Arieh Sher - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Arieh Sher
I claim that there is an explanation for Hubble’s constant crisis. The solution is the modificati... more I claim that there is an explanation for Hubble’s constant crisis. The solution is the modification of the Big Bang theory.
Modern physics is facing a profound conundrum. There are two major theories in physics: general r... more Modern physics is facing a profound conundrum. There are two major theories in physics: general relativity and quantum physics. Each of these theories has been proven to be correct with high confidence. Yet, no theory combines both. Specifically, quantum physics does not relate to gravity, whereas gravity is a profound parameter in general relativity.
I claim that gravity is the residual strong nuclear force. In other words, gravity and the strong force are the same.
I claim that traveling faster than light (FTL) is possible, and suggest a concept of an FTL space... more I claim that traveling faster than light (FTL) is possible, and suggest a concept of an FTL spacecraft.
Absolutely. Vacuum space is "something", albeit not similar to any material we know. This "someth... more Absolutely. Vacuum space is "something", albeit not similar to any material we know. This "something" is confirmed by general relativity and quantum mechanics. Vacuum space is the modern equivalent of the aether.
I argue that the JWST findings on early galaxies, along with other discrepancies, cast serious do... more I argue that the JWST findings on early galaxies, along with other discrepancies, cast serious doubt on the validity of the Big Bang theory. The first JWST findings regarding early galaxies were observed only two years ago. These findings are not consistent with the Big Bang theory (BB), which posits that as we look back in time towards the Big Bang, early galaxies should appear small and underdeveloped because there hadn't been enough time for them to evolve. However, the JWST findings have shown the opposite. Early galaxies (approximately 400 million years after the Big Bang) appear fully developed, similar to galaxies like the Milky Way, which is estimated to be around 13.6 billion years old. Some scientists have questioned the validity of the Big Bang theory; however, many are hesitant to dismiss it based on these findings. They argue that our understanding of galaxy formation in the early universe requires refinement. As research continues and new early galaxies are observed, the initial finding that galaxies appear fully developed persists, regardless of the time elapsed since the Big Bang. I suggest here an alternative model of the universe, I designate the Pivot universe, that explains the JWST finding on early galaxies.
Fluid dynamics is valid to describe the behavior of vacuum space only if vacuum space contains so... more Fluid dynamics is valid to describe the behavior of vacuum space only if vacuum space contains some type of fluid. An important parameter in fluid dynamics is the viscosity of the fluid. Currently, the viscosity of vacuum space is unknown. Theoretical work, done by others, results in both high values and low values of the vacuum space viscosity.
I argue that these conflicting values of viscosity are possible if the viscosity of space varies and is dependent on the location it is measured. To this end I first describe the structure of the Pivot universe, relying on general relativity and Newton’s theories. Then I relate to the vacuum space as described in fluid dynamics.
Newton's ether theory, where the ether is a medium through which light travels and celestial bodi... more Newton's ether theory, where the ether is a medium through which light travels and celestial bodies move has been largely rejected in the scientific community because it failed to explain observations. Nevertheless, I claim that this rejection is problematic.
Current physics has no answer as to how to unify special relativity, general relativity, and quan... more Current physics has no answer as to how to unify special relativity, general relativity, and quantum physics into one theory. I claim that this unification is possible if the correct physical structure of the entire universe is considered. I describe in this paper the entire physical structure of the universe.
Is it possible to reconcile Newton's claim that space and time in the universe are two distinct a... more Is it possible to reconcile Newton's claim that space and time in the universe are two distinct and not related entities, whereas Einstein claimed that space and time are inextricably linked in one entity called space-time? Yes, it is possible to reconcile these two claims that at first glance seem to be contradictory. I claim that these terms can be reconciled when taking into account the structure of the entire universe.
Is it possible to reconcile Newton's claim that space and time in the universe are two distinct a... more Is it possible to reconcile Newton's claim that space and time in the universe are two distinct and not related entities, whereas Einstein claimed that space and time are inextricably linked in one entity called space-time? Yes, it is possible to reconcile these two claims that at first glance seem to be contradictory. I claim that these terms can be reconciled when taking into account the structure of the entire universe. Definitions: Time-in Newton's view is a fundamental and absolute entity, that flows uniformly in the entire universe and is independent of anything else in the universe. On the other hand, In Einstein's theory of relativity, time is relative and can be influenced by the speed and gravity of an observer.
Einstein's field equations (EFE) have several solutions. I relate here to Kerr's solution of EFE ... more Einstein's field equations (EFE) have several solutions. I relate here to Kerr's solution of EFE because Kerr describes a known physical phenomenon namely, all celestial bodies spin. The Schwarzschild solution is merely a mathematical solution of EFE because it assumes a non-rotating celestial body.
viXra, 2017
The Pivot theory postulates that our Universe is an isolated island located somewhere in the infi... more The Pivot theory postulates that our Universe is an isolated island located somewhere in the infinite vacuum space. It is composed of two parts: a massive spinning nucleus designated the Pivot and a ring-shaped visible Universe that orbits this Pivot. The Pivot, from the quantum physics point of view, is composed of neutrons and antineutron packed at the highest possible density in the Universe. From the GR point of view, the Pivot is described as a Kerr black hole. Therefore, the ring-shaped visible Universe must reside outside the event horizon of the Pivot. The Pivot theory postulates that our Universe started as a spinning primeval nucleus. This primeval nucleus accumulated mass from the vacuum space energy. The growth of this nucleus stopped when the velocity on its equator surface reached the speed of light and then exploded into two distinct parts: The Pivot and a ring of the visible Universe. The theory is verified against known cosmological observations. For example, the fl...
How can the Sagnac effect be explained by both special relativity and classical physics?
I claim that the Sagnac effect cannot be explained either by special relativity or by classical t... more I claim that the Sagnac effect cannot be explained either by special relativity or by classical theory. But, I claim that this effect can be explained by general relativity.
There is a limit on the mass and size of the black hole. I calculate the mass and size of a black... more There is a limit on the mass and size of the black hole. I calculate the mass and size of a black hole based on two assumptions
- There is a maximal density possible in the universe, and
- There is a limit on the acceleration in the universe. The result is that the maximal mass of a black hole is ~1.2 x 10^54kg.
The Big Bang theory is the prevailing theory in cosmology. But it is facing an awkward situation.... more The Big Bang theory is the prevailing theory in cosmology. But it is facing an awkward situation. It can account for only 5% of the mass in the universe. This is the mass of the visible universe. The other 95% of the mass in the universe is unknown or “dark”.
In this paper, I suggest a modification to the BB that can solve this conundrum.
Dark matter (DM) is a hypothesis suggested by scientists to explain the flattened velocities curv... more Dark matter (DM) is a hypothesis suggested by scientists to explain the flattened velocities curves of stars in galaxies. The observed velocities of stars in galaxies are not in accord with Kepler's law. The hypothesis of dark matter solves mathematically the observations. However, a near-century search for DM has not produced any results. My claim is that there is DM except that an observer located in the visible universe cannot observe it. The DM is concentrated at the center of the matter universe as a massive spinning neutron star. From the general relativity (GR) point of view, this neutron star is a black hole. Therefore, an observer can't observe the neutron star as it is located inside the event horizon of the black hole.
I claim that the JWST findings disprove part of the Big Bang theory (BB). It is to be noted, that... more I claim that the JWST findings disprove part of the Big Bang theory (BB). It is to be noted, that this finding follows additional measurements that raise questions on the validity of the BB. For example, accurate measurements of the Hubble’s constant by separate teams result in two separate constants. Therefore, the BB must be modified. I agree with BB that there was an explosion that created our universe. But it was not an explosion of a singularity point, but rather of a primeval neutron star. After the explosion, the major part of the neutron star remained at its position (I designate this part: the Pivot). The other part created our matter universe. This matter universe has not flown radially in all directions, as claimed by the BB, but rather started to orbit the Pivot.
It will be shown how the Pivot structure can explain recent JWST observations that the maximum redshift of a galaxy in the universe is ~12.5.
Michelson-Morley experiment and Sagnac effect were aimed to solve a long debated and crucial ques... more Michelson-Morley experiment and Sagnac effect were aimed to solve a long debated and crucial question in physics-does the aether exist? But the experiments resulted in two contradictory results-the Michelson-Morley experiment finding was that there is no aether whereas Sagnac showed that the aether exists. Current Physics has no clear answer to this basic and profound conundrum.
viXra, 2020
A new model of our universe can explain the conundrum of supergiant voids in the CMB. Current cos... more A new model of our universe can explain the conundrum of supergiant voids in the CMB. Current cosmology, i.e., Big Bang theory, has no clear explanation for the existence of supergiant voids in the universe. The supergiant voids in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) picture pose a serious problem to the BB theory. The existence of CMB was suggested in the late 1940s and then in 1965 was accidentally detected by Penzias and Wilson. They shared the 1978 Nobel Prize for this discovery. At first, the CMB looked isotropic. Therefore, the discovery has been considered to be landmark evidence for the BB theory. It matched perfectly the BB main assumption that the matter in the universe, at a large scale, is distributed isotopically and homogenously. However, precise measurements of the CMB done later, at micro-Kelvin scales, show temperature variations, in the form of cold spots (colder than ~70micro Kelvin than the average CMB temperature). These observations were found by NASA’s WAMP ...
There is no singularity point in a physical black hole. A singularity point was derived from solv... more There is no singularity point in a physical black hole. A singularity point was derived from solving GR equations. However, it is merely a mathematical construct that does not exist in reality.
I claim that there is an explanation for Hubble’s constant crisis. The solution is the modificati... more I claim that there is an explanation for Hubble’s constant crisis. The solution is the modification of the Big Bang theory.
Modern physics is facing a profound conundrum. There are two major theories in physics: general r... more Modern physics is facing a profound conundrum. There are two major theories in physics: general relativity and quantum physics. Each of these theories has been proven to be correct with high confidence. Yet, no theory combines both. Specifically, quantum physics does not relate to gravity, whereas gravity is a profound parameter in general relativity.
I claim that gravity is the residual strong nuclear force. In other words, gravity and the strong force are the same.
I claim that traveling faster than light (FTL) is possible, and suggest a concept of an FTL space... more I claim that traveling faster than light (FTL) is possible, and suggest a concept of an FTL spacecraft.
Absolutely. Vacuum space is "something", albeit not similar to any material we know. This "someth... more Absolutely. Vacuum space is "something", albeit not similar to any material we know. This "something" is confirmed by general relativity and quantum mechanics. Vacuum space is the modern equivalent of the aether.
I argue that the JWST findings on early galaxies, along with other discrepancies, cast serious do... more I argue that the JWST findings on early galaxies, along with other discrepancies, cast serious doubt on the validity of the Big Bang theory. The first JWST findings regarding early galaxies were observed only two years ago. These findings are not consistent with the Big Bang theory (BB), which posits that as we look back in time towards the Big Bang, early galaxies should appear small and underdeveloped because there hadn't been enough time for them to evolve. However, the JWST findings have shown the opposite. Early galaxies (approximately 400 million years after the Big Bang) appear fully developed, similar to galaxies like the Milky Way, which is estimated to be around 13.6 billion years old. Some scientists have questioned the validity of the Big Bang theory; however, many are hesitant to dismiss it based on these findings. They argue that our understanding of galaxy formation in the early universe requires refinement. As research continues and new early galaxies are observed, the initial finding that galaxies appear fully developed persists, regardless of the time elapsed since the Big Bang. I suggest here an alternative model of the universe, I designate the Pivot universe, that explains the JWST finding on early galaxies.
Fluid dynamics is valid to describe the behavior of vacuum space only if vacuum space contains so... more Fluid dynamics is valid to describe the behavior of vacuum space only if vacuum space contains some type of fluid. An important parameter in fluid dynamics is the viscosity of the fluid. Currently, the viscosity of vacuum space is unknown. Theoretical work, done by others, results in both high values and low values of the vacuum space viscosity.
I argue that these conflicting values of viscosity are possible if the viscosity of space varies and is dependent on the location it is measured. To this end I first describe the structure of the Pivot universe, relying on general relativity and Newton’s theories. Then I relate to the vacuum space as described in fluid dynamics.
Newton's ether theory, where the ether is a medium through which light travels and celestial bodi... more Newton's ether theory, where the ether is a medium through which light travels and celestial bodies move has been largely rejected in the scientific community because it failed to explain observations. Nevertheless, I claim that this rejection is problematic.
Current physics has no answer as to how to unify special relativity, general relativity, and quan... more Current physics has no answer as to how to unify special relativity, general relativity, and quantum physics into one theory. I claim that this unification is possible if the correct physical structure of the entire universe is considered. I describe in this paper the entire physical structure of the universe.
Is it possible to reconcile Newton's claim that space and time in the universe are two distinct a... more Is it possible to reconcile Newton's claim that space and time in the universe are two distinct and not related entities, whereas Einstein claimed that space and time are inextricably linked in one entity called space-time? Yes, it is possible to reconcile these two claims that at first glance seem to be contradictory. I claim that these terms can be reconciled when taking into account the structure of the entire universe.
Is it possible to reconcile Newton's claim that space and time in the universe are two distinct a... more Is it possible to reconcile Newton's claim that space and time in the universe are two distinct and not related entities, whereas Einstein claimed that space and time are inextricably linked in one entity called space-time? Yes, it is possible to reconcile these two claims that at first glance seem to be contradictory. I claim that these terms can be reconciled when taking into account the structure of the entire universe. Definitions: Time-in Newton's view is a fundamental and absolute entity, that flows uniformly in the entire universe and is independent of anything else in the universe. On the other hand, In Einstein's theory of relativity, time is relative and can be influenced by the speed and gravity of an observer.
Einstein's field equations (EFE) have several solutions. I relate here to Kerr's solution of EFE ... more Einstein's field equations (EFE) have several solutions. I relate here to Kerr's solution of EFE because Kerr describes a known physical phenomenon namely, all celestial bodies spin. The Schwarzschild solution is merely a mathematical solution of EFE because it assumes a non-rotating celestial body.
viXra, 2017
The Pivot theory postulates that our Universe is an isolated island located somewhere in the infi... more The Pivot theory postulates that our Universe is an isolated island located somewhere in the infinite vacuum space. It is composed of two parts: a massive spinning nucleus designated the Pivot and a ring-shaped visible Universe that orbits this Pivot. The Pivot, from the quantum physics point of view, is composed of neutrons and antineutron packed at the highest possible density in the Universe. From the GR point of view, the Pivot is described as a Kerr black hole. Therefore, the ring-shaped visible Universe must reside outside the event horizon of the Pivot. The Pivot theory postulates that our Universe started as a spinning primeval nucleus. This primeval nucleus accumulated mass from the vacuum space energy. The growth of this nucleus stopped when the velocity on its equator surface reached the speed of light and then exploded into two distinct parts: The Pivot and a ring of the visible Universe. The theory is verified against known cosmological observations. For example, the fl...
How can the Sagnac effect be explained by both special relativity and classical physics?
I claim that the Sagnac effect cannot be explained either by special relativity or by classical t... more I claim that the Sagnac effect cannot be explained either by special relativity or by classical theory. But, I claim that this effect can be explained by general relativity.
There is a limit on the mass and size of the black hole. I calculate the mass and size of a black... more There is a limit on the mass and size of the black hole. I calculate the mass and size of a black hole based on two assumptions
- There is a maximal density possible in the universe, and
- There is a limit on the acceleration in the universe. The result is that the maximal mass of a black hole is ~1.2 x 10^54kg.
The Big Bang theory is the prevailing theory in cosmology. But it is facing an awkward situation.... more The Big Bang theory is the prevailing theory in cosmology. But it is facing an awkward situation. It can account for only 5% of the mass in the universe. This is the mass of the visible universe. The other 95% of the mass in the universe is unknown or “dark”.
In this paper, I suggest a modification to the BB that can solve this conundrum.
Dark matter (DM) is a hypothesis suggested by scientists to explain the flattened velocities curv... more Dark matter (DM) is a hypothesis suggested by scientists to explain the flattened velocities curves of stars in galaxies. The observed velocities of stars in galaxies are not in accord with Kepler's law. The hypothesis of dark matter solves mathematically the observations. However, a near-century search for DM has not produced any results. My claim is that there is DM except that an observer located in the visible universe cannot observe it. The DM is concentrated at the center of the matter universe as a massive spinning neutron star. From the general relativity (GR) point of view, this neutron star is a black hole. Therefore, an observer can't observe the neutron star as it is located inside the event horizon of the black hole.
I claim that the JWST findings disprove part of the Big Bang theory (BB). It is to be noted, that... more I claim that the JWST findings disprove part of the Big Bang theory (BB). It is to be noted, that this finding follows additional measurements that raise questions on the validity of the BB. For example, accurate measurements of the Hubble’s constant by separate teams result in two separate constants. Therefore, the BB must be modified. I agree with BB that there was an explosion that created our universe. But it was not an explosion of a singularity point, but rather of a primeval neutron star. After the explosion, the major part of the neutron star remained at its position (I designate this part: the Pivot). The other part created our matter universe. This matter universe has not flown radially in all directions, as claimed by the BB, but rather started to orbit the Pivot.
It will be shown how the Pivot structure can explain recent JWST observations that the maximum redshift of a galaxy in the universe is ~12.5.
Michelson-Morley experiment and Sagnac effect were aimed to solve a long debated and crucial ques... more Michelson-Morley experiment and Sagnac effect were aimed to solve a long debated and crucial question in physics-does the aether exist? But the experiments resulted in two contradictory results-the Michelson-Morley experiment finding was that there is no aether whereas Sagnac showed that the aether exists. Current Physics has no clear answer to this basic and profound conundrum.
viXra, 2020
A new model of our universe can explain the conundrum of supergiant voids in the CMB. Current cos... more A new model of our universe can explain the conundrum of supergiant voids in the CMB. Current cosmology, i.e., Big Bang theory, has no clear explanation for the existence of supergiant voids in the universe. The supergiant voids in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) picture pose a serious problem to the BB theory. The existence of CMB was suggested in the late 1940s and then in 1965 was accidentally detected by Penzias and Wilson. They shared the 1978 Nobel Prize for this discovery. At first, the CMB looked isotropic. Therefore, the discovery has been considered to be landmark evidence for the BB theory. It matched perfectly the BB main assumption that the matter in the universe, at a large scale, is distributed isotopically and homogenously. However, precise measurements of the CMB done later, at micro-Kelvin scales, show temperature variations, in the form of cold spots (colder than ~70micro Kelvin than the average CMB temperature). These observations were found by NASA’s WAMP ...
There is no singularity point in a physical black hole. A singularity point was derived from solv... more There is no singularity point in a physical black hole. A singularity point was derived from solving GR equations. However, it is merely a mathematical construct that does not exist in reality.