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Papers by Annie Abraham

Trends in biomaterials & artificial organs, 2020

Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers, 2020

Despite advances in wound treatment, wound-associated infections and delayed healing still remain... more Despite advances in wound treatment, wound-associated infections and delayed healing still remains an ‘unmet clinical need’. The present treatment modalities include topical application of ointments and perhaps it may better be substituted by phytochemical incorporated nanofibers which increases wound-healing efficiency and reduce risk of infections. Hence, the aim of this study was to synthesise Areca catechu–incorporated polycaprolactone scaffolds for wound-healing applications. In this study, the tender nut of Areca catechu plant was collected and extracted with ethanol using the maceration technique. The presence of various active phytochemical constituents of ethanolic fraction of Areca catechu like phenol, flavonoid, tannin and alkaloid were identified qualitatively and estimated quantitatively. Areca catechu incorporated 10%w/w polycaprolactone scaffolds were fabricated by electrospinning technique and characterised physico-chemically by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscop...

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition

The common reason for mortality globally is myocardial infarction. The study aimed to evaluate Pa... more The common reason for mortality globally is myocardial infarction. The study aimed to evaluate Passiflora edulis (PE) fruit juice potential in the experimental isoproterenol (ISO) treated rat model to manage myocardial injury. ISO (20 mg/100 g body weight) treated rats showed a significant increment in serum marker enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatinine kinase (CK), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and serum acid phosphatase (ACP) activity. Besides, phosphorus and calcium, serum cholesterol, and triglyceride levels (TG) were high in ISO groups. A significant decline in antioxidant activity and histopathological alteration was observed in ISO treated groups. PE juice pre-treatment (2 ml/kg) for 28 days and ISO treatment on the 29th and 30th days showed a protective effect on distorted biochemical and histopathologic parameters compared with reference drug metoprolol. These findings indicate the cardioprotective effect of PE juice on ISO-induced myocardial infracted rats.

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy

: Tendon is a collagenous tissue to connect bone and muscle. Healing of damaged/injured tendon is... more : Tendon is a collagenous tissue to connect bone and muscle. Healing of damaged/injured tendon is the primary clinical challenge in musculoskeletal regeneration because they often react poorly to treatment. Tissue engineering (a triad strategy of scaffolds, cells and growth factors) may have the potential to improve the quality of tendon tissue healing under such impaired situations. Tendon tissue engineering aims to synthesize graft alternatives to repair the injured tendon. Biological scaffolds derived from decellularized tissue may be a better option as their biomechanical properties are similar to the native tissue. This review is designed to provide background information on the current challenges in curing torn/worn out the tendon and the clinical relevance of decellularized scaffolds for such applications.

International journal of biological macromolecules, 2018

The field of nanotechnology has overgrown over the past few years and has even ventured into the ... more The field of nanotechnology has overgrown over the past few years and has even ventured into the field of medicine. The aim of the present study is to develop a novel allicin functionalized locust bean gum nanoparticle using the nanoprecipitation technique. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The characterization study revealed the nanoscale structure (∼100nm) of the prepared particles. In silico toxicology analysis were carried out to assess the drug-like properties and virtual toxicity of allicin. Toxicity of the prepared nanoparticles were carried out in RAW 264.7 cell lines in vitro and in vivo studies were carried out in Sprague-Dawley rats. In in vitro study, LBGAN showed a maximum toxicity of 10.51% in MTT assay, no reactive oxygen species generation on DCFDA staining and LBGAN was effective to protect the cells from apoptosis. In in vivo toxicity studies LBGAN showed ...

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, 2017

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has clinical approval for use as a minimally invasive therapeutic proc... more Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has clinical approval for use as a minimally invasive therapeutic procedure that is able to exert selective cytotoxic activity toward malignant cells. The dye selected for our study, symmetrical diiodinated squaraine, is one of the newly developed photosensitizers. The study is designed to determine the efficacy of PDT mediated by symmetrical diiodinated squaraine in skin tumor induced Swiss albino mice. Skin tumor was induced in mice with dimethyl benzanthracene (DMBA) and croton oil. After squaraine administration to the tumor mice, photodynamic treatment of tumors was performed using a 1000W halogen lamp corresponding to the light dose of 100J/cm(2). The mice were euthanized and skin flaps and tumor tissues from the back of mice were excised for biochemical studies. The biochemical parameters analyzed include some relevant tumor markers for epithelial tissues, inflammatory markers and markers of apoptosis. The gene expression studies were done by RT-PCR. After two weeks of the treatment, there was a significant of inflammation. However at 90days after PDT, the parameters reverted to near-normal values. All marker parameters of tumor progression brought back to normal levels by PDT. Increased caspase-3 activity in PDT treated group shows that cell death might have occurred by apoptosis. The gene expression profile confirms the results. The results of the whole study show the therapeutic efficacy and apoptosis mediated tumor destruction by squaraine PDT.

Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1995

A~tract. Rare earth perchlorate complexes of 4-(2'-hydroxynaphthylazo) antipyrine (H-NAP) of the ... more A~tract. Rare earth perchlorate complexes of 4-(2'-hydroxynaphthylazo) antipyrine (H-NAP) of the composition [Ln(NAP)2 ] CIO 4 (where Ln = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy and Y) have been prepared and characterised. In these complexes NAPacts as a tridentate ligand and CIO~ is uncoordinated. These complexes were screened for their anti-staphylococcal activity by turbidimetric assay method and were found to be more antibacterial than the ligand.

Chemico-biological interactions, Jan 11, 2016

Naringenin (NAR) is one of the naturally occurring flavonoids found in citrus fruits and exerts a... more Naringenin (NAR) is one of the naturally occurring flavonoids found in citrus fruits and exerts a wide variety of pharmacological activities. The clinical relevance of naringenin is limited by its low solubility and minimal bioavailability, owing to its largely hydrophobic ring structure. The aim of the present study is to develop a novel naringenin nanoparticle system (NAR NP) using simple nanoprecipitation technique with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the hydrophilic carrier. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM and EDX. The characterization study revealed the nanoscale properties and the interactions between NAR and PVP. In vivo toxicological evaluations were carried out at various doses (1, 5, 10 & 50 mg/kg body wt) in male Sprague-Dawley rats in comparison with silver nanoparticle (AgNP) at toxic concentration (50 mg/kg body wt). The altered hepatotoxicity markers, hematology parameters and antioxidant defense system were observed in AgNP- treate...

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2016

Cataract is the clouding or opacity that develops in the eye&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;... more Cataract is the clouding or opacity that develops in the eye&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s lens and is considered to be an unavoidable consequence of aging due to irreversible lens damage. Free radicals and oxidant species are reported to be the major factor responsible for the onset and pathology of cataract. No pharmacological measures are formulated to treat cataract blindness and surgical removal of the opaque lens is the only remedy till date. Boosting of antioxidant potential of the lens is proved to prevent cataract and many indigenous plants have been screened for anticataractogenic potential in the last decades. The objective of the present study was to determine whether Cassia tora leaves; the plant employed in traditional medicine for eye rejuvenation and ailments, can prevent cataract in neonatal rats. Cataract was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of sodium selenite at a dose of 4 μg/g body weight on the 10th day and Cassia tora leaves was administered orally from 8th day upto 12th day at a concentration of 5 μg/g body weight. After 30 days; lens morphology, oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium, glutathione metabolism, cytoskeletal protein/gene expressions were monitored. Lens morphology, biochemical analysis and expression studies supported the anticataractogenic effect of Cassia tora leaves. In summary, it can be suggested that the consumption of these leaves afford protection to the lens with its antioxidant action and seems to be a new therapeutic approach against cataract by preventive protection.

Human Fetal Growth and Development, 2016

Developmental immaturity affects a wide range of organ systems. This section describes the short-... more Developmental immaturity affects a wide range of organ systems. This section describes the short-term and long term complications of preterm birth in terms of fetal development as well as injury to fragile organ systems during the perinatal and neonatal periods. Many of these complications have lifelong consequences for the health, growth, and development of infants born preterm. The complex interplay of the mechanisms involved in preterm delivery, including inflammation and cytokine injury, has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic lung disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and brain white matter injury in the preterm infant. Although some randomized, controlled trials demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of a few treatments for neonates, most standard the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) treatments and interventions have not been adequately investigated. The role that defining and treating the complications resulting from preterm birth plays in the health and neurodevelopmental outcomes of children born preterm argues for more long-term outcome studies and more rigorous studies of new therapies and medications before they are widely adopted.

Food Funct., 2016

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of Cassia tora leaves, an edible plant ... more The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of Cassia tora leaves, an edible plant traditionally used for eye ailments, in preventing experimental cataractogenesis.

Chemistry & Biodiversity, 2015

Luteolin, a flavonoid present in leaves and stems of many plants finds mention in literature for ... more Luteolin, a flavonoid present in leaves and stems of many plants finds mention in literature for beneficial effects on eyes. Presently, no reports are available on the in vivo anticataractogenic effect of luteolin. The current study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of luteolin on selenite-induced cataract models in vivo. The study consisted of three groups of Sprague Dawley rat pups 8-10 d old (Group I (Normal), Group II (Cataract induced), and Group III (Treatment)). Cataract was induced in Group II and Group III by a subcutaneous injection of sodium selenite (4 μg/g body weight) on the 10th day. Luteolin was administered orally from 8th day up to 12th day at a concentration of 1 μg/g body weight in Group III. After 30 d, lenses of treated animals showed normal morphology. Activities of antioxidant enzymes were increased and levels of reactive oxygen species were decreased in the luteolin-treated group when compared to the cataract-induced group. Increased Ca(2+) ATPase activity and lowered calcium level, caspase 3 activity and down-regulation of caspase 3 expression were seen in the treatment group when compared to the selenite group. Luteolin enhances the antioxidant potential and thereby lowers the oxidative damages to the lens. It also stabilizes the membrane integrity of the lens and maintains the ionic balance.

RSC Advances, 2014

PAH nanocapsule studies in rats showed that it is biocompatible and nongenotoxic for further in v... more PAH nanocapsule studies in rats showed that it is biocompatible and nongenotoxic for further in vivo drug-delivery studies.

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 2013

Cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis, have found to be the dreadful diseases world... more Cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis, have found to be the dreadful diseases worldwide and therapeutic interventions using plant sources have wide therapeutic value. Vigna unguiculata (VU) leaves have been used as food and therapeutics. Hence, our study was designed to evaluate the hypolipidemic as well as anti-atherogenic potential of VU leaves in normalizing atherogenic gene expression, cholesterol profile, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant enzyme system on cholesterol fed rabbit model. For the study New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups of six animals each and experimental period was three months; group -i - ND [normal diet (40 g feed)], group-ii- ND (normal diet) +EAVU [ethyl acetate fraction of Vigna unguiculata (150 mg/kg body weight)], group -iii- ND [normal diet ]+ CFD [cholesterol fed diet (cholesterol 1 % of 40 g feed and cholic acid 0.5 % of 40 g feed)] and group-iv - ND [normal diet] +CFD [cholesterol fed diet ]+EAVU [ethyl acetate fraction of Vigna unguiculata (150 mg/kg body weight)]. Atherosclerosis was induced by feeding the rabbit with cholesterol (1 % of 40 g feed) and cholic acid (0.5 % of 40 g feed). Supplementation of EAVU normalized cholesterol profile, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation products like thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), antioxidant system and important genes of cardiovascular diseases like interleukin-10 (IL 10), paraoxanase-1 (PON I), interleukin-6 (IL 6), and cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox 2) to near normal level as compared with normal diet. The result obtained showed the antioxidant as well as anti-atherogenic potential of Vigna unguiculata leaves in ameliorating cholesterol induced atherosclerosis, and thus it is good task to include VU leaves in daily diet for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases especially atherosclerosis.

Journal of Biological Sciences, 2006

World Journal of Immunology, 2014

Targeting TLR4/MAPKs signaling pathway: A better option for therapeutic inhibition of atheroscler... more Targeting TLR4/MAPKs signaling pathway: A better option for therapeutic inhibition of atherosclerosis

Reporters, Markers, Dyes, Nanoparticles, and Molecular Probes for Biomedical Applications II, 2010

ABSTRACT

Pharmacological Research, 2012

Therapeutic approaches that exploit nanoparticles to deliver drugs selectively to cancer cells ar... more Therapeutic approaches that exploit nanoparticles to deliver drugs selectively to cancer cells are currently considered one of the most promising avenues in the area of cancer therapeutics. Recently, gold nanorods (AuNRs) have shown promising biological applications due to their unique electronic and optical properties. In this paper, we have demonstrated the anti-cancer potential of gold nanorods with low power laser light. Gold nanorods (AuNRs), surface modified with poly (styrene sulfonate) PSS and functionalized with epidermal growth factor receptor antibody conjugated with gold nanorods (anti-EGFR-AuNRs) were successfully synthesised and characterized by UV-Visible-NIR spectrophotometry and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM). Inductively Coupled Plasmon Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) and Immunofluorescence studies confirmed the efficient uptake of these functionalized gold nanorods by human squamous carcinoma cells, A431. The in vitro photothermal therapy was conducted in four groups-control, laser alone, unconjugated AuNRs with laser and anti-EGFR conjugated AuNRs with laser. Phase contrast images have revealed cell morphology changes and cell death after the laser irradiation. In order to determine whether the cell death occur due to apoptosis or necrosis, we have evaluated the biochemical parameters such as lactate dehydrogenase release, reactive oxygen species level, mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase-3 activity. Flow cytometry analysis have shown the cell cycle changes after laser irradiation with antibody conjugated gold nanorods. Thus the results of our experiments confirmed that immunolabeled gold nanorods can selectively destruct the cancer cells and induce its apoptosis through ROS mediated mitochondrial pathway under low power laser exposure.

Investigational New Drugs, 1996

The influence of the two commonly used spices Murraya koenigii (curry leaf) leaf and Brassica jun... more The influence of the two commonly used spices Murraya koenigii (curry leaf) leaf and Brassica juncea (mustard) seeds on the levels of lipids, fecal bile acids and neutral sterols was studied in rats administered 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine (1,2 DMH). The levels of cholesterol and phospholipids decreased in the experimental groups when compared with the control. The cholesterol phospholipid ratio showed an elevated level in the DMH treated control compared with the species group. Bile acids and neutral sterols showed a sharp increase in the spices treated groups in liver and feces when compared with the control. Morphological and histological studies revealed that the mean number of neoplasms in the colon and intestine were significantly low in the spices fed groups.