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Papers by Aristide MABALI

State fragility in Chad has been narrowly associated with insecurity due to a long cycle of viole... more State fragility in Chad has been narrowly associated with insecurity due to a long cycle of violent conflict and recurrent droughts, leading to low social development. In this paper, we have investigated the impact of women’s empowerment on household social expenditures using data from the Chadian household consumption and informal sector survey carried out in 2011, and Propensity Score Matching as empirical model. The social expenditures used as outcome variables are education, health and food. We find that social expenditures are higher when a household is headed by a woman than when it is headed by a man with similar observed characteristics. In particular, differences between female-headed households and male-headed households are higher in food expenditures after controlling for observed characteristics (covariates). The results also show that there is a composition effect in household expenditure. While female-headed households spend their incomes in social sectors (health, fo...

In 2003, Chadian authorities passed the Law N° 001/PR/1999, establishing rules for allocating and... more In 2003, Chadian authorities passed the Law N° 001/PR/1999, establishing rules for allocating and managing the expected oil royalties from the Doba Oil project. The oil producing region’s share amounts to 5% of oil revenues under this law in addition to other benefits related to its status in order to mitigate negative effects of the oil project. Many field studies attempted to assess poverty situation in this region. Yet, no rigorous method of impact assessment has been employed. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the poverty profile in this region, by combining a double difference estimator with propensity score matching methods. Using data from the «Survey on Consumption and the Informal Sector in Chad» carried out in 2003 and 2011, our results tend to show that the monetary poverty increased in the oil producing region compared to control regions. We find no evidence that the nonmonetary poverty decreased in the producing region, as the important investments in social infrast...

Oil resources have enabled Chad to increase public financing for education and to achieve high ec... more Oil resources have enabled Chad to increase public financing for education and to achieve high economic growth rates. Regarding these policies to supporting the education sector, we assume that the standard of living of households does not explain the school attendance. We test empirically this hypothesis using data from the MICS conducted in 2010 and Education Statistical Yearbooks. Using a bivariate probit model, the results show that school attendance and child labor depend of households’ standard of living after controlling for other relevant characteristics. In particular, a child from a non-poor household has a lower (higher) probability to be involved in the child labor (enrolled in school) compared to a child from a poor household. Although these results are classical in the economic literature, they are rather surprising in the case of Chad regarding the priority given to education by authorities. We identify four possible explanations, (i) the low level of these investment...

Cette these presente un ensemble de travaux de recherche en economie politique qui s’inscrivent d... more Cette these presente un ensemble de travaux de recherche en economie politique qui s’inscrivent dans le champ contemporain de la litterature sur la malediction des ressources naturelles dans les pays en developpement. Elle s’interesse specifiquement aux liens entre les rentes des ressources naturelles et les institutions politiques et les conflits, puis entre les rentes et la pauvrete sous ses differentes formes. Son champ geographique se situe a plusieurs niveaux, international pour un groupe de pays en developpement, monographique et infranational pour le Tchad et ses regions. La premiere partie, en s’inspirant des theories des changements institutionnels, teste l’hypothese que les rentes issues de differentes ressources naturelles ont des effets differencies sur la qualite des institutions dans les pays en developpement. Par la suite, elle teste l’hypothese d’un « systeme de conflit regional » dans le Triangle Republique Centrafricaine, Tchad et Soudan. La deuxieme partie evalue ...

Cette thèse présente un ensemble de travaux de recherche en économie politique qui s’inscrivent d... more Cette thèse présente un ensemble de travaux de recherche en économie politique qui s’inscrivent dans le champ contemporain de la littérature sur la malédiction des ressources naturelles dans les pays en développement. Elle s’intéresse spécifiquement aux liens entre les rentes des ressources naturelles et les institutions politiques et les conflits, puis entre les rentes et la pauvreté sous ses différentes formes. Son champ géographique se situe à plusieurs niveaux, international pour un groupe de pays en développement, monographique et infranational pour le Tchad et ses régions. La première partie, en s’inspirant des théories des changements institutionnels, teste l’hypothèse que les rentes issues de différentes ressources naturelles ont des effets différenciés sur la qualité des institutions dans les pays en développement. Par la suite, elle teste l’hypothèse d’un « système de conflit régional » dans le Triangle République Centrafricaine, Tchad et Soudan. La deuxième partie évalue ...

Journal of Economic Development

Rents generated by natural resources are usually thought to weaken the quality of institutions, p... more Rents generated by natural resources are usually thought to weaken the quality of institutions, particularly in developing countries. Our hypothesis is that this effect may differ depending on the types of natural resources characterized by their different degree of appropriability. We test this hypothesis using panel data covering 90 developing countries for the period 1970-2010. We find that total rents weaken the quality of institutions. However, while oil rents have a significant negative effect, forest and mineral rents do not, after controlling for the other relevant determinants of institutional quality, institutional persistence, neighbor effect, and endogeneity of rents.

State fragility in Chad has been narrowly associated with insecurity due to a long cycle of viole... more State fragility in Chad has been narrowly associated with insecurity due to a long cycle of violent conflict and recurrent droughts, leading to low social development. In this paper, we have investigated the impact of women’s empowerment on household social expenditures using data from the Chadian household consumption and informal sector survey carried out in 2011, and Propensity Score Matching as empirical model. The social expenditures used as outcome variables are education, health and food. We find that social expenditures are higher when a household is headed by a woman than when it is headed by a man with similar observed characteristics. In particular, differences between female-headed households and male-headed households are higher in food expenditures after controlling for observed characteristics (covariates). The results also show that there is a composition effect in household expenditure. While female-headed households spend their incomes in social sectors (health, fo...

In 2003, Chadian authorities passed the Law N° 001/PR/1999, establishing rules for allocating and... more In 2003, Chadian authorities passed the Law N° 001/PR/1999, establishing rules for allocating and managing the expected oil royalties from the Doba Oil project. The oil producing region’s share amounts to 5% of oil revenues under this law in addition to other benefits related to its status in order to mitigate negative effects of the oil project. Many field studies attempted to assess poverty situation in this region. Yet, no rigorous method of impact assessment has been employed. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the poverty profile in this region, by combining a double difference estimator with propensity score matching methods. Using data from the «Survey on Consumption and the Informal Sector in Chad» carried out in 2003 and 2011, our results tend to show that the monetary poverty increased in the oil producing region compared to control regions. We find no evidence that the nonmonetary poverty decreased in the producing region, as the important investments in social infrast...

Oil resources have enabled Chad to increase public financing for education and to achieve high ec... more Oil resources have enabled Chad to increase public financing for education and to achieve high economic growth rates. Regarding these policies to supporting the education sector, we assume that the standard of living of households does not explain the school attendance. We test empirically this hypothesis using data from the MICS conducted in 2010 and Education Statistical Yearbooks. Using a bivariate probit model, the results show that school attendance and child labor depend of households’ standard of living after controlling for other relevant characteristics. In particular, a child from a non-poor household has a lower (higher) probability to be involved in the child labor (enrolled in school) compared to a child from a poor household. Although these results are classical in the economic literature, they are rather surprising in the case of Chad regarding the priority given to education by authorities. We identify four possible explanations, (i) the low level of these investment...

Cette these presente un ensemble de travaux de recherche en economie politique qui s’inscrivent d... more Cette these presente un ensemble de travaux de recherche en economie politique qui s’inscrivent dans le champ contemporain de la litterature sur la malediction des ressources naturelles dans les pays en developpement. Elle s’interesse specifiquement aux liens entre les rentes des ressources naturelles et les institutions politiques et les conflits, puis entre les rentes et la pauvrete sous ses differentes formes. Son champ geographique se situe a plusieurs niveaux, international pour un groupe de pays en developpement, monographique et infranational pour le Tchad et ses regions. La premiere partie, en s’inspirant des theories des changements institutionnels, teste l’hypothese que les rentes issues de differentes ressources naturelles ont des effets differencies sur la qualite des institutions dans les pays en developpement. Par la suite, elle teste l’hypothese d’un « systeme de conflit regional » dans le Triangle Republique Centrafricaine, Tchad et Soudan. La deuxieme partie evalue ...

Cette thèse présente un ensemble de travaux de recherche en économie politique qui s’inscrivent d... more Cette thèse présente un ensemble de travaux de recherche en économie politique qui s’inscrivent dans le champ contemporain de la littérature sur la malédiction des ressources naturelles dans les pays en développement. Elle s’intéresse spécifiquement aux liens entre les rentes des ressources naturelles et les institutions politiques et les conflits, puis entre les rentes et la pauvreté sous ses différentes formes. Son champ géographique se situe à plusieurs niveaux, international pour un groupe de pays en développement, monographique et infranational pour le Tchad et ses régions. La première partie, en s’inspirant des théories des changements institutionnels, teste l’hypothèse que les rentes issues de différentes ressources naturelles ont des effets différenciés sur la qualité des institutions dans les pays en développement. Par la suite, elle teste l’hypothèse d’un « système de conflit régional » dans le Triangle République Centrafricaine, Tchad et Soudan. La deuxième partie évalue ...

Journal of Economic Development

Rents generated by natural resources are usually thought to weaken the quality of institutions, p... more Rents generated by natural resources are usually thought to weaken the quality of institutions, particularly in developing countries. Our hypothesis is that this effect may differ depending on the types of natural resources characterized by their different degree of appropriability. We test this hypothesis using panel data covering 90 developing countries for the period 1970-2010. We find that total rents weaken the quality of institutions. However, while oil rents have a significant negative effect, forest and mineral rents do not, after controlling for the other relevant determinants of institutional quality, institutional persistence, neighbor effect, and endogeneity of rents.