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Papers by Andreas Eichhorn
In Germany, monitoring of civil engineering structures as basis for the condition evaluation and ... more In Germany, monitoring of civil engineering structures as basis for the condition evaluation and the estimation of the remaining lifetime is a central task in engineering geodesy. Especially bridges (currently, there exist more than 120.000 motorway and 25.000 railway bridges) are subject of intensive observation, because they often suffer on ageing and are exposed to constantly rising traffic loads. In extension to existing monitoring methods, e.g. the main checks which are periodically performed all 6 years amongst others by geodetic and structural engineering measurements focusing on settlements and bending in single object points, new mostly contact-free laminar or profile-wise methods are developed which aim to improve the effectiveness, the economic performance but also the knowledge a about the inner structural conditions. Major goals are the fast evaluation of structural safety and operational reliability but also the detection and localization of damages within a condition-...
Die vorliegende Arbeit entstand am "Institut fur Anwendungen der Geodasie im Bauwesen" ... more Die vorliegende Arbeit entstand am "Institut fur Anwendungen der Geodasie im Bauwesen" (IAGB) der Universitat Stuttgart im Rahmen des Forschungsschwerpunkts "Identifikation dynamischer Systeme". Es werden zwei Aufgabenstellungen behandelt. Die erste Aufgabenstellung kommt aus dem Bereich der Deformationsanalyse und beinhaltet die Entwicklung eines Temperaturdeformationsmodells zur realitatsnahen Pradiktion bzw. Simulation der Auswirkung von einseitigen dynamischen Temperaturbelastungen auf balkenformige Korper. Ein wichtiges Anwendungsgebiet ist im Maschinenbau durch die indirekten Kompensationsverfahren zur Minimierung von thermischen Effekten auf hochprazise Werkzeugmaschinen gegeben. Im Bauwesen ist die Analyse der thermischen Biegung von schlanken Baukonstruktionen unter dem Einfluss der Sonneneinstrahlung von Interesse. Den Kern des Modells bildet eine Finite Elemente Topologie auf der Grundlage von partiellen Differenzialgleichungen zur Quantifizierung der ...
Sensors, 2018
In recent years, a variety of real-time applications benefit from services provided by localizati... more In recent years, a variety of real-time applications benefit from services provided by localization systems due to the advent of sensing and communication technologies. Since the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) enables localization only outside buildings, applications for indoor positioning and navigation use alternative technologies. Ultra Wide Band Signals (UWB), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), ultrasonic or infrared are common examples. However, these technologies suffer from fading and multipath effects caused by objects and materials in the building. In contrast, magnetic fields are able to pass through obstacles without significant propagation errors, i.e. in Non-Line of Sight Scenarios (NLoS). The aim of this work is to propose a novel indoor positioning system based on artificially generated magnetic fields in combination with Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs). In order to reach a better coverage, multiple coils are used as reference points. A basic algorithm for three-dimensional applications is demonstrated as well as evaluated in this article. The established system is then realized by a sensor fusion principle as well as a kinematic motion model on the basis of a Kalman filter. Furthermore, a pressure sensor is used in combination with an adaptive filtering method to reliably estimate the platform's altitude.
International Association of Geodesy Symposia
In 2006, OASYS, an EU funded project on a multi-scale monitoring concept for landslides as a basi... more In 2006, OASYS, an EU funded project on a multi-scale monitoring concept for landslides as a basis for an alert system, was completed. 12 institutes from 6 countries tried to merge their multidisciplinary knowledge in the field of landslides and disaster management. The main goal of the research was to develop a cost saving concept for landslide disaster prediction in areas with a higher density of landslides. The present paper reports about the innovative steps and about some highlights of the research, emphasising mainly three tasks: & GIS integrated geological evaluations of remote-sensing data to delineate the high-risk areas in regions with a larger number of landslides & geometrical analysis of the monitoring data by fuzzy techniques as a basis for the design of the sensor network and & geomechanical modelling of the landslide by FD-methods as a basic information for an alarm system. Kurzfassung Im Jahr 2006 wurde ein von der EU gefö rdertes Projekt abgeschlossen, in dem ein mehrstufiges Mess-und Auswertekonzept entwickelt wurde, welches eine Basis fü r Frü hwarnsysteme sein soll. Wissenschaftler von zwö lf Instituten aus sechs Lä ndern kooperierten in interdisziplinä ren Arbeitsgruppen. Eine besondere Herausforderung war, ein kostensparendes Konzept fü r Regionen mit einer Vielzahl von Rutschungsgebieten entstehen zu lassen. Dieser Beitrag beschrä nkt sich auf folgende drei Schwerpunkte: & GIS integrierte geologische Evaluierung von Fernerkundungsdaten, um die Grenzen der Gefahrenzonen zu kennzeichnen & geometrische Analyse von Beobachtungsdaten mit einem mehrstufigen Fuzzy-System als Basis fü r ein kostensparendes Design der Sensor-Netzwerke & geomechanische Modellierung der Rutschungshä nge durch FD-Methoden als Basisinformation fü r ein Frü hwarnsystem
Journal of Applied Geodesy, 2007
Journal of Applied Geodesy, 2008
In this paper the application of knowledge-based systems for the analysis and evaluation of geode... more In this paper the application of knowledge-based systems for the analysis and evaluation of geodetic measurements is described. The first part gives a nontechnical overview over existing software products like GeoFit and current research activities (e.g. TUNCONSTRUCT, KASIP) with special focuses on tunneling and natural disaster management. The second part of the paper describes a case study from technical surveying in detail: the knowledgebased evaluation of the quality of free stationing on construction sites (e.g. tunnel sites). One main goal of the knowledge-based approach is to automate the time consuming daily process of manually checking lots of datasets by human experts. The paper shows the development of the knowledge-based system ranging from knowledge acquisition over knowledge analysis and representation up to the software prototype. A practical example is presented which indicates the capability of the system even to reproduce the often intuitive ratings of human experts.
In Germany, monitoring of civil engineering structures as basis for the condition evaluation and ... more In Germany, monitoring of civil engineering structures as basis for the condition evaluation and the estimation of the remaining lifetime is a central task in engineering geodesy. Especially bridges (currently, there exist more than 120.000 motorway and 25.000 railway bridges) are subject of intensive observation, because they often suffer on ageing and are exposed to constantly rising traffic loads. In extension to existing monitoring methods, e.g. the main checks which are periodically performed all 6 years amongst others by geodetic and structural engineering measurements focusing on settlements and bending in single object points, new mostly contact-free laminar or profile-wise methods are developed which aim to improve the effectiveness, the economic performance but also the knowledge a about the inner structural conditions. Major goals are the fast evaluation of structural safety and operational reliability but also the detection and localization of damages within a condition-...
Die vorliegende Arbeit entstand am "Institut fur Anwendungen der Geodasie im Bauwesen" ... more Die vorliegende Arbeit entstand am "Institut fur Anwendungen der Geodasie im Bauwesen" (IAGB) der Universitat Stuttgart im Rahmen des Forschungsschwerpunkts "Identifikation dynamischer Systeme". Es werden zwei Aufgabenstellungen behandelt. Die erste Aufgabenstellung kommt aus dem Bereich der Deformationsanalyse und beinhaltet die Entwicklung eines Temperaturdeformationsmodells zur realitatsnahen Pradiktion bzw. Simulation der Auswirkung von einseitigen dynamischen Temperaturbelastungen auf balkenformige Korper. Ein wichtiges Anwendungsgebiet ist im Maschinenbau durch die indirekten Kompensationsverfahren zur Minimierung von thermischen Effekten auf hochprazise Werkzeugmaschinen gegeben. Im Bauwesen ist die Analyse der thermischen Biegung von schlanken Baukonstruktionen unter dem Einfluss der Sonneneinstrahlung von Interesse. Den Kern des Modells bildet eine Finite Elemente Topologie auf der Grundlage von partiellen Differenzialgleichungen zur Quantifizierung der ...
Sensors, 2018
In recent years, a variety of real-time applications benefit from services provided by localizati... more In recent years, a variety of real-time applications benefit from services provided by localization systems due to the advent of sensing and communication technologies. Since the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) enables localization only outside buildings, applications for indoor positioning and navigation use alternative technologies. Ultra Wide Band Signals (UWB), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), ultrasonic or infrared are common examples. However, these technologies suffer from fading and multipath effects caused by objects and materials in the building. In contrast, magnetic fields are able to pass through obstacles without significant propagation errors, i.e. in Non-Line of Sight Scenarios (NLoS). The aim of this work is to propose a novel indoor positioning system based on artificially generated magnetic fields in combination with Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs). In order to reach a better coverage, multiple coils are used as reference points. A basic algorithm for three-dimensional applications is demonstrated as well as evaluated in this article. The established system is then realized by a sensor fusion principle as well as a kinematic motion model on the basis of a Kalman filter. Furthermore, a pressure sensor is used in combination with an adaptive filtering method to reliably estimate the platform's altitude.
International Association of Geodesy Symposia
In 2006, OASYS, an EU funded project on a multi-scale monitoring concept for landslides as a basi... more In 2006, OASYS, an EU funded project on a multi-scale monitoring concept for landslides as a basis for an alert system, was completed. 12 institutes from 6 countries tried to merge their multidisciplinary knowledge in the field of landslides and disaster management. The main goal of the research was to develop a cost saving concept for landslide disaster prediction in areas with a higher density of landslides. The present paper reports about the innovative steps and about some highlights of the research, emphasising mainly three tasks: & GIS integrated geological evaluations of remote-sensing data to delineate the high-risk areas in regions with a larger number of landslides & geometrical analysis of the monitoring data by fuzzy techniques as a basis for the design of the sensor network and & geomechanical modelling of the landslide by FD-methods as a basic information for an alarm system. Kurzfassung Im Jahr 2006 wurde ein von der EU gefö rdertes Projekt abgeschlossen, in dem ein mehrstufiges Mess-und Auswertekonzept entwickelt wurde, welches eine Basis fü r Frü hwarnsysteme sein soll. Wissenschaftler von zwö lf Instituten aus sechs Lä ndern kooperierten in interdisziplinä ren Arbeitsgruppen. Eine besondere Herausforderung war, ein kostensparendes Konzept fü r Regionen mit einer Vielzahl von Rutschungsgebieten entstehen zu lassen. Dieser Beitrag beschrä nkt sich auf folgende drei Schwerpunkte: & GIS integrierte geologische Evaluierung von Fernerkundungsdaten, um die Grenzen der Gefahrenzonen zu kennzeichnen & geometrische Analyse von Beobachtungsdaten mit einem mehrstufigen Fuzzy-System als Basis fü r ein kostensparendes Design der Sensor-Netzwerke & geomechanische Modellierung der Rutschungshä nge durch FD-Methoden als Basisinformation fü r ein Frü hwarnsystem
Journal of Applied Geodesy, 2007
Journal of Applied Geodesy, 2008
In this paper the application of knowledge-based systems for the analysis and evaluation of geode... more In this paper the application of knowledge-based systems for the analysis and evaluation of geodetic measurements is described. The first part gives a nontechnical overview over existing software products like GeoFit and current research activities (e.g. TUNCONSTRUCT, KASIP) with special focuses on tunneling and natural disaster management. The second part of the paper describes a case study from technical surveying in detail: the knowledgebased evaluation of the quality of free stationing on construction sites (e.g. tunnel sites). One main goal of the knowledge-based approach is to automate the time consuming daily process of manually checking lots of datasets by human experts. The paper shows the development of the knowledge-based system ranging from knowledge acquisition over knowledge analysis and representation up to the software prototype. A practical example is presented which indicates the capability of the system even to reproduce the often intuitive ratings of human experts.