Ario Ruprecht - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Ario Ruprecht
La misurazione in tempo reale del particolato fine prodotto da fumo di sigaretta negli ambienti indoor: risultati di uno studio pilota
… e Prevenzione Gennaio- …
Una nuova tecnologia laser permette di analizzare in continuo la concentrazione del particolato n... more Una nuova tecnologia laser permette di analizzare in continuo la concentrazione del particolato nell'aria ambiente per mezzo di strumenti portatili e consente di quantificare facilmente le polveri fini prodotte dal fumo di tabacco liberato negli ambienti indoor. In questo studio pilota ...
Feasibility of a Detailed Mapping of Urban Particulate Matter Pollution with Real Time Portable Analyzers: Detecting Exposure “Hotspots” in the City of Milan
Impact of the Milan Traffic Charging Scheme on Particulate Matter Pollution
Outdoor Particulate Matter Monitoring with a Real Time Portable Analyzer: A Performance Comparison with a Network of Official Fixed Gravimetric Stations in the Area of Milan, Italy
Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, 2004
Aim of the study: There are International and National standards that requires hospitals and heal... more Aim of the study: There are International and National standards that requires hospitals and health premises to be smoke-free. According to recent data from Italy and other European Countries, smoking is a widespread habit in hospitals. To get smoke-free hospitals in an Italian region, we have adopted the European Code for smoke-free hospitals, which sets standards and provides instruments for its implementation. According to the Code, whenever possible, each step towards a smoke-free hospital, should be shared by all staff. As a mean for achieving this goal, in our region the certification of single units as smoke-free units has been chosen. For getting the certification, besides implementing the Code, we planned to use ETS (Environmental Tobacco Smoke) monitoring, as ETS should not be present in hospitals. As a marker of ETS we have chosen Particulate Matter (PM), as it can easily be measured in real-time with a portable instrument and, when other - even outdoor - sources of combu...
Air Quality in Subway Platforms and Carriages of Six Major Cities
Epidemiology
European Respiratory Journal, 2006
WP7: Secondhand tobacco smoke in experimental and real-life conditions: comparison of methods of measurement
Results of Monitoring Campaign About the Impact of No-Traffic Sundays on Athmospheric Pollution: A Scientific Breaking News for the City of Milan
SUNDAYS ON ATHMOSPHERIC POLLUTION: A SCIENTIFIC BREAKING NEWS FOR THE CITY OF MILAN Giovanni Inve... more SUNDAYS ON ATHMOSPHERIC POLLUTION: A SCIENTIFIC BREAKING NEWS FOR THE CITY OF MILAN Giovanni Invernizzi, LARS, Environmental Research Laboratory SIMG-Italian College GPS Cinzia De Marco, ISDE-International Doctors for the Environment, Milan, Italy Roberto Mazza, ISDE-International Doctors for the Environment, Milan, Italy Constantinos Sioutas, University of Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA Dane Westerdhal, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Grisa Mocnik, Aerosol d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenia Ario A. Ruprecht, LARS, Environmental Research Laboratory SIMG-Italian College GPS
Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts, 2014
Emission of organic compounds and metals from electronic cigarettes are quantified.
Atmospheric Environment, 2011
Traffic restrictions are an unpopular tool to mitigate urban air pollution, and a measurable impr... more Traffic restrictions are an unpopular tool to mitigate urban air pollution, and a measurable improvement in air quality is needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of this measure. Previous attempts failed to detect measurable reductions of PM mass pollution within the areas subject to traffic restriction. However black carbon, which is emitted primarily by traffic sources, could be a PM metric more suitable than PM mass to demonstrate pollutant reductions. In this study we report the results of a black carbon monitoring campaign carried out in Milan, Italy, with the aim to detect -and demonstrate more suitably than PM mass -differences in local urban air quality among three zones located very closely with different traffic intensity. The study was carried out in three different days by measuring simultaneously black carbon and PM mass concentrations with fixed monitoring stations located in three main radial roads connecting the outskirts to the city center, each with three segments: 1) an outer one, with no traffic restrictions 2) an intermediate one, subject to the congestion traffic charge called "Ecopass", where a ticket is required to enter for cars equipped with engines prior to Euro 4 standard; 3) the pedestrian zone (no cars admitted) of Duomo Square in the city center, where each of the three main roads ends. The results demonstrated a sharply declining gradient in black carbon levels from the outer zone, without traffic restrictions, to the more central areas, for all of the three radial main roads. The differences in mean black carbon levels in the same day in the different traffic scheme locations were highly significant for each comparison. In contrast to the Black carbon results, mean PM 10 , PM 2.5 , PM 1 concentrations did not show significant differences among the different traffic zones on the different campaign days. The ratio of black carbon to PM 10 decreased by 47% and 62% in the Ecopass zone and in the pedestrian zone, respectively, as compared to the no-restriction zone. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study showing that within-city proximal areas with different traffic intensity are associated with different black carbon levels. These data suggest that black carbon is a highly relevant metric of traffic pollution and should be taken into consideration in demonstrating the effectiveness of air quality mitigation measures.
Preliminary Characterization of Real Time PM Mass and Composition Profile in Smokes from Different Sources: Cigarette, Incense Sticks, Potato Frying and Urban Pollution
ISEE Conference Abstracts, Sep 13, 2011
Observed smoking in car: results of a study of the Regional Health Prevention Service of Veneto, Northern Italy
Epidemiologia & Prevenzione
to estimate the prevalence of smokers inside cars or duty vehicles and the presence of children e... more to estimate the prevalence of smokers inside cars or duty vehicles and the presence of children exposed to second hand smoke on board, in the NHS districts of Veneto Region. an observational study was carried out by the technicians of the Prevention department from October 1st to October 17th 2008. The observers had to record sex of the driver and of the passengers, their presumed ages, verify if drivers or passengers were smoking, and if there were any children on board. 19 Local Health Authorities (90,5%) out of 21 in the Veneto region. percentage of crossings monitored out of the total scheduled. a total of 5,928 cars were examined at the crossings, males accounted for 61,4% of the drivers. Smoking overall by at least one person in the car was reported in 409 cases (6.9%, 12% among commercial vehicles), the driver alone was smoking in 87.3% of the cases, whereas only the passenger smoking represented 8.3% of the cases. Both the driver and passenger smoking were 4.4% of the observ...
bacco Control Unit, Istituto Nazionale
for the study support: Paolo Paredi,
[The effects of the traffic restriction fee (Ecopass) in the center of Milan on urban pollution with particulate matter: the results of a pilot study]
Epidemiologia e prevenzione, 2009
BACKGROUND the city of Milan introduced a traffic charging zone in city center in January 2008, n... more BACKGROUND the city of Milan introduced a traffic charging zone in city center in January 2008, named Ecopass. AIM OF THE STUDY to compare PM1, PM2,5 and PM10 levels in and outside the restricted area before and after the enforcement of the charging scheme. METHODS PM1, PM2,5 and PM10 exposures were measured by means of pre-calibrated portable laser-operated particle analyzers. PM10 data from the ARPA official monitoring stations were also evaluated. RESULTS during a walking trip from Piazza Loreto (outside) to Piazza Duomo (inside Ecopass zone) and back, mean (SD) PM1, PM2,5 and PM10 were 31 (6), 68 (24) and 93 (37) microg/m3 inside the Ecopass zone, and 32 (6), 70 (37), 98 (48) microg/m3 in the outer area, respectively (not significant, ns). In another trip walking from Piazza Buonarroti to Piazza Duomo and back, PM1, PM2,5 and PM10 levels were 56 (2), 183 (14) and 245 (28) microg/m3 inside the Ecopass zone, and 58 (3), 197 (13) and 247 (24) microg/m3 in the outer area, respective...
[Smoking in car: monitoring pollution of particulate matter, of organic volatile compounds and of carbon monoxide. The effect of opening the driver's window]
Epidemiologia e prevenzione, 2010
OBJECTIVE to identify the most suitable marker for monitoring ETS inside a moving car, and to ver... more OBJECTIVE to identify the most suitable marker for monitoring ETS inside a moving car, and to verify the efficacy of window opening to reduce ETS pollution inside the car. DESIGN experimental pilot study. SSETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: monitoring of ETS markers in a moving car. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES we used real time analyzers to measure: n particulate matter as mass (mug/m3, PM1, PM2.5, PM10); n suspended particle number (total number of particles sized >0.3 e >0.4 mum; n the number of particles with aerodynamic size between 0.3-0.4 mum in diameter; n total volatile organic compounds (TVOC); n carbon monoxide (CO). The recordings were carried out inside a car moving on the road at the speed of 50 km/h, with controlled conditions of temperature and relative humidity. RESULTS after lighting a cigarette, with driver's window closed, the levels of all the pollutants increased dramatically, with peaks of 700 mug/m3 for PM2.5 and PM10, and of over 600,000 particles/ liter, while T...
Comparison between particulate matter mass, number of particles, ultrafine particle and black car... more Comparison between particulate matter mass, number of particles, ultrafine particle and black carbon emissions by electronic and normal cigarettes in real-life conditions Ario Alberto Ruprecht1,2, Cinzia De Marco1, Paolo Pozzi1, Elena Munarini1, Roberto Mazza1,3, Giorgia Angellotti1, Francesca Turla1, Roberto Boffi1 1 Tobacco Control Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan; 2 LARS, Environmental Research laboratory, SIMG (Società Italiana di Medicina Generale, Italian College GPs), Florence, Italy; 3 Patient Information Service, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan,Italy. Ario Alberto Ruprecht and Cinzia De Marco contributed equally to this work Mailing address: aaruprecht@gmail.com, Phone: +39-3485828441, E-mail: cinzia.demarco@istitutotumori.mi.it
Investigation of PM2.5 oxidative potential in the Milan metropolitan area: Impacts of biomass burning emissions
Occupational and environmental health
La misurazione in tempo reale del particolato fine prodotto da fumo di sigaretta negli ambienti indoor: risultati di uno studio pilota
… e Prevenzione Gennaio- …
Una nuova tecnologia laser permette di analizzare in continuo la concentrazione del particolato n... more Una nuova tecnologia laser permette di analizzare in continuo la concentrazione del particolato nell'aria ambiente per mezzo di strumenti portatili e consente di quantificare facilmente le polveri fini prodotte dal fumo di tabacco liberato negli ambienti indoor. In questo studio pilota ...
Feasibility of a Detailed Mapping of Urban Particulate Matter Pollution with Real Time Portable Analyzers: Detecting Exposure “Hotspots” in the City of Milan
Impact of the Milan Traffic Charging Scheme on Particulate Matter Pollution
Outdoor Particulate Matter Monitoring with a Real Time Portable Analyzer: A Performance Comparison with a Network of Official Fixed Gravimetric Stations in the Area of Milan, Italy
Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, 2004
Aim of the study: There are International and National standards that requires hospitals and heal... more Aim of the study: There are International and National standards that requires hospitals and health premises to be smoke-free. According to recent data from Italy and other European Countries, smoking is a widespread habit in hospitals. To get smoke-free hospitals in an Italian region, we have adopted the European Code for smoke-free hospitals, which sets standards and provides instruments for its implementation. According to the Code, whenever possible, each step towards a smoke-free hospital, should be shared by all staff. As a mean for achieving this goal, in our region the certification of single units as smoke-free units has been chosen. For getting the certification, besides implementing the Code, we planned to use ETS (Environmental Tobacco Smoke) monitoring, as ETS should not be present in hospitals. As a marker of ETS we have chosen Particulate Matter (PM), as it can easily be measured in real-time with a portable instrument and, when other - even outdoor - sources of combu...
Air Quality in Subway Platforms and Carriages of Six Major Cities
Epidemiology
European Respiratory Journal, 2006
WP7: Secondhand tobacco smoke in experimental and real-life conditions: comparison of methods of measurement
Results of Monitoring Campaign About the Impact of No-Traffic Sundays on Athmospheric Pollution: A Scientific Breaking News for the City of Milan
SUNDAYS ON ATHMOSPHERIC POLLUTION: A SCIENTIFIC BREAKING NEWS FOR THE CITY OF MILAN Giovanni Inve... more SUNDAYS ON ATHMOSPHERIC POLLUTION: A SCIENTIFIC BREAKING NEWS FOR THE CITY OF MILAN Giovanni Invernizzi, LARS, Environmental Research Laboratory SIMG-Italian College GPS Cinzia De Marco, ISDE-International Doctors for the Environment, Milan, Italy Roberto Mazza, ISDE-International Doctors for the Environment, Milan, Italy Constantinos Sioutas, University of Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA Dane Westerdhal, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Grisa Mocnik, Aerosol d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenia Ario A. Ruprecht, LARS, Environmental Research Laboratory SIMG-Italian College GPS
Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts, 2014
Emission of organic compounds and metals from electronic cigarettes are quantified.
Atmospheric Environment, 2011
Traffic restrictions are an unpopular tool to mitigate urban air pollution, and a measurable impr... more Traffic restrictions are an unpopular tool to mitigate urban air pollution, and a measurable improvement in air quality is needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of this measure. Previous attempts failed to detect measurable reductions of PM mass pollution within the areas subject to traffic restriction. However black carbon, which is emitted primarily by traffic sources, could be a PM metric more suitable than PM mass to demonstrate pollutant reductions. In this study we report the results of a black carbon monitoring campaign carried out in Milan, Italy, with the aim to detect -and demonstrate more suitably than PM mass -differences in local urban air quality among three zones located very closely with different traffic intensity. The study was carried out in three different days by measuring simultaneously black carbon and PM mass concentrations with fixed monitoring stations located in three main radial roads connecting the outskirts to the city center, each with three segments: 1) an outer one, with no traffic restrictions 2) an intermediate one, subject to the congestion traffic charge called "Ecopass", where a ticket is required to enter for cars equipped with engines prior to Euro 4 standard; 3) the pedestrian zone (no cars admitted) of Duomo Square in the city center, where each of the three main roads ends. The results demonstrated a sharply declining gradient in black carbon levels from the outer zone, without traffic restrictions, to the more central areas, for all of the three radial main roads. The differences in mean black carbon levels in the same day in the different traffic scheme locations were highly significant for each comparison. In contrast to the Black carbon results, mean PM 10 , PM 2.5 , PM 1 concentrations did not show significant differences among the different traffic zones on the different campaign days. The ratio of black carbon to PM 10 decreased by 47% and 62% in the Ecopass zone and in the pedestrian zone, respectively, as compared to the no-restriction zone. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study showing that within-city proximal areas with different traffic intensity are associated with different black carbon levels. These data suggest that black carbon is a highly relevant metric of traffic pollution and should be taken into consideration in demonstrating the effectiveness of air quality mitigation measures.
Preliminary Characterization of Real Time PM Mass and Composition Profile in Smokes from Different Sources: Cigarette, Incense Sticks, Potato Frying and Urban Pollution
ISEE Conference Abstracts, Sep 13, 2011
Observed smoking in car: results of a study of the Regional Health Prevention Service of Veneto, Northern Italy
Epidemiologia & Prevenzione
to estimate the prevalence of smokers inside cars or duty vehicles and the presence of children e... more to estimate the prevalence of smokers inside cars or duty vehicles and the presence of children exposed to second hand smoke on board, in the NHS districts of Veneto Region. an observational study was carried out by the technicians of the Prevention department from October 1st to October 17th 2008. The observers had to record sex of the driver and of the passengers, their presumed ages, verify if drivers or passengers were smoking, and if there were any children on board. 19 Local Health Authorities (90,5%) out of 21 in the Veneto region. percentage of crossings monitored out of the total scheduled. a total of 5,928 cars were examined at the crossings, males accounted for 61,4% of the drivers. Smoking overall by at least one person in the car was reported in 409 cases (6.9%, 12% among commercial vehicles), the driver alone was smoking in 87.3% of the cases, whereas only the passenger smoking represented 8.3% of the cases. Both the driver and passenger smoking were 4.4% of the observ...
bacco Control Unit, Istituto Nazionale
for the study support: Paolo Paredi,
[The effects of the traffic restriction fee (Ecopass) in the center of Milan on urban pollution with particulate matter: the results of a pilot study]
Epidemiologia e prevenzione, 2009
BACKGROUND the city of Milan introduced a traffic charging zone in city center in January 2008, n... more BACKGROUND the city of Milan introduced a traffic charging zone in city center in January 2008, named Ecopass. AIM OF THE STUDY to compare PM1, PM2,5 and PM10 levels in and outside the restricted area before and after the enforcement of the charging scheme. METHODS PM1, PM2,5 and PM10 exposures were measured by means of pre-calibrated portable laser-operated particle analyzers. PM10 data from the ARPA official monitoring stations were also evaluated. RESULTS during a walking trip from Piazza Loreto (outside) to Piazza Duomo (inside Ecopass zone) and back, mean (SD) PM1, PM2,5 and PM10 were 31 (6), 68 (24) and 93 (37) microg/m3 inside the Ecopass zone, and 32 (6), 70 (37), 98 (48) microg/m3 in the outer area, respectively (not significant, ns). In another trip walking from Piazza Buonarroti to Piazza Duomo and back, PM1, PM2,5 and PM10 levels were 56 (2), 183 (14) and 245 (28) microg/m3 inside the Ecopass zone, and 58 (3), 197 (13) and 247 (24) microg/m3 in the outer area, respective...
[Smoking in car: monitoring pollution of particulate matter, of organic volatile compounds and of carbon monoxide. The effect of opening the driver's window]
Epidemiologia e prevenzione, 2010
OBJECTIVE to identify the most suitable marker for monitoring ETS inside a moving car, and to ver... more OBJECTIVE to identify the most suitable marker for monitoring ETS inside a moving car, and to verify the efficacy of window opening to reduce ETS pollution inside the car. DESIGN experimental pilot study. SSETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: monitoring of ETS markers in a moving car. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES we used real time analyzers to measure: n particulate matter as mass (mug/m3, PM1, PM2.5, PM10); n suspended particle number (total number of particles sized >0.3 e >0.4 mum; n the number of particles with aerodynamic size between 0.3-0.4 mum in diameter; n total volatile organic compounds (TVOC); n carbon monoxide (CO). The recordings were carried out inside a car moving on the road at the speed of 50 km/h, with controlled conditions of temperature and relative humidity. RESULTS after lighting a cigarette, with driver's window closed, the levels of all the pollutants increased dramatically, with peaks of 700 mug/m3 for PM2.5 and PM10, and of over 600,000 particles/ liter, while T...
Comparison between particulate matter mass, number of particles, ultrafine particle and black car... more Comparison between particulate matter mass, number of particles, ultrafine particle and black carbon emissions by electronic and normal cigarettes in real-life conditions Ario Alberto Ruprecht1,2, Cinzia De Marco1, Paolo Pozzi1, Elena Munarini1, Roberto Mazza1,3, Giorgia Angellotti1, Francesca Turla1, Roberto Boffi1 1 Tobacco Control Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan; 2 LARS, Environmental Research laboratory, SIMG (Società Italiana di Medicina Generale, Italian College GPs), Florence, Italy; 3 Patient Information Service, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan,Italy. Ario Alberto Ruprecht and Cinzia De Marco contributed equally to this work Mailing address: aaruprecht@gmail.com, Phone: +39-3485828441, E-mail: cinzia.demarco@istitutotumori.mi.it
Investigation of PM2.5 oxidative potential in the Milan metropolitan area: Impacts of biomass burning emissions
Occupational and environmental health