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Papers by Antonio Martínez-Álvarez

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Oct 5, 2021

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Oct 3, 2022

Microelectronics Reliability, 2018

Approximate Triple Modular Redundancy (ATMR), which is the implementation of TMR with approximate... more Approximate Triple Modular Redundancy (ATMR), which is the implementation of TMR with approximate versions of the target circuit, has emerged in recent years as an alternative to partial hardware replication where designers can explore reduced area overhead combined with some compromise on fault masking. This work presents a novel approach for implementing approximate TMR that combines the approximate gate library (ApxLib) technique with heuristics. The algorithm initially defines the gates to be approximated using testability and observability measures and then choose the gate transformation based on the bits difference. Experimental results compare the proposed new approach with another state of the art technique that uses approximate gate libraries with genetic algorithm showing a good trade-off between the ATMR schemes efficiency in terms of area and fault masking and the computational effort needed to generate them.

2011 12th European Conference on Radiation and Its Effects on Components and Systems, 2011

This paper remarks the importance of defining real conditions for the radiation effects evaluatio... more This paper remarks the importance of defining real conditions for the radiation effects evaluation on embedded systems using a fault injection system. The influence of fault latency on the experiment results is illustrated by means of a case study.

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science

A software technique is presented to protect commercial multi-core microprocessors against radiat... more A software technique is presented to protect commercial multi-core microprocessors against radiation-induced soft errors. Important time overheads associated with conventional software redundancy techniques limit the feasibility of advanced critical electronic systems. In our approach, redundant bare-metal threads are used, so that critical computation is distributed over the different microprocessor cores. In doing so, software redundancy can be applied to Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) microprocessors without incurring highperformance penalties. The proposed technique was evaluated using a low-cost single board computer (Raspberry Pi 4) under neutron irradiation. The results showed that the Redundant Multi-Threading versions detected and recovered all the Silent Data Corruption (SDC) events, and only increased HANG sensitivity with respect to the unhardened original versions. In addition, higher Mean Work to Failure (MWTF) estimations are achieved with our bare-metal technique than with the state-of-the-art bare-metal software-based techniques that only implement temporal redundancy.

MELECON 2006 - 2006 IEEE Mediterranean Electrotechnical Conference

In this paper, we present a tool devised for the automatic design and optimization of bioinspired... more In this paper, we present a tool devised for the automatic design and optimization of bioinspired visual processing models using reconfigurable hardware. We have focused on the simulation and optimization characteristics of our system. We also present a retina-like processing system based on a PCI-based FPGA board as an example. The whole system is intended for the design and analysis

Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439)

... In the digital hardware implementation of the filter, the 2-D gaussians are approximated by d... more ... In the digital hardware implementation of the filter, the 2-D gaussians are approximated by decreasing exponentials (powers of 2) with a discrete number of weight values (the gray intensities assigned to the pixels ofthe figure, where a 7x7 neighborhood is assumed). ...

2006 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications, 2006

This paper presents a synthesis tool for the automatic translation and optimization of bioinspire... more This paper presents a synthesis tool for the automatic translation and optimization of bioinspired vision models into a FPL implementation. The software allows functional simulation and high level specification of the model, and produces a data-flow model using VHDL, which is synthesizable with different lower-level synthesis tools and for various FPGA technologies. The proposed design platform extends the features of

Handbook of Neural Engineering

Most of the sensory information we perceive comes from our eyes. We rely on this sense to perform... more Most of the sensory information we perceive comes from our eyes. We rely on this sense to perform almost every daily task, such as driving, walking, grasping objects, and so on. Blindness deprives millions of individuals of receiving an enormous amount of precious information on color, distances, shapes, motion, textures, and so on. A number of research groups around the world aim to reach a remedy and restore vision to blind people. The developments of intracortical arrays of electrodes pave the way for direct electrical stimulation of the visual areas of the brain. This chapter presents an approach to feed these electrodes with visual information and to automatically translate image sequences into the neural language of the primary visual cortex.

Neurocomputing, 2007

The cooperation between neuroscience and biomedical engineering gave rise to a recent, but growin... more The cooperation between neuroscience and biomedical engineering gave rise to a recent, but growing research field, known as neuroengineering. We follow its principles to have a system providing basic descriptions of the visual world to the brain's cortex. We describe a set of software and hardware tools to interface with neural tissue, in order to transmit visual information encoded into a bioinspired neural-like form. The set is composed of a retina-like encoder, and a platform to optimize electrical stimulation parameters for a multi-electrode implant. The main objective is to progress towards a functional visual neuroprosthesis for the blind.

Journal of Neural Engineering, 2005

Clinical applications such as artificial vision require extraordinary, diverse, lengthy and intim... more Clinical applications such as artificial vision require extraordinary, diverse, lengthy and intimate collaborations among basic scientists, engineers and clinicians. In this review, we present the state of research on a visual neuroprosthesis designed to interface with the occipital visual cortex as a means through which a limited, but useful, visual sense could be restored in profoundly blind individuals. We review the most important physiological principles regarding this neuroprosthetic approach and emphasize the role of neural plasticity in order to achieve desired behavioral outcomes. While full restoration of fine detailed vision with current technology is unlikely in the immediate near future, the discrimination of shapes and the localization of objects should be possible allowing blind subjects to navigate in a unfamiliar environment and perhaps even to read enlarged text. Continued research and development in neuroprosthesis technology will likely result in a substantial improvement in the quality of life of blind and visually impaired individuals.