Annette Parks - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Annette Parks
The Biological Bulletin, Aug 1, 1989
Abstract. Development in the Australian sea urchin Phyllacanthusparvispinus (Echinoidea: Cidaroid... more Abstract. Development in the Australian sea urchin Phyllacanthusparvispinus (Echinoidea: Cidaroidea) isof interest because it has a highly modified, lecithotrophic larva, and because it belongs to an echinoid group whose development has been little studied. This study docu ...
Fly, 2010
The Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center (BDSC) is a primary source of Drosophila stocks for resea... more The Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center (BDSC) is a primary source of Drosophila stocks for researchers all over the world. It houses over 27,000 unique fly lines and distributed over 160,000 samples of these stocks this past year. This report provides a brief overview of significant recent events at the BDSC with a focus on new stock sets acquired in the past year, including stocks for phiC31 transformation, RNAi knockdown of gene expression, and SNP and quantitative trait loci discovery. We also describe additions to sets of insertions and molecularly defined chromosomal deficiencies, the creation of a new Deficiency Kit, and planned additions of X chromosome duplication sets.
Biological Bulletin, 1989
Abstract. Development in the Australian sea urchin Phyllacanthusparvispinus (Echinoidea: Cidaroid... more Abstract. Development in the Australian sea urchin Phyllacanthusparvispinus (Echinoidea: Cidaroidea) isof interest because it has a highly modified, lecithotrophic larva, and because it belongs to an echinoid group whose development has been little studied. This study docu ...
Trends in Genetics, 2007
Presenilin, the catalytic member of the gamma-secretase proteolytic complex, was discovered throu... more Presenilin, the catalytic member of the gamma-secretase proteolytic complex, was discovered through its roles in generating Alzheimer's-disease-associated amyloid-beta peptides from the amyloid-beta precursor protein and in releasing the transcriptionally active domain of the receptor Notch. Recent work has revealed many additional cleavage substrates and interacting proteins, suggesting a diversity of roles for presenilin during development and adult life, some of which might contribute to Alzheimer's disease progression. Although many of these functions depend on the proteolytic activity of gamma-secretase, others are independent of its role as a protease. Here, we review recent data on candidate functions for presenilin and its interactors and on their potential significance in disease.
Nature Genetics, 2004
In fruit fly research, chromosomal deletions are indispensable tools for mapping mutations, chara... more In fruit fly research, chromosomal deletions are indispensable tools for mapping mutations, characterizing alleles and identifying interacting loci. Most widely used deletions were generated by irradiation or chemical mutagenesis. These methods are labor-intensive, generate random breakpoints and result in unwanted secondary mutations that can confound phenotypic analyses. Most of the existing deletions are large, have molecularly undefined endpoints and are maintained in genetically complex stocks. Furthermore, the existence of haplolethal or haplosterile loci makes the recovery of deletions of certain regions exceedingly difficult by traditional methods, resulting in gaps in coverage. Here we describe two methods that address these problems by providing for the systematic isolation of targeted deletions in the D. melanogaster genome. The first strategy used a P element-based technique to generate deletions that closely flank haploinsufficient genes and minimize undeleted regions. This deletion set has increased overall genomic coverage by 5-7%. The second strategy used FLP recombinase and the large array of FRT-bearing insertions described in the accompanying paper 1 to generate 519 isogenic deletions with molecularly defined endpoints. This second deletion collection provides 56% genome coverage so far. The latter methodology enables the generation of small custom deletions with predictable endpoints throughout the genome and should make their isolation a simple and routine task.
Genetics, 2005
Mutations that inactivate the retinoblastoma (Rb) pathway are common in human tumors. Such mutati... more Mutations that inactivate the retinoblastoma (Rb) pathway are common in human tumors. Such mutations promote tumor growth by deregulating the G1 cell cycle checkpoint. However, uncontrolled cell cycle progression can also produce new liabilities for cell survival. To uncover such liabilities in Rb mutant cells, we performed a clonal screen in the Drosophila eye to identify second-site mutations that eliminate Rbf Ϫ cells, but allow Rbf ϩ cells to survive. Here we report the identification of a mutation in a novel highly conserved peptidyl prolyl isomerase (PPIase) that selectively eliminates Rbf Ϫ cells from the Drosophila eye.
Development, 1987
In this report, we use a monoclonal antibody (B2C2) and antibodies against a fusion protein (Leaf... more In this report, we use a monoclonal antibody (B2C2) and antibodies against a fusion protein (Leaf et al. 1987) to characterize msp130, a cell surface protein specific to the primary mesenchyme cells of the sea urchin embryo. This protein first appears on the surface of these cells upon ingression into the blastocoel. Immunoelectronmicroscopy shows that msp130 is present in the trans side of the Golgi apparatus and on the extracellular surface of primary mesenchyme cells. Four precursor proteins to msp130 are identified and we show that B2C2 recognizes only the mature form of msp130. We demonstrate that msp130 contains N-linked carbohydrate groups and that the B2C2 epitope is sensitive to endoglycosidase F digestion. Evidence that msp130 is apparently a sulphated glycoprotein is presented. The recognition of the B2C2 epitope of msp130 is disrupted when embryos are cultured in sulphate-free sea water. In addition, two-dimensional immunoblots show that msp130 is an acidic protein that becomes substantially less acidic in the absence of sulphate. We also show that two other independently derived monoclonal antibodies, IG8 (McClay et al. 1983; McClay, Matranga & Wessel, 1985) and 1223 (Carson et al. 1985), recognize msp130, and suggest this protein to be a major cell surface antigen of primary mesenchyme cells.
Genetics, Jan 28, 2015
To facilitate large scale functional studies in Drosophila, the Drosophila Transgenic RNAi Projec... more To facilitate large scale functional studies in Drosophila, the Drosophila Transgenic RNAi Project (TRiP) at Harvard Medical School (HMS) was established along with several goals: developing efficient vectors for RNAi that work in all tissues, generating a genome scale collection of RNAi stocks with input from the community, distributing the lines as they are generated through existing stock centers, validating as many lines as possible using RT-qPCR and phenotypic analyses, and developing tools and web resources for identifying RNAi lines and retrieving existing information on their quality. With these goals in mind, here we describe in detail the various tools we developed and the status of the collection, which is currently comprised of 11,491 lines and covering 71% of Drosophila genes. Data on the characterization of the lines either by RT-qPCR or phenotype is available on a dedicated web site, the RNAi Stock Validation and Phenotypes Project (RSVP; www.flyrnai.org/RSVP.html), a...
Science (New York, N.Y.), Jan 30, 2015
Multiple strategies are needed to ensure safe gene drive experiments.
The Biological Bulletin, Aug 1, 1989
Abstract. Development in the Australian sea urchin Phyllacanthusparvispinus (Echinoidea: Cidaroid... more Abstract. Development in the Australian sea urchin Phyllacanthusparvispinus (Echinoidea: Cidaroidea) isof interest because it has a highly modified, lecithotrophic larva, and because it belongs to an echinoid group whose development has been little studied. This study docu ...
Fly, 2010
The Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center (BDSC) is a primary source of Drosophila stocks for resea... more The Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center (BDSC) is a primary source of Drosophila stocks for researchers all over the world. It houses over 27,000 unique fly lines and distributed over 160,000 samples of these stocks this past year. This report provides a brief overview of significant recent events at the BDSC with a focus on new stock sets acquired in the past year, including stocks for phiC31 transformation, RNAi knockdown of gene expression, and SNP and quantitative trait loci discovery. We also describe additions to sets of insertions and molecularly defined chromosomal deficiencies, the creation of a new Deficiency Kit, and planned additions of X chromosome duplication sets.
Biological Bulletin, 1989
Abstract. Development in the Australian sea urchin Phyllacanthusparvispinus (Echinoidea: Cidaroid... more Abstract. Development in the Australian sea urchin Phyllacanthusparvispinus (Echinoidea: Cidaroidea) isof interest because it has a highly modified, lecithotrophic larva, and because it belongs to an echinoid group whose development has been little studied. This study docu ...
Trends in Genetics, 2007
Presenilin, the catalytic member of the gamma-secretase proteolytic complex, was discovered throu... more Presenilin, the catalytic member of the gamma-secretase proteolytic complex, was discovered through its roles in generating Alzheimer's-disease-associated amyloid-beta peptides from the amyloid-beta precursor protein and in releasing the transcriptionally active domain of the receptor Notch. Recent work has revealed many additional cleavage substrates and interacting proteins, suggesting a diversity of roles for presenilin during development and adult life, some of which might contribute to Alzheimer's disease progression. Although many of these functions depend on the proteolytic activity of gamma-secretase, others are independent of its role as a protease. Here, we review recent data on candidate functions for presenilin and its interactors and on their potential significance in disease.
Nature Genetics, 2004
In fruit fly research, chromosomal deletions are indispensable tools for mapping mutations, chara... more In fruit fly research, chromosomal deletions are indispensable tools for mapping mutations, characterizing alleles and identifying interacting loci. Most widely used deletions were generated by irradiation or chemical mutagenesis. These methods are labor-intensive, generate random breakpoints and result in unwanted secondary mutations that can confound phenotypic analyses. Most of the existing deletions are large, have molecularly undefined endpoints and are maintained in genetically complex stocks. Furthermore, the existence of haplolethal or haplosterile loci makes the recovery of deletions of certain regions exceedingly difficult by traditional methods, resulting in gaps in coverage. Here we describe two methods that address these problems by providing for the systematic isolation of targeted deletions in the D. melanogaster genome. The first strategy used a P element-based technique to generate deletions that closely flank haploinsufficient genes and minimize undeleted regions. This deletion set has increased overall genomic coverage by 5-7%. The second strategy used FLP recombinase and the large array of FRT-bearing insertions described in the accompanying paper 1 to generate 519 isogenic deletions with molecularly defined endpoints. This second deletion collection provides 56% genome coverage so far. The latter methodology enables the generation of small custom deletions with predictable endpoints throughout the genome and should make their isolation a simple and routine task.
Genetics, 2005
Mutations that inactivate the retinoblastoma (Rb) pathway are common in human tumors. Such mutati... more Mutations that inactivate the retinoblastoma (Rb) pathway are common in human tumors. Such mutations promote tumor growth by deregulating the G1 cell cycle checkpoint. However, uncontrolled cell cycle progression can also produce new liabilities for cell survival. To uncover such liabilities in Rb mutant cells, we performed a clonal screen in the Drosophila eye to identify second-site mutations that eliminate Rbf Ϫ cells, but allow Rbf ϩ cells to survive. Here we report the identification of a mutation in a novel highly conserved peptidyl prolyl isomerase (PPIase) that selectively eliminates Rbf Ϫ cells from the Drosophila eye.
Development, 1987
In this report, we use a monoclonal antibody (B2C2) and antibodies against a fusion protein (Leaf... more In this report, we use a monoclonal antibody (B2C2) and antibodies against a fusion protein (Leaf et al. 1987) to characterize msp130, a cell surface protein specific to the primary mesenchyme cells of the sea urchin embryo. This protein first appears on the surface of these cells upon ingression into the blastocoel. Immunoelectronmicroscopy shows that msp130 is present in the trans side of the Golgi apparatus and on the extracellular surface of primary mesenchyme cells. Four precursor proteins to msp130 are identified and we show that B2C2 recognizes only the mature form of msp130. We demonstrate that msp130 contains N-linked carbohydrate groups and that the B2C2 epitope is sensitive to endoglycosidase F digestion. Evidence that msp130 is apparently a sulphated glycoprotein is presented. The recognition of the B2C2 epitope of msp130 is disrupted when embryos are cultured in sulphate-free sea water. In addition, two-dimensional immunoblots show that msp130 is an acidic protein that becomes substantially less acidic in the absence of sulphate. We also show that two other independently derived monoclonal antibodies, IG8 (McClay et al. 1983; McClay, Matranga & Wessel, 1985) and 1223 (Carson et al. 1985), recognize msp130, and suggest this protein to be a major cell surface antigen of primary mesenchyme cells.
Genetics, Jan 28, 2015
To facilitate large scale functional studies in Drosophila, the Drosophila Transgenic RNAi Projec... more To facilitate large scale functional studies in Drosophila, the Drosophila Transgenic RNAi Project (TRiP) at Harvard Medical School (HMS) was established along with several goals: developing efficient vectors for RNAi that work in all tissues, generating a genome scale collection of RNAi stocks with input from the community, distributing the lines as they are generated through existing stock centers, validating as many lines as possible using RT-qPCR and phenotypic analyses, and developing tools and web resources for identifying RNAi lines and retrieving existing information on their quality. With these goals in mind, here we describe in detail the various tools we developed and the status of the collection, which is currently comprised of 11,491 lines and covering 71% of Drosophila genes. Data on the characterization of the lines either by RT-qPCR or phenotype is available on a dedicated web site, the RNAi Stock Validation and Phenotypes Project (RSVP; www.flyrnai.org/RSVP.html), a...
Science (New York, N.Y.), Jan 30, 2015
Multiple strategies are needed to ensure safe gene drive experiments.