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Papers by Anne Iserentant

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2011

A rhizospheric biotest, consisting of a thin layer of substratum in close contact with roots of L... more A rhizospheric biotest, consisting of a thin layer of substratum in close contact with roots of Lolium multiflorum, was used on two contrasting contaminated soils (Cabezo and Brunita) issued from a former mining area in La Union (Spain). On top of this biotest, soil characterisation, including CaCl2 selective extractions, was performed. Total heavy metal concentrations were the highest in the soil from Cabezo, but CaCl2 extractions indicated higher heavy metal mobilities in Brunita soil. On the base of heavy metal concentrations and biomass production in L. multiflorum seedlings, availability assessed by the rhizospheric biotest was higher than the values obtained from CaCl2 extraction, except for Mn and Pb. Rhizospheric biotest also revealed higher heavy metal bioavailability for Cabezo. The low pH of Brunita (3.47) could explain the high CaCl2-extractable heavy metal concentrations as well as the high transfer factor found for Cu, Mn and Zn in this substrate. Cu, Mn and Zn toxicities were also detected for shoot tissues. Transpiration rates were clearly lower for seedlings exposed to Brunita than for those exposed to Cabezo, while water use efficiency was higher for the former (4.8 mg DW ml−1) than for the latter (3.8 mg DW ml−1). Iron nutrition was found to interfere with heavy metal root absorption, mainly through negative interactions during root absorption. It is concluded that rhizospheric test offers the advantage to consider the root–soil interactions in a dynamic perspective and constitutes a useful tool for the assessment of heavy metal availability on contaminated soils. Heavy metal bioavailability assessment should not be based on only one measure alone, but on different and complementary approaches.

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2012

Zinc (Zn) sorption curves were established for 11 cultivated sandy soils from central Vietnam. So... more Zinc (Zn) sorption curves were established for 11 cultivated sandy soils from central Vietnam. Soil samples (10 g) were equilibrated with 5 mM calcium chloride (CaCl2) solutions (50 mL) at five zinc chloride (ZnCl2) concentrations (0 to 80 mg Zn L). The experimental sorption data were fitted with the Freundlich equation. The amounts of Zn sorbed by soil (QZn) at

Chemosphere, 2011

Phytoremediation is a promising and cost-effective strategy to manage heavy metal polluted sites.... more Phytoremediation is a promising and cost-effective strategy to manage heavy metal polluted sites. In this experiment, we compared simultaneously phytoextraction and phytostabilisation techniques on a Cd and Zn contaminated soil, through monitoring of plant accumulation and leaching. Lolium perenne plants were cultivated for 2 months under controlled environmental conditions in a 27.6 dm 3 -pot experiment allowing the collect of leachates. The heavy metal phytoextraction was promoted by adding Na-EDTA (0.5 g kg À1 of soil) in watering solution. Phytostabilisation was assessed by mixing soil with steel shots (1%) before L. perenne sowing. Presence of plants exacerbated heavy metal leaching, by improving soil hydraulic conductivity. Use of EDTA for phytoextraction led to higher concentration of heavy metal in shoots. However, this higher heavy metal extraction was insufficient to satisfactory reduce the heavy metal content in soil, and led to important heavy metal leaching induced by EDTA. On the other hand, addition of steel shots efficiently decreased both Cd and Zn mobility, according to 0.01 M CaCl 2 extraction, and leaching. However, improvement of growth conditions by steel shots led to higher heavy metal mass in shoot tissues. Therefore, soil heavy metal mobility and plant metal uptake are not systematically positively correlated.

Point-polluted industrial sites can be exposed to water erosion, leading to a dispersion of, e.g.... more Point-polluted industrial sites can be exposed to water erosion, leading to a dispersion of, e.g., heavy metal contaminated soil particles. Sowing vegetative buffer strips could limit this problem. We therefore investigated the influence of different vegetative filter strips on heavy metal retention, for runoff water loaded with two different polluted sediments. An experimental flume was built in order to simulate sediment retention by short vegetative buffer strips for different runoff discharges, slopes and sediment concentrations. At the lower bound of the flume, a 0.58 m wide x 1 m long x 0.1 m deep cage filled with soil could be inserted. Three treatments were considered: bare soil and soil sown with either Trifolium repens or Lolium perenne. The plants were allowed to grow for 2 months after germination. The setup allowed characterizing the water and sediment discharge at the outlet of the vegetative strips by means of a tipping bucket with splitter device. Heavy metal-polluted soils were collected at two industrial sites highly polluted with 1) arsenic and lead (Ath), and 2) cadmium and zinc (Prayon). We investigated the effects of the three different covers for these two sediment types (4 replications by treatment), with a slope of 8%, a discharge of 1.7 m3/h and a sediment concentration of 10g/l. Besides sediment mass, we determined heavy metal concentrations and particle size of the sediments collected both at the outlet of the flume and in the sediment deposits upstream of the strips. Following these experiments, size separation of the initial soils was performed, to analyze heavy metal concentrations of each size class. Finally, selective extractions (water, CaCl2 and EDTA) were performed, allowing estimation of heavy metal soluble fractions not retained by vegetative filter strips. Ath Prayon As [%] Pb [%] Cd [%] Zn [%] Lolium perenne 24.1 21.5 23.7 21.2 Trifolium repens 47.8 40.5 55 52.4 Bare soil 20.5 10.9 26.5 22.1 Concentrations [mg/kg] 800 40000 42 2400 Heavy metal retention by vegetative filter strips and mean concentrations [mg/kg] of soils. Heavy metal concentrations increased at the outlet of the flume because of selective sedimentation. Vegetative filter strips with Trifolium repens were the most effective to trap sediments and heavy metals. These strips slowed significantly the flow, leading to important sediment deposits upstream. Lolium perenne were not more efficient than bare soil, because of its erected posture and its low number of tillers after 2 months.

Journal of Environment Quality, 2005

this process, the micaceous 1.0-nm layer silicates are weathered into vermiculitic 1.4-nm layers ... more this process, the micaceous 1.0-nm layer silicates are weathered into vermiculitic 1.4-nm layers (Hinsinger Potassium depletion in the soil solution around plant roots pro- . This transformation may strongly motes the root uptake of radiocesium. However, it can also induce the transformation of mica through the release of interlayer K. In bulk reduce the mobility and bioavailability of radiocesium soil, the formation of frayed edge sites (FES) with a high selectivity for because trace Cs is fixed specifically on the vermiculitic Cs adsorption is usually related with mica weathering. We studied frayed edge sites (FES) of weathered mica (Cremers et the effect of K level in the nutrient solution on the root-induced Maes et al., 1998. weathering of phlogopite as well as on the root uptake of radiocesium Reduction of trace Cs mobility was indeed linked to by willow (Salix viminalis L. var. Orm). The willows were grown root activity (Guivarch et al., 1999). Potassium depletion for 7 wk in column lysimeters filled with a quartz-phlogopite mixed in the rhizosphere can thus involve two opposing effects: substrate continuously irrigated with nutrient solutions differing in (i) enhancement of root uptake of radiocesium and (ii) K concentration (0-2 mM). From a potassium supply of 0.4 mM downspecific retention of trace Cs on FES generated by mica ward, we observed a decrease in root uptake of potassium as well as weathering, hence a reduction of radiocesium mobility. an increase in (i) potassium release from phlogopite, (ii) degree of transformation of phlogopite into vermiculite, and (iii) root uptake

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2011

A rhizospheric biotest, consisting of a thin layer of substratum in close contact with roots of L... more A rhizospheric biotest, consisting of a thin layer of substratum in close contact with roots of Lolium multiflorum, was used on two contrasting contaminated soils (Cabezo and Brunita) issued from a former mining area in La Union (Spain). On top of this biotest, soil characterisation, including CaCl2 selective extractions, was performed. Total heavy metal concentrations were the highest in the soil from Cabezo, but CaCl2 extractions indicated higher heavy metal mobilities in Brunita soil. On the base of heavy metal concentrations and biomass production in L. multiflorum seedlings, availability assessed by the rhizospheric biotest was higher than the values obtained from CaCl2 extraction, except for Mn and Pb. Rhizospheric biotest also revealed higher heavy metal bioavailability for Cabezo. The low pH of Brunita (3.47) could explain the high CaCl2-extractable heavy metal concentrations as well as the high transfer factor found for Cu, Mn and Zn in this substrate. Cu, Mn and Zn toxicities were also detected for shoot tissues. Transpiration rates were clearly lower for seedlings exposed to Brunita than for those exposed to Cabezo, while water use efficiency was higher for the former (4.8 mg DW ml−1) than for the latter (3.8 mg DW ml−1). Iron nutrition was found to interfere with heavy metal root absorption, mainly through negative interactions during root absorption. It is concluded that rhizospheric test offers the advantage to consider the root–soil interactions in a dynamic perspective and constitutes a useful tool for the assessment of heavy metal availability on contaminated soils. Heavy metal bioavailability assessment should not be based on only one measure alone, but on different and complementary approaches.

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2012

Zinc (Zn) sorption curves were established for 11 cultivated sandy soils from central Vietnam. So... more Zinc (Zn) sorption curves were established for 11 cultivated sandy soils from central Vietnam. Soil samples (10 g) were equilibrated with 5 mM calcium chloride (CaCl2) solutions (50 mL) at five zinc chloride (ZnCl2) concentrations (0 to 80 mg Zn L). The experimental sorption data were fitted with the Freundlich equation. The amounts of Zn sorbed by soil (QZn) at

Chemosphere, 2011

Phytoremediation is a promising and cost-effective strategy to manage heavy metal polluted sites.... more Phytoremediation is a promising and cost-effective strategy to manage heavy metal polluted sites. In this experiment, we compared simultaneously phytoextraction and phytostabilisation techniques on a Cd and Zn contaminated soil, through monitoring of plant accumulation and leaching. Lolium perenne plants were cultivated for 2 months under controlled environmental conditions in a 27.6 dm 3 -pot experiment allowing the collect of leachates. The heavy metal phytoextraction was promoted by adding Na-EDTA (0.5 g kg À1 of soil) in watering solution. Phytostabilisation was assessed by mixing soil with steel shots (1%) before L. perenne sowing. Presence of plants exacerbated heavy metal leaching, by improving soil hydraulic conductivity. Use of EDTA for phytoextraction led to higher concentration of heavy metal in shoots. However, this higher heavy metal extraction was insufficient to satisfactory reduce the heavy metal content in soil, and led to important heavy metal leaching induced by EDTA. On the other hand, addition of steel shots efficiently decreased both Cd and Zn mobility, according to 0.01 M CaCl 2 extraction, and leaching. However, improvement of growth conditions by steel shots led to higher heavy metal mass in shoot tissues. Therefore, soil heavy metal mobility and plant metal uptake are not systematically positively correlated.

Point-polluted industrial sites can be exposed to water erosion, leading to a dispersion of, e.g.... more Point-polluted industrial sites can be exposed to water erosion, leading to a dispersion of, e.g., heavy metal contaminated soil particles. Sowing vegetative buffer strips could limit this problem. We therefore investigated the influence of different vegetative filter strips on heavy metal retention, for runoff water loaded with two different polluted sediments. An experimental flume was built in order to simulate sediment retention by short vegetative buffer strips for different runoff discharges, slopes and sediment concentrations. At the lower bound of the flume, a 0.58 m wide x 1 m long x 0.1 m deep cage filled with soil could be inserted. Three treatments were considered: bare soil and soil sown with either Trifolium repens or Lolium perenne. The plants were allowed to grow for 2 months after germination. The setup allowed characterizing the water and sediment discharge at the outlet of the vegetative strips by means of a tipping bucket with splitter device. Heavy metal-polluted soils were collected at two industrial sites highly polluted with 1) arsenic and lead (Ath), and 2) cadmium and zinc (Prayon). We investigated the effects of the three different covers for these two sediment types (4 replications by treatment), with a slope of 8%, a discharge of 1.7 m3/h and a sediment concentration of 10g/l. Besides sediment mass, we determined heavy metal concentrations and particle size of the sediments collected both at the outlet of the flume and in the sediment deposits upstream of the strips. Following these experiments, size separation of the initial soils was performed, to analyze heavy metal concentrations of each size class. Finally, selective extractions (water, CaCl2 and EDTA) were performed, allowing estimation of heavy metal soluble fractions not retained by vegetative filter strips. Ath Prayon As [%] Pb [%] Cd [%] Zn [%] Lolium perenne 24.1 21.5 23.7 21.2 Trifolium repens 47.8 40.5 55 52.4 Bare soil 20.5 10.9 26.5 22.1 Concentrations [mg/kg] 800 40000 42 2400 Heavy metal retention by vegetative filter strips and mean concentrations [mg/kg] of soils. Heavy metal concentrations increased at the outlet of the flume because of selective sedimentation. Vegetative filter strips with Trifolium repens were the most effective to trap sediments and heavy metals. These strips slowed significantly the flow, leading to important sediment deposits upstream. Lolium perenne were not more efficient than bare soil, because of its erected posture and its low number of tillers after 2 months.

Journal of Environment Quality, 2005

this process, the micaceous 1.0-nm layer silicates are weathered into vermiculitic 1.4-nm layers ... more this process, the micaceous 1.0-nm layer silicates are weathered into vermiculitic 1.4-nm layers (Hinsinger Potassium depletion in the soil solution around plant roots pro- . This transformation may strongly motes the root uptake of radiocesium. However, it can also induce the transformation of mica through the release of interlayer K. In bulk reduce the mobility and bioavailability of radiocesium soil, the formation of frayed edge sites (FES) with a high selectivity for because trace Cs is fixed specifically on the vermiculitic Cs adsorption is usually related with mica weathering. We studied frayed edge sites (FES) of weathered mica (Cremers et the effect of K level in the nutrient solution on the root-induced Maes et al., 1998. weathering of phlogopite as well as on the root uptake of radiocesium Reduction of trace Cs mobility was indeed linked to by willow (Salix viminalis L. var. Orm). The willows were grown root activity (Guivarch et al., 1999). Potassium depletion for 7 wk in column lysimeters filled with a quartz-phlogopite mixed in the rhizosphere can thus involve two opposing effects: substrate continuously irrigated with nutrient solutions differing in (i) enhancement of root uptake of radiocesium and (ii) K concentration (0-2 mM). From a potassium supply of 0.4 mM downspecific retention of trace Cs on FES generated by mica ward, we observed a decrease in root uptake of potassium as well as weathering, hence a reduction of radiocesium mobility. an increase in (i) potassium release from phlogopite, (ii) degree of transformation of phlogopite into vermiculite, and (iii) root uptake