Anwar Elsayed - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Anwar Elsayed

BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology

Background Oral insulin administration has recently become one of the most exciting research subj... more Background Oral insulin administration has recently become one of the most exciting research subjects. Different approaches have been carried out to get an effective oral insulin delivery system using nanotechnology. The development of a delivery system that overcomes the difficulties of oral insulin administration, achieving high stability and minimal side effects, is still an urgent need. Therefore, this study is considered one of the efforts to design a new prospective drug delivery nano-composite (silica-coated chitosan-dextran sulfate nanoparticles). Methods Chitosan-dextran sulfate nanoparticles (CS-DS NPs) were prepared via a complex coacervation method and then coated with silica. Uncoated and silica-coated CS-DS NPs were physically characterized via different techniques. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been used to investigate the chemical elements, siz...

Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center, 2005

Tumor markers in the early detection of tumors are promising tools that could improve the control... more Tumor markers in the early detection of tumors are promising tools that could improve the control and treatment of tumors. While alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a commonly used tumor marker in the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), its sensitivity and specificity are insufficient to detect HCC in all patient samples. We compared AFP with serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF and VEGF-A), insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-II), and the activity of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-L-fucosidase (AFU) in the sensitivity of detection of HCC and cirrhosis in Egyptian patients. The sensitivity of tumor detection using AFP was 68.2%. This level of detection was increased to 88.6% when AFP was evaluated in conjunction with AFU. The combined use of AFP and VEGF increased the sensitivity of detection to 95.5% in patients with HCC. The combination of the three markers yielded 100% detection sensitivity. VEGF-A showed a low specificity (20%), and IGF-II showed extremely low sen...

The Open Spectroscopy Journal, 2012

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2010

Physics in Medicine and Biology, 2003

The diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually occurs at late stages in the disease when... more The diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually occurs at late stages in the disease when there are few effective treatment options. The measurement of the concentration of tumour markers in the serum of patients is a complementary tool frequently used for the interpretation of diagnostic imaging results. It is also used as a prognostic tool for the detection of cancer. Unfortunately, the sensitivity of tumour markers is still low and many times it yields normal results for cirrhotic and HCC patients. In the current work, the detection possibility of the structural changes in serum proteins accompanying cirrhosis and HCC is investigated using a low-angle x-ray scattering (LAXS) technique. The results show that there are significant differences in the LAXS profiles of cirrhosis and HCC lyophilized serum samples compared to normal. The changes in shape, total counts and position of the first scattering peak at 4.8 degrees, which was previously reported to be sensitive to the structural changes in protein, showed the most characteristic deviations from normal serum. The present results are promising and would offer a potentially helpful complementary tool for monitoring cirrhosis and HCC.

American Journal of Therapeutics, 2016

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the major, immune-mediated, demyelinating neurodegenerative disease of... more Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the major, immune-mediated, demyelinating neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a well-established animal model of MS. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective and ameliorative effects of N. sativa seeds (2.8 g/kg body weight) in EAE-induced Wistar rats. EAE-induced rats were divided into: 1-EAE-induced rats ("EAE" group). 2-"N. sativa + EAE" group received daily oral administration of N. sativa 2 weeks prior EAE induction until the end of the experiment. 3-"EAE + N. sativa" group received daily oral administration of N. sativa after the appearance of first clinical signs until the end of the experiment. All animals were decapitated at the 28th day post EAE-induction. EAE was investigated using histopathological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examinations in addition to determination of some oxidative stress parameters i...

Research Journal of Biotechnology

The effect of electroporation on the physical characteristics of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-Sn-glycerol-3- p... more The effect of electroporation on the physical characteristics of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-Sn-glycerol-3- phosphocholine (DPPC) liposome loading diclofenac sodium, ascorbic acid and Rhodamine B was studied. Group one liposomes were incubated with diclofenac sodium, group two liposomes were incubated with ascorbic acid and group three: liposomes were incubated with Rhodamine B. The three groups were subjected to electroporation protocol. Samples were exposed to different field strengths at pulses 30, 60 and 90 pulses respectively with pulse duration 4 milliseconds. After electroporation, liposomes were separated from unentrapped drugs and form the dye through centrifugation. Physical characteristics of liposomes were examined using Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and particle size analysis. Liposomes are entrapping ascorbic acid with high efficiency at the values of 900 V/0.2 cm with 60 pulses, 800 and 1000 V/ 0.2 cm at 90 pulses. Diclofenac so...

transform infrared (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies

Cationic polymers have been used to condense DNA by electrostatic interaction into small particle... more Cationic polymers have been used to condense DNA by electrostatic interaction into small particles (polyplexes), for protecting the DNA from degradation and enhancing its uptake via endocytosis. Polyethylenimine (PEI) is one of the most advanced delivery systems that can condense DNA efficiently forming PEI/DNA complexes. The effect of PEI molecular weight (2k, 5k and 25k) on the physicochemical and biological properties of the polyplexes was investigated. As the molecular weight of PEI increased, the condensation ability, surface charge increased while complexes size decreased. PEI 25k has the lowest buffer capacity compared to 2k and 5k PEI. Transfection efficiency of examined polyplexes was higher in MCF7 cells than in HeLa cells. 25k PEI formed smaller polyplexes and achieved higher transfection efficiencies (into two cell lines HeLa and MCF7) than 2k PEI and 5k PEI. Attachment of different hydrophobic amino acid residues and suitable targeting ligands onto the surface of 25k PE...

Egyptian Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Biophysics

International Journal of Physical Sciences, 2011

Reviews in Theoretical Science, 2015

ABSTRACT NS3 serine protease is considered as one of the most important non-structure proteins fo... more ABSTRACT NS3 serine protease is considered as one of the most important non-structure proteins for hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication. The significance of NS3 protease function is the conversion of polypeptides to functional proteins to produce new mature HCV. Knowing that the currently available treatment is expensive and effective in only 50–60% of treated patients. It is thus crucially important to exert maximum effort in the design of new formulations aiming to achieve better treatment performance.

Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1996

ABSTRACT Comparison is done between single-hole collimated detector and coincidence detection of ... more ABSTRACT Comparison is done between single-hole collimated detector and coincidence detection of imbedded radioactivity in tissue-equivalent phantom. Planar isocount distribution is plotted using a computer program for different gamma-radiation energies up to 0.662 MeV. The improvement in spatial resolution and efficiency is studied for a single source and for multiple sources in air and in phantom. Results show that coincidence detection is much more sensitive than single detector to depth variations and to the separation distance between different radioactive sources.

Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry, 2012

A Fullerene based system is modified in order to increase its solubility and enhance its ability ... more A Fullerene based system is modified in order to increase its solubility and enhance its ability to carry a protein-like structure. The modified structure, which is proposed to act as HIV-1 protease inhibitor, is [C₆₀-C2H4N-(2,4- XCOCH₂OH)C₆H₄], where the X atom is either O, S or Se. The geometry optimization, vibrational spectra and thermodynamics were performed using semiempirical quantum mechanical PM3 method in order to study the proposed compounds. Furthermore, the quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) properties of the compounds are calculated at the same level of theory. Results indicate a possible use of the investigated structures as HIV-1 protease inhibitors. The compounds containing oxygen is more stable as compared to the other two compounds.

Medicinal Chemistry, 2012

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2010

Physics in Medicine and …, 1999

Design of medical imaging devices based on the detection of low-angle coherent scattering is a su... more Design of medical imaging devices based on the detection of low-angle coherent scattering is a subject of increasing interest. The technique is based on the differences in the distribution of photons coherently scattered from different body tissues. Coherent scattering is also useful in monitoring changes that may occur in a healthy tissue (e.g. carcinoma). In this work, low angle scattering properties of some tissues and tissue-equivalent materials are studied. Special care is given to the possibility of distinguishing between tissues of similar water content (e.g. muscle and blood). For this purpose, a Monte Carlo simulation is updated, introducing molecular form factor data, which include molecular interference effects. This program is used to simulate the angular distribution of scattered photons from two tissue-equivalent materials (lucite and water) and three biological samples (muscle, fat and blood). Simulation results agree well with previously measured angular distributions of scattered photons at 59.54 keV. Scattering from water and lucite is also measured at 8.047 keV. The effects of scattering geometry, sample thickness, incident photon energy and tissue type on the angular distribution of scattered photons are investigated. Results reveal the potential of measuring the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the scattered photon distribution for tissue characterization. Energies up to 13 keV and sample thickness of 0.3 cm reported maximum differences between investigated samples. These conditions are expected to maximize the potential of using coherent scattering set-ups to monitor changes in biological samples even if their water contents are similar. Present results may act as a guide for the optimization of coherent scattering imaging systems.