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Papers by Andrew Wilkinson
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1982
... neonatal outcome J. du T. Zaaijman, A. R. Wilkinson, JW Keeling, R. G. Mitchell and A. C. Tur... more ... neonatal outcome J. du T. Zaaijman, A. R. Wilkinson, JW Keeling, R. G. Mitchell and A. C. Turnbull John Radcliffe Maternity Hospital, Headington, Oxford ... The swabs were placed in Stuart's medium and were delivered to the laboratory within 2 hours and stored at 4°C overnight. ...
British Journal of Surgery, 1976
The operation wounds of 20 per cent of the children operated on in one surgical unit of a childre... more The operation wounds of 20 per cent of the children operated on in one surgical unit of a children's hospital became infected. Infection was commonest in the newly born operated on as emergencies, 50 per cent of whose wounds became infected. No connection was found between infection and nasal carriage of staphylococci. A possible source of injection in the young may be the umbilicus.
Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 2006
Over the last three decades, the brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) has been used to asses... more Over the last three decades, the brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) has been used to assess functional integrity and development of the auditory system and the brain in conditions that affect the brainstem auditory pathway. As a non-invasive objective test, BAER is particularly suitable in very young or sick infants. It is the major tool to detect hearing impairment in high-risk infants, and a component in universal hearing screening. BAER is also a valuable adjunct to detect neurological impairment in many developmental disorders and functional abnormalities in a range of neurological diseases. The maximum length sequence (MLS) technique has recently been incorporated into neonatal BAER study. Recent results indicate that the MLS has the potential to improve the diagnostic value of BAER in some clinical situations, although the wider utility of this relative new technique remains to be further explored. ª
Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture, 1984
Myrosinase activity in partially purified extracts of 12 cruciferous vegetables and an acetone po... more Myrosinase activity in partially purified extracts of 12 cruciferous vegetables and an acetone powder preparation of Sinapis alba L. (white mustard) was determined by the initial rate of glucose formation from glucosinolate hydrolysis using a coupled assay. Of the species studied Raphanus sativus L. (radish, 12.8±0.7 μmol min−1g−1 powdered tissue) had the greatest myrosinase activity, and Brassica campestris L. ssp. rapifera (turnip) and Nasturtium officinalis R.Br. (watercress) (0.6±0.1 and 0.8±0.03 μmol min−1g−1 powdered tissue respectively) the least. The sub-species of Brassica oleracea studied all had similar myrosinase activity (ca 2.5±0.2μmolmin−1g−1 powdered tissue) except B. oleracea L. var. gemmifera D.C. (Brussels sprouts) and B. oleracea L. var. capitata L. (white cabbage) which had higher activities (7.6±0.1 and 5.2±0.2μmol min−1g−1 powdered tissue respectively). The effect of ascorbate concentration upon the myrosinase activity of six of the crucifers studied and the white mustard preparation, revealed that the ascorbate concentration necessary to promote maximal activity varied with species. A concentration of 0.9mM ascorbate maximally activated radish and turnip myrosinase, while red cabbage, watercress, white mustard and Brussels sprouts were maximally activated at 2.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 0.7–1.0mM ascorbate respectively. Two peaks of maximal myrosinase activity, occurring between 0.9 and 1.0mM and at 3.0mM ascorbate, were found for B. oleracea L. var. botrytis L. subvar. cauliflora D.C. (cauliflower).
British Journal of Surgery, 1976
The fusion between splenic tissue and the left gonad or the derivatives of the left mesonephros i... more The fusion between splenic tissue and the left gonad or the derivatives of the left mesonephros is a rare congenital anomaly first described in detail by Pommer in 1887/9 and divided into two forms by Putschar and Manion in 1956.In the first or continuous type a cord of splenic or fibrous tissue connects the spleen and the gonadal-mesonephric structures. In the second type the fused splenomesonephric structures have lost continuity with the main spleen.An example of the continuous form is presented and the previous reports are briefly reviewed.
Carcinogenesis, 1990
... David W.Denning1, Roger Allen, Andrew P.Wilkinson2 and Michael RAMorgan2 ... Br. J Cancer, 51... more ... David W.Denning1, Roger Allen, Andrew P.Wilkinson2 and Michael RAMorgan2 ... Br. J Cancer, 51, 713-726. 3. Bulatao-Jayme.J., Almero.EM, Castro,CA, Jardeleza.TR and Salamat.LA (1982) A case control dietary study of primary liver cancer risk from aflatoxin exposure. Int. ...
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 1993
The relationship between age and the outcome of ECT was prospectively studied in 78 patients with... more The relationship between age and the outcome of ECT was prospectively studied in 78 patients with DSM-III-R major depression with melancholia or psychosis. Sixty-eight patients were similarly evaluated for change in cognitive performance before and after treatment. Strongly positive correlations between increasing age, response to ECT and improved cognitive function were demonstrated and emphasize that ECT remains an important treatment for depression in old age, where the greatest benefits may be seen.
Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 2008
SUMMARYCysts in the periventricular region of the brain were demonstrated by ultrasound in eight ... more SUMMARYCysts in the periventricular region of the brain were demonstrated by ultrasound in eight of 102 preterm infants (birthweight <1501g or <34 weeks gestation) during a 14-month period. All eight babies survived, but developed serious neurological problems: five had spastic quadriplegia and three had spastic diplegia. Six had impaired vision and six had delayed speech development, but there was no evidence of impaired hearing. The cysts probably represent the infarcted lesions of periventricular leukomalacia.Cysts in the periventricular region of the brain were demonstrated by ultrasound in eight of 102 preterm infants (birthweight <1501g or <34 weeks gestation) during a 14-month period. All eight babies survived, but developed serious neurological problems: five had spastic quadriplegia and three had spastic diplegia. Six had impaired vision and six had delayed speech development, but there was no evidence of impaired hearing. The cysts probably represent the infarcted lesions of periventricular leukomalacia.RÉSUMÉApparition d'une Infirmité Motrice Cérébrate après détection échographique de kystes périventriculaires chez le nouveau-néLa présence de kystes dans la région périventriculaire du cerveau fut demontrée par échographie chez huit parmi 102 prématurés (poids de naissance inférieur à 1501g ou gestation de moins de 34 semaines) durant une période de 14 mois. Les huit nourrissons survécurent mais développèrent des troubles neurologiques graves: cinq d'entre eux présentèrent une quadriplégie spastique et trois, une diplégie spastique. Six présentèrent des troubles de vision et six un retard de langage mais il n'y eut pas d'indication de déficit auditif. Les kystes représentent probablement les lésions infarcies d'une leucomalacie périventriculaire.Apparition d'une Infirmité Motrice Cérébrate après détection échographique de kystes périventriculaires chez le nouveau-néLa présence de kystes dans la région périventriculaire du cerveau fut demontrée par échographie chez huit parmi 102 prématurés (poids de naissance inférieur à 1501g ou gestation de moins de 34 semaines) durant une période de 14 mois. Les huit nourrissons survécurent mais développèrent des troubles neurologiques graves: cinq d'entre eux présentèrent une quadriplégie spastique et trois, une diplégie spastique. Six présentèrent des troubles de vision et six un retard de langage mais il n'y eut pas d'indication de déficit auditif. Les kystes représentent probablement les lésions infarcies d'une leucomalacie périventriculaire.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEntwicklung einer Cerebralparese bei einem Neugeborenen mit ultrasonographisch nachgewiesenen periventrikulären CystenBei acht von 102 Frühgeborenen (Geburtsgewicht <1501g oder Gestation <34 Wochen) wurden in einem Zeitraum von 14 Monaten ultrasonographisch Cysten in der periventrikulären Hirnregion nachgewiesen. Alle acht Kinder überlebten, entwickelten aber schwere neurologische Probleme: fünf hatten eine spastische Tetraplegie und drei hatten eine spastische Diplegie. Sechs hatten eine eingeschränkte Sehkraft und sechs eine verzögerte Sprachentwicklung, aber man fand keinen Anhalt für Hörprobleme. Die Cysten stellen wahrscheinlich infarzierte Läsionen einer periventrikulären Leukomalazie dar.Entwicklung einer Cerebralparese bei einem Neugeborenen mit ultrasonographisch nachgewiesenen periventrikulären CystenBei acht von 102 Frühgeborenen (Geburtsgewicht <1501g oder Gestation <34 Wochen) wurden in einem Zeitraum von 14 Monaten ultrasonographisch Cysten in der periventrikulären Hirnregion nachgewiesen. Alle acht Kinder überlebten, entwickelten aber schwere neurologische Probleme: fünf hatten eine spastische Tetraplegie und drei hatten eine spastische Diplegie. Sechs hatten eine eingeschränkte Sehkraft und sechs eine verzögerte Sprachentwicklung, aber man fand keinen Anhalt für Hörprobleme. Die Cysten stellen wahrscheinlich infarzierte Läsionen einer periventrikulären Leukomalazie dar.RESUMENAparición de parálisis cerebral después de la detección ultrasonográflca de quisles periventriculares en el recién nacidoPor medio de los ultrasonidos se detectaron quistes en la región periventricular del cerebro en ocho de 102 lactantes pretermino (con peso de nacimiento < 1501 o <34 semanas de gestation) durante un periodo de 14 meses. Los ocho niños sobrevivieron pero desarrollaron problemas neurológicos graves: cuatro tenian diplejia espástica y cinco cuadriplejia espástica. Seis tenían alteracion visual y seis retraso en el desarrollo del habia: pero no habia evidencia de alteración auditiva. Probablemente los quistes representan lesiones de infarto de una leucomalacia periventricular.Aparición de parálisis cerebral después de la detección ultrasonográflca de quisles periventriculares en el recién nacidoPor medio de los ultrasonidos se detectaron quistes en la región periventricular del cerebro en ocho de 102 lactantes pretermino (con peso de nacimiento < 1501 o <34 semanas de gestation) durante un periodo de 14 meses. Los ocho niños sobrevivieron pero desarrollaron problemas neurológicos graves: cuatro tenian diplejia espástica y cinco cuadriplejia espástica. Seis tenían alteracion visual y seis retraso en el desarrollo del habia: pero no habia evidencia de alteración auditiva. Probablemente los quistes representan lesiones de infarto de una leucomalacia periventricular.
Educational Review, 1986
The experiment described examines the strategies adapted by a small number of adolescents in writ... more The experiment described examines the strategies adapted by a small number of adolescents in writing, first with a pen, and later with a word processor. The writings of individual children, of male, of female, and of mixed groups, are considered. The word processor is not found to be an essential pre‐requisite for revisions, but a facilitating device. The contention that word processors only encourage children to tinker with surface features is not borne out by the evidence.
British Journal of Educational Studies, 1965
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1982
... neonatal outcome J. du T. Zaaijman, A. R. Wilkinson, JW Keeling, R. G. Mitchell and A. C. Tur... more ... neonatal outcome J. du T. Zaaijman, A. R. Wilkinson, JW Keeling, R. G. Mitchell and A. C. Turnbull John Radcliffe Maternity Hospital, Headington, Oxford ... The swabs were placed in Stuart's medium and were delivered to the laboratory within 2 hours and stored at 4°C overnight. ...
British Journal of Surgery, 1976
The operation wounds of 20 per cent of the children operated on in one surgical unit of a childre... more The operation wounds of 20 per cent of the children operated on in one surgical unit of a children's hospital became infected. Infection was commonest in the newly born operated on as emergencies, 50 per cent of whose wounds became infected. No connection was found between infection and nasal carriage of staphylococci. A possible source of injection in the young may be the umbilicus.
Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 2006
Over the last three decades, the brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) has been used to asses... more Over the last three decades, the brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) has been used to assess functional integrity and development of the auditory system and the brain in conditions that affect the brainstem auditory pathway. As a non-invasive objective test, BAER is particularly suitable in very young or sick infants. It is the major tool to detect hearing impairment in high-risk infants, and a component in universal hearing screening. BAER is also a valuable adjunct to detect neurological impairment in many developmental disorders and functional abnormalities in a range of neurological diseases. The maximum length sequence (MLS) technique has recently been incorporated into neonatal BAER study. Recent results indicate that the MLS has the potential to improve the diagnostic value of BAER in some clinical situations, although the wider utility of this relative new technique remains to be further explored. ª
Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture, 1984
Myrosinase activity in partially purified extracts of 12 cruciferous vegetables and an acetone po... more Myrosinase activity in partially purified extracts of 12 cruciferous vegetables and an acetone powder preparation of Sinapis alba L. (white mustard) was determined by the initial rate of glucose formation from glucosinolate hydrolysis using a coupled assay. Of the species studied Raphanus sativus L. (radish, 12.8±0.7 μmol min−1g−1 powdered tissue) had the greatest myrosinase activity, and Brassica campestris L. ssp. rapifera (turnip) and Nasturtium officinalis R.Br. (watercress) (0.6±0.1 and 0.8±0.03 μmol min−1g−1 powdered tissue respectively) the least. The sub-species of Brassica oleracea studied all had similar myrosinase activity (ca 2.5±0.2μmolmin−1g−1 powdered tissue) except B. oleracea L. var. gemmifera D.C. (Brussels sprouts) and B. oleracea L. var. capitata L. (white cabbage) which had higher activities (7.6±0.1 and 5.2±0.2μmol min−1g−1 powdered tissue respectively). The effect of ascorbate concentration upon the myrosinase activity of six of the crucifers studied and the white mustard preparation, revealed that the ascorbate concentration necessary to promote maximal activity varied with species. A concentration of 0.9mM ascorbate maximally activated radish and turnip myrosinase, while red cabbage, watercress, white mustard and Brussels sprouts were maximally activated at 2.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 0.7–1.0mM ascorbate respectively. Two peaks of maximal myrosinase activity, occurring between 0.9 and 1.0mM and at 3.0mM ascorbate, were found for B. oleracea L. var. botrytis L. subvar. cauliflora D.C. (cauliflower).
British Journal of Surgery, 1976
The fusion between splenic tissue and the left gonad or the derivatives of the left mesonephros i... more The fusion between splenic tissue and the left gonad or the derivatives of the left mesonephros is a rare congenital anomaly first described in detail by Pommer in 1887/9 and divided into two forms by Putschar and Manion in 1956.In the first or continuous type a cord of splenic or fibrous tissue connects the spleen and the gonadal-mesonephric structures. In the second type the fused splenomesonephric structures have lost continuity with the main spleen.An example of the continuous form is presented and the previous reports are briefly reviewed.
Carcinogenesis, 1990
... David W.Denning1, Roger Allen, Andrew P.Wilkinson2 and Michael RAMorgan2 ... Br. J Cancer, 51... more ... David W.Denning1, Roger Allen, Andrew P.Wilkinson2 and Michael RAMorgan2 ... Br. J Cancer, 51, 713-726. 3. Bulatao-Jayme.J., Almero.EM, Castro,CA, Jardeleza.TR and Salamat.LA (1982) A case control dietary study of primary liver cancer risk from aflatoxin exposure. Int. ...
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 1993
The relationship between age and the outcome of ECT was prospectively studied in 78 patients with... more The relationship between age and the outcome of ECT was prospectively studied in 78 patients with DSM-III-R major depression with melancholia or psychosis. Sixty-eight patients were similarly evaluated for change in cognitive performance before and after treatment. Strongly positive correlations between increasing age, response to ECT and improved cognitive function were demonstrated and emphasize that ECT remains an important treatment for depression in old age, where the greatest benefits may be seen.
Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 2008
SUMMARYCysts in the periventricular region of the brain were demonstrated by ultrasound in eight ... more SUMMARYCysts in the periventricular region of the brain were demonstrated by ultrasound in eight of 102 preterm infants (birthweight <1501g or <34 weeks gestation) during a 14-month period. All eight babies survived, but developed serious neurological problems: five had spastic quadriplegia and three had spastic diplegia. Six had impaired vision and six had delayed speech development, but there was no evidence of impaired hearing. The cysts probably represent the infarcted lesions of periventricular leukomalacia.Cysts in the periventricular region of the brain were demonstrated by ultrasound in eight of 102 preterm infants (birthweight <1501g or <34 weeks gestation) during a 14-month period. All eight babies survived, but developed serious neurological problems: five had spastic quadriplegia and three had spastic diplegia. Six had impaired vision and six had delayed speech development, but there was no evidence of impaired hearing. The cysts probably represent the infarcted lesions of periventricular leukomalacia.RÉSUMÉApparition d'une Infirmité Motrice Cérébrate après détection échographique de kystes périventriculaires chez le nouveau-néLa présence de kystes dans la région périventriculaire du cerveau fut demontrée par échographie chez huit parmi 102 prématurés (poids de naissance inférieur à 1501g ou gestation de moins de 34 semaines) durant une période de 14 mois. Les huit nourrissons survécurent mais développèrent des troubles neurologiques graves: cinq d'entre eux présentèrent une quadriplégie spastique et trois, une diplégie spastique. Six présentèrent des troubles de vision et six un retard de langage mais il n'y eut pas d'indication de déficit auditif. Les kystes représentent probablement les lésions infarcies d'une leucomalacie périventriculaire.Apparition d'une Infirmité Motrice Cérébrate après détection échographique de kystes périventriculaires chez le nouveau-néLa présence de kystes dans la région périventriculaire du cerveau fut demontrée par échographie chez huit parmi 102 prématurés (poids de naissance inférieur à 1501g ou gestation de moins de 34 semaines) durant une période de 14 mois. Les huit nourrissons survécurent mais développèrent des troubles neurologiques graves: cinq d'entre eux présentèrent une quadriplégie spastique et trois, une diplégie spastique. Six présentèrent des troubles de vision et six un retard de langage mais il n'y eut pas d'indication de déficit auditif. Les kystes représentent probablement les lésions infarcies d'une leucomalacie périventriculaire.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEntwicklung einer Cerebralparese bei einem Neugeborenen mit ultrasonographisch nachgewiesenen periventrikulären CystenBei acht von 102 Frühgeborenen (Geburtsgewicht <1501g oder Gestation <34 Wochen) wurden in einem Zeitraum von 14 Monaten ultrasonographisch Cysten in der periventrikulären Hirnregion nachgewiesen. Alle acht Kinder überlebten, entwickelten aber schwere neurologische Probleme: fünf hatten eine spastische Tetraplegie und drei hatten eine spastische Diplegie. Sechs hatten eine eingeschränkte Sehkraft und sechs eine verzögerte Sprachentwicklung, aber man fand keinen Anhalt für Hörprobleme. Die Cysten stellen wahrscheinlich infarzierte Läsionen einer periventrikulären Leukomalazie dar.Entwicklung einer Cerebralparese bei einem Neugeborenen mit ultrasonographisch nachgewiesenen periventrikulären CystenBei acht von 102 Frühgeborenen (Geburtsgewicht <1501g oder Gestation <34 Wochen) wurden in einem Zeitraum von 14 Monaten ultrasonographisch Cysten in der periventrikulären Hirnregion nachgewiesen. Alle acht Kinder überlebten, entwickelten aber schwere neurologische Probleme: fünf hatten eine spastische Tetraplegie und drei hatten eine spastische Diplegie. Sechs hatten eine eingeschränkte Sehkraft und sechs eine verzögerte Sprachentwicklung, aber man fand keinen Anhalt für Hörprobleme. Die Cysten stellen wahrscheinlich infarzierte Läsionen einer periventrikulären Leukomalazie dar.RESUMENAparición de parálisis cerebral después de la detección ultrasonográflca de quisles periventriculares en el recién nacidoPor medio de los ultrasonidos se detectaron quistes en la región periventricular del cerebro en ocho de 102 lactantes pretermino (con peso de nacimiento < 1501 o <34 semanas de gestation) durante un periodo de 14 meses. Los ocho niños sobrevivieron pero desarrollaron problemas neurológicos graves: cuatro tenian diplejia espástica y cinco cuadriplejia espástica. Seis tenían alteracion visual y seis retraso en el desarrollo del habia: pero no habia evidencia de alteración auditiva. Probablemente los quistes representan lesiones de infarto de una leucomalacia periventricular.Aparición de parálisis cerebral después de la detección ultrasonográflca de quisles periventriculares en el recién nacidoPor medio de los ultrasonidos se detectaron quistes en la región periventricular del cerebro en ocho de 102 lactantes pretermino (con peso de nacimiento < 1501 o <34 semanas de gestation) durante un periodo de 14 meses. Los ocho niños sobrevivieron pero desarrollaron problemas neurológicos graves: cuatro tenian diplejia espástica y cinco cuadriplejia espástica. Seis tenían alteracion visual y seis retraso en el desarrollo del habia: pero no habia evidencia de alteración auditiva. Probablemente los quistes representan lesiones de infarto de una leucomalacia periventricular.
Educational Review, 1986
The experiment described examines the strategies adapted by a small number of adolescents in writ... more The experiment described examines the strategies adapted by a small number of adolescents in writing, first with a pen, and later with a word processor. The writings of individual children, of male, of female, and of mixed groups, are considered. The word processor is not found to be an essential pre‐requisite for revisions, but a facilitating device. The contention that word processors only encourage children to tinker with surface features is not borne out by the evidence.
British Journal of Educational Studies, 1965