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Research paper thumbnail of Edition Apr 2019 Rising Rate of Ceserean Section in Nepal

Caesarean section is one of the most common and lifesaving surgeries performed in modern obstetri... more Caesarean section is one of the most common and lifesaving surgeries performed in modern obstetrics. In a developing country like Nepal where health care resources are limited, this rising trend definitely has major implication but it is essential to perform when complications arise during pregnancy and labour without this large number of women and their unborn babies die every year, especially in low-income countries. The World Health Organization suggests 10-15% cesarean section rate and has suggested to be done only when justified by a medical condition. It states that, at a population level, if cesarean section rates higher than 10% does not reduce the maternal and neonatal mortality rates, and it should be performed only when medically justified. Otherwise unnecessary health of mother and babies including social and economic implications would challenge childbearing women, babies, their families and the state. Recently in Nepal there is a sharp rising trend of cesarean section ...

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation of Cardiotocography with Intraoperative findings and neonatal outcome in caesarean section for non-reassuring fetal status

Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Aims: To demonstrate the correlation of cardiotocography with intraoperative findings and neonata... more Aims: To demonstrate the correlation of cardiotocography with intraoperative findings and neonatal outcome undergoing emergency cesarean section for non-reassuring fetal status. Methods: It is a hospital based cross sectional study at maternity ward of Shree Birendra Hospital in Kathmandu with non-reassuring CTG who underwent cesarean section in a period of one year. Their CTG were correlated with their intraoperative findings and neonatal outcome such as meconium stained liquor, nuchal cord, Apgar score at birth, NICU admission, perinatal mortality and stillbirth. Results: Fifty four patients were recruited. Most common operative finding was meconium stained liquor (35.2%); and cardiotocographic abnormality was variable Deceleration (37%). Variable deceleration and late deceleration had significant correlation with meconium stain liquor and nuchal cord. Apgar score ≤ 7 at 5 minute was 7.4%. NICU admission was 13% with common abnormality as late Deceleration. Conclusion: CTG pattern...

Research paper thumbnail of Principles and Goals of Public Health

Acta Scientifci Nutritional Health, Dec 5, 2019

Public health is one of the dynamic medical field which is primarily concerned with improving hea... more Public health is one of the dynamic medical field which is primarily concerned with improving health of populations rather than individuals. Public Health in the early twentieth century is defined as the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting human health through organized efforts and informed choices of organization, public, private, communities, society and individuals. Today it is recognized as being integral to 3.

Research paper thumbnail of Fetal outcome in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

American journal of …, 1982

Fetal outcome was evaluated in 157 hypertensive pregnant women whose underlying disease had been ... more Fetal outcome was evaluated in 157 hypertensive pregnant women whose underlying disease had been established by renal biopsy. The patients had pathologic diagnoses of preeclampsia (95), nephrosclerosis (23), nephrosclerosis with superimposed preeclampsia (13), ...

Table 1. Birth weight in relation to hypertension

Research paper thumbnail of Rising Rate of Ceserean Section in Nepal

Texila International Journal of Public Health, 2019

Caesarean section is one of the most common and lifesaving surgeries performed in modern obstetri... more Caesarean section is one of the most common and lifesaving surgeries performed in modern obstetrics. In a developing country like Nepal where health care resources are limited, this rising trend definitely has major implication but it is essential to perform when complications arise during pregnancy and labour without this large number of women and their unborn babies die every year, especially in low-income countries. The World Health Organization suggests 10-15% cesarean section rate and has suggested to be done only when justified by a medical condition2. It states that, at a population level, if cesarean section rates higher than 10% does not reduce the maternal and neonatal mortality rates, and it should be performed only when medically justified. Otherwise unnecessary health of mother and babies including social and economic implications would challenge childbearing women, babies, their families and the state. Recently in Nepal there is a sharp rising trend of cesarean section rates from 20 to 81% in different hospitals especially in the private setting indicating over-medicalization of childbirth unnecessarily performing without medically justified. This arise the issue of human rights violence of childbearing women and professional integrity of a practitioner and safety of the clients. The World Health Organization recommended use of the Robson criteria which would be one of the best strategies in reducing the frequency of the procedure that should include avoidance of medically unnecessary primary cesarean section and improving case selection for induction and prelabour cesarean section besides educating childbearing women and their families about the consequences of unnecessary request of the procedure.
Keywords: Cesarean section; Rate; World health organization, Violence.

Research paper thumbnail of Edition Apr 2019 Rising Rate of Ceserean Section in Nepal

Caesarean section is one of the most common and lifesaving surgeries performed in modern obstetri... more Caesarean section is one of the most common and lifesaving surgeries performed in modern obstetrics. In a developing country like Nepal where health care resources are limited, this rising trend definitely has major implication but it is essential to perform when complications arise during pregnancy and labour without this large number of women and their unborn babies die every year, especially in low-income countries. The World Health Organization suggests 10-15% cesarean section rate and has suggested to be done only when justified by a medical condition. It states that, at a population level, if cesarean section rates higher than 10% does not reduce the maternal and neonatal mortality rates, and it should be performed only when medically justified. Otherwise unnecessary health of mother and babies including social and economic implications would challenge childbearing women, babies, their families and the state. Recently in Nepal there is a sharp rising trend of cesarean section ...

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation of Cardiotocography with Intraoperative findings and neonatal outcome in caesarean section for non-reassuring fetal status

Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Aims: To demonstrate the correlation of cardiotocography with intraoperative findings and neonata... more Aims: To demonstrate the correlation of cardiotocography with intraoperative findings and neonatal outcome undergoing emergency cesarean section for non-reassuring fetal status. Methods: It is a hospital based cross sectional study at maternity ward of Shree Birendra Hospital in Kathmandu with non-reassuring CTG who underwent cesarean section in a period of one year. Their CTG were correlated with their intraoperative findings and neonatal outcome such as meconium stained liquor, nuchal cord, Apgar score at birth, NICU admission, perinatal mortality and stillbirth. Results: Fifty four patients were recruited. Most common operative finding was meconium stained liquor (35.2%); and cardiotocographic abnormality was variable Deceleration (37%). Variable deceleration and late deceleration had significant correlation with meconium stain liquor and nuchal cord. Apgar score ≤ 7 at 5 minute was 7.4%. NICU admission was 13% with common abnormality as late Deceleration. Conclusion: CTG pattern...

Research paper thumbnail of Principles and Goals of Public Health

Acta Scientifci Nutritional Health, Dec 5, 2019

Public health is one of the dynamic medical field which is primarily concerned with improving hea... more Public health is one of the dynamic medical field which is primarily concerned with improving health of populations rather than individuals. Public Health in the early twentieth century is defined as the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting human health through organized efforts and informed choices of organization, public, private, communities, society and individuals. Today it is recognized as being integral to 3.

Research paper thumbnail of Fetal outcome in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

American journal of …, 1982

Fetal outcome was evaluated in 157 hypertensive pregnant women whose underlying disease had been ... more Fetal outcome was evaluated in 157 hypertensive pregnant women whose underlying disease had been established by renal biopsy. The patients had pathologic diagnoses of preeclampsia (95), nephrosclerosis (23), nephrosclerosis with superimposed preeclampsia (13), ...

Table 1. Birth weight in relation to hypertension

Research paper thumbnail of Rising Rate of Ceserean Section in Nepal

Texila International Journal of Public Health, 2019

Caesarean section is one of the most common and lifesaving surgeries performed in modern obstetri... more Caesarean section is one of the most common and lifesaving surgeries performed in modern obstetrics. In a developing country like Nepal where health care resources are limited, this rising trend definitely has major implication but it is essential to perform when complications arise during pregnancy and labour without this large number of women and their unborn babies die every year, especially in low-income countries. The World Health Organization suggests 10-15% cesarean section rate and has suggested to be done only when justified by a medical condition2. It states that, at a population level, if cesarean section rates higher than 10% does not reduce the maternal and neonatal mortality rates, and it should be performed only when medically justified. Otherwise unnecessary health of mother and babies including social and economic implications would challenge childbearing women, babies, their families and the state. Recently in Nepal there is a sharp rising trend of cesarean section rates from 20 to 81% in different hospitals especially in the private setting indicating over-medicalization of childbirth unnecessarily performing without medically justified. This arise the issue of human rights violence of childbearing women and professional integrity of a practitioner and safety of the clients. The World Health Organization recommended use of the Robson criteria which would be one of the best strategies in reducing the frequency of the procedure that should include avoidance of medically unnecessary primary cesarean section and improving case selection for induction and prelabour cesarean section besides educating childbearing women and their families about the consequences of unnecessary request of the procedure.
Keywords: Cesarean section; Rate; World health organization, Violence.