Anthony Grey - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Anthony Grey
Palestine Exploration Quarterly, 2014
The site of Tel Jezreel overlooking the Jezreel Valley has been settled from Neolithic times to t... more The site of Tel Jezreel overlooking the Jezreel Valley has been settled from Neolithic times to the 20th century. There is evidence of a thriving settlement reflecting eastern Roman provincial culture from the Hellenistic period into Late Antiquity into the eighth century AD. Growing of vines in the vicinity and wine production probably continued from the Iron Age period and there is evidence of several wine presses from the early Byzantine period along with abundant wine jar pottery sherds. Pottery evidence reflects the use of terra sigillata and Late Roman Fine Ware for table ware and of cooking vessels and trasport amphorae. Wine was imported in Hellenistic times with several stamped and dateable Rhodian jar handles recorded.
Multidisciplinary approaches to food and foodways in the medieval Eastern Mediterranean, 2020
Excavations during the last decade at the Tawahin es-Sukkar near Safi, to the south of the Dead S... more Excavations during the last decade at the Tawahin es-Sukkar near Safi, to the south of the Dead Sea in Jordan, revealed structures connected with sugar cane milling and the refining of sugar. Study of the sugar pots from the 2002 excavations at the Tawahin and the adjacent settlement of Khirbet Shaykh ‘Isa (which can be equated with ancient Zoara) indicates that sugar production was taking place on a significant scale from the 11th century to the late 14th century.This paper presents the morphological and material characteristics of these sugar pots, comparing them with their counterparts from elsewhere in Jordan and Palestine. This is considered within the broad model of production and consumption, reviewing the evidence, for example, for centres where storage and secondary refining occurred separately. The issue of the extent to which sugar pots travelled with their contents is discussed, as is the potential of integrating typology with fabric analysis to begin elucidating some of the steps within the chain that led from primary production to secondary refining to selling, first within southern Jordan (encompassing the southern Ghor and the region administered by Kerak), and second, more widely within the Levant
Levant, 2001
Page 1. Published by Maney Publishing (c) The Council for British Research in the Levant LEVANT 3... more Page 1. Published by Maney Publishing (c) The Council for British Research in the Levant LEVANT 33 2001 Pp. 139-164 An Interim Report on the Pottery from Gharandal (Arindela), Jordan Alan G. Walmsley! and Anthony D. Grey2 ...
Report on the first season of excavation at Ghor es-Safi, Jordan, site of a medieval sugar instal... more Report on the first season of excavation at Ghor es-Safi, Jordan, site of a medieval sugar installation and early Byzantine church with Abbasid and later settlement overlying it. Kiln site for production of sugar pots and other Mamluk period ceramics. Occupation terminated by AD 1500.
Ruwayda a Late Islamic coastal settlement on the north coast of Qatar. The architecture : a fort,... more Ruwayda a Late Islamic coastal settlement on the north coast of Qatar. The architecture : a fort, palace, mosque and warehouses. The ceramics are regional from Iran, Bahrain and Julfar (U.A.E.) and imported from China
The principal aim of the Gharandal Archaeological Project is to investigate the nature and extent... more The principal aim of the Gharandal Archaeological Project is to investigate the nature and extent of human settlement in south Jordan, especially the causes, processes and degree of change in that settlement, between Classical Antiquity and the Islamic Middle Ages. The applied approach is interdisciplinary, drawing on a wide spectrum of archaeological and historical sources, and specifically features the archaeological excavation and survey of a large urban site and a reconnaissance of its immediate hinterland. The research program is set to produce new and verifiable information on urban conditions, economic activities, urban-rural relations, land use patterns, diet, settlement and population change in the transition from Antiquity to the Islamic Middle Ages. Particular focus is placed on understanding major variations to urban and rural settlement patterns over a millennium (roughly second to thirteenth centuries CE), specifically the important issues of 'town' and 'village' , 'urban' and 'rural' .
This is an unpublished preliminary report on the 2014 excavations at Ruwayda in northern Qatar
Levant (Journal), 2001
Two seasons of excavations at Gharandal (Roman-Byzantine Arindela) in the south of Jordan have pr... more Two seasons of excavations at Gharandal (Roman-Byzantine Arindela) in the south of Jordan have produced a major ceramic sequence spanning the Nabataean to Islamic periods. The excavations focussed on a Byzantine church and an adjoining, earlier, monumental stone complex, probably a late Nabataean or early Roman caravanserai. Particularly representative and reliable pottery sequences were recovered for two poorly understood periods in the material culture of south Jordan: the later eighth to early ninth centuries, and the late tenth and eleventh centuries. The pottery of the latter period displays important transitional characteristics with the general appearance of regionally distinctive Islamic handmade wares.
The site of Tel Jezreel overlooking the Jezreel Valley has been settled from Neolithic times to t... more The site of Tel Jezreel overlooking the Jezreel Valley has been settled from Neolithic times to the 20th century. There is evidence of a thriving settlement reflecting eastern Roman provincial culture from the Hellenistic period into Late Antiquity into the eighth century AD. Growing of vines in the vicinity and wine production probably continued from the Iron Age period and there is evidence of several wine presses from the early Byzantine period along with abundant wine jar pottery sherds. Pottery evidence reflects the use of terra sigillata and Late Roman Fine Ware for table ware and of cooking vessels and trasport amphorae. Wine was imported in Hellenistic times with several stamped and dateable Rhodian jar handles recorded.
The medieval Palestinian village of Zir'in bordering the Galilee region provides a snapshot of th... more The medieval Palestinian village of Zir'in bordering the Galilee region provides a snapshot of the ceramics and their evolution from the demise of Byzantine rule in the 7 th century to the advent of Ottoman Turkish rule in the 16 th century. Late Antique traditions were slow to change for coarse utility wares such as cooking vessels but fine table wares did change and evolve more rapidly. Red gloss Late Roman Fine Ware ceased production by the 8 th century to be replaced by Fine Byzantine Ware, mould-impressed Abbasid cream ware jugs and, by the late 8 th century, by glazed bowls and cooking vessels. The wine producing industry utilising large quantities of bagshaped storage jars came to an end and fewer and smaller storage jars were used. The 12 th century saw a brief phase of Crusader occupation and the advent of handmade globular cooking pots and of Handmade Geometrically Painted bowls, jugs and small jars. Evidence of sugar consumption is seen with two 12 th century sugar cone pots. underglaze-painted soft-paste wares and material from the Mediterranean area comparable with ceramics from much larger sites of the period.
A detailed manual on processing, caring for and recording all classes of archaeological finds. Ma... more A detailed manual on processing, caring for and recording all classes of archaeological finds. May now need some updating and revision. Finds divided into bulk and registered.
Coastal sites recently excavated include several in Qatar of abandoned towns, forts and villages ... more Coastal sites recently excavated include several in Qatar of abandoned towns, forts and villages with coarse wares produced regionally and fine table wares imported via long distance maritime trading links. In the 18th century porcelain was imported from China (mainly), S.E. Asia and Japan. Nothing came from the west (Ottoman or European sources). In the 19th century Chinese porcelain included mass produced material of inferior (so cheaper) quality known as 'kitchen Ch'ing' destined primarily for overseas Chinese communities. European refined white earthenware bowls and plates were imported after c1860 mainly from Dutch factories in Maastricht and bound primarily for the Dutch East Indies with some offloaded in Bombay for transshipment by the local dhow traffic.
The site of Deir 'Ain 'Abata is that of a Late Antique period monastery and pilgrimage site reput... more The site of Deir 'Ain 'Abata is that of a Late Antique period monastery and pilgrimage site reputed be that of Lot's Cave overlooking the Dead Sea in Jordan. The site and its pottery extend into the 9thc Abbasid period. The ceramics include cream ware Abassid relief-moulded jugs, many lamps (separate author) and much Late Roman Fine Ware.
Arindela) in the south of Jordan have produced a major ceramic sequence spanning the Nabataean to... more Arindela) in the south of Jordan have produced a major ceramic sequence spanning the Nabataean to Islamic periods. The excavations focussed on a Byzantine church and an adjoining earlier, monumental stone complex, probably a late Nabataean or early Roman caravansarai. Particularly representative and reliable pottery sequences were recovered for two poorly understood periods in the material culture of south Jordan: the later-eighth to early-ninth centuries, and the late-tenth and eleventh centuries. The pottery of the latter period displays important characteristics with the general appearance of regionally distinctive Islamic handmade wares.
The pottery was recorded from the site of a large church (a seat of a bishopric) that fell out of... more The pottery was recorded from the site of a large church (a seat of a bishopric) that fell out of use in the Abbasid 9th century AD with a village developing in the ruins. Pottery includes residual early Byzantine and extends to the Mamluk 14th/15th century AD. Early versions (plain and painted handmade pottery 10th-12th century) were present as precursors to Handmade Geometrically Painted Wares of the Ayyubid-Mamluk period.
The pottery dates the site from the 18th-20th century AD with the possibility of earlier material... more The pottery dates the site from the 18th-20th century AD with the possibility of earlier material coming to light. As well as high quality Chinese porcelain poor quality (and cheaper) 'kitchen Ch'ing' porcelain was common. Other late trade wares included decorated refined white earthenware from Maastricht, Netherlands and from other European and Japanese makers. Two unusual sherds show transfer decoration of soldiers (perhaps in India) and street life (also perhaps in India). The regional wares included Aa'li ware jugs and jars from Bahrain, Julfar cooking pots and other vessels from Ras al-Khaimah (UAE) and glazed earthenwares probably from Iran.
Palestine Exploration Quarterly, 2014
The site of Tel Jezreel overlooking the Jezreel Valley has been settled from Neolithic times to t... more The site of Tel Jezreel overlooking the Jezreel Valley has been settled from Neolithic times to the 20th century. There is evidence of a thriving settlement reflecting eastern Roman provincial culture from the Hellenistic period into Late Antiquity into the eighth century AD. Growing of vines in the vicinity and wine production probably continued from the Iron Age period and there is evidence of several wine presses from the early Byzantine period along with abundant wine jar pottery sherds. Pottery evidence reflects the use of terra sigillata and Late Roman Fine Ware for table ware and of cooking vessels and trasport amphorae. Wine was imported in Hellenistic times with several stamped and dateable Rhodian jar handles recorded.
Multidisciplinary approaches to food and foodways in the medieval Eastern Mediterranean, 2020
Excavations during the last decade at the Tawahin es-Sukkar near Safi, to the south of the Dead S... more Excavations during the last decade at the Tawahin es-Sukkar near Safi, to the south of the Dead Sea in Jordan, revealed structures connected with sugar cane milling and the refining of sugar. Study of the sugar pots from the 2002 excavations at the Tawahin and the adjacent settlement of Khirbet Shaykh ‘Isa (which can be equated with ancient Zoara) indicates that sugar production was taking place on a significant scale from the 11th century to the late 14th century.This paper presents the morphological and material characteristics of these sugar pots, comparing them with their counterparts from elsewhere in Jordan and Palestine. This is considered within the broad model of production and consumption, reviewing the evidence, for example, for centres where storage and secondary refining occurred separately. The issue of the extent to which sugar pots travelled with their contents is discussed, as is the potential of integrating typology with fabric analysis to begin elucidating some of the steps within the chain that led from primary production to secondary refining to selling, first within southern Jordan (encompassing the southern Ghor and the region administered by Kerak), and second, more widely within the Levant
Levant, 2001
Page 1. Published by Maney Publishing (c) The Council for British Research in the Levant LEVANT 3... more Page 1. Published by Maney Publishing (c) The Council for British Research in the Levant LEVANT 33 2001 Pp. 139-164 An Interim Report on the Pottery from Gharandal (Arindela), Jordan Alan G. Walmsley! and Anthony D. Grey2 ...
Report on the first season of excavation at Ghor es-Safi, Jordan, site of a medieval sugar instal... more Report on the first season of excavation at Ghor es-Safi, Jordan, site of a medieval sugar installation and early Byzantine church with Abbasid and later settlement overlying it. Kiln site for production of sugar pots and other Mamluk period ceramics. Occupation terminated by AD 1500.
Ruwayda a Late Islamic coastal settlement on the north coast of Qatar. The architecture : a fort,... more Ruwayda a Late Islamic coastal settlement on the north coast of Qatar. The architecture : a fort, palace, mosque and warehouses. The ceramics are regional from Iran, Bahrain and Julfar (U.A.E.) and imported from China
The principal aim of the Gharandal Archaeological Project is to investigate the nature and extent... more The principal aim of the Gharandal Archaeological Project is to investigate the nature and extent of human settlement in south Jordan, especially the causes, processes and degree of change in that settlement, between Classical Antiquity and the Islamic Middle Ages. The applied approach is interdisciplinary, drawing on a wide spectrum of archaeological and historical sources, and specifically features the archaeological excavation and survey of a large urban site and a reconnaissance of its immediate hinterland. The research program is set to produce new and verifiable information on urban conditions, economic activities, urban-rural relations, land use patterns, diet, settlement and population change in the transition from Antiquity to the Islamic Middle Ages. Particular focus is placed on understanding major variations to urban and rural settlement patterns over a millennium (roughly second to thirteenth centuries CE), specifically the important issues of 'town' and 'village' , 'urban' and 'rural' .
This is an unpublished preliminary report on the 2014 excavations at Ruwayda in northern Qatar
Levant (Journal), 2001
Two seasons of excavations at Gharandal (Roman-Byzantine Arindela) in the south of Jordan have pr... more Two seasons of excavations at Gharandal (Roman-Byzantine Arindela) in the south of Jordan have produced a major ceramic sequence spanning the Nabataean to Islamic periods. The excavations focussed on a Byzantine church and an adjoining, earlier, monumental stone complex, probably a late Nabataean or early Roman caravanserai. Particularly representative and reliable pottery sequences were recovered for two poorly understood periods in the material culture of south Jordan: the later eighth to early ninth centuries, and the late tenth and eleventh centuries. The pottery of the latter period displays important transitional characteristics with the general appearance of regionally distinctive Islamic handmade wares.
The site of Tel Jezreel overlooking the Jezreel Valley has been settled from Neolithic times to t... more The site of Tel Jezreel overlooking the Jezreel Valley has been settled from Neolithic times to the 20th century. There is evidence of a thriving settlement reflecting eastern Roman provincial culture from the Hellenistic period into Late Antiquity into the eighth century AD. Growing of vines in the vicinity and wine production probably continued from the Iron Age period and there is evidence of several wine presses from the early Byzantine period along with abundant wine jar pottery sherds. Pottery evidence reflects the use of terra sigillata and Late Roman Fine Ware for table ware and of cooking vessels and trasport amphorae. Wine was imported in Hellenistic times with several stamped and dateable Rhodian jar handles recorded.
The medieval Palestinian village of Zir'in bordering the Galilee region provides a snapshot of th... more The medieval Palestinian village of Zir'in bordering the Galilee region provides a snapshot of the ceramics and their evolution from the demise of Byzantine rule in the 7 th century to the advent of Ottoman Turkish rule in the 16 th century. Late Antique traditions were slow to change for coarse utility wares such as cooking vessels but fine table wares did change and evolve more rapidly. Red gloss Late Roman Fine Ware ceased production by the 8 th century to be replaced by Fine Byzantine Ware, mould-impressed Abbasid cream ware jugs and, by the late 8 th century, by glazed bowls and cooking vessels. The wine producing industry utilising large quantities of bagshaped storage jars came to an end and fewer and smaller storage jars were used. The 12 th century saw a brief phase of Crusader occupation and the advent of handmade globular cooking pots and of Handmade Geometrically Painted bowls, jugs and small jars. Evidence of sugar consumption is seen with two 12 th century sugar cone pots. underglaze-painted soft-paste wares and material from the Mediterranean area comparable with ceramics from much larger sites of the period.
A detailed manual on processing, caring for and recording all classes of archaeological finds. Ma... more A detailed manual on processing, caring for and recording all classes of archaeological finds. May now need some updating and revision. Finds divided into bulk and registered.
Coastal sites recently excavated include several in Qatar of abandoned towns, forts and villages ... more Coastal sites recently excavated include several in Qatar of abandoned towns, forts and villages with coarse wares produced regionally and fine table wares imported via long distance maritime trading links. In the 18th century porcelain was imported from China (mainly), S.E. Asia and Japan. Nothing came from the west (Ottoman or European sources). In the 19th century Chinese porcelain included mass produced material of inferior (so cheaper) quality known as 'kitchen Ch'ing' destined primarily for overseas Chinese communities. European refined white earthenware bowls and plates were imported after c1860 mainly from Dutch factories in Maastricht and bound primarily for the Dutch East Indies with some offloaded in Bombay for transshipment by the local dhow traffic.
The site of Deir 'Ain 'Abata is that of a Late Antique period monastery and pilgrimage site reput... more The site of Deir 'Ain 'Abata is that of a Late Antique period monastery and pilgrimage site reputed be that of Lot's Cave overlooking the Dead Sea in Jordan. The site and its pottery extend into the 9thc Abbasid period. The ceramics include cream ware Abassid relief-moulded jugs, many lamps (separate author) and much Late Roman Fine Ware.
Arindela) in the south of Jordan have produced a major ceramic sequence spanning the Nabataean to... more Arindela) in the south of Jordan have produced a major ceramic sequence spanning the Nabataean to Islamic periods. The excavations focussed on a Byzantine church and an adjoining earlier, monumental stone complex, probably a late Nabataean or early Roman caravansarai. Particularly representative and reliable pottery sequences were recovered for two poorly understood periods in the material culture of south Jordan: the later-eighth to early-ninth centuries, and the late-tenth and eleventh centuries. The pottery of the latter period displays important characteristics with the general appearance of regionally distinctive Islamic handmade wares.
The pottery was recorded from the site of a large church (a seat of a bishopric) that fell out of... more The pottery was recorded from the site of a large church (a seat of a bishopric) that fell out of use in the Abbasid 9th century AD with a village developing in the ruins. Pottery includes residual early Byzantine and extends to the Mamluk 14th/15th century AD. Early versions (plain and painted handmade pottery 10th-12th century) were present as precursors to Handmade Geometrically Painted Wares of the Ayyubid-Mamluk period.
The pottery dates the site from the 18th-20th century AD with the possibility of earlier material... more The pottery dates the site from the 18th-20th century AD with the possibility of earlier material coming to light. As well as high quality Chinese porcelain poor quality (and cheaper) 'kitchen Ch'ing' porcelain was common. Other late trade wares included decorated refined white earthenware from Maastricht, Netherlands and from other European and Japanese makers. Two unusual sherds show transfer decoration of soldiers (perhaps in India) and street life (also perhaps in India). The regional wares included Aa'li ware jugs and jars from Bahrain, Julfar cooking pots and other vessels from Ras al-Khaimah (UAE) and glazed earthenwares probably from Iran.
A number of archaeological investigations of abandoned settlements at or near the coast are bring... more A number of archaeological investigations of abandoned settlements at or near the coast are bringing to light ceramics that clearly illustrate the nature and extent of Qatari maritime trading links with places both near and far. Some of the material is of sufficiently recent date to potentially be within the living memory of older citizens of Qatar and their study forms part of the concept of linking the citizens of Qatar with their recent past. The sherds excavated from Qatari sites are mostly small fragments reflecting site formation history whereby broken pottery tipped as rubbish was often subsequently shovelled up to form make-up for new floors and so redeposited and broken up. Such sherds are frequently seen on the desert surface. Very few complete or restorable profiles have been recovered. Some broken jugs and other vessels were reused to contain bitumen for caulking boat planks.
Excavations during the last decade at the Tawahin es-Sukkar near Safi, to the south of the Dead S... more Excavations during the last decade at the Tawahin es-Sukkar near Safi, to the south of the Dead Sea in Jordan, revealed structures connected with sugar cane milling and the refining of sugar. Study of the sugar pots from the 2002 excavations at the Tawahin and the adjacent settlement of Khirbet Shaykh 'Isa (which can be equated with ancient Zoara) indicates that sugar production was taking place on a significant scale from the 11 th century to the late 14 th century. This paper presents the morphological and material characteristics of these sugar pots, comparing them with their counterparts from elsewhere in Jordan and Palestine. This is considered within the broad model of production and consumption, reviewing the evidence, for example, for centres where storage and secondary refining occurred separately. The issue of the extent to which sugar pots travelled with their contents is discussed, as is the potential of integrating typology with fabric analysis to begin elucidating some of the steps within the chain that led from primary production to secondary refining to selling, first within southern Jordan (encompassing the southern Ghors and the region administered by Kerak), and second, more widely within the Levant.