Arely Vergara - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Arely Vergara

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Revista de investigación clínica; organo del Hospital de Enfermedades de la Nutrición

The excessive gestational weight gain predisposes to overweight and obesity postpartum, this beco... more The excessive gestational weight gain predisposes to overweight and obesity postpartum, this becomes a worldwide public health problem. To analyze gestational weight pattern and body fat in adolescents and adult women, to identify the group that would have major weight and body fat gain. A prospective cohort study done in 64 adolescent < or = 18 years and 48 adult women. Anthropometric evaluation was realized, at 20, 24, 28, 32, 36 and 38 gestational weeks with weight and body fat percentage. Patients signed letter informed consent. In adolescents weight and BMI were smaller (p < 0.001), and their gestational fat gain was bigger than in the adult women (5.31 vs. 4.12 kg; p < 0.001). Pre-gestational BMI (beta = 0.459, EE = 0.089, p = 0.001), and age group (beta = - 1.400, EE = 0.735, p = 0.060) were associated to fat percentage variability. The adolescents with low weight and BMI > or = 85th percentile showed a greater gain of weight in respect to which is classified as n...

Veterinary Parasitology, 2014

The establishment of Taenia solium adult parasite in the human intestine causes taeniosis. Import... more The establishment of Taenia solium adult parasite in the human intestine causes taeniosis. Importantly, the immunological mechanisms occurring at the interface between the parasite and its host are not fully known. The development of experimental animal models has facilitated the understanding of the host-parasite relationship. In this study we standardized a quantitative RT-PCR method for analyzing hamster messenger RNA for interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukins (IL): IL-4 IL-10, IL-12 and IL-13. This method was then used to evaluate the local cytokine response elicited against the adult parasite at the attachment site in the intestine of infected hamsters. The results showed an intense IFN-γ response, as well as an up-regulation of IL-4 as early as three days post-infection, permanence of IL-10 until the end of the experiment and down regulation of IL-12. These data are in agreement with a bias toward a Th-2 response as the infection progresses.

Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2009

Background Elevated blood pressure at a young age is a predictor of blood pressure elevation late... more Background Elevated blood pressure at a young age is a predictor of blood pressure elevation later in life and has been associated with being overweight. However, it seems that there are other factors related to hypertension in childhood. Objective To determine the anthropometric, physical activity, and dietary factors associated with both systolic and diastolic hypertension in a group of Mexican school-aged children. Design In this cross-sectional descriptive study, blood pressure, anthropometrics, physical activity, and dietary intake (assessed with a multiple-pass 24-hour dietary recall) evaluations were performed on school-aged children from September 2005 to July 2006. Subjects Children aged 8 to 10 years (626 boys and 613 girls) from a convenience sample of 23 public schools of low socioeconomic status in Mexico City were included. Systolic and diastolic hypertension were defined as blood pressure Ն95th percentile for age, sex, and height, with-out diastolic or systolic prehypertension or hypertension, respectively. Mixed hypertension was defined as the presence of both systolic and diastolic hypertension. Statistical analysis Descriptive statistics, 2 tests, analysis of variance, post hoc analysis with Bonferroni method, and logistic regression analysis were performed. Continuous variables are presented as meanϮstandard deviation, categorical variables as percentages, and the association measures as adjusted odds ratios (ORs). A P value Ͻ0.05 was considered statistically significant, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for adjusted ORs.

Journal of Clinical Virology, 2012

Background: The epidemiological patterns of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection, which are str... more Background: The epidemiological patterns of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection, which are strongly associated with climate, are characterized by more frequent infections occurring among children in temperate regions than in the tropics. In temperate regions, varicella exhibits a seasonal cyclic behavior in which the number of cases increases significantly during the winter and spring seasons, further supporting the role of environmental factors in disease transmission. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this distinctive behavior are not fully understood. In Mexico, information regarding the epidemiology of varicella is scarce, and the distribution of VZV infection has not been analyzed. Objectives: In this article we investigate the epidemiological patterns of varicella in Mexico and their relationship with different environmental and demographic factors. Study design: A retrospective study was conducted using the data reported by the National Center of Epidemiological Surveillance and Disease Control. The overall varicella incidence was calculated and associated with temperature, overcrowding, age, gender and population density. Results: The epidemiology of varicella showed an intriguing pattern, in which warmer regions were characterized by higher incidences than in temperate regions. Young children were the most affected age group. There was no correlation between varicella incidence and overcrowding or population density. Conclusions: The epidemiology of varicella in Mexico significantly departs from the characteristic patterns observed in other tropical latitudes, with some features resembling those commonly associated with temperate regions.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2013

Here, we analyze the viral divergence among hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic cases infected with g... more Here, we analyze the viral divergence among hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic cases infected with genotype 1. The intrahost viral evolution was assessed by deep sequencing using the 454 Genome Sequencer platform. The results showed a rapid nucleotide sequence divergence. This notorious short-term viral evolution is of the utmost importance for the study of HCV transmission, because direct links between related samples were virtually lost. Thus, rapid divergence of HCV significantly affects genetic relatedness studies and outbreak investigations.

Health Education Research, 2010

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of an intervention program on the patterns of ph... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of an intervention program on the patterns of physical activity in 8-to 10-year-old Mexican children from lower socioeconomic status. This study performed a randomized controlled field trial in 498 children aged 8-10 years from 10 public schools of low socioeconomic status in Mexico City. Schools were randomly assigned to intervention (n 5 5) or control (n 5 5) groups and followed up during 12 months. Physical and sedentary activities were assessed at the beginning of the program and after 6 and 12 months. At the end of follow-up, there was a significant increase in the performance of moderate physical activity (MPA) among children in intervention group who had not performed MPA at baseline any day of the week (40%, P 5 0.04) but not in the control group (8%, P 5 not significant). The intervention group also showed a significant reduction in the proportion of children who spent more than 3 hours a day playing video games (from 23 to 13%, P 5 0.01), while control group did not show significant changes. Given these findings, we conclude that intervention was able to modify positively physical activity and reduce time spent on such sedentary activities as video games among those at highest risk studied children.

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 2010

Objective The objective of this study was to identify associations in the prevalence of overweigh... more Objective The objective of this study was to identify associations in the prevalence of overweight, obesity and high blood pressure between children and their parents, as well as their eating and physical patterns. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we obtained data on 83 pairs of school-aged children and one of their parents relating to dietary habits and various physical parameters, including the body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure of the children, which were adjusted by age and gender. Both the children and the parents were asked to complete a questionnaire aimed at providing measures of eating behavior. The questions focused on the consumption of fruit and vegetables and soda drinks as well as on physical activity patterns. Parent BMI was calculated from selfreported height and weight values. Results Obesity was diagnosed in 10.8% of the children, and the prevalence of overweight was 28.9%. There was a relationship between a child's weight status and that of his/ her parent according to the BMI; 45% of overweight/obese children had overweight/obese parents. In addition, a parent's fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with his/her child's fruit and vegetable consumption (r = 0.47, p \ 0.001), and both were associated with soda drink consumption in both parents and children (r = 0.30, p \ 0.001). Conclusion Our results confirmed that there is a relationship between the weight status, fruit and vegetable consumption and soda drink intake of children and those of their parents. Environ Health Prev Med (2010) 15:358-366 359

Allergy and Asthma Proceedings, 2013

Asthma has been defined as a disease of chronic airway inflammation in which many cells and cellu... more Asthma has been defined as a disease of chronic airway inflammation in which many cells and cellular products participate with variable degrees of airflow obstruction and hyperresponsiveness that lead to recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. Prominent among these cellular elements are two cell types referred to as the invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and a subpopulation of T cells expressing the molecule CD161, which are both thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Although the presence of iNKT and other CD161 ϩ cells in murine models has been associated with asthma, relatively few studies have been performed in the adult patient with asthma that have been often conflicting and even fewer studies are available in children. The present study was performed to investigate the peripheral blood frequencies of iNKT and CD161 ϩ T cells in children with asthma. A total of 35 children, 19 stable asthmatic patients, 6 who had experienced an asthmatic attack within 24 hours and had not received any treatment, and 10 healthy controls, aged 6 -12 years, were enrolled in the study. iNKT and CD161 ϩ T-cell frequencies in blood were measured together with quantitative levels of IL-4 and interferon (IFN) ␥ using a cytofluorimetric approach. The results show that iNKT cells are increased in pediatric asthmatic patients undergoing exacerbations of asthma. These cells also produced less IFN-␥ and more IL-4 than children with stable asthma and in healthy control children. These results suggest that iNKT cells might participate in the development of the asthmatic exacerbations. The increased production of IL-4 in conjunction with the decrease of IFN-␥ may be mechanistically responsible, at least partially, for the heightening of the immunologic response leading to the asthmatic attack in children. Knowledge of these interactive mechanisms involving the iNKT cell and our understanding of its role in the exacerbation of asthma hold great promise in the development of better diagnostic predictive markers of disease progression as well as new forms of therapeutic interventions.