990
Biomedical research on human subjects involves certain ethical principles, several of which are d... more Biomedical research on human subjects involves certain ethical principles, several of which are described in this article. It is also true, however, that application of these principles in real life poses problems, especially in the case of international research conducted under culturally diverse conditions. This presentation examines certain cultural and institutional circumstances prevailing in much of Latin America and the Caribbean that show a predilection to pose problems of this kind. This is not done to encourage research without ethical principles, but rather to familiarize investigators with cultural differences, so that these differences can be considered when studies on human subjects are being conducted, thereby improving the prospects for beneficial research that respects ethical principles within different cultural contexts.
As part of its annual work plan, the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) will evaluate the B... more As part of its annual work plan, the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) will evaluate the Bank's country program with Panama for the period 2010-2014. This paper defines the approach and methodology for the planned Country Program Evaluation (CPE). This is the third independent evaluation of the Bank's Country Program with Panama. Past evaluations covered the periods 1991-2003 (RE-305), and 2005-2009 (RE-359). For the purpose of this evaluation, OVE will review all Sovereign Guaranteed (SG) and Non-Sovereign Guaranteed (NSG) loan and TC operations (excluding IIC and MIF) that were either active or approved between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2014.
El Directorio Ejecutivo del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo solicito a la Oficina de Evaluacio... more El Directorio Ejecutivo del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo solicito a la Oficina de Evaluacion y Supervision que llevara a cabo una evaluacion de los Programas Especiales como parte de su programa de trabajo para 2014. La evaluacion procura determinar hasta que punto la practica y los mecanismos que asignan US$100 millones de los ingresos netos del Capital Ordinario a los 19 Programas Especiales constituyen una forma eficaz de financiar cooperacion tecnica para atender las necesidades prioritarias de desarrollo economico y social de los paises prestatarios del Banco. La evaluacion abarca las operaciones de los Programas Especiales financiados con Capital Ordinario durante el periodo comprendido entre 2005 y mediados de 2014, y la cartera de cooperacion tecnica de los Programas Especiales en el periodo comprendido entre 2005 y 2013.
The Institutionalisation of Evaluation in the Americas, 2022
This evaluation assesses how the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB, or the Bank) has addressed... more This evaluation assesses how the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB, or the Bank) has addressed climate change (CC) through its interventions in the transport sector in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) between 2004 and 2013. It reviews progress made in the transport sector in response to the Bank’s CC commitments in the Climate Change Strategy and other policy documents. It also examines the CC relevance and results of a sample of 20 projects for land transport.
This document defines the approach of the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) to evaluate th... more This document defines the approach of the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) to evaluate the Grant Facility (GRF) for Haiti. It outlines the evaluation's objectives, scope, evaluation questions, and methodology that OVE will apply to conduct the evaluation. OVE included this corporate evaluation in its 2020-2021 work program at the IDB and IDB Invest Boards' request. It focuses on the ten years of Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) Group activity in Haiti using GRF resources, from January 1st, 2011--the start of IDB's formal commitment to transfer US$200 million per year to the GRF earmarked for Haiti-- to December 31st, 2020.
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012
Inspired by the work [PA1], in this note, we prove that a complete set of pairwise orthogonal pri... more Inspired by the work [PA1], in this note, we prove that a complete set of pairwise orthogonal primitive idempotents of Yokonuma-Hecke algebras can be obtained by consecutive evaluations of a certain rational function.
This Country Program Evaluation (CPE) for the Dominican Republic covers the period 2009-2013. The... more This Country Program Evaluation (CPE) for the Dominican Republic covers the period 2009-2013. The evaluation is structured into four chapters, plus annexes. Chapter I analyzes the general context in the country from two perspectives. First, the structural characteristics of the country's growth model are briefly described. Second, the main economic events during the 2009-2013 period covered by the Bank's program are described. Chapter II provides a general analysis of the Bank's program in 2009-2013, with particular reference to the relevance of the country strategy, together with analysis of the program actually implemented. Chapter III provides a sector-based analysis of the implementation, effectiveness, and sustainability of the operations, and of the level of progress towards the Bank's proposed strategic objectives. Chapter IV presents conclusions and recommendations. Lastly, the annexes present the sectoral analyses upon which the evaluation's findings are based.
Between 2000 and 2009, emissions from transport in the Region increased by 12% on a per capita ba... more Between 2000 and 2009, emissions from transport in the Region increased by 12% on a per capita basis, while increasing less than 2% globally. Although per capita emissions in LAC are still low relative to those in developed countries, transport emissions in Europe and the United States are stabilizing or beginning to decline, while in LAC they continue to grow rapidly. This sector study reviews progress made in the transport sector in response to IDB's commitments in the Climate Change (CC) Strategy and other policy documents. OVE also examines the CC relevance and results of a sample of 20 projects for land transport.
As part of its 2015 annual work plan, the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) is preparing a... more As part of its 2015 annual work plan, the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) is preparing a country program evaluation (CPE) with Uruguay for the period 2010-2015. This approach paper defines the scope of the evaluation. This CPE is the third occasion on which OVE has evaluated the Bank's country program with Uruguay. The previous evaluations covered the periods 1991-2004 (document RE-312) and 2005-2009 (document RE-389). This CPE seeks to analyze the Bank's relationship with the country, taking an independent view and assessing in particular the program?s relevance and effectiveness, including both financial and nonfinancial products offered by the Bank during the period under analysis. The evaluation will place special emphasis on analyzing the Bank's business model and its implications in an upper-middle-income country like Uruguay, in a context of higher economic growth and greater access to international markets. This evaluation is intended as an input for the new country strategy document that the Bank is preparing.
La evaluacion busca contribuir a discernir si la practica y las disposiciones actuales para asign... more La evaluacion busca contribuir a discernir si la practica y las disposiciones actuales para asignar los US$100 millones de ingresos netos provenientes del Capital Ordinario a 19 programas especiales es una forma eficaz de apoyar la cooperacion tecnica para ayudar a responder a las necesidades prioritarias de desarrollo economico y social en los paises miembros prestatarios del Banco. La evaluacion cubrira el funcionamiento de los programas especiales financiados con Capital Ordinario desde 2005 hasta mediados de 2014, haciendo hincapie en la implementacion de las reformas propuestas desde 2008 y sus efectos sobre el desempeno de los programas especiales.
Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization, 1990
Biomedical research on human subjects involves certain ethical principles, several of which are d... more Biomedical research on human subjects involves certain ethical principles, several of which are described in this article. It is also true, however, that application of these principles in real life poses problems, especially in the case of international research conducted under culturally diverse conditions. This presentation examines certain cultural and institutional circumstances prevailing in much of Latin America and the Caribbean that show a predilection to pose problems of this kind. This is not done to encourage research without ethical principles, but rather to familiarize investigators with cultural differences, so that these differences can be considered when studies on human subjects are being conducted, thereby improving the prospects for beneficial research that respects ethical principles within different cultural contexts.
As part of its annual work plan, the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) will evaluate the B... more As part of its annual work plan, the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) will evaluate the Bank's country program with Panama for the period 2010-2014. This paper defines the approach and methodology for the planned Country Program Evaluation (CPE). This is the third independent evaluation of the Bank's Country Program with Panama. Past evaluations covered the periods 1991-2003 (RE-305), and 2005-2009 (RE-359). For the purpose of this evaluation, OVE will review all Sovereign Guaranteed (SG) and Non-Sovereign Guaranteed (NSG) loan and TC operations (excluding IIC and MIF) that were either active or approved between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2014.
El Directorio Ejecutivo del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo solicito a la Oficina de Evaluacio... more El Directorio Ejecutivo del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo solicito a la Oficina de Evaluacion y Supervision que llevara a cabo una evaluacion de los Programas Especiales como parte de su programa de trabajo para 2014. La evaluacion procura determinar hasta que punto la practica y los mecanismos que asignan US$100 millones de los ingresos netos del Capital Ordinario a los 19 Programas Especiales constituyen una forma eficaz de financiar cooperacion tecnica para atender las necesidades prioritarias de desarrollo economico y social de los paises prestatarios del Banco. La evaluacion abarca las operaciones de los Programas Especiales financiados con Capital Ordinario durante el periodo comprendido entre 2005 y mediados de 2014, y la cartera de cooperacion tecnica de los Programas Especiales en el periodo comprendido entre 2005 y 2013.