Annette Otto - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Annette Otto

Research paper thumbnail of Saving, Selling, Earning, and Negotiating: How Adolescents Acquire Monetary Lump Sums and Who Considers Saving

Journal of Consumer Affairs, Jun 17, 2015

This study examines the importance of saving during adolescence as one way of obtaining larger su... more This study examines the importance of saving during adolescence as one way of obtaining larger sums of money, and investigates differences between adolescents who choose to save and those who do not. To this end, the strategies "saving," "negotiating," "selling," and "earning" are taken into account in designing a questionnaire. Two measures of saving behaviors are used: "general tendency to save" and "saving by adjusting expenditure" when faced with an income constraint. The sample consists of 470 British school students from age 11 to 18. Results show that up to age 15, the strategies "saving" and "negotiating" are equally important and more important than "selling" or "earning." When 15 or older, adolescents prefer "saving" above "negotiating." Regression analyses reveal that adolescents who favor "saving" when confronted with a short-term income constraint report a general tendency to save. Findings demonstrate the importance of developing positive financial habits early in life.

Research paper thumbnail of Children’s use of saving strategies: An experimental approach

Journal of Economic Psychology, Feb 1, 2006

... Banks and piggy banks have important features in common (Webley, Burgoyne, Lea, & Young, ... more ... Banks and piggy banks have important features in common (Webley, Burgoyne, Lea, & Young, 2001). ... On the other hand, in previous studies, six-year-olds made frequent and indiscriminate use of the banks, but they did not in this study. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Auditory Distraction by Meaningless Irrelevant Speech: A Developmental Study

Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2014

Irrelevant sounds can be very distracting, especially when trying to recall information according... more Irrelevant sounds can be very distracting, especially when trying to recall information according to its serial order. The irrelevant sound effect (ISE) has been studied in the literature for more than 40 years, yet many questions remain. One goal that has received little attention involves the discernment of a predictive factor, or individual difference characteristic, that would help to determine the size of the ISE. The current experiments were designed to replicate and extend prior work by Macken, Phelps, and Jones (Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 16, 139-144, 2009), who demonstrated a significant predictive relationship between the size of the ISE and a type of auditory processing called global pattern matching. The authors also found a relationship between auditory processing involving deliberate recoding of sounds and serial order recall performance in silence. Across two experiments, this dissociation was not replicated. Additionally, the two types of auditory processing were not significantly correlated with each other. The lack of a clear pattern of findings replicating the Macken et al. (Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 16, 139-144, 2009) study raises several questions regarding the need for future research on the characteristics of these auditory processing tasks, and the stability of the measurement of the ISE itself.

Research paper thumbnail of Age differences in the irrelevant sound effect: A serial recognition paradigm

Psihologija, 2015

In adults, the disrupting effect of irrelevant background sounds with distinct temporalspectral v... more In adults, the disrupting effect of irrelevant background sounds with distinct temporalspectral variations (changing-state sounds) on short-term memory performance was found to be robust. In the present study, a verbal serial recognition task was used to investigate this so-called Irrelevant Sound Effect (ISE) in adults and 8- to 10-year-old children. An essential part of the short-term memory impairment during changing-state speech is due to interference processes (changing-state effect) which can be differentiated from the deviation effect of auditory distraction. In line with recent findings (Hughes et al., 2013), our study demonstrates that the changing-state effect is not modulated by task difficulty. Moreover, our results show that the changing-state effect remains stable for children and adults. This suggests that the differences in the magnitude of the ISE as reported by Elliott (2002) and Klatte et al. (2010) are most likely related to the increase in attentional control du...

Research paper thumbnail of The Economic Psychology of Adolescent Saving

Research paper thumbnail of Economic Socialization: Childhood, Adolescence, and Early Adulthood

Research paper thumbnail of The Economic Psychology of Adolescent Saving

Research paper thumbnail of Saving in childhood and adolescence: Insights from developmental psychology

Economics of Education Review, 2013

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Auditory distraction by meaningless irrelevant speech: a developmental study

Research paper thumbnail of Saving, Selling, Earning, and Negotiating: How Adolescents Acquire Monetary Lump Sums and Who Considers Saving

Journal of Consumer Affairs, 2015

This study examines the importance of saving during adolescence as one way of obtaining larger su... more This study examines the importance of saving during adolescence as one way of obtaining larger sums of money, and investigates differences between adolescents who choose to save and those who do not. To this end, the strategies "saving," "negotiating," "selling," and "earning" are taken into account in designing a questionnaire. Two measures of saving behaviors are used: "general tendency to save" and "saving by adjusting expenditure" when faced with an income constraint. The sample consists of 470 British school students from age 11 to 18. Results show that up to age 15, the strategies "saving" and "negotiating" are equally important and more important than "selling" or "earning." When 15 or older, adolescents prefer "saving" above "negotiating." Regression analyses reveal that adolescents who favor "saving" when confronted with a short-term income constraint report a general tendency to save. Findings demonstrate the importance of developing positive financial habits early in life.

Research paper thumbnail of Auditory Distraction by Meaningless Irrelevant Speech: A Developmental Study

Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2014

ABSTRACT The irrelevant sound effect (ISE) typically refers to a disruptive effect of a to-be-ign... more ABSTRACT The irrelevant sound effect (ISE) typically refers to a disruptive effect of a to-be-ignored sound in serial recall tasks, where lists of visually presented items (digits and letters) must be recalled in serial order. Although extensively studied in adults, studies on developmental aspects of the ISE are scarce. The present study aims to increase our understanding of developmental changes of auditory distraction in children beyond serial recall. Two tasks (i.e., word categorization and evaluation of simple mathematical equations) were designed to test retrieval from semantic memory. Proportion correct and reaction times (adjusted for speed–accuracy tradeoff) were measured in 8–9 and 12–13-year-olds. Results revealed a developmental change in the susceptibility to auditory distraction. Whereas older children were not affected by background sounds, younger children showed impairment in both proportion correct and adjusted reaction times. Overall, results suggest that attention distraction and immature attention control mechanisms contribute to ISEs in young children. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Research paper thumbnail of Children’s use of saving strategies: An experimental approach

Journal of Economic Psychology, 2006

... Banks and piggy banks have important features in common (Webley, Burgoyne, Lea, & Young, ... more ... Banks and piggy banks have important features in common (Webley, Burgoyne, Lea, & Young, 2001). ... On the other hand, in previous studies, six-year-olds made frequent and indiscriminate use of the banks, but they did not in this study. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Age differences in the Irrelevant Sound Effect: A Serial Recognition Paradigm

Psihologija, 2015

In adults, the disrupting effect of irrelevant background sounds with distinct temporalspectral v... more In adults, the disrupting effect of irrelevant background sounds with distinct temporalspectral variations (changing-state sounds) on short-term memory performance was found to be robust. In the present study, a verbal serial recognition task was used to investigate this so-called Irrelevant Sound Effect (ISE) in adults and 8-to 10-year-old children. An essential part of the short-term memory impairment during changing-state speech is due to interference processes (changing-state effect) which can be differentiated from the deviation effect of auditory distraction. In line with recent findings , our study demonstrates that the changing-state effect is not modulated by task difficulty. Moreover, our results show that the changing-state effect remains stable for children and adults. This suggests that the differences in the magnitude of the ISE as reported by Elliott and are most likely related to the increase in attentional control during childhood.

Research paper thumbnail of Saving, Selling, Earning, and Negotiating: How Adolescents Acquire Monetary Lump Sums and Who Considers Saving

Journal of Consumer Affairs, Jun 17, 2015

This study examines the importance of saving during adolescence as one way of obtaining larger su... more This study examines the importance of saving during adolescence as one way of obtaining larger sums of money, and investigates differences between adolescents who choose to save and those who do not. To this end, the strategies "saving," "negotiating," "selling," and "earning" are taken into account in designing a questionnaire. Two measures of saving behaviors are used: "general tendency to save" and "saving by adjusting expenditure" when faced with an income constraint. The sample consists of 470 British school students from age 11 to 18. Results show that up to age 15, the strategies "saving" and "negotiating" are equally important and more important than "selling" or "earning." When 15 or older, adolescents prefer "saving" above "negotiating." Regression analyses reveal that adolescents who favor "saving" when confronted with a short-term income constraint report a general tendency to save. Findings demonstrate the importance of developing positive financial habits early in life.

Research paper thumbnail of Children’s use of saving strategies: An experimental approach

Journal of Economic Psychology, Feb 1, 2006

... Banks and piggy banks have important features in common (Webley, Burgoyne, Lea, & Young, ... more ... Banks and piggy banks have important features in common (Webley, Burgoyne, Lea, & Young, 2001). ... On the other hand, in previous studies, six-year-olds made frequent and indiscriminate use of the banks, but they did not in this study. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Auditory Distraction by Meaningless Irrelevant Speech: A Developmental Study

Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2014

Irrelevant sounds can be very distracting, especially when trying to recall information according... more Irrelevant sounds can be very distracting, especially when trying to recall information according to its serial order. The irrelevant sound effect (ISE) has been studied in the literature for more than 40 years, yet many questions remain. One goal that has received little attention involves the discernment of a predictive factor, or individual difference characteristic, that would help to determine the size of the ISE. The current experiments were designed to replicate and extend prior work by Macken, Phelps, and Jones (Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 16, 139-144, 2009), who demonstrated a significant predictive relationship between the size of the ISE and a type of auditory processing called global pattern matching. The authors also found a relationship between auditory processing involving deliberate recoding of sounds and serial order recall performance in silence. Across two experiments, this dissociation was not replicated. Additionally, the two types of auditory processing were not significantly correlated with each other. The lack of a clear pattern of findings replicating the Macken et al. (Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 16, 139-144, 2009) study raises several questions regarding the need for future research on the characteristics of these auditory processing tasks, and the stability of the measurement of the ISE itself.

Research paper thumbnail of Age differences in the irrelevant sound effect: A serial recognition paradigm

Psihologija, 2015

In adults, the disrupting effect of irrelevant background sounds with distinct temporalspectral v... more In adults, the disrupting effect of irrelevant background sounds with distinct temporalspectral variations (changing-state sounds) on short-term memory performance was found to be robust. In the present study, a verbal serial recognition task was used to investigate this so-called Irrelevant Sound Effect (ISE) in adults and 8- to 10-year-old children. An essential part of the short-term memory impairment during changing-state speech is due to interference processes (changing-state effect) which can be differentiated from the deviation effect of auditory distraction. In line with recent findings (Hughes et al., 2013), our study demonstrates that the changing-state effect is not modulated by task difficulty. Moreover, our results show that the changing-state effect remains stable for children and adults. This suggests that the differences in the magnitude of the ISE as reported by Elliott (2002) and Klatte et al. (2010) are most likely related to the increase in attentional control du...

Research paper thumbnail of The Economic Psychology of Adolescent Saving

Research paper thumbnail of Economic Socialization: Childhood, Adolescence, and Early Adulthood

Research paper thumbnail of The Economic Psychology of Adolescent Saving

Research paper thumbnail of Saving in childhood and adolescence: Insights from developmental psychology

Economics of Education Review, 2013

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Auditory distraction by meaningless irrelevant speech: a developmental study

Research paper thumbnail of Saving, Selling, Earning, and Negotiating: How Adolescents Acquire Monetary Lump Sums and Who Considers Saving

Journal of Consumer Affairs, 2015

This study examines the importance of saving during adolescence as one way of obtaining larger su... more This study examines the importance of saving during adolescence as one way of obtaining larger sums of money, and investigates differences between adolescents who choose to save and those who do not. To this end, the strategies "saving," "negotiating," "selling," and "earning" are taken into account in designing a questionnaire. Two measures of saving behaviors are used: "general tendency to save" and "saving by adjusting expenditure" when faced with an income constraint. The sample consists of 470 British school students from age 11 to 18. Results show that up to age 15, the strategies "saving" and "negotiating" are equally important and more important than "selling" or "earning." When 15 or older, adolescents prefer "saving" above "negotiating." Regression analyses reveal that adolescents who favor "saving" when confronted with a short-term income constraint report a general tendency to save. Findings demonstrate the importance of developing positive financial habits early in life.

Research paper thumbnail of Auditory Distraction by Meaningless Irrelevant Speech: A Developmental Study

Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2014

ABSTRACT The irrelevant sound effect (ISE) typically refers to a disruptive effect of a to-be-ign... more ABSTRACT The irrelevant sound effect (ISE) typically refers to a disruptive effect of a to-be-ignored sound in serial recall tasks, where lists of visually presented items (digits and letters) must be recalled in serial order. Although extensively studied in adults, studies on developmental aspects of the ISE are scarce. The present study aims to increase our understanding of developmental changes of auditory distraction in children beyond serial recall. Two tasks (i.e., word categorization and evaluation of simple mathematical equations) were designed to test retrieval from semantic memory. Proportion correct and reaction times (adjusted for speed–accuracy tradeoff) were measured in 8–9 and 12–13-year-olds. Results revealed a developmental change in the susceptibility to auditory distraction. Whereas older children were not affected by background sounds, younger children showed impairment in both proportion correct and adjusted reaction times. Overall, results suggest that attention distraction and immature attention control mechanisms contribute to ISEs in young children. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Research paper thumbnail of Children’s use of saving strategies: An experimental approach

Journal of Economic Psychology, 2006

... Banks and piggy banks have important features in common (Webley, Burgoyne, Lea, & Young, ... more ... Banks and piggy banks have important features in common (Webley, Burgoyne, Lea, & Young, 2001). ... On the other hand, in previous studies, six-year-olds made frequent and indiscriminate use of the banks, but they did not in this study. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Age differences in the Irrelevant Sound Effect: A Serial Recognition Paradigm

Psihologija, 2015

In adults, the disrupting effect of irrelevant background sounds with distinct temporalspectral v... more In adults, the disrupting effect of irrelevant background sounds with distinct temporalspectral variations (changing-state sounds) on short-term memory performance was found to be robust. In the present study, a verbal serial recognition task was used to investigate this so-called Irrelevant Sound Effect (ISE) in adults and 8-to 10-year-old children. An essential part of the short-term memory impairment during changing-state speech is due to interference processes (changing-state effect) which can be differentiated from the deviation effect of auditory distraction. In line with recent findings , our study demonstrates that the changing-state effect is not modulated by task difficulty. Moreover, our results show that the changing-state effect remains stable for children and adults. This suggests that the differences in the magnitude of the ISE as reported by Elliott and are most likely related to the increase in attentional control during childhood.