António Freitas - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Uploads

Papers by António Freitas

Research paper thumbnail of Percepção dos alunos sobre a integração das TIC na área de projecto na Região Autónoma da Madeira

Mestrado em Multimédia em EducaçãoVários estudos sobre o impacte da integração das Tecnologias da... more Mestrado em Multimédia em EducaçãoVários estudos sobre o impacte da integração das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) em contexto educativo, tanto a nível internacional como nacional, como são exemplos dos estudos sobre a utilização das TIC, quer por professores quer por alunos portugueses, encomendados pelo Ministério da Educação e coordenados por Jacinta Paiva, têm revelado que, apesar de muitas escolas estarem apetrechadas com equipamento informático e terem ligação à Internet, a integração das TIC em contexto de sala de aula é ainda muito incipiente. Visto estes estudos não terem englobado a Região Autónoma da Madeira (RAM), este estudo permitiu colmatar essa lacuna. No âmbito desta dissertação, pretendeu-se fazer um levantamento da percepção dos alunos, do 9º ano das escolas do 3º ciclo da RAM, sobre a forma como são utilizadas as TIC na disciplina de Área de Projecto (AP). Atendendo à finalidade deste estudo, a população alvo deste trabalho consiste em todos os alun...

Research paper thumbnail of The Portuguese Registry of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Overall results

Revista portuguesa de cardiologia : orgao oficial da Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia = Portuguese journal of cardiology : an official journal of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology, 2018

We report the results of the Portuguese Registry of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, an initiative th... more We report the results of the Portuguese Registry of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, an initiative that reflects the current spectrum of cardiology centers throughout the territory of Portugal. A direct invitation to participate was sent to cardiology departments. Baseline and outcome data were collected. A total of 29 centers participated and 1042 patients were recruited. Four centers recruited 49% of the patients, of whom 59% were male, and mean age at diagnosis was 53±16 years. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) was identified as familial in 33%. The major reason for diagnosis was symptoms (53%). HCM was obstructive in 35% of cases and genetic testing was performed in 51%. Invasive septal reduction therapy was offered to 8% (23% of obstructive patients). Most patients (84%) had an estimated five-year risk of sudden death of <6%. Thirteen percent received an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. After a median follow-up of 3.3 years (interquartile range [P25-P75] 1.3-6.5 years), 3...

Research paper thumbnail of The self-fulfilling prophecy in close relationships: Rejection sensitivity and rejection by romantic partners

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1998

The authors hypothesized a self-fulfilling prophecy wherein rejection expectancies lead people to... more The authors hypothesized a self-fulfilling prophecy wherein rejection expectancies lead people to behave in ways that elicit rejection from their dating partners. The hypothesis was tested in 2 studies of conflict in couples: (a) a longitudinal field study where couples provided daily-diary reports and (b) a lab study involving behavioral observations. Results from the field study showed that high rejection-sensitive (HRS) people's relationships were more likely to break up than those of low rejection-sensitive (LRS) people. Conflict processes that contribute to relationship erosion were revealed for HRS women but not for HRS men. Following naturally occurring relationship conflicts, HRS women's partners were more rejecting than were LRS women's partners. The lab study showed that HRS women's negative behavior during conflictual discussions helped explain their partners' more rejecting postconflict responses. example, theorized that people's internal working models of relationships, incorporating expectations of rejection and acceptance, shape their relationships. In an example of what Merton (1948) termed the self-fulfilling prophecy, suggested that rejection expectations can lead people to behave in ways that elicit rejection from others. In this article we examine whether and how this proposed self-fulfilling prophecy operates in the romantic relationships of people high in rejection sensitivity (RS).

Research paper thumbnail of Rejection Sensitivity and Children's Interpersonal Difficulties

Child Development, 1998

Some children respond to social rejection in ways that undermine their relationships, whereas oth... more Some children respond to social rejection in ways that undermine their relationships, whereas others respond with more equanimity. This article reports 3 studies that test the proposition that rejection sensitivity—the disposition to defensively (i.e., anxiously or angrily) expect, readily perceive, and overreact to social rejection—helps explain individual differences in response to social rejection. Data were from urban, minority (primarily Hispanic and African American) fifth to seventh graders. Study 1 describes the development of a measure of rejection sensitivity for children. Study 2 provides experimental evidence that children who angrily expected rejection showed heightened distress following an ambiguously intentioned rejection by a peer. Study 3 shows that rejection sensitive children behaved more aggressively and experienced increased interpersonal difficulties and declines in academic functioning over time.

Research paper thumbnail of Resilience: A Dynamic Perspective

International Journal of Behavioral Development, 1998

Identifying characteristics that distinguish youth who achieve adaptive outcomes in the face of a... more Identifying characteristics that distinguish youth who achieve adaptive outcomes in the face of adversity from those who do not has furthered our understanding of developmental psychopathology. However, accumulating evidence indicates that particular characteristics rarely serve exclusively risk or protective functions, that individuals who seem resilient on one index often do not seem so on other indices, and that individuals often are not equally resilient across contexts. These ndings call for a dynamic conceptualisation of resiliency that can account for why the ways children cope with stressors vary across domain, development, and context. We organise resiliency research into a framework based on a recently proposed dynamic conceptualisation of personality . This framework assumes that understanding why some children show resilience in the face of adversity whereas others show dif culties requires identifying: (a) the content of and relational structure among relevant psychological mediators such as competencies, expectancies, values, and goals; and (b) the relation between these psychological mediators and relevant features of the environment. To illustrate the potential of this approach to further our understanding of resiliency, we examine and reconsider the link between IQ and conduct problems.

Research paper thumbnail of Regulatory Fit and Resisting Temptation during Goal Pursuit

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2002

Because avoiding obstacles to goal attainment is a favored means of prevention-focused self-regul... more Because avoiding obstacles to goal attainment is a favored means of prevention-focused self-regulation, the authors proposed that resisting tempting diversions from task completion would better fit a prevention focus than a promotion focus, thus affecting task enjoyment and performance. Whether deciphering encrypted messages (Study 1) or solving math problems (Study 2), when exposed to attractive distracting video clips, participants in a prevention focus reported greater task enjoyment than did participants in a promotion focus, whereas the reverse was true when the distracting clips were not presented. Indeed, prevention-focused participants enjoyed the tasks more when they had to resist temptation than when they did not. In Study 2, prevention-focused participants outperformed promotion-focused participants under distracting (but not nondistracting) conditions, and regression analyses suggested that task enjoyment mediated this effect. Different regulatory states thus appear to differentially equip people to deal with tempting diversions from goal attainment. © 2002 Elsevier Science (USA)

Research paper thumbnail of Enjoying Goal-Directed Action: The Role of Regulatory Fit

Psychological Science, 2002

We propose that the fit between an action&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp... more We propose that the fit between an action&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s strategic orientation and the actor&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s regulatory state can influence the amount of enjoyment the action provides. In two studies using different methods of manipulating regulatory states and of gauging action evaluations, high regulatory fit increased participants&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; anticipations of action enjoyability. In a third study, high regulatory fit increased participants&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; enjoyment of perceived success at, and willingness to repeat a novel laboratory task, and these effects were independent of participants&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; actual success on the task. Across the three studies, participants in a regulatory state oriented toward accomplishment experienced eagerness-related actions more favorably than vigilance-related actions, whereas participants in a regulatory state oriented toward responsibility experienced vigilance-related actions more favorably than eagerness-related actions. These findings&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; implications for understanding task interest and motivation are discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Transfer of Value From Fit

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2003

People experience regulatory fit when they pursue a goal in a manner that sustains their regulato... more People experience regulatory fit when they pursue a goal in a manner that sustains their regulatory orientation . Five studies tested whether the value experienced from regulatory fit can transfer to a subsequent evaluation of an object. In Studies 1 and 2, participants gave the same coffee mug a higher price if they had chosen it with a strategy that fit their orientation (eager strategy/promotion; vigilant strategy/prevention) than a strategy that did not fit. Studies 3-5 investigated possible mechanisms underlying this effect. Value transfer was independent of positive mood, perceived effectiveness (instrumentality), and perceived efficiency (ease), and occurred for an object that was independent of the fit process itself. The findings supported a value confusion account of transfer.

Research paper thumbnail of Percepção dos alunos sobre a integração das TIC na área de projecto na Região Autónoma da Madeira

Mestrado em Multimédia em EducaçãoVários estudos sobre o impacte da integração das Tecnologias da... more Mestrado em Multimédia em EducaçãoVários estudos sobre o impacte da integração das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) em contexto educativo, tanto a nível internacional como nacional, como são exemplos dos estudos sobre a utilização das TIC, quer por professores quer por alunos portugueses, encomendados pelo Ministério da Educação e coordenados por Jacinta Paiva, têm revelado que, apesar de muitas escolas estarem apetrechadas com equipamento informático e terem ligação à Internet, a integração das TIC em contexto de sala de aula é ainda muito incipiente. Visto estes estudos não terem englobado a Região Autónoma da Madeira (RAM), este estudo permitiu colmatar essa lacuna. No âmbito desta dissertação, pretendeu-se fazer um levantamento da percepção dos alunos, do 9º ano das escolas do 3º ciclo da RAM, sobre a forma como são utilizadas as TIC na disciplina de Área de Projecto (AP). Atendendo à finalidade deste estudo, a população alvo deste trabalho consiste em todos os alun...

Research paper thumbnail of The Portuguese Registry of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Overall results

Revista portuguesa de cardiologia : orgao oficial da Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia = Portuguese journal of cardiology : an official journal of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology, 2018

We report the results of the Portuguese Registry of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, an initiative th... more We report the results of the Portuguese Registry of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, an initiative that reflects the current spectrum of cardiology centers throughout the territory of Portugal. A direct invitation to participate was sent to cardiology departments. Baseline and outcome data were collected. A total of 29 centers participated and 1042 patients were recruited. Four centers recruited 49% of the patients, of whom 59% were male, and mean age at diagnosis was 53±16 years. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) was identified as familial in 33%. The major reason for diagnosis was symptoms (53%). HCM was obstructive in 35% of cases and genetic testing was performed in 51%. Invasive septal reduction therapy was offered to 8% (23% of obstructive patients). Most patients (84%) had an estimated five-year risk of sudden death of <6%. Thirteen percent received an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. After a median follow-up of 3.3 years (interquartile range [P25-P75] 1.3-6.5 years), 3...

Research paper thumbnail of The self-fulfilling prophecy in close relationships: Rejection sensitivity and rejection by romantic partners

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1998

The authors hypothesized a self-fulfilling prophecy wherein rejection expectancies lead people to... more The authors hypothesized a self-fulfilling prophecy wherein rejection expectancies lead people to behave in ways that elicit rejection from their dating partners. The hypothesis was tested in 2 studies of conflict in couples: (a) a longitudinal field study where couples provided daily-diary reports and (b) a lab study involving behavioral observations. Results from the field study showed that high rejection-sensitive (HRS) people's relationships were more likely to break up than those of low rejection-sensitive (LRS) people. Conflict processes that contribute to relationship erosion were revealed for HRS women but not for HRS men. Following naturally occurring relationship conflicts, HRS women's partners were more rejecting than were LRS women's partners. The lab study showed that HRS women's negative behavior during conflictual discussions helped explain their partners' more rejecting postconflict responses. example, theorized that people's internal working models of relationships, incorporating expectations of rejection and acceptance, shape their relationships. In an example of what Merton (1948) termed the self-fulfilling prophecy, suggested that rejection expectations can lead people to behave in ways that elicit rejection from others. In this article we examine whether and how this proposed self-fulfilling prophecy operates in the romantic relationships of people high in rejection sensitivity (RS).

Research paper thumbnail of Rejection Sensitivity and Children's Interpersonal Difficulties

Child Development, 1998

Some children respond to social rejection in ways that undermine their relationships, whereas oth... more Some children respond to social rejection in ways that undermine their relationships, whereas others respond with more equanimity. This article reports 3 studies that test the proposition that rejection sensitivity—the disposition to defensively (i.e., anxiously or angrily) expect, readily perceive, and overreact to social rejection—helps explain individual differences in response to social rejection. Data were from urban, minority (primarily Hispanic and African American) fifth to seventh graders. Study 1 describes the development of a measure of rejection sensitivity for children. Study 2 provides experimental evidence that children who angrily expected rejection showed heightened distress following an ambiguously intentioned rejection by a peer. Study 3 shows that rejection sensitive children behaved more aggressively and experienced increased interpersonal difficulties and declines in academic functioning over time.

Research paper thumbnail of Resilience: A Dynamic Perspective

International Journal of Behavioral Development, 1998

Identifying characteristics that distinguish youth who achieve adaptive outcomes in the face of a... more Identifying characteristics that distinguish youth who achieve adaptive outcomes in the face of adversity from those who do not has furthered our understanding of developmental psychopathology. However, accumulating evidence indicates that particular characteristics rarely serve exclusively risk or protective functions, that individuals who seem resilient on one index often do not seem so on other indices, and that individuals often are not equally resilient across contexts. These ndings call for a dynamic conceptualisation of resiliency that can account for why the ways children cope with stressors vary across domain, development, and context. We organise resiliency research into a framework based on a recently proposed dynamic conceptualisation of personality . This framework assumes that understanding why some children show resilience in the face of adversity whereas others show dif culties requires identifying: (a) the content of and relational structure among relevant psychological mediators such as competencies, expectancies, values, and goals; and (b) the relation between these psychological mediators and relevant features of the environment. To illustrate the potential of this approach to further our understanding of resiliency, we examine and reconsider the link between IQ and conduct problems.

Research paper thumbnail of Regulatory Fit and Resisting Temptation during Goal Pursuit

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2002

Because avoiding obstacles to goal attainment is a favored means of prevention-focused self-regul... more Because avoiding obstacles to goal attainment is a favored means of prevention-focused self-regulation, the authors proposed that resisting tempting diversions from task completion would better fit a prevention focus than a promotion focus, thus affecting task enjoyment and performance. Whether deciphering encrypted messages (Study 1) or solving math problems (Study 2), when exposed to attractive distracting video clips, participants in a prevention focus reported greater task enjoyment than did participants in a promotion focus, whereas the reverse was true when the distracting clips were not presented. Indeed, prevention-focused participants enjoyed the tasks more when they had to resist temptation than when they did not. In Study 2, prevention-focused participants outperformed promotion-focused participants under distracting (but not nondistracting) conditions, and regression analyses suggested that task enjoyment mediated this effect. Different regulatory states thus appear to differentially equip people to deal with tempting diversions from goal attainment. © 2002 Elsevier Science (USA)

Research paper thumbnail of Enjoying Goal-Directed Action: The Role of Regulatory Fit

Psychological Science, 2002

We propose that the fit between an action&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp... more We propose that the fit between an action&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s strategic orientation and the actor&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s regulatory state can influence the amount of enjoyment the action provides. In two studies using different methods of manipulating regulatory states and of gauging action evaluations, high regulatory fit increased participants&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; anticipations of action enjoyability. In a third study, high regulatory fit increased participants&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; enjoyment of perceived success at, and willingness to repeat a novel laboratory task, and these effects were independent of participants&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; actual success on the task. Across the three studies, participants in a regulatory state oriented toward accomplishment experienced eagerness-related actions more favorably than vigilance-related actions, whereas participants in a regulatory state oriented toward responsibility experienced vigilance-related actions more favorably than eagerness-related actions. These findings&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; implications for understanding task interest and motivation are discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Transfer of Value From Fit

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2003

People experience regulatory fit when they pursue a goal in a manner that sustains their regulato... more People experience regulatory fit when they pursue a goal in a manner that sustains their regulatory orientation . Five studies tested whether the value experienced from regulatory fit can transfer to a subsequent evaluation of an object. In Studies 1 and 2, participants gave the same coffee mug a higher price if they had chosen it with a strategy that fit their orientation (eager strategy/promotion; vigilant strategy/prevention) than a strategy that did not fit. Studies 3-5 investigated possible mechanisms underlying this effect. Value transfer was independent of positive mood, perceived effectiveness (instrumentality), and perceived efficiency (ease), and occurred for an object that was independent of the fit process itself. The findings supported a value confusion account of transfer.