Andrew Diener - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Andrew Diener

Research paper thumbnail of PSKR1 balances the plant growth-defense trade-off in the rhizosphere microbiome

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Nov 7, 2022

Microbiota provide benefits to their hosts including nutrient uptake and protection against patho... more Microbiota provide benefits to their hosts including nutrient uptake and protection against pathogens. How hosts balance an appropriate immune response to avoid microbiota overgrowth while avoiding autoimmunity is not well understood. Here we show that Arabidopsis pskr1 (phytosulfokine receptor 1) loss-of-function mutants display autoimmunity and reduced rhizosphere bacterial growth when inoculated with normally growth-promoting Pseudomonas fluorescens. Transcriptional profiling demonstrated that PSKR1 regulates the plant growthdefense trade-off during plant-microbiome interactions: PSKR1 upregulates plant photosynthesis and root growth but suppresses salicylic acid (SA)-mediated defense responses. Genetic epistasis experiments showed that PSRK1 inhibition of microbiota-induced autoimmunity is fully dependent on SA signaling. Finally, using a transgenic reporter, we showed that P. fluorescens induces PSKR1 expression in roots, suggesting P. fluorescens might manipulate plant signaling to promote its colonization. Our data demonstrate a genetic mechanism to coordinate beneficial functions of the microbiome while preventing autoimmunity. .

Research paper thumbnail of Primary nitrate responses mediated by calcium signalling and diverse protein phosphorylation

Journal of Experimental Botany, 2020

Nitrate, the major source of inorganic nitrogen for plants, is a critical signal controlling nutr... more Nitrate, the major source of inorganic nitrogen for plants, is a critical signal controlling nutrient transport and assimilation and adaptive growth responses throughout the plant. Understanding how plants perceive nitrate and how this perception is transduced into responses that optimize growth are important for the rational improvement of crop productivity and for mitigating pollution from the use of fertilizers. This review highlights recent findings that reveal key roles of cytosolic–nuclear calcium signalling and dynamic protein phosphorylation via diverse mechanisms in the primary nitrate response (PNR). Nitrate-triggered calcium signatures as well as the critical functions of subgroup III calcium-sensor protein kinases, a specific protein phosphatase 2C, and RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphatase-like 3 are discussed. Moreover, genome-wide meta-analysis of nitrate-regulated genes encoding candidate protein kinases and phosphatases for modulating critical phosphorylat...

Research paper thumbnail of Arabidopsis thaliana resistance to fusarium oxysporum 2 implicates tyrosine-sulfated peptide signaling in susceptibility and resistance to root infection

PLoS genetics, 2013

In the plant Arabidopsis thaliana, multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs), including RFO2, accou... more In the plant Arabidopsis thaliana, multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs), including RFO2, account for the strong resistance of accession Columbia-0 (Col-0) and relative susceptibility of Taynuilt-0 (Ty-0) to the vascular wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum forma specialis matthioli. We find that RFO2 corresponds to diversity in receptor-like protein (RLP) genes. In Col-0, there is a tandem pair of RLP genes: RFO2/At1g17250 confers resistance while RLP2 does not. In Ty-0, the highly diverged RFO2 locus has one RLP gene conferring weaker resistance. While the endogenous RFO2 makes a modest contribution to resistance, transgenic RFO2 provides strong pathogen-specific resistance. The extracellular leucine-rich repeats (eLRRs) in RFO2 and RLP2 are interchangeable for resistance and remarkably similar to eLRRs in the receptor-like kinase PSY1R, which perceives tyrosine-sulfated peptide PSY1. Reduced infection in psy1r and mutants of related phytosulfokine (PSK) receptor genes PSKR1 and PSKR2...

Research paper thumbnail of RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM 1, a dominant Arabidopsis disease-resistance gene, is not race specific

Genetics, 2005

Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes differ in their susceptibility to Fusarium wilt diseases. Ecotype T... more Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes differ in their susceptibility to Fusarium wilt diseases. Ecotype Taynuilt-0 (Ty-0) is susceptible to Fusarium oxysporum forma specialis (f.) matthioli whereas Columbia-0 (Col-0) is resistant. Segregation analysis of a cross between Ty-0 and Col-0 revealed six dominant RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM (RFO) loci that significantly contribute to f. matthioli resistance in Col-0 relative to Ty-0. We refer to the locus with the strongest effect as RFO1. Ty-0 plants in which only the Col-0 allele of RFO1 (RFO1 Col-0) was introduced were resistant to f. matthioli. Surprisingly, RFO1 Col-0 also conferred resistance to f. raphani, demonstrating that RFO1-mediated resistance is not race specific. Expression of resistance by RFO2, RFO4, or RFO6 was dependent on RFO1 Col-0. Map-based cloning of RFO1 Col-0 showed that RFO1 is identical to the previously named Arabidopsis gene WAKL22 (WALL-ASSOCIATED KINASE-LIKE KINASE 22), which encodes a receptor-like kinase that does not contain an extracellular leucine-rich repeat domain. Consistent with these results, a Col-0 rfo1 loss-of-function mutant was more susceptible to f. matthioli, f. conglutinans, and f. raphani. Thus, RFO1 encodes a novel type of dominant disease-resistance protein that confers resistance to a broad spectrum of Fusarium races.

Research paper thumbnail of Arabidopsis ALF5, a Multidrug Efflux Transporter Gene Family Member, Confers Resistance to Toxins

The Plant Cell, 2001

The Arabidopsis genome contains many gene families that are not found in the animal kingdom. One ... more The Arabidopsis genome contains many gene families that are not found in the animal kingdom. One of these is the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) family, which has homology with bacterial efflux transporters. Arabidopsis has at least 54 members of this family, which often are found in tandem repeats. Analysis of ALF5, one member of this Arabidopsis family, suggests that its function is required for protection of the roots from inhibitory compounds. Loss of ALF5 function results in the sensitivity of the root to a number of compounds, including a contaminant of commercial agar. Moreover, expression of the Arabidopsis ALF5 cDNA in yeast confers resistance to tetramethylammonium. These phenotypes are consistent with a role for ALF5 as an efflux transporter. Both transcriptional and translational fusions of ALF5 to the ␤-glucuronidase reporter gene show that ALF5 is expressed strongly in the root epidermis, a tissue in direct contact with the external environment. The distinct requirement for ALF5 function is remarkable because of the large number of MATE gene family members in Arabidopsis, one of which is adjacent to ALF5 and 83% identical to ALF5 at the amino acid level.

Research paper thumbnail of DLH1 is a functional Candida albicans homologue of the meiosis-specific gene DMC1

Genetics, 1996

DMCl/LIM15 homologue 1 (D L H l) , a gene related to meiosis-specific genes, has been isolated fr... more DMCl/LIM15 homologue 1 (D L H l) , a gene related to meiosis-specific genes, has been isolated from Candida albicans, a fungus thought not to undergo meiosis. The deduced protein sequence of DLHl contains 74% amino acid identity with Dmclp from Saccharomyces cermisiae and 63% with Liml5p from the plant Lilium long)lmm, meiosisspecific homologues of Escherichia coli R e d. Candida DLHl complements a dmcl/dmcl null mutant in S. cermisiae: High copy expression of DLHl restores both sporulation and meiotic recombination to a Saccharomyces dmclA/dmclA strain. Unlike the DMCl gene, which is transcribed only in meiotic cells, the heterologous Candida DLHl gene is transcribed in both vegetative and meiotic cells of S. cermisiae. Transcription of DLHl is not detected or induced in C. albicans under conditions that induce DMCl and meiosis in S. cermisiae. The presence of an intact homologue of a meiosis-specific gene in C. albicans raises the possibility that this organism has a cryptic meiotic pathway.

Research paper thumbnail of PSKR1 balances the plant growth-defense trade-off in the rhizosphere microbiome

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Nov 7, 2022

Microbiota provide benefits to their hosts including nutrient uptake and protection against patho... more Microbiota provide benefits to their hosts including nutrient uptake and protection against pathogens. How hosts balance an appropriate immune response to avoid microbiota overgrowth while avoiding autoimmunity is not well understood. Here we show that Arabidopsis pskr1 (phytosulfokine receptor 1) loss-of-function mutants display autoimmunity and reduced rhizosphere bacterial growth when inoculated with normally growth-promoting Pseudomonas fluorescens. Transcriptional profiling demonstrated that PSKR1 regulates the plant growthdefense trade-off during plant-microbiome interactions: PSKR1 upregulates plant photosynthesis and root growth but suppresses salicylic acid (SA)-mediated defense responses. Genetic epistasis experiments showed that PSRK1 inhibition of microbiota-induced autoimmunity is fully dependent on SA signaling. Finally, using a transgenic reporter, we showed that P. fluorescens induces PSKR1 expression in roots, suggesting P. fluorescens might manipulate plant signaling to promote its colonization. Our data demonstrate a genetic mechanism to coordinate beneficial functions of the microbiome while preventing autoimmunity. .

Research paper thumbnail of Primary nitrate responses mediated by calcium signalling and diverse protein phosphorylation

Journal of Experimental Botany, 2020

Nitrate, the major source of inorganic nitrogen for plants, is a critical signal controlling nutr... more Nitrate, the major source of inorganic nitrogen for plants, is a critical signal controlling nutrient transport and assimilation and adaptive growth responses throughout the plant. Understanding how plants perceive nitrate and how this perception is transduced into responses that optimize growth are important for the rational improvement of crop productivity and for mitigating pollution from the use of fertilizers. This review highlights recent findings that reveal key roles of cytosolic–nuclear calcium signalling and dynamic protein phosphorylation via diverse mechanisms in the primary nitrate response (PNR). Nitrate-triggered calcium signatures as well as the critical functions of subgroup III calcium-sensor protein kinases, a specific protein phosphatase 2C, and RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphatase-like 3 are discussed. Moreover, genome-wide meta-analysis of nitrate-regulated genes encoding candidate protein kinases and phosphatases for modulating critical phosphorylat...

Research paper thumbnail of Arabidopsis thaliana resistance to fusarium oxysporum 2 implicates tyrosine-sulfated peptide signaling in susceptibility and resistance to root infection

PLoS genetics, 2013

In the plant Arabidopsis thaliana, multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs), including RFO2, accou... more In the plant Arabidopsis thaliana, multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs), including RFO2, account for the strong resistance of accession Columbia-0 (Col-0) and relative susceptibility of Taynuilt-0 (Ty-0) to the vascular wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum forma specialis matthioli. We find that RFO2 corresponds to diversity in receptor-like protein (RLP) genes. In Col-0, there is a tandem pair of RLP genes: RFO2/At1g17250 confers resistance while RLP2 does not. In Ty-0, the highly diverged RFO2 locus has one RLP gene conferring weaker resistance. While the endogenous RFO2 makes a modest contribution to resistance, transgenic RFO2 provides strong pathogen-specific resistance. The extracellular leucine-rich repeats (eLRRs) in RFO2 and RLP2 are interchangeable for resistance and remarkably similar to eLRRs in the receptor-like kinase PSY1R, which perceives tyrosine-sulfated peptide PSY1. Reduced infection in psy1r and mutants of related phytosulfokine (PSK) receptor genes PSKR1 and PSKR2...

Research paper thumbnail of RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM 1, a dominant Arabidopsis disease-resistance gene, is not race specific

Genetics, 2005

Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes differ in their susceptibility to Fusarium wilt diseases. Ecotype T... more Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes differ in their susceptibility to Fusarium wilt diseases. Ecotype Taynuilt-0 (Ty-0) is susceptible to Fusarium oxysporum forma specialis (f.) matthioli whereas Columbia-0 (Col-0) is resistant. Segregation analysis of a cross between Ty-0 and Col-0 revealed six dominant RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM (RFO) loci that significantly contribute to f. matthioli resistance in Col-0 relative to Ty-0. We refer to the locus with the strongest effect as RFO1. Ty-0 plants in which only the Col-0 allele of RFO1 (RFO1 Col-0) was introduced were resistant to f. matthioli. Surprisingly, RFO1 Col-0 also conferred resistance to f. raphani, demonstrating that RFO1-mediated resistance is not race specific. Expression of resistance by RFO2, RFO4, or RFO6 was dependent on RFO1 Col-0. Map-based cloning of RFO1 Col-0 showed that RFO1 is identical to the previously named Arabidopsis gene WAKL22 (WALL-ASSOCIATED KINASE-LIKE KINASE 22), which encodes a receptor-like kinase that does not contain an extracellular leucine-rich repeat domain. Consistent with these results, a Col-0 rfo1 loss-of-function mutant was more susceptible to f. matthioli, f. conglutinans, and f. raphani. Thus, RFO1 encodes a novel type of dominant disease-resistance protein that confers resistance to a broad spectrum of Fusarium races.

Research paper thumbnail of Arabidopsis ALF5, a Multidrug Efflux Transporter Gene Family Member, Confers Resistance to Toxins

The Plant Cell, 2001

The Arabidopsis genome contains many gene families that are not found in the animal kingdom. One ... more The Arabidopsis genome contains many gene families that are not found in the animal kingdom. One of these is the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) family, which has homology with bacterial efflux transporters. Arabidopsis has at least 54 members of this family, which often are found in tandem repeats. Analysis of ALF5, one member of this Arabidopsis family, suggests that its function is required for protection of the roots from inhibitory compounds. Loss of ALF5 function results in the sensitivity of the root to a number of compounds, including a contaminant of commercial agar. Moreover, expression of the Arabidopsis ALF5 cDNA in yeast confers resistance to tetramethylammonium. These phenotypes are consistent with a role for ALF5 as an efflux transporter. Both transcriptional and translational fusions of ALF5 to the ␤-glucuronidase reporter gene show that ALF5 is expressed strongly in the root epidermis, a tissue in direct contact with the external environment. The distinct requirement for ALF5 function is remarkable because of the large number of MATE gene family members in Arabidopsis, one of which is adjacent to ALF5 and 83% identical to ALF5 at the amino acid level.

Research paper thumbnail of DLH1 is a functional Candida albicans homologue of the meiosis-specific gene DMC1

Genetics, 1996

DMCl/LIM15 homologue 1 (D L H l) , a gene related to meiosis-specific genes, has been isolated fr... more DMCl/LIM15 homologue 1 (D L H l) , a gene related to meiosis-specific genes, has been isolated from Candida albicans, a fungus thought not to undergo meiosis. The deduced protein sequence of DLHl contains 74% amino acid identity with Dmclp from Saccharomyces cermisiae and 63% with Liml5p from the plant Lilium long)lmm, meiosisspecific homologues of Escherichia coli R e d. Candida DLHl complements a dmcl/dmcl null mutant in S. cermisiae: High copy expression of DLHl restores both sporulation and meiotic recombination to a Saccharomyces dmclA/dmclA strain. Unlike the DMCl gene, which is transcribed only in meiotic cells, the heterologous Candida DLHl gene is transcribed in both vegetative and meiotic cells of S. cermisiae. Transcription of DLHl is not detected or induced in C. albicans under conditions that induce DMCl and meiosis in S. cermisiae. The presence of an intact homologue of a meiosis-specific gene in C. albicans raises the possibility that this organism has a cryptic meiotic pathway.